| 1. |
- Carlsson, Lena M S, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Life expectancy after bariatric surgery or usual care in patients with or without baseline type 2 diabetes in Swedish Obese Subjects.
- 2023
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Ingår i: International journal of obesity (2005). - 1476-5497. ; 47, s. 931-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To determine life expectancy and causes of death after bariatric surgery in relation to baseline type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the prospective, Swedish Obese Subjects study.The study included 2010 patients with obesity who underwent bariatric surgery and 2037 matched controls, eligible for surgery. The surgery group underwent gastric bypass (n=265), banding (n=376), or vertical banded gastroplasty (n=1369). The control group (n=2037) received usual obesity care. Causes of death were obtained from the Swedish Cause of Death Register, case sheets and autopsy reports, in patients with baseline T2D (n=392 surgery patients/n=305 controls) or non-T2D (n=1609 surgery patients/n=1726 controls) during a median follow-up 26 years.In T2D and non-T2D subgroups, bariatric surgery was associated with increased life expectancy (2.1, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.2-4.0; and 1.6, 0.5-2.7 years, respectively) and reduced overall mortality (adjusted hazard ratio (adjHR)=0.77, 95% CI: 0.61-0.97; and 0.82, 0.72-0.94, respectively), and the treatment benefit was similar (interaction p=0.615). Bariatric surgery was associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality in both subgroups (adjHR=0.65, 95% CI: 0.46-0.91; and 0.70, 0.55-0.88, respectively (interaction p=0.516)).Bariatric surgery is associated with similar reduction of overall and cardiovascular mortality and increased life expectancy regardless of baseline diabetes status.
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| 2. |
- Carlsson, Lena M S, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term incidence of serious fall-related injuries after bariatric surgery in Swedish obese subjects.
- 2019
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Ingår i: International journal of obesity (2005). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5497 .- 0307-0565. ; 43:4, s. 933-937
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obesity increases risk of falling, but the effect of bariatric surgery on fall-related injuries is unknown. The aim of this study was therefore to study the association between bariatric surgery and long-term incidence of fall-related injuries in the prospective, controlled Swedish Obese Subjects study. At inclusion, body mass index was≥34kg/m2 in men and ≥38kg/m2 in women. The surgery per-protocol group (n=2007) underwent gastric bypass (n=266), banding (n=376), or vertical banded gastroplasty (n=1365), and controls (n=2040) received usual care. At the time of analysis (31 December 2013), median follow-up was 19 years (maximal 26 years). Fall-related injuries requiring hospital treatment were captured using data from the Swedish National Patient Register. During follow-up, there were 617 first-time fall-related injuries in the surgery group and 513 in the control group (adjusted hazard ratio 1.21, 95% CI, 1.07-1.36; P=0.002). The incidence differed between treatment groups (P<0.001, log-rank test) and was higher after gastric bypass than after usual care, banding and vertical banded gastroplasty (adjusted hazard ratio 0.50-0.52, P<0.001 for all three comparisons). In conclusion, gastric bypass surgery was associated with increased risk of serious fall-related injury requiring hospital treatment.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Ahlin, Sofie, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Fracture risk after three bariatric surgery procedures in Swedish obese subjects : up to 26 years follow-up of a controlled intervention study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 287:5, s. 546-557
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Previous studies have reported an increased fracture risk after bariatric surgery. Objective: To investigate the association between different bariatric surgery procedures and fracture risk. Methods: Incidence rates and hazard ratios for fracture events were analysed in the Swedish Obese Subjects study; an ongoing, nonrandomized, prospective, controlled intervention study. Hazard ratios were adjusted for risk factors for osteoporosis and year of inclusion. Information on fracture events were captured from the Swedish National Patient Register. The current analysis includes 2007 patients treated with bariatric surgery (13.3% gastric bypass, 18.7% gastric banding, and 68.0% vertical banded gastroplasty) and 2040 control patients with obesity matched on group level based on 18 variables. Median follow-up was between 15.1 and 17.9 years for the different treatment groups. Results: During follow-up, the highest incidence rate for first-time fracture was observed in the gastric bypass group (22.9 per 1000 person-years). The corresponding incidence rates were 10.4, 10.7 and 9.3 per 1000 person-years for the vertical banded gastroplasty, gastric banding and control groups, respectively. The risk of fracture was increased in the gastric bypass group compared with the control group (adjusted hazard ratio [adjHR] 2.58; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.02–3.31; P < 0.001), the gastric banding group (adjHR 1.99; 95%CI 1.41–2.82; P < 0.001), and the vertical banded gastroplasty group (adjHR 2.15; 95% CI 1.66–2.79; P < 0.001). Conclusions: The risk of fracture is increased after gastric bypass surgery. Our findings highlight the need for long-term follow-up of bone health for patients undergoing this treatment.
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| 6. |
- Ahlin, Sofie, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Macrophage Gene Expression in Adipose Tissue is Associated with Insulin Sensitivity and Serum Lipid Levels Independent of Obesity.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.). - : Wiley. - 1930-739X .- 1930-7381. ; 21:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Obesity is linked to both increased metabolic disturbances and increased adipose tissue macrophage infiltration. However, whether macrophage infiltration directly influences human metabolism is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate if there are obesity-independent links between adipose tissue macrophages and metabolic disturbances. Design and Methods: Expression of macrophage markers in adipose tissue was analyzed by DNA microarrays in the SOS Sib Pair study and in patients with type 2 diabetes and a BMI-matched healthy control group. Results: The expression of macrophage markers in adipose tissue was increased in obesity and associated with several metabolic and anthropometric measurements. After adjustment for BMI, the expression remained associated with insulin sensitivity, serum levels of insulin, C-peptide, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) and triglycerides. In addition, the expression of most macrophage markers was significantly increased in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to the control group. Conclusion: Our study shows that infiltration of macrophages in human adipose tissue, estimated by the expression of macrophage markers, is increased in subjects with obesity and diabetes and associated with insulin sensitivity and serum lipid levels independent of BMI. This indicates that adipose tissue macrophages may contribute to the development of insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.
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| 7. |
- Azad, Azadé, et al.
(författare)
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“Being a Girl is a Challenge… Maybe That’s Why It’s So Important to Be Proud of It.” Gender Identity and Performances of Femininity in Young Females with Limited Delinquency
- 2024
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Ingår i: Women and Criminal Justice. - : ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0897-4454 .- 1541-0323.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We seek to expand the knowledge on gender identity and gender roles in young females with limited delinquency. Our thematic analysis of identity-status interviews and narratives from 10 female adolescents (aged 15–18 years) sentenced to youth service showed that they viewed being a girl as important, but also generally inflected by aspects of hardship and violence. We interpreted three types of femininity in the girls’ reasoning about their gender identity in relation to delinquency. These were used to both overcome and sustain gender hegemony. Findings also showed how these young women were both victims and social agents, whose experimentation and defense of self and others were embedded in their rationales for their offenses.
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| 8. |
- Azad, Azadé, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Identity status and narrative identity processes in female adolescents' stories about committing crimes and being convicted
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Adolescence. - 0140-1971 .- 1095-9254. ; 96:1, s. 124-135
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Adolescent delinquency has been suggested to evolve from a normative motivation to establish independence and identity. However, few studies have examined this in detail, especially in young women. The aim was, therefore, to investigate identity formation in adolescent females with limited delinquency by focusing on identity status and identity processes in narratives about committing crimes and being convicted. Methods Interviews with 10 females, 15-18 years old, sentenced to youth service in three Swedish cities were conducted on Zoom. Results The results showed an equal distribution of all identity statuses within the group. Thematic analysis of their stories about crime and conviction showed that delinquency was described in terms of exploration and commitment, although commitment appeared more clearly. Social relations, in particular peers, played an important role in both committing as well as desisting from delinquency. In terms of narrative processes, the stories contained elements of agency, although diminishing of one's own capability and/or responsibility was common, and meaning making, mostly lesson learning, usually pertained to behaviors, interactional rules, or norms. Conclusion These findings point to the importance of viewing delinquency among young women in a social and developmental context, where delinquency may be a part of the process of identity formation. Interventions focusing on expressing needs of belonging as well as finding oneself in more adaptive ways are warranted, where supporting pro-social relations and contexts is a suggested focus.
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| 9. |
- Azad, Azadé, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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‘When you told us what had happened to you, I started to shiver’ – what children and teenagers immediately express and comprehend after listening to testimonies of Holocaust survivors
- 2024
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Ingår i: Holocaust Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1750-4902 .- 2048-4887. ; 30:1, s. 66-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated how young people comprehend stories of trauma through their immediate expressions after listening to personal testimonies of Holocaust survivors. The material included 747 drawings and 182 texts by 10–16-year-old Swedish pupils from 14 schools. Qualitative analyses and cross-tabulations showed that the testimonies elicited complex patterns of emotions and cognitive processing. Personal testimonies can thus be a powerful way of teaching about historical trauma, although complex cognitive meaning making might often require additional time and adult-facilitated conversation. Also, as the testimonies aroused strong emotions, they should be used in a well-informed way.
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| 10. |
- Carlsson, Johanna, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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A Longitudinal Examination of Identity Status Interview Narratives: How Stable is Stable?
- 2014
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Ingår i: Paper presented at the 14th biennial conference of European association for research on adolescence. September 3-6, 2014, Çeşme, Izmir, Turkey..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A Longitudinal examination of identity status interview narratives: How stable is stable? The purpose of this research was to investigate how individuals maintain and develop their identities across time, and to identify processes that might prevent identity development. The research aimed to investigate aspects of identity development that are not captured by identity status codings, by focusing on individuals who did not change identity status between measuring points. The identity status interview (Marcia, Waterman, Mattesson, Archer, & Orlofsky, 1993) was performed with 124 Swedes, at age 25 (Frisén & Wängqvist, 2011) and at age 29. Individuals who were stable in committed identity statuses (identity achievement or foreclosure; n=55), and individuals who were stable in uncommitted identity statuses (moratorium or identity diffusion; n= 8), were studied in two separate analyses. Differences and similarities between interview narratives from both interview occasions were summarized, separately for each individual. Inductive thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006) was applied to these summaries. The analysis of identity narratives from individuals in committed identity statuses resulted in a model that suggests that identity development among these individuals may be understood in terms of the deepening or weakening of three dimensions: approach to changing life conditions, meaning making, and development of personal life direction. Interview narratives from individuals assigned to the same uncommitted identity status at both ages were analyzed in a similar way. A combination of deductive and inductive approaches was used, as this allowed both testing of the model derived from the analysis of individuals in committed identity statuses, and for the model to be expanded beyond this original form. The results from this analysis showed that only the dimension meaning making could be applied to individuals assigned to the same uncommitted identity status. The other two dimensions from the first analysis were revised to fit this new group. In addition to the model, the Interview narratives for individuals with uncommitted identity status included elements of procrastination of exploration and commitment-making, problems integrating different identity domains, elements of dismissing available alternatives without choosing anything, and difficulties with more complex reasoning. The study indicates that continued identity development is one of the key processes through which an established sense of identity can be maintained. Moreover, the study identified processes that might prevent identity development among individuals repeatedly assigned to uncommitted identity statuses. In conclusion, the model that derived from this study captures some aspects of identity development among individuals who are repeatedly assigned to the same identity status.
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| 11. |
- Carlsson, Johanna, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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All work no play? Central Life Areas for Swedish Emerging Adults' Identity Exploration and Commitment
- 2016
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Ingår i: 15th biennial conference of European association for research on adolescence. September 16-19, 2016, La Barossa, Cádiz, Spain..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study explores central life areas for Swedish emerging adults’ identity development. First, 149 emerging adults (102 women, 40 men, 7 other/unknown; Mage=24.9 SDage=3.1) completed the DIDS (Luyckx et al., 2008), which assesses different aspects of identity exploration and commitment without referring to specific life areas. Then participants answered an open-ended question concerning which life areas they had been thinking about when answering the questionnaire. Thematic analysis showed that almost all participants had thought about work/education, but 11 other life areas were also reported by the participants (e.g. family life and living arrangements). The reported life areas were largely similar across demographical variables, such as gender and occupational status. However, compare with participants who reported thinking about several life areas those who reported only thinking about work/education scored higher on ruminative exploration and exploration in depth, and lower on commitment making. This indicates that when individuals’ identity processes concern more than one life area their sense of identity may be more secure. Based on these findings, suggestions for future research are to focus more on what life areas are central for peoples’ identity development and on how development in different life areas co-evolve across time.
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| 12. |
- Carlsson, Johanna, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Emerging Adult Parents’ Coordination of Work and Family Commitments
- 2015
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Ingår i: Paper presented at the 7th Conference on Emerging Adulthood. October 14-16, 2015, Miami, FL, USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- It has been proposed that the evaluation and coordination of commitments in different areas of life, such as work and family, becomes an important developmental task in late emerging adulthood (e.g., Pals, 1999). In the present study we explore how this coordination takes place by investigating how 33 (23 women) Swedish parents in late emerging adulthood reason around priorities between work and family. The participants took part in a semi-structured interview concerning their attitudes towards work/family priorities. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the material (Braun & Clarke, 2006). When describing their work/family priorities most parents talked about family as being more important than work, but many also talked about a strive for work/family balance. A small group said that work and family were equally important, but none of the participants said that they prioritized work over family. However, the results showed that wanting to prioritize family had different consequences for how different participants organized their work life. Most participants talked about how they were simply working their “regular hours”. Some, but not all, of these participants thought that working regular hours meant that their children had to spend too many hours in daycare, and some of them expressed a wish to work part time. A smaller group of participants (only women) work part time. These participants often talked about wanting to downshift and spend time with their children. In contrast, some participants talked about working long hours and putting in a lot of overtime. These participants often explained how this choice was a way for them to prioritize their family. For example, they talked about how working long hours would benefit their family financially or give them other advantages. Many participants said that their view of work/family priorities had changed when they became parents. Some of these participants said that before becoming parents they had thought that it would not be so difficult to combine work and family as it later turned out to be. Some also said that before becoming parents they had not thought much about work/family issues at all, or that their career had been more important to them before they became parents. A smaller group of participants also talked about how they expected, or had already experienced, that their view on work/family priorities would change during parenthood. For example, when their child got older and more independent they would be able to engage more in their work life. In conclusion, this study indicates that to prioritize family before work is normative among emerging adult Swedish parent, but that doing so can mean very different things to different people. Moreover, the results show that when emerging adults become parents work/family priorities is often a more pressing issue than it was before. This suggests that the transition to parenthood requires young people to negotiate their commitments in different life areas in relation to the new social realities of adult life.
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| 13. |
- Carlsson, Johanna, 1985
(författare)
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Evolving identities: Contents and processes of identity development among people in their late twenties
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim of this thesis was to study contents and processes of identity development among people in their late twenties. The studies are based on identity status interviews and surveys performed with participants in the GoLD (Gothenburg Longitudinal study of Development), at ages 25 and 29. Study I investigated Swedish emerging adults’ expectations regarding possible future parenthood through content analysis of identity status interviews with the 124 (58 women) participants who were not yet parents at age 25. Thematic analysis of the participants’ interview narratives in the identity domains of parenthood and work/family priorities showed that most participants were sure they wanted to become parents, but often just not right now. First they wanted a stable financial situation, a romantic relationship, and time for self-focus. More women than men talked about parenthood as a social norm and wanted to prioritize both work and family equally. More men than women wanted to prioritize either work or family, most often family over work. The women gave more examples of how they intended to solve potential work/family conflicts. Study I thus indicated that many Swedish emerging adults postpone, but do not reject, parenthood. Moreover, the results indicate that in emerging adulthood more women than men consider these aspects of their identities. Study II concerned the process of identity development between ages 25 and 29 among the 124 (63 women) participants who took part in the study at both ages. The study had a special focus on how people continue to evolve their identities after making identity commitments. Each of the four identity statuses (identity achievement, moratorium, foreclosure, and identity diffusion) was equally common at both ages. Stability in identity status was typical of individuals assigned to all statuses except moratorium. Further analysis of interview narratives from participants assigned to identity achievement or foreclosure at both interview occasions (n = 55), showed that relevant processes of continued identity development after commitments have been made are: the ways in which people approach changing life conditions, the extent to which they continue to engage in meaning making, and how they continue to develop their personal life direction. Identity achievement was connected to a deepening of the identity narrative on all three dimensions, whereas developmental patterns connected to foreclosure were more diverse. Study II thus showed how identity development continues in the late twenties, also beyond identity achievement. Moreover, the study indicated that further evolvement might be a key process through which an established sense of identity can stay adaptive and flexible. Study III compared two models commonly used to study identity development, the identity status model and the dual-cycle model, among the 123 (62 women) participants who completed both measures at age 29. These models are based on the same theoretical framework and use the same terminology, though the associations found between them were only modest. Further, a validation of the Swedish version of the measure commonly used to study the dual-cycle model (Dimensions of Identity Development Scale; DIDS) could not confirm the processes in the model as a sufficient representation of the participants’ ratings on the DIDS. The findings in this study call for a reconsideration of what the identity status terminology actually means, what the identity status interview and the DIDS actually measure, and how these models reflect people’s identity development. In sum, this thesis shows some ways people may continue to evolve their identities as life unfolds. Further, the results suggests that to learn more about how people develop their identities we need to combine and evaluate different theoretical approaches and research methods, and keep an open mind regarding what people tell us about their experiences.
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| 14. |
- Carlsson, Johanna, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Identity development in the late twenties - a longitudinal study
- 2013
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Ingår i: Paper presented at the 20th annual conference for Society for research on identity formation. May 16-19, 2013, Saint Paul, MN, USA..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Identity status interviews were performed with 124 Swedish young adults (63 women) at age 25 and 29. About half of the participants (n=63) were assigned to the same identity status at both interview occasions. Special focus was how the identity of the 55 participants assigned to the same status at both times, with established identity commitments (achieved-achieved or foreclosure-foreclosure), evolved over time. Thematic analysis on summaries of differences and similarities between these participant’s interviews indicated that the identity continues to evolve over time and that inability to evolve result in dissonance between the identity narrative and the actual life situation.
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| 15. |
- Carlsson, Johanna, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Identity Development in the Late Twenties: A Never Ending Story
- 2015
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Ingår i: Developmental Psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0012-1649 .- 1939-0599. ; 51:3, s. 334-345
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate identity development in the late 20s in order to learn more about the continued identity development after identity commitments have been made. The starting point for the study was the contradiction between ideas of identity development as a lifelong process and identity status research showing that stability in identity development is common, particularly so once identitydefining commitments have been made. Identity status interviews were performed with 124 Swedish individuals (63 women) at ages 25 and 29. The 4 identity statuses were equally common at both ages, and stability in identity status between measurements was a typical pattern for individuals assigned to all identity statuses, except moratorium. Longitudinal analysis of interviews from participants assigned to identity achievement, or foreclosure at both occasions, resulted in a model of continued identity development after commitments have been made. The model showed that relevant processes in this identity development are: the ways in which individuals approach changing life conditions, to what extent they continue to engage in meaning making, and how they continue to develop their personal life direction. Identity achievement was connected to continued identity development, whereas developmental patterns connected to foreclosure were more diverse. In conclusion, the study showed that, regardless of identity status change or stability, identity development continues in the late 20s, also beyond identity achievement. Moreover, continued identity development is needed for an established sense of identity to stay adaptive and flexible.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Carlsson, Johanna, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Life on hold: Staying in identity diffusion in the late twenties
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Adolescence. - : Wiley. - 0140-1971 .- 1095-9254. ; 47, s. 220-229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study adds to the understanding of the dark side of identity development by investigating what it means to experience long-term identity diffusion during the late twenties. In a study of change and stability in identity status between ages 25 and 29 (N ¼ 124; 63 women), seven participants were assigned to identity diffusion at both ages. Longitudinal analysis of interviews with these participants showed that long-term experiences of identity diffusion may be described through individuals' approach to changing life conditions, the extent to which they engage in meaning making, and how they develop their personal life direction. In questionnaires, participants reported few signs of psychological distress. Even so, qualitative analyses showed a general trend among participants to keep life on hold through decreased activity or increased haphazard activity in relation to changing life conditions, to make little new meaning, and in some cases to dissolve their personal life direction.
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| 18. |
- Carlsson, Johanna, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Narrative identity development of youth in secure care in Sweden
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Society for Research on Identity 30th Anniversary Conference.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The study explored narrative identity development of youth in secure care in Sweden. Narrative content and structure (emotional sequence and meaning making) in 503 personal narratives written as a voluntary part of the school curriculum for youth in secure care were analyzed. Preliminary findings showed that the story content was dominated by what it is like being in secure care, descriptions of own destructive behavior, and experiences of hardship, though positive themes were also present. Meaning making was identified in about half of the stories. There was diversity in emotional tone, but hopefulness towards the future was a distinct theme.
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| 19. |
- Carlsson, Johanna, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Staying in identity diffusion in the late twenties keeps life on hold
- 2014
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Ingår i: Poster presented at the 21st annual conference of the Society for Research on Identity Formation, March 19, 2014, Austin, Texas, USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A model of identity development among individuals repeatedly assigned to the same identity status, with established commitments (identity achievement or foreclosure), was presented at the 2013 SRIF conference. Building upon these results new analyses were preformed, focusing on identity development among individuals assigned to the same uncommitted identity status (moratorium or identity diffusion) at two interview occasions, four years apart. Thematic analysis on summaries of differences and similarities between these individuals’ interview narratives from the two interview occasions resulted in expansion of the previously developed model. Additionally, the analysis identified processes that prevent and post-pone the making of identity commitments.
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| 20. |
- Carlsson, Johanna, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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“This husband, house, family thing… it’s in some ways the standard model” – Swedish emerging adults’ own voices on a possible future parenthood
- 2011
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Ingår i: Paper presented at the 5th Conference on Emerging Adulthood. Providence, Rhode Island, USA. 26-28 October 2011.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This interview study (136 participants) aimed to investigate Swedish emerging adults’ own thoughts and feelings related to a possible future parenthood. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the material. Results showed a strong norm toward wanting to have children among Swedish emerging adults, no participants rejected the idea of parenthood altogether. Women seemed more affected by this norm than men and women also reported more thoughts about potential problems (and possible solutions) related to a future family-life. These results will be discussed in the light of the Swedish public policies.
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| 21. |
- Englund, Johanna, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Deactivation of a Pd/Pt Bimetallic Oxidation Catalyst Used in a Biogas-Powered Euro VI Heavy-Duty Engine Installation
- 2019
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Ingår i: Catalysts. - : MDPI. - 2073-4344. ; 9:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The reduction of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions is crucial to avoid further warming of the planet. We investigated how effluent gases from a biogas powered Euro VI heavy-duty engine impact the performance of a bimetallic (palladium and platinum) oxidation catalyst. Using synthetic gas mixtures, the oxidation of NO, CO, and CH4 before and after exposure to biogas exhaust for 900 h was studied. The catalyst lost most of its activity for methane oxidation, and the activity loss was most severe for the inlet part of the aged catalyst. Here, a clear sintering of Pt and Pd was observed, and higher concentrations of catalyst poisons such as sulfur and phosphorus were detected. The sintering and poisoning resulted in less available active sites and hence lower activity for methane oxidation.
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| 22. |
- Eriksson, Py Liv, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Identity Development in Early Adulthood: A Continuous Journey
- 2018
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Ingår i: The Society for Research on Adolescence (SRA) biennial meeting. Minneapolis, USA: 12-14 April, 2018.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- To understand how people develop their identities in early adulthood and learn more about how identity in the twenties influences later development this study investigates identity development with a longitudinal design and integrates the identity status model with a narrative approach. Three research questions guided the investigations: (1) Which patterns of identity status change and stability may be observed throughout early adulthood? (2) Which processes of change may be identified within identity narratives from individuals coded to the same identity status, with established commitments, across early adulthood? (3) What is the relation between processes of change in identity narratives in the twenties and development in the early thirties, and does this differ between individuals coded to identity achievement and foreclosure across early adulthood? Identity status interviews (Marcia et al., 1993) were performed with 118 individuals (59 women) at ages 25, 29 and 33. Analyses revealed group-level changes in identity status across the three waves. However, typical patterns of individual identity status development between adjacent waves were patterns of stability in foreclosure (n= 20) or identity achievement (n= 25) (see Figure 1). In order to learn more about processes involved in maintaining identity commitments from age 25 into the early thirties identity narratives from individuals who followed these two stable patterns were investigated with longitudinal qualitative analysis. Case-summaries of similarities and differences between each participant’s interview narrative from, ages 25 and 29, as well as from age 29 and 33 were analyzed with thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006). These analyses resulted in a model, with three processes of identity development across the twenties and three processes of identity development across the early thirties (see Figure 2). All processes described changes on a continuum between two endpoints: the weakening endpoint reflected a shallower, more closed and firm identity narrative and the deepening endpoint reflected a richer identity narrative that had evolved between the interview occasions. Qualitative case-based analysis of participants’ development across the two models of identity development showed that evolved and flexible narratives (i.e., those involving processes of deepening) in the twenties were related to one or more processes of deepening, and no processes of shallower and firmer narratives (weakening) in the early thirties. The capacity to adjust the narrative to changing life conditions during the twenties was especially important for a continued development. However, individuals with shallower and firmer narratives in the twenties showed more varied results indicating more individual differences and could either continue in this weakening direction in their early thirties or evolve their identity narratives. With regards to identity status, most individuals coded to a stable achieved identity status continued to evolve their identity narrative from age 25 into the early thirties. The group of individuals coded to a stable foreclosed status showed diverse patterns of development with either continued processes of weakening or deepening, or a change in the opposite direction of their previous development. These results indicate development in identity narratives across early adulthood even without engaging in exploration before commitments are established.
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| 23. |
- Eriksson, Py Liv, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Methodological Choices in Narrative Identity Research
- 2017
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Ingår i: 24th Annual Conference International Society for Research on Identity (ISRI) Conference. Groningen, The Netherlands, May 18-21.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The main focus in this presentation part of an interactive session on collecting narratives concerned collecting narratives with the identity status interview (Marcia, Waterman, Mattesson, Archer, & Orlofsky, 1993) and with this approach conduct longitudinal analysis of identity narratives (see e.g., Carlsson, Wängqvist, & Frisén, 2015; Wängqvist, Carlsson, van der Lee, & Frisén, 2016). By using the identity status interview this provides possibilities to investigate changes across time in the identity narratives (i.e., narrative change and stability), and explore mechanism behind processes of identity narrative development beyond exploration and commitment. This method also provides possibilities to investigate content of identity narratives and relation between identity processes and content in the narratives, all which can provide a deeper understanding of identity development.
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| 24. |
- Eriksson, Py Liv, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding Identity Development in Early Adulthood: Integrating the Complexity of Individual Experiences and Different Theoretical Perspectives
- 2017
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Ingår i: The International Society for Research on Identity (ISRI) 24th Annual Conference. Groningen, The Netherlands, May 18-21.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study investigates patterns of identity development across early adulthood and the developmental processes behind this development by combining the identity status model with a narrative approach. Identity status interviews were performed with 118 Swedish individuals at ages 25, 29 and 33. The most common patterns of individual identity status development were patterns of stability in foreclosure (n= 20) or identity achievement (n= 25). Qualitative longitudinal analysis of these participants interview narratives resulted in a model with three processes of identity development in early adulthood: ‘Approach to change’, ‘Narrative coherence’ and ‘Participation in a broader life context’.
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| 25. |
- Frisén, Ann, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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“Doesn’t Everyone Want That? It’s Just a Given”: Swedish Emerging Adults’ Expectations on Future Parenthood and Work/Family Priorities
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Adolescent Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 0743-5584 .- 1552-6895. ; 29:1, s. 67-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated Swedish emerging adults’ expectations on future parenthood through interviews with 124 Swedish emerging adults who were not yet parents. Thematic analysis showed that most participants were sure they wanted to become parents, but not right now. First, they wanted a stable financial situation, a romantic relationship, and time for self-focus. More women than men talked about parenthood as a social norm and wanted to prioritize both work and family. More men than women wanted to prioritize either work or family before the other. The study showed that Swedish emerging adults postpone, but do not reject, parenthood and that gender differences in expectations on parenthood may contribute to a reproduction of gender inequalities in family life.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Kristensson, Felipe M., et al.
(författare)
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Breast Cancer Risk After Bariatric Surgery and Influence of Insulin Levels: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial
- 2024
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Ingår i: JAMA Surgery. - 2168-6254 .- 2168-6262.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Importance: Obesity and insulin are risk factors for breast cancer, and retrospective studies suggest bariatric surgery reduces breast cancer risk in women. However, long-term prospective data on breast cancer risk after bariatric surgery and the role of baseline insulin levels are lacking. Objective: To examine if bariatric surgery is associated with breast cancer incidence in women and if treatment benefit is modified by baseline insulin levels. Design, Setting, and Participants: The Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study was a nonrandomized intervention trial designed to investigate the long-term effects of bariatric surgery on obesity-related mortality and morbidity. Study recruitment took place between 1987 and 2001, and median (IQR) follow-up time was 23.9 years (20.1-27.1) years. The study was conducted at 25 public surgical departments and 480 primary health care centers in Sweden and included 2867 women aged 37 to 60 years and with body mass index 38 or greater (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared). Intervention: In the surgery group (n = 1420), 260 women underwent gastric banding, 970 vertical banded gastroplasty, and 190 gastric bypass. The remaining contemporaneously matched control individuals (n = 1447) received usual obesity care. Main Outcome and Measures: Breast cancer, the main outcome of this secondary report, was not a predefined outcome in the SOS study. Breast cancer events were identified in the Swedish National Cancer Registry. Results: The study population comprised 2867 women with a mean (SD) age of 48.0 (6.2) years. During follow-up, there were 154 breast cancer events, 66 in the surgery group and 88 in the usual care group, and a decreased risk of breast cancer was observed in the bariatric surgery group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.68; 95% CI, 0.49-0.94; P =.019; adjusted HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.52-1.01; P =.06). The surgical treatment benefit on breast cancer risk was greater in women with baseline insulin levels above the median 15.8 μIU/L (HR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.31-0.74; P =.001; adjusted HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.35-0.86; P =.008) compared to those below (HR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.59-1.53; P =.84; adjusted HR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.61-1.66; P =.97; interaction P =.02). Conclusions and Relevance: This prospective clinical trial indicated a reduced risk of breast cancer after bariatric surgery in women with obesity. The surgical treatment benefit was predominantly seen in women with hyperinsulinemia.
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| 28. |
- Larsson, Hanna, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal findings on pathways of identity development across emerging and established adulthood
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Society for Research on Identity 30th Anniversary Conference.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Longitudinal identity research is essential to increase our understanding of both typical identity processes, and the diversity of their pathways and mechanisms. In this symposium, findings are presented from exceptionally long longitudinal studies. In addition, both the potential of longitudinal studies and their challenges are considered. All presenters have fresh results from their latest data collections and will also discuss them based on previous longitudinal data. Hanna Larsson will present recent results from the Gothenburg Longitudinal Study of Development (GoLD). GoLD started in 1982 with a community sample of 144 one- to two-year-olds from Gothenburg, Sweden. During the last four waves of data collections (at ages 25, 29, 33, and 39), the Ego Identity Status Interview (Marcia et al., 1993) has been used to study multiple aspects of identity development. In this presentation, longitudinal patterns of identity status stability and change across all four time points will be presented along with results from qualitative analyses of interviews with participants stable in identity foreclosure or achievement.
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| 29. |
- Lohmander, L. S., et al.
(författare)
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Bariatric surgery, osteoarthritis and arthroplasty of the hip and knee in Swedish Obese Subjects - up to 31 years follow-up of a controlled intervention study.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Osteoarthritis and cartilage. - : Elsevier BV. - 1522-9653 .- 1063-4584. ; 31:5, s. 636-646
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To study the long-term effect of obesity and bariatric surgery on incidences of osteoarthritis and arthroplasty of hip and knee.Hazard ratios (HR) and incidence rates (IR) of osteoarthritis and arthroplasty of hip and knee were studied in the prospective, controlled, non-randomized Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study (bariatric surgery group, n=2007; matched controls given usual obesity care, n=2040) and the SOS reference cohort (n=1135, general population). Osteoarthritis diagnosis and arthroplasty for osteoarthritis were captured from the National Swedish Patient Register. Median follow-up time was 21.2 (IQR 16.4-24.8), 22.9 (IQR 19.1-25.7), and 20.1 years (IQR 18.7-20.9) for the control group, surgery group and reference cohort, respectively.The surgery group displayed lower incidence of hip osteoarthritis (IR 5.3, 95% CI 4.7-6.1) compared to controls (IR 6.6, 95% CI 5.9-7.5, adjHR 0.83, 95% CI 0.69-1.00) but similar incidence of hip arthroplasty. Similar incidence of knee osteoarthritis was observed in the surgery group and controls, but knee arthroplasty was more common in the surgery group (IR 7.4, 95% CI 6.6-8.2 and 5.6, 95% CI 4.9-6.4, adjHR 1.45, 95% CI 1.22-1.74). The reference cohort displayed lower incidences of osteoarthritis and arthroplasty of hip and knee compared with the surgery group and controls.Bariatric surgery did not normalize the increased risk of knee and hip osteoarthritis in patients with obesity but was associated with an increased incidence of knee arthroplasty compared to the control group. With the limitations inherent to the present data, additional studies are needed to confirm these results.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01479452.
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| 30. |
- Lundtoft, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Function of multiple sclerosis-protective HLA class I alleles revealed by genome-wide protein-quantitative trait loci mapping of interferon signalling
- 2020
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Ingår i: PLOS Genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7390 .- 1553-7404. ; 16:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines that are central to the host defence against viruses and other microorganisms. If not properly regulated, IFNs may contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory autoimmune, or infectious diseases. To identify genetic polymorphisms regulating the IFN system we performed an unbiased genome-wide protein-quantitative trait loci (pQTL) mapping of cell-type specific type I and type II IFN receptor levels and their responses in immune cells from 303 healthy individuals. Seven genome-wide significant (p < 5.0E-8) pQTLs were identified. Two independent SNPs that tagged the multiple sclerosis (MS)-protective HLA class I alleles A*02/A*68 and B*44, respectively, were associated with increased levels of IFNAR2 in B and T cells, with the most prominent effect in IgD–CD27+ memory B cells. The increased IFNAR2 levels in B cells were replicated in cells from an independent set of healthy individuals and in MS patients. Despite increased IFNAR2 levels, B and T cells carrying the MS-protective alleles displayed a reduced response to type I IFN stimulation. Expression and methylation-QTL analysis demonstrated increased mRNA expression of the pseudogene HLA-J in B cells carrying the MS-protective class I alleles, possibly driven via methylation-dependent transcriptional regulation. Together these data suggest that the MS-protective effects of HLA class I alleles are unrelated to their antigen-presenting function, and propose a previously unappreciated function of type I IFN signalling in B and T cells in MS immune-pathogenesis.Author summaryGenetic association studies have been very successful in identifying disease-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), but it has been challenging to define the molecular mechanisms underlying these associations. As interferons (IFNs) have a central role in the immune system, we hypothesized that some of the SNPs associated to immune-mediated diseases would affect the IFN system. By combining genetic data with characterization of interferon receptor levels and their responses on the protein level in immune cells from 303 genotyped healthy individuals, we show that two SNPs tagging the HLA class I alleles A*02/A*68 and B*44 are associated with a decreased response to type I IFN stimulation in B cells and T cells. Notably, both HLA-A*02 and HLA-B*44 confer protection from developing multiple sclerosis (MS), which is a chronic inflammatory neurologic disease. In addition to suggesting a pathogenic role of enhanced type I interferon signalling in B cells and T cells in MS, our data emphasize the fact that genetic associations in the HLA locus can affect functions not directly associated to antigen presentation, which conceptually may be important for other diseases genetically associated to the HLA locus.
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| 31. |
- McGlinchey, Aidan J, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances modulates neonatal serum phospholipids, increasing risk of type 1 diabetes
- 2020
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Ingår i: Environment International. - : Elsevier. - 0160-4120 .- 1873-6750. ; 143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the last decade, increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) stabilized in Finland, a phenomenon that coincides with tighter regulation of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Here, we quantified PFAS to examine their effects, during pregnancy, on lipid and immune-related markers of T1D risk in children. In a mother-infant cohort (264 dyads), high PFAS exposure during pregnancy associated with decreased cord serum phospholipids and progression to T1D-associated islet autoantibodies in the offspring. This PFAS-lipid association appears exacerbated by increased human leukocyte antigen-conferred risk of T1D in infants. Exposure to a single PFAS compound or a mixture of organic pollutants in non-obese diabetic mice resulted in a lipid profile characterized by a similar decrease in phospholipids, a marked increase of lithocholic acid, and accelerated insulitis. Our findings suggest that PFAS exposure during pregnancy contributes to risk and pathogenesis of T1D in offspring.
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| 32. |
- Mitchell, Lauren L, et al.
(författare)
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A conceptual review of identity integration across adulthood.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Developmental psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 1939-0599 .- 0012-1649. ; 57:11, s. 1981-1990
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Though Erikson recognized identity development as a lifelong project, most research on identity has focused on adolescents and emerging adults. Less is known about how the identity formed in adolescence is maintained and adapted across the adult life span. The purpose of the present paper is to provide a conceptual review and elaboration of Erikson's (1968) theory focused on identity integration, a construct that is particularly relevant to adult identity development. Identity integration describes the process of bringing together various aspects of one's self into a coherent whole, and the sense of self-continuity and wholeness that emerges as a result of these processes. Informed by the identity and life span development literatures, we present a conceptual framework that describes how identity integration is maintained across the adult life span, and how it is reestablished when changing life circumstances present threats to an individual's identity. These maintenance and reestablishment processes help to support adults' well-being and adaptation to major life transitions and stressful events. This conceptual framework is intended to facilitate research on identity integration in adulthood, a time of life that has been less often studied in the identity literature but that can involve identity dynamics that are just as critical as those in adolescence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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| 33. |
- Svensson, Per-Arne, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Non-alcohol substance use disorder after bariatric surgery in the prospective, controlled Swedish Obese Subjects study.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.). - 1930-739X. ; 31:8, s. 2171-2177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The goal of this study was to investigate whether bariatric surgery is associated with substance use disorder (SUD) with substances other than alcohol.The prospective, controlled Swedish Obese Subjects study enrolled 2010 patients with obesity who underwent bariatric surgery (gastric bypass n=265; vertical banded gastroplasty n=1369; gastric banding n=376) and 2037 matched control individuals receiving usual obesity care. Participants with SUD other than alcohol use disorder were identified using International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes from the Swedish National Patient Register (covering treatment in hospital but not primary care). Those with a history of non-alcohol SUD were excluded. Median follow-up was 23.8years.During follow-up, non-alcohol SUD incidence rates per 1000 person-years with 95% CI were 1.6 (0.8-3.1), 0.8 (0.5-1.2), 1.1 (0.5-2.2), and 0.6 (0.4-0.8) for gastric bypass, vertical banded gastroplasty, gastric banding, and control individuals, respectively. Only gastric bypass was associated with increased incidence of non-alcohol SUD (adjusted hazard ratio 2.54 [95% CI: 1.14-5.65], p=0.022) compared with control participants.Gastric bypass surgery was associated with increased risk of non-alcohol SUD, and this should be considered in long-term postoperative care.
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| 34. |
- Wängqvist, Maria, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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How identity status interviews may be used for in-depth studies of identity development : two wave longitudinal study of identity in emerging adulthood
- 2014
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Ingår i: Symposium presentation at the 14th biennial conference of the European Association for Research on Adolescence, Cesme, Turkey, September 3-6, 2014.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this presentation is to illustrate how the identity status interview may be used to study process, content, and contexts of identity development. To do so we draw on published (e.g., Frisén, Carlsson, & Wängqvist, 2014; Frisén & Wängqvist, 2011; Wängqvist & Frisén, 2011) and unpublished results from a longitudinal project (GoLD) with identity status interviews (Marcia, Waterman, Mattesson, Archer, & Orlofsky, 1993) with emerging adults. The interviews focused on occupation, romantic relationships, parenthood, and work/family priorities, with 136 Swedish 25-year-olds and four years later with 124 of these participants. The semi-structured interview format and coding procedure used enable both quantitative and qualitative analyse of identity development in emerging adulthood. This mixed methods approach (e.g., Lieber & Weisner, 2010) offers opportunity to study identity development in depth. For example, quantitative analyses showed that it was much less common for the 25-year-old participants to explore issues concerning romantic relationships and parenthood than it was to explore occupational choices and work/family priorities (Frisén & Wängqvist, 2011). Further qualitative analyses revealed that compared to occupational choices issues concerning romantic relationships were viewed more as facts than as issues that need to be considered from several perspectives (Wängqvist, Frisén, Ignell, & Fernros, 2011). Similar results were found in thematic analyses of how the participants talked about parenthood (Frisén et al., 2014). In the second wave the question: If, besides from the issues relating to work and family, there was something else in their lives that were salient to their views of themselves, revealed a variety of life areas that emerging adults view as important to their sense of identity besides issues of love and work. These life areas involved, for example, watching and practicing different sports, friendships, and music. In line with other Swedish studies (Bergh & Erling, 2005) religion and politics were uncommon. Another example of the explanatory mixed methods approach is the longitudinal analyses of the interviews. These analyses have revealed that there is continued identity development among individuals whose identities appear stable in identity status. This development involved people’s approach to changing life conditions, their tendency to continue to make meaning of their experiences, and their development of a personal life direction. The conclusions from our work within GoLD are that identity status interviews combined with a mixed methods approach would be useful for in depth studies of identity development in adolescence as well as in emerging adulthood.
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| 35. |
- Wängqvist, Maria, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Identity Development and Romantic Relationships in the Late Twenties
- 2016
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Ingår i: Identity. An International Journal of Theory and Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1528-3488 .- 1532-706X. ; 16:1, s. 24-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This two-wave study investigates identity processes and content in identity interviews concerning romantic relationships, and how this is related to involvement in romantic relationships in the late twenties. Results revealed that the four identity statuses were equally common at age 25 (N = 136) as they were at age 29 (N = 124). Although 54% were stable in identity status, 46% changed identity status between measurements. Stability in identity status was a typical pattern for all identity statuses, except moratorium. Overall, the content in individuals’ identity narratives seemed to express a strong norm concerning attitudes and expectations of romantic relationships. The few associations between identity status and identity content indicated a somewhat stronger adherence to norms in the foreclosure group and a somewhat lesser adherence to norms in the diffusion group. Involvement in a romantic relationship was more common among individuals who, at age 29, had established commitments and who viewed involvement in romantic relationships as an important life goal. The study illustrates how considering identity processes and content may lead to a deepened understanding of identity development within salient domains.
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| 36. |
- Wängqvist, Maria, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Identity Development and Romantic Relationships in the Late Twenties in Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Symposium presentation at the 22th Annual Conference of the Society for Research on Identity Formation, Bellingham, Washington, USA. May 14-17, 2015..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This two-wave study investigates identity status and content of identity narratives concerning romantic relationships. Results revealed no difference in identity status distributions in the romantic relationships domain at age 25 (N = 136) compared to age 29 (N = 124). However, while 54% were stable in identity status, 46% changed identity status between measurements. Romantic relationships were expected to involve loyalty, openness, stability, togetherness, and intimacy. A majority wanted to get married and the reasons mainly involved practical advantages and symbolical meaning. This study illustrates how romantic relationships are important identity contexts and salient identity issues in the late twenties.
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| 37. |
- Wängqvist, Maria, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction to the field
- 2015
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Ingår i: In K.C. McLean & J. Carlsson (chairs) SSEA pre-conference: Identity issues topic network. Workshop conducted at the 7th conference on Emerging Adulthood, Miami, FL, USA. October 2015.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 38. |
- Wängqvist, Maria, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Views on Romantic Relationships and Marriage among Late Emerging Adults
- 2013
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Ingår i: Paper presented at the 6th Conference on Emerging Adulthood. Chicago, USA. 9-11 October 2013.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study examined views on romantic relationships against a background of changes in social contexts of love and work from ages 25 to 29. Thematic analysis of interviews with 124 Swedish late emerging adults revealed that a romantic relationship was important to most of the participant and that a majority of them wanted to get married. They expected loyalty, openness, stability, togetherness, and intimacy from the relationship. Reasons for getting married involved practical advantages and symbolical meanings. A strong norm toward establishing a romantic relationship in the late twenties was apparent in the results.
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| 39. |
- Wängqvist, Maria, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Within Family Patterns of Relative Parental Involvement Across Two Generations of Swedish Parents
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Family Psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0893-3200 .- 1939-1293. ; 36:7, s. 1240-1248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This prospective longitudinal study investigated father involvement relative to mother involvement in parent dyads across two generations from the same family. Relative parental involvement was operationalized using measures of how much parents shared parenting responsibilities and to whom their children turned preferentially in various situations. We hypothesized mean level increases towards more equal involvement for fathers and mothers across generations as well as intergenerational continuity of within-family patterns for both aspects of parental involvement. The longitudinal study involved 144 families and their first-born children, followed since 1982. The analyses involved the families of the 74 children who were parents themselves by age 33. Father involvement was lower than mother involvement in both generations. Results revealed mean level changes towards more equal sharing of responsibilities in the second generation, but no intergenerational changes in the likelihood that children would be more likely to turn to their fathers in various situations. There was intergenerational continuity within families in child preferences but not in the sharing of responsibilities. Together these findings imply that child preferences are related to within-family influences whereas other factors affect parents' sharing of responsibilities.
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