| 1. |
- Allen, Derek, et al.
(författare)
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Stratigraphy, dates and insect faunas from the Lateglacial site at Barmston, East Yorkshire
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Naturalist. - : Yorkshire Naturalists' Union. - 0028-0771. ; 148, s. 81-98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Late Quaternary deposits on the Yorkshire coast southwards from Sewerby Cliff in Bridlington Bay to Dimlington north of Spurn Point (Figs. 1a-1c, p82) have been the subject of stratigraphic and palaeontological research for well over a century (Bateman et al., 2011; Catt, 2007 and references therein, Evans et al., 1995). The region contains the type-site for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in Britain at Dimlington (Rose, 1985) and extensive outcrops of at least three glacial diamicts, locally the Basement, Skipsea and Withernsea Tills, indicating the dynamic nature of the North Sea ice lobe during the final stages of the British and Irish Icesheet (BIIS). Work by Bateman et al. (2015) indicates that the Skipsea and Withernsea Tills represent icesheets that were present across Holderness for less than 6 ka between 20.9 and 15.1 ka BP before retreating north and east. However, the deglaciation remains insufficiently constrained, with a hiatus between the preserved glacial deposits and the earliest Lateglacial sequences at Gransmoor and Roos Bog (Walker et al., 1993; Beckett, 1981). Organic sediments directly overlying glacial till have been examined at Barmston which provide additional evidence of Lateglacial environments and climate in Holderness. This paper presents fossil insect and chronological evidence from coastal exposures from which climatic reconstructions can be made.
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| 2. |
- Buckland, Paul C., et al.
(författare)
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A bibliography of quaternary entomology : (qbib)
- 2019
-
Annan publikationabstract
- Originally published in 1991 (Buckland & Coope, 1991), this is the most comprehensive bibliography of articles and books on Quaternary fossil insects and their use in palaeoclimatology, palaeoecology and environmental archaeology available on the planet. Updates are periodically posted here, at www.bugscep.com, and on other open resources.
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| 3. |
- Buckland, Paul C., et al.
(författare)
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Caught in a trap : landscape and climate implications of the insect fauna from a Roman well in Sherwood Forest
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences. - : Springer. - 1866-9557 .- 1866-9565. ; 10:1, s. 125-140
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sherwood Forest in Nottinghamshire is often considered a well preserved ancient landscape, subsequently having survived by way of centuries of management as a hunting preserve. Archaeological evidence suggests otherwise, with an enclosed landscape beginning in the pre-Roman Iron Age and continuing through the Romanperiod. Due to the nature of the region's soils, however, there is little empirical, palaeoecological evidence on its environmental history prior to the medieval period. This paper presents an insect fauna from a Roman well in a small enclosure in north Nottinghamshire, on the edge of Sherwood Forest, and its interpretation in terms of contemporary land use. Wells and small pools act as large pitfall traps and mayeffectively sample aspects of the local and regional insect fauna. The Wild Goose Cottage fauna and its environmental implications are also compared with a number of archaeologically and geographically similar contexts.
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| 4. |
- Buckland, Paul C., et al.
(författare)
-
Excavations on Roman pottery kiln sites in Cantley Parish, South Yorkshire, 1956–1975
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Roman Pottery Studies Volume 19. - : Oxbow Books. - 9781789258264 - 9781789258257 ; , s. 44-146
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The South Yorkshire Roman pottery industry is concentrated largely in the parish of Cantley, immediately south-east ofDoncaster, the site of the fort and associated settlement of Danvm. Over seventy kilns, lying either side of the Lincolnto York via Castleford road, have been located, of which 55 have been excavated. This report deals with the remainingunpublished material, that from Cantley Kilns 30–32, 35–36 and 40–44. The earliest excavated kilns belong to themid-second century and production continued at least until the mid-fourth century. Material from Doncaster and othersites, however, suggests that earlier local late first and early second century production centres remain to be identified.Kiln types range from surface-built with removable furniture, to more substantial deeply excavated types with survivinginternal structures, including radial firebars over single and double pedestals, to more massive permanent floors overup to four pedestals. The products include mortaria, beakers, cooking pots/jars and bowls. White slip is employed onmortaria and red and white paint occurs on a few other vessels. Most of the material is in a hard gritty fabric producedin both light grey and red oxidised forms with varying degrees of burnishing. The mortaria have Mancetter/Hartshillaffinities which appear evident even after the demise of stamping by SARRIVS and others, and the cooking pots andbowls, reflect the general trend of Black-burnished ware production, although the latest forms do not occur. Threetypes, lid-seated jars, wide-mouthed/shouldered bowls and large bowls/pancheons of truncated conical form, belongto different, perhaps Continental traditions. Whilst most of the material appears to have been marketed locally, a fewvessels travelled further, particularly in the mid-second century, when Rossington Bridge, on the southern edge of theindustry, was involved in supply to the Antonine Wall.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Buckland, Paul C., et al.
(författare)
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Insect Remains from GUS : an interim report
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Man, culture and environment in ancient Greenland. - Copenhagen : Danish National Museum & Danish Polar Center. - 8790369238 ; , s. 74-79
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Buckland, Paul, et al.
(författare)
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Edlington Wood : using Lidar to put ancient fields and old excavations into their contemporary landscape
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Transactions of the Hunter Archaeological Society. - Sheffield : The Hunter Archaeological Society. - 0966-2251. ; 29, s. 84-101
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Roman sites in Edlington Wood, three miles west-south-west of Doncaster, South Yorkshire, first came to wider notice as a result of finds by the woodman in the 1930s and the material was of sufficient interest for Philip Corder to use it as the basis for a paper in a festschrift to O. G. S. Crawford. Most of these finds and later material were deposited in Doncaster Museum, although others went to the owners and local metal detectorists. In 1970 a threat of quarrying led to a detailed survey of the site by the Royal Commission on Historical Monuments and limited excavation on one site. Two large areas within the Wood were cleared but remain as improved grassland. The recent availability of Lidar imagery allows the occupation sites and fragments of field system located by ground survey to be placed in a broader context of small rectangular fields and some attempt at a landscape chronology to be made. The cultivation of the fields in a system of cord rig is discussed.
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| 10. |
- Buckland, Philip I., Dr. 1973-, et al.
(författare)
-
A re-assessment of numbers. The case of Cantley Kilns 33–4 and 37–9 using EVEs and comparing vessel counts between two sampling events
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Roman Pottery Studies Volume 19. - : Oxbow Books. - 9781789258264 - 9781789258257 ; , s. 147-164
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The selective archiving of pottery sherds in museums is rarely analysed with respect to its potential impact on subsequent re-analysis. An undergraduate dissertation on pottery groups from the production site at Cantley provided an opportunity to test this empirically. Two quantification events are thus explored through simple statistical and visualisation methods and the implications of different quantification methods, including the use of EVE (Estimated Vessel Equivalents), discussed.
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| 11. |
- Buckland, Philip I., 1973-, et al.
(författare)
-
BugsCEP, an entomological database twenty-five years on
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Antenna (Journal of the Royal Entomological Society). - London : Royal Entomological Society of London. - 0140-1890. ; 38:1, s. 21-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 12. |
- Buckland, Philip I., Dr. 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Mid-Devensian climate and landscape in England : new data from Finningley, South Yorkshire
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Royal Society Open Science. - : Royal Society Publishing. - 2054-5703. ; 6:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While there is extensive evidence for the Late Devensian, less is known about Early and Middle Devensian (approx. 110-30 ka) climates and environments in the UK. The Greenland ice-core record suggests the UK should have endured multiple changes, but the terrestrial palaeo-record lacks sufficient detail for confirmation from sites in the British Isles. Data from deposits at Finningley, South Yorkshire, can help redress this. A channel with organic silts, dated 40 314-39 552 cal a BP, contained plant macrofossil and insect remains showing tundra with dwarf-shrub heath and bare ground. Soil moisture conditions varied from free draining to riparian, with ponds and wetter vegetated areas. The climate was probably low arctic with snow cover during the winter. Mutual climatic range (MCR), based on Coleoptera, shows the mean monthly winter temperatures of -22 to -2 degrees C and summer ones of 8-14 degrees C. Periglacial structures within the basal gravel deposits and beyond the glacial limits indicate cold-climate conditions, including permafrost. A compilation of MCR reconstructions for other Middle Devensian English sites shows that marine isotope stage 3-between 59 and 28 ka-experienced substantial variation in climate consistent with the Greenland ice-core record. The exact correlation is hampered by temporal resolution, but the Finningley site stadial at approximately 40 ka may correlate with the one of the Greenland stadials 7-11.
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| 13. |
- Buckland, Philip I., 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Paleoentomology : Insects and other Arthropods in Environmental Archaeology
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. - New York, NY : Springer Science+Business Media B.V.. - 9781441904263 - 9781441904652 ; , s. 5740-5755
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Insects are the most diverse group of animals on the planet, and as suchare present in a wider variety of habitats than most other organism groups.This diversity, in addition to a long evolutionary history (Grimaldi &Engel 2005), and together with a propensity to be preserved in both desiccatingand anaerobic environments, has provided an excellent tool for thereconstruction of both Quaternary and more immediate archaeologicalenvironments. Insect remains often provide proxy environmental information onthe immediate context from which the fossils are derived, and as such may beeither complementary to the more regional picture provided by palynology orindicate site conditions, such as levels of hygiene and evidence of tradingconnections, which are rarely available from any other palaeoecological source.They therefore provide information on a broad range of habitats and conditions,on- and off-site, and in addition, in appropriate contexts, also climate.Processing of samples is essentially simple, requiring readily availablematerials, yet is time consuming, and identification of the usuallydisarticulated fragments (sclerites) requires diligence and patience and accessto well curated reference collections. Fortunately, abundant literature,computer software and database tools now exist to aid in their interpretation.
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| 14. |
- Buckland, Philip I., 1973-, et al.
(författare)
-
Paleoentomology : insects and other arthropods in environmental archaeology
- 2018. - 2
-
Ingår i: Encyclopedia of global archaeology. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319517261
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Insects are the most diverse group of animals on the planet and as such are present in a wider variety of habitats than most other complex organisms. This diversity, in addition to a long evolutionary history (Grimaldi and Engel 2005), and together with a propensity to be preserved in both desiccating and anaerobic environments, has provided an excellent tool for the reconstruction of both Quaternary and more immediate archaeological environments. Insect remains often provide proxy environmental information on the immediate context from which the fossils are derived, and as such may be either complementary to the more regional picture provided by palynology or indicate site conditions, such as levels of hygiene and evidence of trading connections, which are rarely available from any other palaeoecological source. They therefore provide information on a broad range of habitats and conditions, on- and off-site, and in addition, in appropriate contexts, also climate. Processing of samples is essentially simple, requiring readily available materials, yet is time consuming, and identification of the usually disarticulated fragments (sclerites) requires diligence and patience and access to well-curated reference collections. Fortunately, abundant literature, computer software, and database tools now exist to aid in their interpretation.
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| 15. |
- Buckland, Philip I., Dr. 1973-, et al.
(författare)
-
Pitfall trapping at Gården Under Sandet (GUS) 1995, Western Greenland
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Norwegian Journal of Entomology. - Oslo : Norwegian Entomological Society. - 1501-8415 .- 1894-0692. ; 70:2, s. 158-169
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During archaeological excavations on the site of the Norse farm at Gården under Sandet (GUS), in Ameralik Fjord, south-west Greenland, the opportunity was taken to sample the modern ground-living insect fauna by pitfall trapping from a range of natural habitats for comparison with fossil assemblages from the medieval farm and its midden. Two species, the predatory bug Nabis flavomarginatus Scholtz, 1847 and small ladybird Nephus redtenbacheri Mulsant, 1846 are recorded for the first time in this part of Greenland, although there are earlier records from the sediments associated with medieval farms in the region and both have been regarded as Norse introductions. The minute staphylinid Mycetoporus nigrans Mäklin, 1853, added to the Greenland list from this material by Peter Hammond (in Buckland et al. 1998), was found to be common in most natural habitats around GUS. Grids of eight traps, four at ground level and four on posts, were set out in six localities defined by their vegetational characteristics and emptied three times over the month-long sampling period. The cicadellid Psammotettix lividellus (Zetterstedt, 1840) appeared in all ground traps being particularly abundant on the dwarf birch and sedge dominated floodplain, to which the polyphagous mirid bug Chlamydatus pullus (Reuter, 1870) appears confined.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Buckland, Philip I., 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Species found as fossils in Quaternary sediments
- 2012. - 2nd
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Ingår i: Checklist of Beetles of the British Isles. - United Kingdom : Pemberley Books. - 9780957335707 ; , s. 127-130
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This new checklist is the most up-to-date and comprehensive checklist of the beetle fauna of the British Isles, representing many man-years of effort by leading British coleopterists. The main checklist is fully annotated with detailed endnotes.
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| 18. |
- Buckland, Philip I., Dr. 1973-, et al.
(författare)
-
Species found as fossils in Quaternary sediments
- 2018. - 3
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Ingår i: Checklist of beetles of the British Isles. - Iver : Pemberley Books. - 9780957335738 ; , s. 171-174
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 19. |
- Buckland, Philip I., 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Towards an expert system in palaeoentomology
- 1997
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Ingår i: Studies in quaternary entomology. - Chichester : John Wiley & Sons. - 0471969753 ; , s. 71-77
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Studies of Quaternary insect fossils, principally of Coleoptera, the beetles, are now sufficiently frequent to warrant the construction of a database to maintain easy access to the record. BUGS, however, seeks to go beyond this and provide ecological and distributional data on the modern fauna to enable more precise reconstructions of apst environments. This paper summarizes the program and its salient features and discusses the application of intra- and intersite statistics, which the database allows.
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| 20. |
- Buckland, Philip I., Dr. 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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When a Waterhole is Full of Dung : An Illustration of the Importance of Environmental Evidence for Refining Archaeological Interpretation of Excavated Features
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Archaeometry. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0003-813X .- 1475-4754. ; 61:4, s. 977-990
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prehistoric field systems sometimes encompass excavated, pit-like features which are difficult to classify due to the complex stratigraphies resulting from reuse, infilling and collapse. They are frequently classified as wells and watering holes, but other potential uses for excavated depressions are rarely cited. We argue the need for environmental archaeology in the interpretation of features of this nature, and present a case study from a Bronze Age site at Pode Hole, near Peterborough (UK), where fossil insect material clearly contradicts the archaeological interpretation. We present empirical evidence for a sealed context filled with dung which cannot be interpreted as a water source. This evidence strongly contrasts with other superficially similar features at the site.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Jerand, Philip, 1985-
(författare)
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Animating soils : geoarchaeological approaches to past human-environment relationships in the Arctic
- 2023
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this thesis, soils and sediments have been used as sources of information on past human activity in Arctic environments. The study has combined geoarchaeological methods and techniques with information from historical documents, ethnographic accounts, and archaeological remains to create integrated narratives of human-landscape interactions in the past. The thesis consists of two parts: an introductory text and four research papers.In the first paper, social and cultural aspects of the spatial organisation of Sámi hearth-row sites are presented and discussed through an analysis of the soil from two sites in northern Norway (Steintjørna and Brodtkorbneset) and one from northern Sweden (Hobergsträsk). Based on spatial patterns in the excavated and analysed materials, a socio-spatial ethnographic model of the Sámi goahti (tent/hut) was challenged and new insights into spatial organisation were generated.The second paper revisits Steintjørna in Norway and presented a geoarchaeological methodology for identifying spaces used for corralling or controlling reindeer.The third paper deals with the human impact on soils from two contemporary sites representing short term, low intensity use, but under different socio-economic conditions. Snuvrejohka was a Sámi viste (camp site) in a high-altitude location connected to 19th and 20th century reindeer herding, whilst Maiva, was initially a farmstead that was turned into a tourist station, that later became a holiday cottage and lastly a research outpost. The interaction of humans with soils and sediments was explored using stratigraphic and spatial soil sampling strategies and analysis to provide interpretable data on land use.The fourth paper approaches human impact from a different perspective, namely the introduction of invasive soil fauna in Arctic environments. An integrated cultural and natural historical approach, including soil sampling and analysis, was used to study archaeological and historical information at Maiva. The results suggest that earthworm driven bioturbation is a remnant of 19th and 20th century agricultural settlements, showing that ecological imperialism is present in Arctic Fennoscandia.These studies have collectively and conclusively shown that human impact on soils is detectable, measurable, and essential for interpreting and understanding past events in human-environment relationships.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Pilotto, Francesca, et al.
(författare)
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The European palaeoecological record of Swedish red-listed beetles
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Biological Conservation. - : Elsevier. - 0006-3207 .- 1873-2917. ; 260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent global changes have triggered a biodiversity crisis. However, climate fluctuations have always influenced biodiversity and humans have affected species distributions since prehistoric times. Conservation palaeobiology is a developing field that aims to understand the long-term dynamics of such interactions by studying the geohistorical records in a conservation perspective. Case studies exist for vertebrates and plants, but insects have largely been overlooked so far. Here, we analysed the current red-listed beetle species (Coleoptera) in Sweden and investigated their occurrence and representation in the European Quaternary fossil record. Fossil data currently exist for one third of the Swedish red-listed beetle species. All the red-list conservation classes are represented in the fossil record, which may allow for comparative studies. We found significantly different representations in the fossil records among taxonomic groups and ecological traits, which may depend on the fossil depositional and sampling environments and variation in how difficult species are to identify. Species that are today associated with modern urban environments were mostly found in Quaternary sites with archaeological human settlements, reflecting early human-driven environmental change. Combining modern and fossil insect species data for biodiversity conservation needs to be undertaken with care, and attention paid to biases in both modern and palaeo-data. Nevertheless, this approach opens new opportunities for conservation biology by providing a long-term perspective on biodiversity change.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Antonson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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A society ill-equipped to deal with the effects of climate change on cultural heritage and landscape : a qualitative assessment of planning practices in transport infrastructure
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Climatic Change. - : Springer Nature. - 0165-0009 .- 1573-1480. ; 166:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper provides insights into the handling of climate change issues related to cultural heritage at different government decision levels dealing with physical planning, and in particular roads. Data are derived from a qualitative analysis of official reports and interviews with local and regional planners in three Swedish regions with contrasting climates. The theoretical lens of Institutional Interplay is applied to an analysis grouped into six themes: Climate threats to cultural heritage, Adaptation measures, Preparedness, Institutional preconditions, Institutional interplay, and Challenges. The results suggest that despite a strong environmental reputation internationally, Sweden is not particularly well prepared for dealing with future climate change impacts on cultural heritage and landscape. The lack of national standards and standardised methods risks regional and sectoral variation in the treatment of similar tasks, a problem which deficiencies in knowledge and continuing education are perpetuating. The degree to which discussions and cooperation occur between divisions within the same authority, between authorities, and in national networks varies considerably. Routines and criteria for prioritisation of cultural heritage mitigation, essential under conditions of limited resources, have yet to have been implemented. We conclude with five recommendations for improving the planning process with respect to climate change risks to cultural heritage.
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| 27. |
- Antonson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
-
Effekter av vintervägsaltning på kulturmiljö. En pilotstudie av fornlämningskategorin milstolpe
- 2021
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En semikvantitativ pilotstudie av 72 milstolpar (35 av kalksten och 37 av gjutjärn) i Södermanlands respektive Östergötlands län har genomförts med syftet att studera sambandet mellan vintervägsalt-ning och milstolparnas skador. Milstolparnas skador har klassats utifrån högupplösta fotografier, dess avstånd från vägen och framsidans väderstreck. Rapporten visar att vissa delar av milstolpen är mer skadade än andra och att en trolig orsak till detta för gjutjärnsstolparna är vintervägsalt. Sambandet är inte lika tydligt för kalkstensstolpar där studien uppmanar till fördjupade undersökningar. Den förenklade och relativt kostnadseffektiva semikvantitativa metodiken framtagen i denna pilotstudie har visat sig fungera och har potentialen att förfinas.
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| 28. |
- Antonson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
-
Kulturhistoriska värden i ett förändrat klimat. Hot, risker och hanteringkopplat till vägar och banor
- 2021
-
Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- Klimatförändringar utgör en bred palett av risker för kulturmiljö och landskap,inklusive de kulturhistoriska lämningar som har en nära eller direkt kopplingtill transportinfrastruktur. I detta projekt tittade vi på ett antal av dessa riskeri syfte att hjälpa Trafikverket att utveckla tjänster för bättre förutsägelse ochhantering av riskerna i anslutning till vägar och banor. Forskningen inleddesgenom en översikt av befintliga offentliga publikationer om klimatförändringenshot, risker, metoder, anpassningsåtgärder och kulturmiljö. Detta följdesav en undersökning av upplevelsen av dessa frågor bland offentligt anställdaexperter som medverkar i planeringen. Geografiska informationssystem (GIS)användes för att identifiera kulturhistoriska lämningar som är klimatologisktriskutsatta sig i riskzonen för tre undersökningsområden, följt av fältbesökför att bedöma tillförlitligheten i GIS-resultaten. Analysen visade att en enkelGIS-analys kan vara till hjälp för att identifiera riskutsatta platser, men ocksåatt fältarbete kan medverka till att identifiera ytterligare risker men också problemmed noggrannheten i underliggande datamaterial. Projektet tillhandahållerockså grundläggande statistik om i vilken utsträckning olika typer avkulturhistoriska lämningar på nationell nivå riskerar att hotas enligt nuvarandeklimatförändringsmodeller. Projektet genomförde också fallstudier av 1) vägsaltetsrisker för milstolpar och andra arkeologiska företeelser i anslutning tillvägar, och 2) de historiska kartornas potential att användas för att identifierariskutsatta områden vid framtida klimatförändringar. Slutligen diskuteras konsekvensernaav dessa resultat för prioriteringar av klimatanpassningsaktivitetersamt presenterar förslag på metoder och modeller för att identifiera transportinfrastrukturenskulturmiljöer som är hotas av klimatförändringar.
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| 29. |
- Antonson, Hans, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Road Salt Damage to Historical Milestones Indicates Adaptation of Winter Roads to Future Climate Change May Damage Arctic Cultural Heritage
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Climate. - Basel : MDPI. - 2225-1154. ; 9:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is no doubt that anthropogenic global warming is accelerating damage to cultural heritage. Adaptation measures are required to reduce the loss of sites, monuments and remains. However, little research has been directed towards understanding potential impacts of climate adaptation measures in other governmental sectors on cultural heritage. We provide a case study demonstrating that winter road salt, used to reduce ice related accidents, damages historical iron milestones. As the climate warms, road salt use will move north into areas where sites have been protected by contiguous winter snow cover. This will expose Artic/sub-Arctic cultural heritage, including Viking graves and Sami sites, to a new anthropogenic source of damage. Research and planning should therefore include the evaluation of secondary impacts when choosing climate adaptation strategies.
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| 30. |
- Breitling, Rainer, et al.
(författare)
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Epigean spiders at Abisko Scientific Research Station in Swedish Lapland (Arachnida:Araneae)
- 2015
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Ingår i: Arachnology. - : British Arachnological Society. - 2050-9928 .- 2050-9936. ; 16:8, s. 287-293
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Torneträsk area, including the Abisko National Park, Sweden, is arachnologically one of the best explored sites of Fennoscandia. Here we report the results of pitfall trapping at Abisko Scientific Research Station during the summers of 2004 and 2005, recording 791 individuals of 62 species of spiders. As expected, at the species level, samples were dominated by members of the Linyphiidae, while at the level of individuals Pardosa hyperborea and other lycosids were dominant. Two subsites, on heath and bog, differed substantially in their species profile: 7 species were statistically overrepresented on the drier heath site, while 2 species showed a strong preference for the wetter bog site. The samples also contained the first reported lateral gynadromorph of Archaeodictyna consecuta (Dictynidae). This study, from 195 km north of the Arctic Circle, provides important reference data for continued studies on the long-term effects of climate change on arctic ecosystems.
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| 31. |
- Buckland, Philip I., Dr. 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Approaches to research data infrastructure for archaeological science
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Digital heritage and archaeology in practice. - : University Press of Florida. - 9780813069302 ; , s. 109-134
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A significant number of archaeology’s Grand Challenges (Kintigh et al. 2014) can only be addressed through access to large amounts of data from multiple research fields, and advanced tools for aggregating, synthesizing and analyzing them. Archaeological research has seen significant developments in the use of databases and database tools since first adopting them in the late 1960s (Lock 2003). The often small scale of archaeological budgets, and the paucity of long-term funding, has meant that cheaper solutions have most often been used. These have ranged from mainstream database management systems through university site licenses and project specific purchases, to independently coded solutions and more recent open source alternatives. The relatively unusual nature and complexity of archaeological science (see Lidén 2017) data has meant that custom database designs have been the norm. The vast majority of these databases have been built to serve single purposes: from simple sample processing archives, to more complete excavation databases or multi-site macrofossil databases. User interfaces, if present, usually reflect these aims rather than provide for wider audiences. Such databases are an extremely important part of how science is now conducted, and, as explained in this chapter, there are considerable advantages to upscaling them towards becoming components in research infrastructure.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Buckland, Philip I., 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Blombocken avslöjar forntiden
- 2017
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Ingår i: Populär arkeologi. - 0281-014X. ; :5, s. 28-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Databaser. Fossila insekter och förkolnade fröer kan ge mycket information om de miljöer som människor har levt i och kan liksom annan biologisk information tjäna arkeologin.
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| 34. |
- Buckland, Philip I., 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Environmental archaeological analysis from the archaeological excavations at Ørland kampflybase, Vik 70/1, Ørland, Sør-Trøndelag, Norway. 2015-2016
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A total of 322 bulk samples, 267 bulk subsamples and 1632 survey samples from the excavation of Iron Age settlements at Ørland, Vik, Sør-Trondelag, were analysed at the Environmental Archaeology Laboratory (MAL) at Umeå University. The overall aim of these analyses was to look for evidence which could help identify possible prehistoric activity areas, understand building functions and divisions, and shed light on land management around the farmsteads.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Buckland, Philip I., 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Explaining Late Quaternary beetle extinctions in the UK using palaeoenvironmental databases for quantitative environmental reconstruction
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The comparison of palaeoenvironmental and archaeological records of fossil insects with modern red data books can provide a picture of local extinctions. Buckland & Buckland (2012) performed such a study on the Coleoptera of the British Isles, using the BugsCEP database for the fossil data, and looking at broad chronological divisions. The ecology of these regionally extinct beetles, all of which are extant in other parts of the World, may be used to investigate the environmental and climatic changes which may have lead to their extirpation. This process can be semi-automated and habitats quantified through the use of ecological classification and a database infrastructure which links fossil and modern ecological and climate data (Buckland & Buckland 2006; http://www.bugscep.com). Preliminary results indicate that the majority of extirpated species with mid-Holocene records were dependent on woodland environments (Buckland 2014). These investigations can be refined by using narrower time-slices, interpolating dating evidence and including more comprehensive archaeological dating evidence. The expansion of the analysis to include the full assemblages found in the samples containing the extirpated species also allows for a more comprehensive picture of the long-term relationships between biodiversity, environmental and climatic change and human activity.
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| 37. |
- Buckland, Philip I., 1973-
(författare)
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Freeing information to the people : Using the past to aid the future
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Innovation - Disseminating Science Research and Technology. - UK : Research Media. - 2041-4552. ; :4, s. 51-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Dr Philip Buckland discusses his recent project SEAD: the web-accessible scientific database that crosses archaeological and environmental disciplines. Disciplines as diverse as anthropology and palaeoecology take an interest in our environment and how we have treated it. The Strategic Environmental Archaeology Database aims to create a multi-proxy, GIS-ready database for environmental and archaeological data to aid multidisciplinary research
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| 38. |
- Buckland, Philip I., 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Pollen analysis of samples from the defensive ditch (vollgrav) at Site FO4 Klypen-Øst, Follobanen, Oslo
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Nine samples were submitted for pollen analyses from three profiles from the "Vollgrav"defensive ditch feature, at the Follobanen FO4 Klypen-Øst excavation in Oslo. These samples were investigated with respect to their pollen contents and, in a separate investigation, soil micromorphology. The micromorphological methods and results are described in detail in a separate report from Richard Macphail (2016). Where relevant, these findings are commented on with respect to the other analysis results below.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Buckland, Philip I., 1973-
(författare)
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SEAD - The Strategic Environmental Archaeology Database Inter-linking Multiproxy Environmental Data with Archaeological Investigations and Ecology
- 2013
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Ingår i: Archaeology in the Digital Era. - : Amsterdam University Press. - 9789089646637 - 9789048519590 - 9789048519606 ; , s. 320-331
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The volume of data on past environmental and climate changes, as well as human interactions with these, has long since passed the level where it is manageable outside of large scale database systems. The Strategic Environmental Archaeology Database project aims to not only store and disseminate such data, but also provide tools for querying and analysing them, whilst maintaining a close connection with the archaeological and ecological data that are essential for their comprehensive interpretation. Large scale, geographically and chronologically unrestricted databases provide us with essentially unlimited scope for putting individual sites into a broader context and applying locally collated data to the investigation of earth system level changes. By providing integrated access to data from a variety of proxies, including plant macrofossils, pollen, insects and geochemistry, along with dating evidence, more complex questions can be answered where any single proxy would not be able to provide comprehensive answers.
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| 42. |
- Buckland, Philip I., 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Strategic Environmental Archaeology Database (SEAD)
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. - New York, NY : Springer Science+Business Media B.V.. - 9781441904263 - 9781441904652 ; , s. 7076-7085
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental archaeology encompasses a wide range of scientific methods for analyzing the results of past human activities, environments, climates and perhaps most importantly, the relationships between these. Many of these methods are referred to as proxy analyses, denoting the illumination of the past as interpreted through the evidence of fossil organisms or properties. These lines of evidence, or proxy data sources, are assumed to reflect past conditions by way of their dependence on them. For example, crops will only grow within a specific climate range; organic waste will lead to increased soil phosphate levels and burning increases magnetic susceptibility. Whilst it is easier to store, manage and analyze the data produced by these methods individually, there is much to be gained from multi-proxy integration at the raw data level. Despite this methodological diversity, the common factors of space, time and context allow us to compare and integrate the results of analyses. This is, however, easier said than done, and without efficient data handling systems the data rapidly become unmanageable. SEAD represents one solution to this problem, and forms a node in an international web of open access paleoenvironmental and archaeological databases which are driving archaeological science into new realms of more complex, multi-site, multi-proxy analyses and meta-analyses. This article sets out to describe the system, the scientific implications of which are covered in Buckland et al. 2010.
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| 43. |
- Buckland, Philip I., Dr. 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Strategic Environmental Archaeology Database (SEAD)
- 2018. - 2
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Ingår i: Encyclopedia of global archaeology. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319517261
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental archaeology encompasses a wide range of scientific methods for analyzing the results of past human activities, environments, climates, and perhaps, most importantly, the relationships between these. Many of these methods are referred to as proxy analyses, denoting the illumination of the past as interpreted indirectly through the evidence of fossil organisms or properties. These lines of evidence, or proxy data sources, are assumed to reflect past conditions by way of their dependence on them. For example, a species of beetle may only survive within a specific climate range, and thus its presence in samples indicates this climate at the time of deposition; organic waste deposited around a farmstead will raise soil phosphate levels above those of the surrounding land; and the presence of cereal grains in postholes suggests their local cultivation or import, usage, or storage.
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| 44. |
- Buckland, Philip I., 1973-
(författare)
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The Bugs Coleopteran Ecology Package (BugsCEP) : the development and implementation of software for palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatological research
- 2009
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This book describes the development and practical application of a unique database orientated software package, BugsCEP, for environmental, climatic and biodiversity reconstruction from beetle assemblages. BugsCEP consists of a database of ecology and distribution data for over 9400 insect taxa, and includes temperature tolerance data for 436 species. It contains abundance and summary data for over 770 sites, most of the known European Quaternary fossil coleopteran record, supported by a bibliography of over 3700 sources. Built in statistics, including a specially developed habitat classification system, provide semi-quantitative environmental reconstructions to aid in the interpretation of sites. BugsCEP's querying and reporting functions also increase the efficiency with which analyses can be undertaken, including the facility to explore the fossil record of species by searching ecology and distribution data. The Mutual Climatic Range (MCR) reconstruction method is implemented and improved upon, including predictive modelling and the graphical output of reconstructions and climate space maps. BugsCEP is available from www.bugscep.com.
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| 45. |
- Buckland, Philip I., 1973-
(författare)
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The Bugs Coleopteran Ecology Package (BugsCEP) database : 1000 sites and half a million fossils later
- 2014
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Ingår i: Quaternary International. - : Elsevier. - 1040-6182 .- 1873-4553. ; 341, s. 272-282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Bugs database project started in the late 1980s as what would now be considered a relatively simple system, albeit advanced for its time, linking fossil beetle species lists to modern habitat and distribution information. Since then, Bugs has grown into a complex database of fossils records, habitat and distribution data, dating and climate reference data wrapped into an advanced software analysis package. At the time of writing, the database contains raw data and metadata for 1124 sites, and Russell Coope directly contributed to the analysis of over 154 (14%) of them, some 98790 identifications published in 231 publications. Such quantifications are infeasible without databases, and the analytical power of combining a database of modern and fossil insects with analysis tools is potentially immense for numerous areas of science ranging from conservation to Quaternary geology.BugsCEP, The Bugs Coleopteran Ecology Package, is the latest incarnation of the Bugs database project. Released in 2007, the database is continually added too and is available for free download from http://www.bugscep.com. The software tools include quantitative habitat reconstruction and visualisation, correlation matrices, MCR climate reconstruction, searching by habitat and retrieving, among other things, a list of taxa known from the selected habitat types. It also provides a system for entering, storing and managing palaeoentomological data as well as a number of expert system like reporting facilities.Work is underway to create an online version of BugsCEP, implemented through the Strategic Environmental Archaeology Database (SEAD) project (http://www.sead.se). The aim is to provide more direct access to the latest data, a community orientated updating system, and integration with other proxy data. Eventually, the tools available in the offline BugsCEP will be duplicated and Bugs will be entirely in the web.This paper summarises aspects of the current scope, capabilities and applications of the BugsCEP database and software, with special reference to and quantifications of the contributions of Russell Coope to the field of palaeoentomology as represented in the database. The paper also serves to illustrate the potential for the use of BugsCEP in biographical studies, and discusses some of the issues relating to the use of large scale sources of quantitative data.All datasets used in this article are available through the current version of BugsCEP available at http://www.bugscep.com.
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| 46. |
- Buckland, Philip I., Dr. 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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The intricate details of using research databases and repositories for environmental archaeology data
- 2022
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Ingår i: ArcheoLogica Data. - Sesto Fiorentino : All’Insegna del Giglio. - 2785-0307. ; 2, s. 15-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental archaeology is a complex mix of empirical analysis and qualitative interpretation.It is increasingly data science oriented, and databases and online resources are becoming increasinglyimportant in large scale synthesis research on changes in climate, environments and human activities.Research funders, journals and universities place much emphasis on the use of data repositories toensure transparency and reusability in the research process. Although these are important, researchersthemselves, however, may have more use for research databases which are oriented more towardsadvanced querying and exploratory data analysis than conforming to archiving standards. This paperexplores the pros and cons of these different approaches. It also discusses and problematizes somekey concepts in research data management, including the definitions of data and metadata, along withthe FAIR principles. Research examples are provided from a broad field of environmental archaeologyand palaeoecology. In contrast to most publications, the developer’s perspective is also included, anda worked example using the Strategic Environmental Archaeology Database (SEAD) to investigate fossilbeetle data demonstrates the implementation of some of this in the real world. This example may befollowed online using the SEAD browser, and all described data downloaded from there. After providingboth encouragement and warnings on the use of digital resources for synthesis research, some suggestionsare made for moving forward.
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| 47. |
- Buckland, Philip I., 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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The Strategic Environmental Archaeology Database : a resource for international, multiproxy and transdisciplinary studies of environmental and climatic change
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate and environmental change are global challenges which require global data and infrastructure to investigate. These challenges also require a multi-proxy approach, integrating evidence from Quaternary science and archaeology with information from studies on modern ecology and physical processes among other disciplines. The Strategic Environmental Archaeology Database (SEAD http://www.sead.se) is a Swedish based international research e-infrastructure for storing, managing, analysing and disseminating palaeoenvironmental data from an almost unlimited number of analysis methods. The system currently makes available raw data from over 1500 sites (>5300 datasets) and the analysis of Quaternary fossil insects, plant macrofossils, pollen, geochemistry and sediment physical properties, dendrochronology and wood anatomy, ceramic geochemistry and bones, along with numerous dating methods. This capacity will be expanded in the near future to include isotopes, multi-spectral and archaeo-metalurgical data. SEAD also includes expandable climate and environment calibration datasets, a complete bibliography and extensive metadata and services for linking these data to other resources. All data is available as Open Access through http://qsead.sead.se and downloadable software. SEAD is maintained and managed at the Environmental Archaeology Lab and HUMlab at Umea University, Sweden. Development and data ingestion is progressing in cooperation with The Laboratory for Ceramic Research and the National Laboratory for Wood Anatomy and Dendrochronology at Lund University, Sweden, the Archaeological Research Laboratory, Stockholm University, the Geoarchaeological Laboratory, Swedish National Historical Museums Agency and several international partners and research projects. Current plans include expanding its capacity to serve as a data source for any system and integration with the Swedish National Heritage Board's information systems. SEAD is partnered with the Neotoma palaeoecology database (http://www.neotomadb.org) and a new initiative for building cyberinfrastructure for transdisciplinary research and visualization of the long-term human ecodynamics of the North Atlantic funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF).
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| 48. |
- Buckland, Philip I., 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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The Swedish Transport Administration’s Toolbox and its Potential in Archaeological and Cultural Heritage Survey : Including a brief review of remote sensing, prospection and geodata analysis methods for archaeology and cultural heritage
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report provides an overview of the main remote sensing methods and geodata types used in archaeological prospection and cultural heritage survey. Based on a literature review, it provides an initial survey of the state of the art nationally and internationally, followed by details on the potential usage of different methods in a Swedish context. The details include pros and cons of methods as well as information on considerations that should be taken into account when applying the methods in different situations. Examples are provided where relevant to explain specific details or illustrate important points. Particular attention has been paid to laser scanning (LiDAR) data due to its increasing prevalence and prominence in landscape and archaeological surveys.The report continues with a preliminary evaluation of the possibilities for using data provided by Swedish Transport Administration (Trafikverket), obtained for other stages of the planning process, in archaeological and cultural heritage work. Specifically, the report looks at a number of geodata types obtained from The Geological Survey of Sweden (Sveriges geologiska undersökning/SGU), a nature conservation survey in report form, a ground penetrating radar technical report, terrain laser scanning (LiDAR) and orthophotos (geometrically corrected aerial photographs). The SGU geodata consist of a number of Geographical Information System (GIS) layers describing bedrock and soil types, and the nature conservation survey included accompanying, but incomplete, GIS data. This section consists of concise descriptions of the potential of each group of GIS layers or data, and is complemented by brief, bullet point summaries along with additional technical information in Appendix 1. Comments have been made where additional, related, data sources would be useful. Swedish terms are included in parenthesis where the term differs significantly from the English equivalent.A final summary provides a compact overview of the main points of the report before providing some conclusions and ideas for further work. This is in turn followed by a list of ideas for enhancing the efficiency with which the types of data discussed can be used in infrastructure projects which have a potential to impact on archaeology/cultural heritage.References are provided to support important or potentially contentious points or where further reading or research would be advised for a more comprehensive understanding of relevant issues.
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| 49. |
- Buckland, Philip I., Dr. 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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To tree, or not to tree? On the Empirical Basis for Having Past Landscapes to Experience
- 2018
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Ingår i: Digital Humanities Quarterly. - : The Alliance of Digital Humanities Organizations (ADHO). - 1938-4122. ; 12:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This article provides an overview of some of the complex issues involved in reconstructing and visualizing past landscapes. It discusses the importance of empirical data and introduces some of the terminology necessary for understanding methods which are often considered more in the domain of the natural sciences than humanities. Current methods and practices are put in the context of environmental archaeology, archaeological theory and heritage management as well as related, briefly, to the broader context of archaeological theory, practice and research data infrastructure. Finally, some examples and pointers for the future are given in the hope that the article may provide a point of reference for those looking to gain an entry point into the study of past landscapes, and understand their relevance in archaeological visualisation.
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| 50. |
- Edvardsson, Johannes, et al.
(författare)
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Old wood in a new light : an online dendrochronological database
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Wood Culture. - : Brill Academic Publishers. - 2772-3194 .- 2772-3186. ; 3:1-3, s. 442-463
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Old Wood in a New Light database project focuses on the digitization and accessibility of the results of dendrochronological samples analyzed and archived at four Swedish university-based tree-ring laboratories at Lund University, Stockholm University, University of Gothenburg, and the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Collaboration with the Environmental Archaeology Laboratory and Humlab at Umeå University enables long-term open access to data, raw data, and metadata. In this project, we (1) systematically undertake large-scale entry and open access publication of results from wood samples scientifically analyzed and archived by Swedish laboratories and the associated metadata, into the Strategic Environmental Archaeology Database (SEAD; www.sead.se) research data infrastructure, and (2) actively promote the database as a resource for new and ongoing interdisciplinary research initiatives. Including dendrochronological data in SEAD infrastructure allows interdisciplinary studies that combine major scientific and societal questions. Building on a pilot study of construction timber from southern Sweden and adaptation of SEAD digitization workflows, more than 70 000 samples archived at the four dendrochronological laboratories are now being handled in the project. The broad coverage of research networks, stakeholder interaction, and strategic support from the cultural heritage community is guaranteed owing to the ongoing collaboration between laboratories and an established international and multidisciplinary reference group.
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