| 1. |
- Boman, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Syndromic Surveillance in the United Arab Emirates
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Conference on Innovations in Information Technology (IIT), 2012. - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781467311014 ; , s. 31-35
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Opportunities for innovation in view of three complex problems faced by the UAE health care providers are described. The information dissemination problem faced could be approached by creating new channels for providing the population with public health information. These channels are precisely the ones typically used in so-called syndromic surveillance, including care-related data from communicable disease spread indicators, but also tweets and blog posts, for example. Syndromic surveillance could likewise assist the health authorities in addressing the knowledge elicitation problem: how to get more information on the life style, self care, and prevention among individual citizens. To some extent the prediction problem—how to predict the spread of infectious disease in the future and how to mathematically model social behaviour in the case of various health-threatening scenarios—would also be addressed by syndromic surveillance. Fully employed, the solutions proposed would provide new ICT services enabling preparedness for many forms of communicable disease outbreaks, as well as for natural disasters.
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| 2. |
- Brouwers, Lisa, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Economic consequences to society of pandemic H1N1 influenza 2009 : preliminary results for Sweden
- 2009
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Ingår i: Eurosurveillance. - : European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC). - 1025-496X .- 1560-7917. ; 14:37, s. 19333-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experiments using a microsimulation platform show that vaccination against pandemic H1N1 influenza is highly cost-effective. Swedish society may reduce the costs of pandemic by about SEK 2.5 billion (approximately EUR 250 million) if at least 60 per cent of the population is vaccinated, even if costs related to death cases are excluded. The cost reduction primarily results from reduced absenteeism. These results are preliminary and based on comprehensive assumptions about the infectiousness and morbidity of the pandemic, which are uncertain in the current situation.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Cakici, Baki, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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A workflow for software development within computational epidemiology
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Computational Science. - : Elsevier. - 1877-7503. ; 2:3, s. 216-222
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A critical investigation into computational models developed for studying the spread of communicable disease is presented. The case in point is a spatially explicit micro-meso-macro model for the entire Swedish population built on registry data, thus far used for smallpox and for influenza-like illnesses. The lessons learned from a software development project of more than 100 person months are collected into a check list. The list is intended for use by computational epidemiologists and policy makers, and the workflow incorporating these two roles is described in detail.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Cakici, Baki, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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CASE : a framework for computer supported outbreak detection
- 2010
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Ingår i: BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6947. ; 10, s. 14-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In computer supported outbreak detection, a statistical method is applied to a collection of cases to detect any excess cases for a particular disease. Whether a detected aberration is a true outbreak is decided by a human expert. We present a technical framework designed and implemented at the Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control for computer supported outbreak detection, where a database of case reports for a large number of infectious diseases can be processed using one or more statistical methods selected by the user. Results: Based on case information, such as diagnosis and date, different statistical algorithms for detecting outbreaks can be applied, both on the disease level and the subtype level. The parameter settings for the algorithms can be configured independently for different diagnoses using the provided graphical interface. Input generators and output parsers are also provided for all supported algorithms. If an outbreak signal is detected, an email notification is sent to the persons listed as receivers for that particular disease. Conclusions: The framework is available as open source software, licensed under GNU General Public License Version 3. By making the code open source, we wish to encourage others to contribute to the future development of computer supported outbreak detection systems, and in particular to the development of the CASE framework.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Cakici, Baki, et al.
(författare)
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Changing behaviour to save energy : ICT-based surveillance for a low-carbon economy in the seventh framework programme
- 2014
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Ingår i: ICT for Sustainability 2014, ICT4S 2014. - Paris, France : Atlantis Press. - 9789462520226 ; , s. 165-170
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In research and development of information and communication technologies for sustainability, there is a strong belief that human behaviour can be monitored at the individual level to generate different signals, and that these signals can be used to influence individuals to behave differently. We analyse Seventh Framework Programme policy documents published by the European Commission, and descriptions of research projects granted funding from it, to highlight the uncritical development and application of surveillance technologies to change human behaviour. We argue that EU-financed projects dealing with sustainability and information and communication technology use models of social change that have been widely criticised as unlikely to lead to substantial changes in resource consumption. Additionally, we show that these texts discuss only the potential positive effects of technological surveillance, but neither acknowledge nor require the handling of the potential negative effects of surveillance.
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| 9. |
- Cakici, Baki, et al.
(författare)
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Detecting the Visible : The Discursive Construction of Health Threats in a Syndromic Surveillance System Design
- 2014
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Ingår i: Societies. - : MDPI AG. - 2075-4698. ; 4:3, s. 399-413
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Information and communication technologies are not value-neutral tools that reflect reality; they privilege some forms of action, and they limit others. We analyze reports describing the design, development, testing and evaluation of a European Commission co-funded syndromic surveillance project called SIDARTHa (System for Information on Detection and Analysis of Risks and Threats to Health). We show that the reports construct the concept of a health threat as a sudden, unexpected event with the potential to cause severe harm and one that requires a public health response aided by surveillance. Based on our analysis, we state that when creating surveillance technologies, design choices have consequences for what can be seen and for what remains invisible. Finally, we argue that syndromic surveillance discourse privileges expertise in developing, maintaining and using software within public health practice, and it prioritizes standardized and transportable knowledge over local and context-dependent knowledge. We conclude that syndromic surveillance contributes to a shift in broader public health practice, with consequences for fairness if design choices and prioritizations remain invisible and unchallenged.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Cakici, Baki, 1984-
(författare)
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Disease surveillance systems
- 2011
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Recent advances in information and communication technologies have made the development and operation of complex disease surveillance systems technically feasible, and many systems have been proposed to interpret diverse data sources for health-related signals. Implementing these systems for daily use and efficiently interpreting their output, however, remains a technical challenge. This thesis presents a method for understanding disease surveillance systems structurally, examines four existing systems, and discusses the implications of developing such systems. The discussion is followed by two papers. The first paper describes the design of a national outbreak detection system for daily disease surveillance. It is currently in use at the Swedish Institute for Communicable Disease Control. The source code has been licenced under GNU v3 and is freely available. The second paper discusses methodological issues in computational epidemiology, and presents the lessons learned from a software development project in which a spatially explicit micro-meso-macro model for the entire Swedish population was built based on registry data.
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| 12. |
- Cakici, Baki, et al.
(författare)
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Risken är att att 500 miljoner kronor kastas bort på ny en folkräkning
- 2023
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Ingår i: Sydsvenskan. ; :2023-04-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Mot bakgrund av kunskapsläget är vi förvånade över att regeringen och Sverigedemokraterna avser att driva igenom att Sverige ska genomföra en folkräkning utifrån nya metoder, skriver Baki Cakici, lektor vid IT-universitetet i Köpenhamn, och Hanna Sjögren biträdande lektor i pedagogik vid Malmö universitet.
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| 13. |
- Cakici, Baki, 1984-
(författare)
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Sustainability through surveillance : ICT discourses in design documents
- 2013
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Ingår i: Surveillance & Society. - : Queen's University Library. - 1477-7487. ; 11:1/2, s. 177-189
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, I examine design documents from three different ICT design and development projects. I argue that they present intersecting visions of sustainability entailing the wide-spread use of ICT, describe the properties of users compatible with such ICT, and provide ways of judging the users. In the design documents, the inhabitants are made individually responsible for living sustainably, and surveillance is positioned as integral to this future with the help of ICT. Underlying the visions, I identify a translation process that captures the traces of the inhabitants' lives, classifies them according to different criteria of sustainable living, and returns them to the tapestry of everyday life to convince the users to behave differently. In the discourses of these documents, surveillance translates the traces, and the translations exert new pressures on existing power relations.
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| 14. |
- Cakici, Baki, 1984-
(författare)
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The Informed Gaze : On the Implications of ICT-Based Surveillance
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Information and communication technologies are not value-neutral. I examine two domains, public health surveillance and sustainability, in five papers covering: (i) the design and development of a software package for computer-assisted outbreak detection; (ii) a workflow for using simulation models to provide policy advice and a list of challenges for its practice; (iii) an analysis of design documents from three smart home projects presenting intersecting visions of sustainability; (iv) an analysis of EU-financed projects dealing with sustainability and ICT; (v) an analysis of the consequences of design choices when creating surveillance technologies. My contributions include three empirical studies of surveillance discourses where I identify the forms of action that are privileged and the values that are embedded into them. In these discourses, the presence of ICT entails increased surveillance, privileging technological expertise, and prioritising centralised forms of knowledge.
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| 15. |
- Gahoonia, Simy Kaur, et al.
(författare)
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Upon Not Opening The Black Box
- 2020
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Ingår i: CHI EA '20: Extended Abstracts of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. - New York, NY, USA : ACM Digital Library. - 9781450368193
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- On the eve of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) coming into effect we, a university laboratory, marked the occasion with an interactive installation called Compliance. Data traces from Compliance were subsequently processed by the lab, here enacted in the form of a play. While much discussion has centered around modern 'black-boxed' processing of data, less attention has been paid to the value of the data itself, and whether it merits use. We draw on dramaturgical methods for both analysis and presentation [15], allowing for readers to imagine staging their own, different, versions of the event. Drawing on the ambiguous ontological status of (yet unexamined) data, we offer a discussion on the value of data, its use and non-use, as well as how to live with this ambivalence, continuously negotiating social contracts about our further conduct with the data.
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| 16. |
- Henriksen, Line, et al.
(författare)
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Writing bodies and bodies of text : Thinking vulnerability through monsters
- 2022
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Ingår i: Gender, Work and Organization. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0968-6673 .- 1468-0432. ; 29:2, s. 561-574
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we suggest approaching writing as a vulnerable practice marked by an unstable boundary between bodies: bodies of text and bodies of writers. We present an exercise-method that we refer to as Monster Writing, which we have developed in order to engage with these instabilities as well as in order to address experiences of difficulty, anxiety and uncertainty in relation with the text and writing process. Though the writing process can at times be exciting and thrilling, and at other times perhaps a little tedious and mundane, for some it also presents (more than) occasional encounters with one's own insecurities, shame and doubt. We argue that this potentially more painful relationship between writer and text should be awarded more attention in scholarship on writing, and that a way of doing so is through the framework of feminist theory on vulnerability, embodiment, and the monstrous.
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| 17. |
- Lampinen, Airi, et al.
(författare)
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CSCW and Algorithmic Systems
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 20th European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work. - : European Society for Socially Embedded Technologies (EUSSET).
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The European Union announced recently that Europe should be a global hub and leader in the development of Artifcial Intelligence (AI) that guarantees safety and fundamental rights (European Commission (2021)). In this workshop, we investigate how we can approach this challenge from the perspective of Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW). Starting with a general conceptual focus on algorithmic systems and their increasing role in society, we are particularly interested in such systems in and as organisations, and the questions that come up when investigating them as part of complex, cooperative work practices. The full-day workshop, designed for up to 20 participants, advances a CSCW-perspective on algorithmic/AI systems by bringing together researchers within (and where possible beyond) the CSCW community who study algorithmic systems, with the aim of sharing ongoing research and connecting participants with others who share their research interests.
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| 18. |
- Penzenstadler, Birgit, et al.
(författare)
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ICT4S 2029 : What will be the Systems Supporting Sustainability in 15 Years?
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2014 conference ict for sustainability. - Paris, France : Atlantis Press. ; , s. 30-39
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research is often inspired by visions of the future. These visions can take on various narrative forms, and can fall anywhere along the spectrum from utopian to dystopian. Even though we recognize the importance of such visions to help us shape research questions and inspire rich design spaces to be explored, the opportunity to discuss them is rarely given in a research context. Imagine how civilization will have changed in 15 years. What is your vision for systems that will be supporting sustainability in that time? Which transformational changes will have occurred in the mean time that allow for these systems? Is ICT even the right tool or does it contradict sustainability by making our world ever more complex? How can we make systems and our societies more sustainable and resilient by ICT4S? This paper presents a compilation of fictional abstracts for inspiration and discussion, and provides means to stimulate discussion on future research and contributes to ICT4S community building.
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| 19. |
- Sjögren, Hanna, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Configurations of school-choosing parents in informational material from Swedish municipalities
- 2024
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Marketization of the Swedish educational system has included implementations of school choice since1992. Currently Swedish municipalities design and organize school choice systems locally, and since such authorities have extensive autonomy in Sweden the organization of school choice varies between municipalities.In this presentation, we examine variations in how parents of children are instructed to use municipalsystems for public school choice from pre-school to first grade. Our aim is to describe the different waysin which parents are ‘configured as users’ (Woolgar 1991) by school choice systems in manuals andinformational material digitally provided by municipalities.We draw on theoretical insights from Science and Technology Studies (STS) on how technical systemsshape their own (future) users by describing, instructing, scripting, and limiting interactions (Woolgar1991; Star 1990). We use the theoretical concept of ‘user scripts’ (Woolgar 1991) to analyse variations in how the users of school choice systems are imagined.We analyse materials from 33 municipalities through a close reading of online information provided tocitizens in their role as parents of children in pre-school who are about to start first grade. The selection- of municipalities is based on a representative sample pertaining to municipality size, location, and political majority.We find that different implementations of school choice systems create distinct configurations of parents as school choosers (nor not) pertaining to how different meanings of choice are conceptualized and scripted.Marketization signifies the performative processes under which markets are implemented, organizationsare adjusted, and identities are shaped to fit the logics of markets. Previous studies of how systems ofchoice are implemented show that the choosing citizen is enacted and configured in several ways (e.g.,Dabisch 2022; Sjögren 2023). This study sheds light on the work it takes to perform market-logics in education and the effects of such logics on ideas concerning the purpose of education.ReferencesDabisch, V. (2022). Which child to which school? How local politicians shape catchment areas, schoolchoice and diversity. European Educational Research Journal, 147490412211162.https://doi.org/10.1177/14749041221116252Sjögren, H. (2023) Unruly customers? How parents’ (in)actions trouble civil servants and local schoolchoice systems, Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, DOI: 10.1080/00313831.2023.2250355Star, S. L. (1990). Power, technology and the phenomenology of conventions: on being allergic toonions. The Sociological Review, 38(1_suppl), 26-56.Woolgar, S. (1990). Configuring the user: the case of usability trials. The Sociological Review, 38(1_suppl), 58-99.
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