| 1. |
- Persson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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How Will the Emerging Plurality of Lives Change? : How We Conceive of and Relate to Life?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Challenges. - : MDPI AG. - 2078-1547.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The project “A Plurality of Lives” was funded and hosted by the Pufendorf Institute for Advanced Studies at Lund University, Sweden. The aim of the project was to better understand how a second origin of life, either in the form of a discovery of extraterrestrial life, life developed in a laboratory, or machines equipped with abilities previously only ascribed to living beings, will change how we understand and relate to life. Because of the inherently interdisciplinary nature of the project aim, the project took an interdisciplinary approach with a research group made up of 12 senior researchers representing 12 different disciplines. The project resulted in a joint volume, an international symposium, several new projects, and a network of researchers in the field, all continuing to communicate about and advance the aim of the project.
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| 2. |
- Barratt, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Does the Kuleshov effect really exist? Revisiting a classic film experiment on facial expressions and emotional contexts
- 2016
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Ingår i: Perception. - : SAGE Publications. - 0301-0066 .- 1468-4233. ; 45:8, s. 847-874
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- According to film mythology, the Soviet filmmaker Lev Kuleshov conducted an experiment in which he combined a close-up of an actor’s neutral face with three different emotional contexts: happiness, sadness, and hunger. The viewers of the three film sequences reportedly perceived the actor’s face as expressing an emotion congruent with the given context. It is not clear, however, whether or not the so-called “Kuleshov effect” really exists. The original film footage is lost and recent attempts at replication have produced either conflicting or unreliable results. The current paper describes an attempt to replicate Kuleshov’s original experiment using an improved experimental design. In a behavioral and eye tracking study, 36 participants were each presented with 24 film sequences of neutral faces across six emotional conditions. For each film sequence, the participants were asked to evaluate the emotion of the target person in terms of valence, arousal, and category. The participants’ eye movements were recorded throughout. The results suggest that some sort of Kuleshov effect does in fact exist. For each emotional condition, the participants tended to choose the appropriate category more frequently than the alternative options, while the answers to the valence and arousal questions also went in the expected directions. The eye tracking data showed how the participants attended to different regions of the target person’s face (in light of the intermediate context), but did not reveal the expected differences between the emotional conditions.
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| 3. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna
(författare)
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An Inquiry into Cultural Semiotics: Germaine de Staël's Autobiographical Travel Accounts
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Cultural semiotics studies encounters between cultures. Notions such as Culture, Extra-culture and Non-culture were developed in the 1970s by the Tartu school and were used in their studies of Russian culture and its relation to Western Europe, with special focus on Peter the Great's attempt to Westernize Russia in the eighteenth century. The aim of this dissertation in cultural semiotics is to further develop existing models in the field by confronting them with new empirical data. In this connection Göran Sonesson's extended model of cultural semiotics has turned out to be especially useful. Concerning the empirical source material, the choice of Mme de Staël's autobiographical travel accounts from her years in exile (by order of Napoleon) between 1803 and 1812 has proved to be fruitful for the task that has been staked out for this inquiry. Hence, in the second place, this dissertation in cultural semiotics also aims at shedding some light on Mme de Staël's life and her times during those years. By linking insights made by Alfred Schutz in his phenomenological sociology to those made in cultural semiotics, the importance of culture-bound types in human encounters has become clear. This is shown very neatly by Germaine de Staël's travel accounts, in particular when her own writings are confronted with the description of the same encounters by somebody else. Mme de Staël's writings were a result of being ideologically influenced by other texts, notably by authors of the Enlightenment. James V. Wertsch's theory (based on Bakhtin and Vygotsky among others) of written texts has been helpful when studying Mme de Staël's literary influences. Also, insights made by the Prague school have been equally important since they have pointed to the essential role of the receiver in the process of giving meaning to an artwork. Hence, the artist is influenced by the implied receiver in the making of the artwork. The main conclusion drawn in this inquiry is that willingness and ability to establish a dialogue in cultural encounters is crucial for the understanding and/or appreciation of the Other. Germaine de Staël's point of departure in her cross-cultural meetings, as described in the writings by her and by others engaged in dialogue, was always the France she loved and identified with: the Parisian culture of salons at the end of the eighteenth century.
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| 4. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Applying cartosemiotics to rock art : An example from Aspeberget, Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: Social Semiotics. - Abingdon-on-Thames : Taylor & Francis. - 1035-0330 .- 1470-1219. ; 29:4, s. 543-556
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims to shed new light on the petroglyphs found at the site of Aspeberget 12 at the World Heritage site of Tanum, Sweden, from a semiotic perspective. We demonstrate the semiotics of power inherent in the arrangement of the petroglyphs. We start by describing the site in an archaeological way, in order to give an overview of the empirical material used in this case study. Against the backdrop of the overview, we introduce our analytical tools with reference to cartosemiotics, cultural semiotics and, Charles Sanders Peirce’s theory of signs. We suggest, in a tentative conclusion, that Aspeberget 12, as a type of“map”, displays a clear“Ego-culture”and a possible journey. We also suggest that the visual narratives at Aspeberget 12 represent the authority of the Ego-culture and its development. Details of thefigurative images such as ships, axes and spears might have been displayed as markers of the high technological standard of the Ego-culture, and thus of power.
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| 5. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna
(författare)
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Cognition and stereotypes in Guess Who is Coming to Dinner : a semiotic and social psychological perspective
- 2013
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Ingår i: Southern Semiotic Review. - 2202-2783. ; :2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 50 years ago, on June 11, 1963 president John F Kennedy, in live television, gave his commemorated speech to the American people where he declared his demand for civil rights for all Americans. The film Guess who is coming to dinner (Stanley Kramer, 1967) was an attempt to raise this question again by bringing up the topic of interracial marriage. This essay aims at studying how this is done, by scrutinizing the norms and stereotypes used in the film, verbally and non-verbally, by using theories and methods from three fields: cognitive cultural semiotics, social psychology and film.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna
(författare)
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Det förflutna upprepar sig
- 2020
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Ingår i: Axess magasin. ; Oktober:7, s. 66-67
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Under de senaste åren har västeuropeiska bedömare uttryckt oro över utvecklingen i Ungern och Polen. En ny spricka mellan Väst- och Östeuropa har tagit form, vilket märktes till exempel i samband med valet till Europaparlamentet förra året. Inte minst uppfattas Ungerns premiärminister Viktor Orbán och Frankrikes president Emmanuel Macron som representanter för ett östligt, bakåtblickande respektive ett västligt, progressivt Europa.Den kände Ungerskfödde journalisten och författaren Paul Lendvai publicerade 2019 en artikel med titeln ”The transformer. Orbán’s evolution and Hungary’s demise” i tidskriften Foreign Affairs. Han menar där att inte sedan murens fall 1989 har framtidsutsikterna för upplysningens liberala värderingar sett så dystra ut och syftade på bland annat maktbalansen och medias oberoende. Han är långt ifrån ensam om den bedömningen.Konflikten mellan öst och väst är förknippad med kalla kriget men kan föras längre tillbaka i historien. Under 1700-talet mötte ett västligt Europa, påverkat av upplysningsfilosofin, och ett östligt, ”orientaliskt” Europa för första gången.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna
(författare)
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Film, music and experimental psychology : reflections and further directions
- 2015
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Ingår i: Music and the Moving Image. - : University of Illinois Press. - 2167-8464 .- 1940-7610. ; 8:2, s. 81-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The final session of the two-day long Workshop on Film Music and Experimental Methods. How does Film Music Mean? took the form of a round table discussion. The exchange of views circled around the question of how experimental psychology might help to explain what film does and how it conveys meaning.
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| 11. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Germaine de Staël and the narrative(s) of her alter-ego Corinne : The example of Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun’s portrait
- 2019
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Ingår i: Matters of Telling : The Impulse of the Story - The Impulse of the Story. - : BRILL. - 1570-7113. - 9789004387683 ; 115, s. 68-78
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swiss/French writer and political thinker Germaine de Staël (1766–1817) was the daughter of Mme and M. Necker. Her father had been Minister of finance before the revolution and her mother used to host of one most important salons in Paris. Mme de Staël, as she was called after the marriage in 1786 with the Swedish ambassador to France, Carl-Magnus de Staël von Holstein, was thus born into one of the most illustrious circles of Parisian cultural and political elite. Germaine’s political ideas and background made her a target for Napoleon’s animosity. This resentment between the two affected her self-perception, which was based on her idea of representing the French culture, or even the genius of it. However, that self-image might have been a ‘mask’ hiding de Staël’s true longings, to be loved as a person and woman, at the time incompatible with being a ‘genius’, a concept reserved for men.Germaine never stopped struggling for merging the two poles of her personality, the creation of an alter-ego, the ‘genius’ Corinne, might have been an attempt to solve this issue. In 1807 Germaine de Staël published a novel with the titleCorinne, or Italy. Her possible attempt to solve an inner conflict is a question that this chapter addresses, by analysing Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun’s (1755–1842) portrait Portait of Mme de Staël as Corinne on Cap Misenum (1808–1809). In the portrait two narratives seem to meet and compete about what it is to be a woman, and to be a genius.
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| 12. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna
(författare)
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Germaine de Staël’s Réflexions sur le procès de la reine : An act of compassion?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Semiotica. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0037-1998 .- 1613-3692. ; 2020:232, s. 41-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the foreword to the Mercure de France edition of de Staël. (1996 [1793]. Réflexions sur le procès de la reine. Paris: Mercure de France), Chantal Thomas, French historian and writer, writes that this apology in favor of Marie-Antoinette did not help the queen nor the author herself; on the contrary it only made the latter more unpopular. So why did Germaine de Staël write it? Mme de Staël and Marie-Antoinette did not share many interests; however, at the moment of The Women’s March on Versailles in October 1789, the situation had changed. It was at this moment, when Mme de Staël witnessed people’s hatred for the Queen, that she for the first time felt that she was on her side. She had the feeling that the Queen would be a victim to a public opinion that had been “manipulated” (Thomas. 1996. Preface. In Réflexions sur le procès de la reine, 7–14. Paris: Mercure de France: 12) in a systematic way, and to which she herself had been a victim. Pursuing some ideas formulated by Reddy (2000, 2001) and (Nussbaum, Martha C. 2001. Upheavals of thought: The intelligence of emotions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.) in their work on emotion and empathy in history and philosophy respectively, I hope to offer some suggestions, with the aid of cultural semiotics. More specifically I hope to be able to provide some answers to the question whether Mme de Staël’s apology might be regarded as an act of compassion.
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| 13. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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József Eötvös and the age of Hungarian reform
- 2004
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Ingår i: Modernisation and tradition. European local and manorial societies 1500-1900..
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The question at stake is to what extent could the Hungarian intelligentsia, here foremost represented by the author and political thinker József Eötvös, in the beginning of the 19th century, take in the ideas of the Enlightment and its notion of equality. By studying Eötvös' highly political novel "Village Notary" some conclusions are made regarding how Rousseau's political philosophy was understood in the Hungarian cultural and social context.
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| 14. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna
(författare)
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Kristina Fjelkestam, Det sublimas politik: emancipatorisk estetik i 1800-talets konstnärsromaner
- 2011
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Ingår i: Sjuttonhundratal: Nordic Journal for Eighteenth-Century Studies. - 1652-4772. ; , s. 307-314
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Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The review of Kristina Fjelkestam’s Det sublimas politik: emancipatorisk estetik i 1800-talets konstnärsromaner [Sublime politics: emancipatory aesthetics in nineteenth-century Künstlerromane] focuses on how the author makes use of the sublime as a means to connect three women writers use of the Künstlerromane in their political, emancipatory projects. On the other hand, the review also deals with Fjelkestam’s aim to develop the sublime as an analytical tool, in order to link aesthetics to the broader area of cultural theory. Fjelkestam’s main studies deal with three central artist’s novels written by and about women in the nineteenth century: Germaine de Staël’s Corinne ou l’Italie (1807), Fanny Lewald’s Jenny (1843) and Louisa May Alcott’s Little Women tetralogy (1868–1886).
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| 15. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Mme de Staël’s självbiografisk reseskildring från Tyskland: En ‘jagets’ genre?
- 2005
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Ingår i: Kulturstudier i Sverige. Nationell forskarkonferens.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Kultursemiotiken per se analyserar mötet mellan kulturer. Begrepp som ego-kultur, extrakultur och icke-kultur är centrala i undersökningar som syftar till att blottlägga den självbild en kultur gör av sig själv i mötet med en annan. Dessa begrepp har paralleller på individnivå med de personliga pronomina i språket. I den uppsats jag ämnar presentera kommer jag därför att koncentrera mig på en diskussion inom ramen för kultursemiotiken om ”jagets” tillblivelse, genom ett intersektionellt prisma bestående av främst religion, nationalitet och kön, i relation till en pilotstudie av Mme de Staëls självbiografiska reseskildring från Tyskland, där hon vistades ett par månader mellan 1803 och 1804. Frågor som berörs är: Skiftar Mme de Staëls självförståelse som kvinna, protestant och intellektuell i de olika sammanträffanden hon gör i Tyskland? Hur uppfattar hon sin egen komplicerade nationella tillhörighet i dessa möten? Mme de Staëls komplexa bakgrund gör hennes självbiografiska reseskildring särskilt intressant för en kultursemiotisk analys, som syftar till att förklara hennes mångskiftande självrepresentation.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna
(författare)
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Review of Language, Music, and the Brain : A Mysterious Relationship.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Psychomusicology: Music, Mind, and Brain. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0275-3987 .- 2162-1535. ; 24:3, s. 255-263
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Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Reviews the book, Language, Music, and the Brain: A Mysterious Relationship by Michael A. Arbib (2013). For the researcher, or for anyone interested in research using a multidisciplinary approach to the problem of the interrelations between language, music, and the brain, this anthology is at the same time a rich “Handbook of...” and “A Companion to....” As such the book ought to be a priceless resource on any reading list for master and graduate courses in a wide range of disciplines as, for instance, psycholinguistics, linguistics, psychomusicology, musicology, cognitive and evolutionary psychology, cognitive science, neuroscience, and cognitive semiotics. The book contains 21 chapters, divided into five parts (including the introduction) covering different aspects and proficiencies of the interrelations and evolution of language and music on the one hand, and the brain on the other. The disposition of the book is pedagogic, and the chapters and the themes of the book are well connected through the careful editing. Some chapters might be a bit more challenging than others, depending on previous knowledge but there is doubtlessly something for all interested readers in the book—parts of it, or the whole of it. The chapters are well integrated into a whole, and the overarching structure of the thematic organization into five parts further helps the reader to find her or his way through the pages.
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| 20. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna
(författare)
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Rhetoric in film: a cultural semiotical study of Greta Garbo in "Ninotchka".
- 2006
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Ingår i: Film International. - 1651-6826. ; 4:5, s. 52-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The essay shows how the interplay between Garbo's off screen and on screen personas were used in the making of "Ninotchka" (1939), and how the film, directed by Ernst Lubitsch, connected to contemporary social and cultural norms focusing on the understanding of gender types.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Seeing different motifs in one picture : Identifying ambiguous figures in South Scandinavian Bronze Age rock art
- 2020
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Ingår i: Cogent Arts & Humanities. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2331-1983. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ambiguous figures, as described in visual perceptual psychology, are single pictures that contain several possible, mutually exclusive, motifs. Some specific cases of images in South Scandinavian Bronze Age rock art can be fruitfully analysed as ambiguous figures. Furthermore, we argue that these images represent some sort of narrativity, which needs to be understood in order to make a perceptual switch between different motifs in one picture. Using a semiotic approach, we describe the experiential requirements on the perceiver for seeing the different motifs, which differ in their iconic complexity.
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| 23. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna
(författare)
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Semiotic aspects of Lacan’s notion of the Imaginary order : An inquiry into Spike Jonze’s film Her (2013)
- 2018
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Ingår i: Southern Semiotic Review. - 2202-2783. ; :9, s. 111-121
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fact that machines play an increasingly more important role in our daily life is hardly new to anyone. Robots help us with a wide range of things in our daily lives, the smartphone perhaps being the best illustration of this state of affairs. The debate among experts in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) is divided: is the rapid development good for humanity, or is it bad (Müller and Bostrom, 2016)? The focus of this article is to further explore the debate of the experts as illustrated in Spike Jonze’s science-fiction film Her (2013) which is telling the story about a man falling in love with his operative system. The analytic approach is semiotic by the way of Lacan’s interpretation of Peirce’s three categories in the development of his notion of the Imaginary order and its links to narcissism. The reason for addressing the problem this way, is the assumption that AI has, and will increasingly have, semiotic psychological implications for humans affecting our ways of communicating and our close relationships, to ourselves as well as to others. In short, the analyses of Her show that the film aligns with the part of the expert groups that believe that AI in a near future will have serious consequences for humans.
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| 24. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Semiotics, psychotherapy and Levinas’s ethics of “The Other”
- 2023
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Ingår i: Open semioitcs : Life and its Extensions - Life and its Extensions. - 9782140305313 ; 4, s. 277-290
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this chapter is to show how insights from semiotics cancontribute to psychotherapy, notably the one inspired by Emmanuel Levinas’sethics of the other. Important to this undertaking are Augusto Ponzio’ssemiotic analyses of the ethics of Levinas. Moreover, a study of the Peirceannotion of abduction has proved to be fruitful in the further understanding ofhow psychotherapy can benefit from semiotics.
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| 25. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna
(författare)
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Signs, Senses and Cognition: Lady Welby and Contemporary Semiotics
- 2013
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Ingår i: Semiotica. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0037-1998 .- 1613-3692. ; 196, s. 185-195
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Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Susan Petrilli discusses Victoria Welby (1837–1912) and the Signific movement in her book Signifying and Understanding. The disposition of the book is chronological and thematic, and Petrilli’s discussion connects Welby’s work with contemporary semiotics, as well as with the intellectual and scientific landscape of Welby’s own time. For instance, a selection of Welby’s vast correspondence with intellectuals, researchers and philosophers important to linguistics, semiotics, psychology and anthropology, to mention a few of her interests mirrored in the exchange of letters, is included in the book. The review aims at further connecting Welby’s work to semiotic research of the day, where phenomenological and modern cognitive influences are important.
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| 26. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Synen på människan som skapare av (o)mänskligt liv: Exemplet Mary Shellys Frankenstein, eller den moderna Prometeus
- 2017
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Ingår i: Liv. Utomjordiskt, syntetiskt, artificiellt. - 9789198439403 ; , s. 203-216
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Människans nyfikenhet och strävan att tänja på gränserna för att stilla vetgirigheten är inget nytt och kanske inte ens mest utmärkande för just vår tid. Dokumenterade källor från 1200-talet kan tjäna som goda exempel som stödjer ett sådant antagande. Mary Shelleys roman från början av 1800-talet, Frankenstein, eller moderne Prometeus, är kanske den än idag mest kända kommentaren till detta gränstänjande, som fått sin fortsättning i lite ny tappning i filmen och den vetenskapliga debatten.
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| 27. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna
(författare)
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The body as a sign
- 2005
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Ingår i: Heterogénesis: Revista de Artes Visuales. - 1103-1832.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- When does the body become a sign? By studying the importance of social norms in our understandings of gender and bodies, an argument can be made that mental processes (inner signs) are results of perpetual negociations with the world outside (outer signs). In some cases thus, gender is not perceived to coincide with the body and therefore certain bodily parts may be conceived as signs.
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| 28. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna
(författare)
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The Human Being as a Creator of (in) Human Life : The Example of Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein; or, the Modern Prometheus
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Human Dynamics. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2673-2726. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Humans have an inquiring mind. Throughout history, one may find documentation that shows on human curiosity, and our drive to stretch boundaries to satisfy it. Thus, this is not something that characterizes our time in any particular way. Sources, for instance, from the 13th century can serve as good examples that support such an assumption. Mary Shelley’s novel from the 19th century, “Frankenstein; or, the modern Prometheus,” might perhaps be the most known commentary to that boundary stretching, which continues in a slightly new form in the ongoing debate and the popular culture within the scientific community. Shelley’s narrative about the scientist Frankenstein and his Creature has continued to interest the audience. Through adaptations to film, the story has reached many new generations of cinema goers. However, new interpretations have altered some aspects the original message. Shelley’s conception of the monstrous was more complex than today when parts of the narrative have been downplayed and others have been upscaled.
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| 29. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna
(författare)
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Time and Translation
- 2011
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Ingår i: The Semiotic Review of Books. - 0847-1622. ; 19:3, s. 5-8
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Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Visual Perception—a matter of “filling in” the gaps
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings: Towards Cognitive Semiotics, Seventh Conference of the Nordic Association for Semiotic Studies, 6–8 May, 2011,Lund.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This presentation discusses how perception of pictures, of foremost faces, might be processed in the brain. Research in cognitive psychology suggests that pictures of faces are processed in to some extent specific areas of the brain (fusiform gyrus), than those showing other objects. Pictures of faces seem to be perceived in a holistic way, that is, dealt with in parallel (several features are processed at the same time). May ordinary pictures of faces, which are processed holistically (as Gestalt) also be said to be typical for iconic perception, in contrast to perception of index? We therefore also put the question: do we perceive so called Mooney-pictures of faces (which are flat and have only two intensity levels) in serial, and may we identify the process with perception of indexical signs? We will seek some tentative answers to those questions by relating to contemporary research in cognition and visual perception.
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| 33. |
- Klein, Richard A., et al.
(författare)
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Many Labs 2 : Investigating variation in replicability across samples and settings
- 2018
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Ingår i: Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science. - : SAGE Publications. - 2515-2459 .- 2515-2467. ; 1:4, s. 443-490
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We conducted preregistered replications of 28 classic and contemporary published findings, with protocols that were peer reviewed in advance, to examine variation in effect magnitudes across samples and settings. Each protocol was administered to approximately half of 125 samples that comprised 15,305 participants from 36 countries and territories. Using the conventional criterion of statistical significance (p < .05), we found that 15 (54%) of the replications provided evidence of a statistically significant effect in the same direction as the original finding. With a strict significance criterion (p < .0001), 14 (50%) of the replications still provided such evidence, a reflection of the extremely high-powered design. Seven (25%) of the replications yielded effect sizes larger than the original ones, and 21 (75%) yielded effect sizes smaller than the original ones. The median comparable Cohen’s ds were 0.60 for the original findings and 0.15 for the replications. The effect sizes were small (< 0.20) in 16 of the replications (57%), and 9 effects (32%) were in the direction opposite the direction of the original effect. Across settings, the Q statistic indicated significant heterogeneity in 11 (39%) of the replication effects, and most of those were among the findings with the largest overall effect sizes; only 1 effect that was near zero in the aggregate showed significant heterogeneity according to this measure. Only 1 effect had a tau value greater than .20, an indication of moderate heterogeneity. Eight others had tau values near or slightly above .10, an indication of slight heterogeneity. Moderation tests indicated that very little heterogeneity was attributable to the order in which the tasks were performed or whether the tasks were administered in lab versus online. Exploratory comparisons revealed little heterogeneity between Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) cultures and less WEIRD cultures (i.e., cultures with relatively high and low WEIRDness scores, respectively). Cumulatively, variability in the observed effect sizes was attributable more to the effect being studied than to the sample or setting in which it was studied.
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| 34. |
- Langkjær, Birger, et al.
(författare)
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Matching on action : Effects of action speed and viewpoint on perceived continuity across match-action film edits
- 2023
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Ingår i: Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 1931-3896 .- 1931-390X. ; 17:5, s. 553-561
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A match-action cut in feature films connects two shots of a single continuous movement. This type of editing often goes unnoticed and is arguably the most effective form of continuity editing. However, the literature offers little agreement on editing best practice and, by implication, on how our perceptual system deals with disjointed moving images. Studies have suggested that frames should overlap across the cut for the viewer to experience continuity, but also that leaving out frames is preferable, and even that viewers are unable to discriminate such detail. We conducted an experiment to investigate viewer preferences for match-action cuts, using type of cut as well as velocity of movement as predictors and number of overlapping/elliptical frames as the outcome variable. Thirty-nine participants determined the smoothest cut in eight film-clips in a within-subjects design. Surprisingly, we found that average viewer preferences were less than a single frame from a straight cut for all cut-types. We also found that velocity had a small but statistically significant effect on editing preferences. The preference for straight cuts found in the present study runs counter to the idea that perceived continuity across match-action cuts requires objective dis-continuity and suggests that the straight cut provides a simple rule of thumb for film editors. In addition, we interpret the conflicting results from previous studies together with our own findings based on a discrimination task of finding the optimal cut as indicating that human visual perception allows for a window of acceptable continuity cuts centered around the straight cut.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Ranta, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Levels of Narrativity in Scandinavian Bronze Age Petroglyphs
- 2019
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Ingår i: Cambridge Archaeological Journal. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1474-0540 .- 0959-7743. ; 29:3, s. 497-516
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Europe, Scandinavia holds the largest concentration of rock art (i.e. petroglyphs), created c. 5000–first century bc, many of them showing figurative and seemingly narrative representations. In this paper, we will discuss possible narratological approaches applied to these images. We might reasonably distinguish between three levels of pictorial narrativity: representations of (i) single events, understood as the transition from one state of affairs to another, usually involving (groups of) agents interacting; (ii) stories, e.g. particular sequences of related events that are situated in the past and retold for e.g. ideological or religious purposes; and (iii) by implication, master-narratives deeply embedded in a culture, which provide and consolidate cosmological explanations and social structures. Some concrete examples of petroglyphs will be presented and analysed from narratological and iconographical perspectives. We will as a point of departure focus on (i), i.e. single events, though we shall also further consider the possibility of narrative interpretations according to (ii) and (iii).
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| 37. |
- Skoglund, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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A Multisensory Approach to Rock Art : Exploring Tactile and Visual Dimensions in the Southern Scandinavian Rock Art Tradition
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0079-497X .- 2050-2729. ; 86, s. 95-110
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper discusses rock art in southern Scandinavia as a multisensory format, where both sight and touch would have contributed to the comprehension of the images. From a structural semiotic point of view, we suggest that rock art can be construed as an organised set of features, such as visual and tactile elements, organised into heterogeneous unities with dynamic relations between elements that can change over time with respect to how they are experienced. We argue that in order to understand the rock art medium, it is crucial to take into consideration the multisensory interaction between the perceiver and the qualities of the rock art surface. The reason for including tactile elements in our interpretation of the conception of rock art is the way it was created: by hands interacting with tools and rock surfaces, as well as the spontaneous human tendency to explore the physical world through touch. One can identify key features in the images that would arguably facilitate tactile recognition, as well as be better explained from a multisensorial perspective. This includes the position of the images on horizontal outcrops, the moderate size of the images, the application of an orthographic perspective, the use of ‘tactile markers’ (ie crucial features having a strategic function for understanding images by touch), and the occurrence of incomplete images. A multisensorial perspective on rock art furthermore has semiotic implications. Incomplete images, for example, can be understood as indexical stand-ins for the whole imagined picture, ie as iconic indices. A multisensorial approach to Scandinavian rock art thus allows for new explanations for certain design choices, as well as a new understanding of how the images could relay meaning to a perceiver.
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| 38. |
- Skoglund, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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A Narrative Turn : Human Agency in Rock Carvings at Nämforsen, Northern Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: Oxford Journal of Archaeology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0262-5253 .- 1468-0092. ; 42:4, s. 301-321
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The idea to create pictorial narratives seems to have occurred long after humans learned to produce iconic images, that is, depictions based on visual similarity to external objects. In Scandinavia, e.g. in Gärde, Sweden or Stykket and Bøla, Norway, early Mesolithic images (e.g. rock carvings from before c.5000 BCE) often feature animals that are solitary or without suggestion of causal or narrative relations to other figures, although they sometimes are grouped by proximity or are superimposed on each other. Notable is also the almost complete absence of human figures. However, in subsequent Neolithic configurations (after c.5000 BCE), there are renderings of human agents involved in various forms of interaction with each other or with animals, often within distinguishable ‘scenes’ or compositions.In this paper we outline the emergence of pictorial narratives in Scandinavian rock carvings. In particular, we focus on some of the first depictions of human agency as displayed in Nämforsen, Sweden (c.5000–1800 BCE). Further, we present an analysis of occurring human-animal relationships, interpretable as early attempts to create narrativizing images.
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| 39. |
- Skoglund, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Narrative Aspects of Images of Spear Use in Scandinavian Rock Carvings
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of Archaeology. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1461-9571 .- 1741-2722.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Researchers have long discussed whether Scandinavian rock art reflects narratives. Their interpretations have frequently been based on inspections of rock art panels combined with knowledge from ethnographic and historical sources. Here, the authors adopt a more focused narratological approach that takes the concept of (visual) narrativity into consideration and draws on studies by literary analysts, cognitive psychologists, and semioticians. Images of spear use in the provinces of Bohuslän and Östergötland in Sweden, given their diversity and indexical qualities, are well-suited to such a study. They reveal different kinds of indexical relationships, i.e. how the spears direct attention to possible targets, arguably corresponding to action scripts well-known to Bronze Age communities. Many spear images may be regarded as mini-narratives and mnemonic devices intended to represent schematized action sequences. The authors suggest that concepts such as iconicity, indexical relationships, scripts, and mini-narratives could be fruitfully employed in research on Scandinavian rock art and beyond.
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