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- Yao, JT, et al.
(författare)
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Early modulation of macrophage ROS-PPARγ-NF-κB signalling by sonodynamic therapy attenuates neointimal hyperplasia in rabbits
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1, s. 11638-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Disruption of re-endothelialization and haemodynamic balance remains a critical side effect of drug-eluting stents (DES) for preventing intimal hyperplasia. Previously, we found that 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated sonodynamic therapy (ALA-SDT) suppressed macrophage-mediated inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques. However, the effects on intimal hyperplasia and re-endothelialization remain unknown. In this study, 56 rabbits were randomly assigned to control, ultrasound, ALA and ALA-SDT groups, and each group was divided into two subgroups (n = 7) on day 3 after right femoral artery balloon denudation combined with a hypercholesterolemic diet. Histopathological analysis revealed that ALA-SDT enhanced macrophage apoptosis and ameliorated inflammation from day 1. ALA-SDT inhibited neointima formation without affecting re-endothelialization, increased blood perfusion, decreased the content of macrophages, proliferating smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and collagen but increased elastin by day 28. In vitro, ALA-SDT induced macrophage apoptosis and reduced TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β via the ROS-PPARγ-NF-κB signalling pathway, which indirectly inhibited human umbilical artery smooth muscle cell (HUASMC) proliferation, migration and IL-6 production. ALA-SDT effectively inhibits intimal hyperplasia without affecting re-endothelialization. Hence, its clinical application combined with bare-metal stent (BMS) implantation presents a potential strategy to decrease bleeding risk caused by prolonged dual-antiplatelet regimen after DES deployment.
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- He, YQ, et al.
(författare)
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A polygenic risk score for nasopharyngeal carcinoma shows potential for risk stratification and personalized screening
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1, s. 1966-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polygenic risk scores (PRS) have the potential to identify individuals at risk of diseases, optimizing treatment, and predicting survival outcomes. Here, we construct and validate a genome-wide association study (GWAS) derived PRS for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), using a multi-center study of six populations (6 059 NPC cases and 7 582 controls), and evaluate its utility in a nested case-control study. We show that the PRS enables effective identification of NPC high-risk individuals (AUC = 0.65) and improves the risk prediction with the PRS incremental deciles in each population (Ptrend ranging from 2.79 × 10−7 to 4.79 × 10−44). By incorporating the PRS into EBV-serology-based NPC screening, the test’s positive predictive value (PPV) is increased from an average of 4.84% to 8.38% and 11.91% in the top 10% and 5% PRS, respectively. In summary, the GWAS-derived PRS, together with the EBV test, significantly improves NPC risk stratification and informs personalized screening.
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- Ji, Q, et al.
(författare)
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Primary tumors release ITGBL1-rich extracellular vesicles to promote distal metastatic tumor growth through fibroblast-niche formation
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 11:1, s. 1211-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tumor metastasis is a hallmark of cancer. Metastatic cancer cells often reside in distal tissues and organs in their dormant state. Mechanisms underlying the pre-metastatic niche formation are poorly understood. Here we show that in a colorectal cancer (CRC) model, primary tumors release integrin beta-like 1 (ITGBL1)-rich extracellular vesicles (EVs) to the circulation to activate resident fibroblasts in remote organs. The activated fibroblasts induce the pre-metastatic niche formation and promote metastatic cancer growth by secreting pro-inflammatory cytokine, such as IL-6 and IL-8. Mechanistically, the primary CRC-derived ITGBL1-enriched EVs stimulate the TNFAIP3-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway to activate fibroblasts. Consequently, the activated fibroblasts produce high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines to promote metastatic cancer growth. These findings uncover a tumor–stromal interaction in the metastatic tumor microenvironment and an intimate signaling communication between primary tumors and metastases through the ITGBL1-loaded EVs. Targeting the EVs-ITGBL1-CAFs-TNFAIP3-NF-κB signaling axis provides an attractive approach for treating metastatic diseases.
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