| 1. |
- Schael, S, et al.
(författare)
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Precision electroweak measurements on the Z resonance
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physics Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 427:5-6, s. 257-454
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the final electroweak measurements performed with data taken at the Z resonance by the experiments operating at the electron-positron colliders SLC and LEP. The data consist of 17 million Z decays accumulated by the ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL experiments at LEP, and 600 thousand Z decays by the SLID experiment using a polarised beam at SLC. The measurements include cross-sections, forward-backward asymmetries and polarised asymmetries. The mass and width of the Z boson, m(Z) and Gamma(Z), and its couplings to fermions, for example the p parameter and the effective electroweak mixing angle for leptons, are precisely measured: m(Z) = 91.1875 +/- 0.0021 GeV, Gamma(Z) = 2.4952 +/- 0.0023 GeV, rho(l) = 1.0050 +/- 0.0010, sin(2)theta(eff)(lept) = 0.23153 +/- 0.00016. The number of light neutrino species is determined to be 2.9840 +/- 0.0082, in agreement with the three observed generations of fundamental fermions. The results are compared to the predictions of the Standard Model (SM). At the Z-pole, electroweak radiative corrections beyond the running of the QED and QCD coupling constants are observed with a significance of five standard deviations, and in agreement with the Standard Model. Of the many Z-pole measurements, the forward-backward asymmetry in b-quark production shows the largest difference with respect to its SM expectation, at the level of 2.8 standard deviations. Through radiative corrections evaluated in the framework of the Standard Model, the Z-pole data are also used to predict the mass of the top quark, m(t) = 173(+10)(+13) GeV, and the mass of the W boson, m(W) = 80.363 +/- 0.032 GeV. These indirect constraints are compared to the direct measurements, providing a stringent test of the SM. Using in addition the direct measurements of m(t) and m(W), the mass of the as yet unobserved SM Higgs boson is predicted with a relative uncertainty of about 50% and found to be less than 285 GeV at 95% confidence level. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Laheij, Amga, et al.
(författare)
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Microbial changes in relation to oral mucositis in autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this prospective, two center study was to investigate the dynamics of the microbial changes in relation to the development of ulcerative oral mucositis in autologous SCT (autoSCT) recipients. Fifty-one patients were diagnosed with multiple myeloma and treated with high-dose melphalan followed by autoSCT. They were evaluated before, three times weekly during hospitalization, and three months after autoSCT. At each time point an oral rinse was collected and the presence or absence of ulcerative oral mucositis (UOM) was scored (WHO scale). Oral microbiome was determined by using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and fungal load by qPCR. Twenty patients (39%) developed UOM. The oral microbiome changed significantly after autoSCT and returned to pre-autoSCT composition after three months. However, changes in microbial diversity and similarity were more pronounced and rapid in patients who developed UOM compared to patients who did not. Already before autoSCT, different taxa discriminated between the 2 groups, suggesting microbially-driven risk factors. Samples with high fungal load (>0.1%) had a significantly different microbial profile from samples without fungi. In conclusion, autoSCT induced significant and reversible changes in the oral microbiome, while patients who did not develop ulcerative oral mucositis had a more resilient microbial ecosystem.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Laheij, Amga, et al.
(författare)
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Long-Term Analysis of Resilience of the Oral Microbiome in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients
- 2022
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Ingår i: Microorganisms. - : MDPI AG. - 2076-2607. ; 10:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stem cell transplantation (SCT) is associated with oral microbial dysbiosis. However, long-term longitudinal data are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to longitudinally assess the oral microbiome in SCT patients and to determine if changes are associated with oral mucositis and oral chronic graft-versus-host disease. Fifty allogeneic SCT recipients treated in two Dutch university hospitals were prospectively followed, starting at pre-SCT, weekly during hospitalization, and at 3, 6, 12, and 18 months after SCT. Oral rinsing samples were taken, and oral mucositis (WHO score) and oral chronic graft-versus-host disease (NIH score) were assessed. The oral microbiome diversity (Shannon index) and composition significantly changed after SCT and returned to pre-treatment levels from 3 months after SCT. Oral mucositis was associated with a more pronounced decrease in microbial diversity and with several disease-associated genera, such as Mycobacterium, Staphylococcus, and Enterococcus. On the other hand, microbiome diversity and composition were not associated with oral chronic graft-versus-host disease. To conclude, dysbiosis of the oral microbiome occurred directly after SCT but recovered after 3 months. Diversity and composition were related to oral mucositis but not to oral chronic graft-versus-host disease.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- De Jonge, L.P., et al.
(författare)
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Flux response of glycolysis and storage metabolism during rapid feast/famine conditions in Penicillium chrysogenum using dynamic 13C labeling
- 2014
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Ingår i: Biotechnology journal. - : Wiley. - 1860-6768 .- 1860-7314. ; 9:3, s. 372-385
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The scale-up of fermentation processes frequently leads to a reduced productivity compared to small-scale screening experiments. Large-scale mixing limitations that lead to gradients in substrate and oxygen availability could influence the microorganism performance. Here, the impact of substrate gradients on a penicillin G producing Penicillium chrysogenum cultivation was analyzed using an intermittent glucose feeding regime. The intermittent feeding led to fluctuations in the extracellular glucose concentration between 400 μM down to 6.5 μM at the end of the cycle. The intracellular metabolite concentrations responded strongly and showed up to 100-fold changes. The intracellular flux changes were estimated on the basis of dynamic 13C mass isotopomer measurements during three cycles of feast and famine using a novel hybrid modeling approach. The flux estimations indicated a high turnover of internal and external storage metabolites in P. chrysogenum under feast/famine conditions. The synthesis and degradation of storage requires cellular energy (ATP and UTP) in competition with other cellular functions including product formation. Especially, 38% of the incoming glucose was recycled once in storage metabolism. This result indicated that storage turnover is increased under dynamic cultivation conditions and contributes to the observed decrease in productivity compared to reference steady-state conditions. © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
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| 9. |
- De Soet, Johannes J., et al.
(författare)
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The Highly Leukotoxic JP2 Genotype of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Is Present in the Population of the West African Island, Sal in Cape Verde : A Pilot Study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Pathogens. - Basel : MDPI. - 2076-0817. ; 11:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is strongly associated with severe periodontitis, possibly due to its production of a potent leukotoxin. A genetic variant, the JP2 genotype, was found to produce more leukotoxin than the wild type because of a mutation in the leukotoxin gene, and this genotype is frequently found in African populations. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this JP2 genotype can be found in a randomly selected group of inhabitants of Sal, Cape Verde. Twenty-nine adults between 20 and 59 years of age (58.6% female) participated, and information on their oral health and living standards was collected. An oral examination was performed for each participant, including DMF-T and CPI scores. Plaque and saliva samples were collected and transported to Europe, where DNA was isolated, and the concentration of A. actinomycetemcomitans and its JP2 genotype was determined using dedicated PCR analyses. All 29 plaque and 31% of the saliva samples harboured A. actinomycetemcomitans, and two participants were positive for the JP2 genotype. The presence of this JP2 genotype was not associated with either CPI or DMF-T. This pilot study is the first to describe the presence of the A. actinomycetemcomitans JP2 genotype in a Cape Verdean population living in the Cape Verde Islands, and the findings warrant further research.
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| 10. |
- Gao, Yongzhi, et al.
(författare)
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Potent Inhibition of Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase by Alkene-Linked Bisubstrate Mimics Bearing Electron Deficient Aromatics
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-2623 .- 1520-4804. ; 64:17, s. 12938-12963
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) methylates nicotinamide (vitamin B3) to generate 1-methylnicotinamide (MNA). NNMT overexpression has been linked to a variety of diseases, most prominently human cancers, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target. The development of small-molecule NNMT inhibitors has gained interest in recent years, with the most potent inhibitors sharing structural features based on elements of the nicotinamide substrate and the S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) cofactor. We here report the development of new bisubstrate inhibitors that include electron-deficient aromatic groups to mimic the nicotinamide moiety. In addition, a trans-alkene linker was found to be optimal for connecting the substrate and cofactor mimics in these inhibitors. The most potent NNMT inhibitor identified exhibits an IC50 value of 3.7 nM, placing it among the most active NNMT inhibitors reported to date. Complementary analytical techniques, modeling studies, and cell-based assays provide insights into the binding mode, affinity, and selectivity of these inhibitors.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Kloth, Karen J., et al.
(författare)
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SIEVE ELEMENT-LINING CHAPERONE1 Restricts Aphid Feeding on Arabidopsis during Heat Stress
- 2017
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Ingår i: The Plant Cell. - : AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS. - 1040-4651 .- 1532-298X. ; 29:10, s. 2450-2464
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of phloem proteins in plant resistance to aphids is still largely elusive. By genome-wide association mapping of aphid behavior on 350 natural Arabidopsis thaliana accessions, we identified the small heat shock-like SIEVE ELEMENT-LINING CHAPERONE1 (SLI1). Detailed behavioral studies on near-isogenic and knockout lines showed that SLI1 impairs phloem feeding. Depending on the haplotype, aphids displayed a different duration of salivation in the phloem. On sli1 mutants, aphids prolonged their feeding sessions and ingested phloem at a higher rate than on wild-type plants. The largest phenotypic effects were observed at 26 degrees C, when SLI1 expression is upregulated. At this moderately high temperature, sli1 mutants suffered from retarded elongation of the inflorescence and impaired silique development. Fluorescent reporter fusions showed that SLI1 is confined to the margins of sieve elements where it lines the parietal layer and colocalizes in spherical bodies around mitochondria. This localization pattern is reminiscent of the clamp-like structures observed in previous ultrastructural studies of the phloem and shows that the parietal phloem layer plays an important role in plant resistance to aphids and heat stress.
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| 13. |
- Buijs, Arjen E., et al.
(författare)
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Active citizenship for urban green infrastructure : fostering the diversity and dynamics of citizen contributions through mosaic governance
- 2016
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-3435 .- 1877-3443. ; 22, s. 1-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Active citizens may contribute to the environmental, social, and institutional resilience of cities. This review discusses how citizen initiatives protect biodiversity hotspots, contribute to social cohesion, institutional innovation, and diversity in urban green space management. Challenges related to social inclusiveness, ecological connectivity and continuity suggest government involvement is pertinent, but needs to be refocused. To maximise environmental outcomes of active citizenship, governments may adopt an enabling and stimulating governance style that harnesses the transformative potential of active citizenship. This paper argues for mosaic governance to work with the heterogeneous array of people, institutions, and spatial practices associated with active citizenship. Mosaic governance aims for a context-sensitive way of urban green infrastructure planning, enhancing relationships between the diversity of landscapes and communities across cities.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Buijs, J, et al.
(författare)
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Conformational stability of adsorbed insulin studied with mass spectrometry and hydrogen exchange
- 1999
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Ingår i: ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 0003-2700. ; 71:15, s. 3219-3225
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A new method is described for direct monitoring of the conformational stability of proteins that are physically adsorbed from solution onto a solid substrate. The adsorption-induced conformational changes of insulin are studied using a combination of hydr
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| 16. |
- Buijs, J, et al.
(författare)
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Inter- and intra-molecular migration of peptide amide hydrogens during electrospray ionization
- 2001
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 1044-0305. ; 12:4, s. 410-419
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The isotopic exchange of amide hydrogens in proteins in solution strongly depends on the surrounding protein structure, thereby allowing structural studies of proteins by mass spectrometry. However, during electrospray ionization (ESI), gas phase processe
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Buijs, J, et al.
(författare)
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SPR-MS in Functional Proteomics
- 2005
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Ingår i: Briefings in Functional Genomics and Proteomics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1473-9550 .- 1477-4062. ; 4:1, s. 39-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mapping of protein networks and the establishment of the functional relationships between expressed proteins and their effects on cellular processes represents a great challenge for functional or interaction proteomics. The combination of surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based technology with mass spectrometry (MS) has created a unique analytical tool for functional proteomics investigations. Proteins are affinity purified, quantified and characterised in terms of their interactions, while the mass spectrometer identifies and structurally characterises the biomolecules. Recent developments have led to a closer integration of these key technologies, providing a combined approach which enables identification of proteins selected on the basis of their functional binding criteria. In addition to a historical overview of this field, some recent detailed examples of combined SPR-MS approaches will be reviewed in a number of key application areas, including ligand fishing, peptide sequence and post-translational modification analysis by SPR-MS/MS and enzyme inhibitor screening.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Larsericsdotter, Helén, et al.
(författare)
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Optimizing the surface plasmon resonance/mass spectrometry interface for functional proteomics applications : How to avoid and utilize nonspecific adsorption
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proteomics. - : Wiley. - 1615-9853 .- 1615-9861. ; 6:8, s. 2355-2364
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A great challenge in functional or interaction proteomics is to map protein networks and establish a functional relationship between expressed proteins and their effects on cellular processes. These cellular processes can be studied by characterizing binding partners to a "bait" protein against a complex background of other molecules present in cells, tissues, or biological fluids. This so-called ligand fishing process can be performed by combining surface plasmon resonance biosensors with MS. This combination generates a unique and automated method to quantify and characterize biomolecular interactions, and identify the interaction partners. A general problem in chip-based affinity separation systems is the large surface-to-volume ratio of the fluidic system. Extreme care, therefore, is required to avoid nonspecific adsorption, resulting in losses of the target protein and carry-over during the affinity purification process, which may lead to unwanted signals in the final MS analysis and a reduction in sensitivity. In this study, carry-over of protein and low-molecular weight substances has been investigated systematically and cleaning strategies are presented. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that by the introduction of colloidal particles as a capturing and transporting agent, the recovery yield of the affinity-purified ligand could be improved nearly twofold.
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| 23. |
- Larsericsdotter, H, et al.
(författare)
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Thermodynamic analysis of proteins adsorbed on silica particles: Electrostatic effects
- 2001
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE. - : ACADEMIC PRESS INC. - 0021-9797. ; 237:1, s. 98-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrostatic effects on protein adsorption were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and adsorption isotherms, The thermal denaturation of lysozyme, ribonuclease A (RNase), and alpha -lactalbumin in solution and adsorbed onto silica
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| 24. |
- Larseriksdotter, Helén, et al.
(författare)
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Optimizing the surface plasmon resonance/mass spectrometry interface for functional proteomics applications
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proteomics. - 1615-9853. ; 6:8, s. 2355-2364
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A great challenge in functional or interaction proteomics is to map protein networks and establish a functional relationship between expressed proteins and their effects on cellular processes. These cellular processes can be studied by characterizing binding partners to a "bait" protein against a complex background of other molecules present in cells, tissues, or biological fluids. This so-called ligand fishing process can be performed by combining surface plasmon resonance biosensors with MS. This combination generates a unique and automated method to quantify and characterize biomolecular interactions, and identify the interaction partners. A general problem in chip-based affinity separation systems is the large surface-to-volume ratio of the fluidic system. Extreme care, therefore, is required to avoid nonspecific adsorption, resulting in losses of the target protein and carry-over during the affinity purification process, which may lead to unwanted signals in the final MS analysis and a reduction in sensitivity. In this study, carry-over of protein and low-molecular weight substances has been investigated systematically and cleaning strategies are presented. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that by the introduction of colloidal particles as a capturing and transporting agent, the recovery yield of the affinity-purified ligand could be improved nearly twofold.
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| 25. |
- Lingström, Peter, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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The anticaries effect of a food extract (shiitake) in a short-term clinical study.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1110-7251 .- 1110-7243. ; 2012
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main objective was to investigate whether low-molecular-weight fraction of edible mushroom shiitake extract (Lentinus edodes) possesses caries-preventive properties. The study was designed as a double-blind, three-leg, cross-over, randomized, controlled clinical trial carried out on two series of volunteers at the University of Gothenburg, and the Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam. Volunteers rinsed twice daily with a solution containing low-molecular-weight fraction of edible mushroom, placebo (negative control without active ingredients), or Meridol (positive control, AmF-SnF(2)) for two weeks, with a two-week washout period between each rinsing period. Changes in the acidogenicity of dental plaque before and after a sucrose challenge, shifts in microbial composition, and plaque scores were determined. Frequent rinses with shiitake reduced the metabolic activity of dental plaque. No reduction of plaque scores and no inhibition of the production of organic acids in plaque was found. Minor differences in microbial composition between test sessions were found. To conclude, the results indicate that shiitake extract has anticariogenic potential, but not to the same extent as the positive control.
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| 26. |
- Mannaa, Alaa, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of high-fluoride dentifrice (5,000-ppm) on caries-related plaque and salivary variables.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Clinical Oral Investigations. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-6981 .- 1436-3771. ; 18:5, s. 1419-1426
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to measure the effects of a 5,000-ppmF toothpaste on caries-related factors in dental plaque and saliva. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 6-week clinical trial was designed with a total of 34 participants, of which 26 completed the study. The participants were assessed on four visits, 2 weeks apart. Sampling of approximal fluid for fluoride analysis and approximal plaque for organic acid analysis was performed. Chair-side tests were performed to register the lactic acid production rate on the tongue using Clinpro™ Cario L-Pop™, approximal plaque pH using the pH "strip method" and salivary buffer capacity and counts of cariogenic microorganisms using CRT Buffer® and CRT Bacteria®. RESULTS: Six weeks' use of 5,000-ppm fluoridated (F) toothpaste significantly increased the approximal fluid F concentration (p<0.05). There was a significant decrease in lactic acid production rate on the tongue assessed by Clinpro™ (p<0.05). This was accompanied by changes in interproximal plaque acidogenicity, including significant reductions in AUC5.7, AUC6.2 and maximum pH fall and an increase in minimum pH (p<0.05). A significant increase in the salivary buffer capacity and a reduction in the salivary mutans streptococci were observed (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates the ability of 5,000-ppm F toothpaste to modify caries-related factors in dental plaque and saliva. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The 5,000-ppm F toothpaste could be regarded as a possible effective regimen against caries in the near future
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| 27. |
- Nethe, A, et al.
(författare)
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Existing policies, regulation, legislation and ongoing health promotion activities related to physical activity and nutrition in pre-primary education settings : an overview
- 2012
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Ingår i: Obesity Reviews. - 1467-7881 .- 1467-789X. ; 13:suppl 1, s. 118-128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obesity prevention efforts for school-aged children and adolescents are increasing in number. However, little has been done to address the problem in the preschool age. To address this age group, an evidence-based preschool programme on physical activity (PA) and nutrition is developed within the ToyBox project. Environmental influencing factors such as policies and competitive health promotion activities could inhibit or induce a successful health promotion programme. This paper describes an overview of existing policies, legislation and/or regulations and health promotion activities in the preschool setting. Method: data were gathered on policies and activities aiming to improve healthy eating and PA of young children (age group 4-6 years) in Belgium-Flanders, Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, Poland and Spain. A limited number of influencing policies, regulations and/or legislation exists; agenda setting of health promotion and policy evaluations in all relevant policy areas was lacking. Also, health promotion activities in preschool the setting did not exist in all six European countries and high-quality preschool-based health interventions existed in three of the six ToyBox countries.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Norde, Willem, et al.
(författare)
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Adsorption of globular proteins
- 2005
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Ingår i: Fundamentals of Interface and Colloid Science. - : Academic Press. - 0124605303
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 31. |
- Nordling, Sofia, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced protection of the renal vascular endothelium improves early outcome in kidney transplantation : Preclinical investigations in pig and mouse
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ischemia reperfusion injury is one of the major complications responsible for delayed graft function in kidney transplantation. Applications to reduce reperfusion injury are essential due to the widespread use of kidneys from deceased organ donors where the risk for delayed graft function is especially prominent. We have recently shown that coating of inflamed or damaged endothelial cells with a unique heparin conjugate reduces thrombosis and leukocyte recruitment. In this study we evaluated the binding capacity of the heparin conjugate to cultured human endothelial cells, to kidneys from brain-dead porcine donors, and to murine kidneys during static cold storage. The heparin conjugate was able to stably bind cultured endothelial cells with high avidity, and to the renal vasculature of explanted kidneys from pigs and mice. Treatment of murine kidneys prior to transplantation reduced platelet deposition and leukocyte infiltration 24 hours post-transplantation, and significantly improved graft function. The present study thus shows the benefits of enhanced protection of the renal vasculature during cold storage, whereby increasing the antithrombotic and anti-adhesive properties of the vascular endothelium yields improved renal function early after transplantation.
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| 32. |
- Yakes, B. J., et al.
(författare)
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Surface plasmon resonance biosensing : Approaches for screening and characterising antibodies for food diagnostics
- 2016
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Ingår i: Talanta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0039-9140 .- 1873-3573. ; 156-157, s. 55-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research in biosensing approaches as alternative techniques for food diagnostics for the detection of chemical contaminants and foodborne pathogens has increased over the last twenty years. The key component of such tests is the biorecognition element whereby polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies still dominate the market. Traditionally the screening of sera or cell culture media for the selection of polyclonal or monoclonal candidate antibodies respectively has been performed by enzyme immunoassays. For niche toxin compounds, enzyme immunoassays can be expensive and/or prohibitive methodologies for antibody production due to limitations in toxin supply for conjugate production. Automated, self-regenerating, chip-based biosensors proven in food diagnostics may be utilised as rapid screening tools for antibody candidate selection. This work describes the use of both single channel and multi-channel surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors for the selection and characterisation of antibodies, and their evaluation in shellfish tissue as standard techniques for the detection of domoic acid, as a model toxin compound. The key advantages in the use of these biosensor techniques for screening hybridomas in monoclonal antibody production were the real time observation of molecular interaction and rapid turnaround time in analysis compared to enzyme immunoassays. The multichannel prototype instrument was superior with 96 analyses completed in 2 h compared to 12 h for the single channel and over 24 h for the ELISA immunoassay. Antibodies of high sensitivity, IC50's ranging from 4.8 to 6.9 ng/mL for monoclonal and 2.3-6.0 ng/mL for polyclonal, for the detection of domoic acid in a 1 min analysis time were selected. Although there is a progression for biosensor technology towards low cost, multiplexed portable diagnostics for the food industry, there remains a place for laboratory-based SPR instrumentation for antibody development for food diagnostics as shown herein.
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| 33. |
- Zaura, Egija, et al.
(författare)
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The effects of fractions from shiitake mushroom on composition and cariogenicity of dental plaque microcosms in an in vitro caries model.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1110-7251 .- 1110-7243. ; 2011
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the current study was to investigate the anticariogenic potential of the (sub)fractions obtained from the edible mushroom shiitake (Lentinula edodes) in in vitro caries model. We used a modified constant depth film fermentor (CDFF) with pooled saliva as the inoculum and bovine dentin as a substratum. The test compounds were low molecular weight fraction (MLMW) of the shiitake extract and subfractions 4 and 5 (SF4 and SF5) of this fraction. Chlorhexidine (CHX) and water served as a positive and a negative control, respectively. Dentin mineral loss was quantified (TMR), microbial shifts within the microcosms were determined (qPCR), and the acidogenicity of the microcosms was assessed (CIA). From the compounds tested, the SF4 of shiitake showed strong inhibiting effect on dentin demineralization and induced microbial shifts that could be associated with oral health. The acid producing potential was increased, suggesting uncoupling of the glycolysis of the microbiota by the exposure to SF4. In conclusion, the results suggest that SF4 of shiitake has an anticariogenic potential.
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