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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Bauters, Marijn, et al.
(författare)
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Contrasting nitrogen fluxes in African tropical forests of the Congo Basin
- 2019
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Ingår i: Ecological Monographs. - : Wiley. - 0012-9615 .- 1557-7015. ; 89:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The observation of high losses of bioavailable nitrogen (N) and N richness in tropical forests is paradoxical with an apparent lack of N input. Hence, the current concept asserts that biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) must be a major N input for tropical forests. However, well-characterized N cycles are rare and geographically biased; organic N compounds are often neglected and soil gross N cycling is not well quantified. We conducted comprehensive N input and output measurements in four tropical forest types of the Congo Basin with contrasting biotic (mycorrhizal association) and abiotic (lowland–highland) environments. In 12 standardized setups, we monitored N deposition, throughfall, litterfall, leaching, and export during one hydrological year and completed this empirical N budget with nitrous oxide (N2O) flux measurement campaigns in both wet and dry season and insitu gross soil N transformations using 15N-tracing and numerical modeling. We found that all forests showed a very tight soil N cycle, with gross mineralization to immobilization ratios (M/I) close to 1 and relatively low gross nitrification to mineralization ratios (N/M). This was in line with the observation of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) dominating N losses for the most abundant, arbuscular mycorrhizal associated, lowland forest type, but in contrast with high losses of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in all other forest types. Altogether, our observations show that different forest types in central Africa exhibit N fluxes of contrasting magnitudes and N-species composition. In contrast to many Neotropical forests, our estimated N budgets of central African forests are imbalanced by a higher N input than output, with organic N contributing significantly to the input-output balance. This suggests that important other losses that are unaccounted for (e.g., NOx and N2 as well as particulate N) might play a major role in the N cycle of mature African tropical forests.
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| 5. |
- Carlsson, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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Breaking the mold : Reinterpreting industrial digital transformation and co-workership
- 2024
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Ingår i: Abstract book WIL Conference 2024. - Trollhättan : University West. - 9789189325692 ; , s. 14-14
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper builds on the need to reinterpret industrial digital transformation and co-workership with the starting point that introducing and implementing digital initiatives is a multifaceted challenge for the manufacturing industry. Hence, this paper addresses how co-workership in manufacturing can be reinterpreted when navigating organizational and technological aspects of industrial digital transformation. To answer this, co-workers at different organizational levels have participated in five focus groups with a total of 25 participants to reinterpret industrial digital transformation over time, collaboratively structuring what the endeavors might entail. The results show that participants are positive towards digital technologies but critical towards organizational changes. It is argued that this affects the four conceptual pairs of the co-workership wheel. Thus, this paper contributes a revised model for co-workership for industrial digital transformation that contributes to the needed technological and organizational innovation
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| 6. |
- Carlsson, Linnea
(författare)
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Briefing : Calling for a norm-critical perspective of digitalisation
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers. - : ICE Publishing. - 1751-4304 .- 1751-4312. ; 175:3, s. 100-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A question that becomes important as the level of digitalisation increases in society and businesses is accounting for how one interprets digitalisation. There are positive examples of digitalisation in relation to gender, age and physical ability and how digital technologies can positively enhance a workplace, although the norm-critical perspective is seldom represented. A more dynamic perspective such as the norm-critical is needed to depict potential limiting structures or assumptions interpreted by digitalisation. This briefing paper takes on an interpretative approach using the Swedish manufacturing industry as a case to illustrate the perspectives related to gender, age and physical ability relative to digitalisation. The norm-critical perspective has formed the narrative and viewpoints presented in this paper. The aim is to highlight the norm-critical perspective as a potential analytical lens among researchers and industry professionals alike to understand how digitalisation is negotiated and given value and how digitalisation is manifested and interpreted to that given value.
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| 7. |
- Carlsson, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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Café seminar : Stimulating Work-Integrated Learning in Research Education
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Conference on Work Integrated Learning. - Trollhättan : University West. - 9789189325302 ; , s. 19-20
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Many enrolled doctoral students experience a lack of community and uncertainty due to temporary and unpredictable positions. For example, doctoral students in Sweden report feeling lonely and lacking a sense of togetherness regarding their doctoral research program and research community (Akademiet for yngre forskere, 2021; Fackförbundet ST and Sveriges Förenade Studentkårer, 2021). A recent report states that only 15 percent of doctoral students in Norway complete their education by the end of the original contract period (Fodstad-Larsen, 2022), and they are described to battle various psychosocial challenges related to their work, work environment, and work-life. The understanding of research community is, however, by no means a straightforward issue. How research communities develop is unclear, and the role and engagement of doctoral students within the community is equally challenging. Opportunities for social contact, academic discussions with fellow students, integra tion into the departmental community, and the possibility for doctoral students to become involved in the broader research culture are pointed out as triggers for a sense of togetherness (Brew et al., 2017). Nevertheless, these items reflect only a limited notion of a research community. For the triggers to contribute to a sense of togetherness and to a research community where the doctoral students experience learning as an integral part of the research education, it requires an operationalization of the triggers into tools and strategies.Finding tools for building a community and sense of togetherness may be a way to hinder the sense of distress among doctoral students. Furthermore, finding structures to create long-lasting communities may benefit continuous networking among doctoral students contributing to lifelong learning. In this paper, we will explore how "world-café" seminars can be used as a tool and stimulation for community building in research education.The case setting was one seminar session within a series of cross-border doctoral seminars designed to strengthen research collaboration between the participating higher education institutions and promote the exchange of experience and skills between doctoral students and research environments. The seminar series hosted 22 doctoral students from Norway and Sweden, and the participants had different academic backgrounds, belong to different research educations at different academic institutions, and are at different places in the process of the ir research education. The initiators of the seminars were the chairs of the doctoral forums at two academic institutions, one in Sweden and one in Norway. The chairs were also the ones guiding the participants through the café seminar process.A world café is a seminar form which essence is an intervention for organizational change and development or community building amongst individuals, e.g., doctoral students. Its defining characteristic is how communication is based on conversations structured as dialogue. Here, the dialogue is proposed to create a meaning flow between participants, resulting in shared meaning and opportunities for life-long learning as well as learning as an integral part of work or education. Prewitt (2011) describes the caf e's unique contribution as the interventional form; of structured conversation in short cycles, which deliberately mixes participants between cycles to maximize knowledge exchange.To initiate the café seminar, the essence of world café was introduced by the two chairs. The cafés were hosted by the same chairs, in the role as so-called café facilitators guiding the participants throughout the four cycles, each round lasting 20-30 minutes. In the first three cycles, one participant volunteered to be the tab le host with the position to anchor that table's conversation throughout multiple changes of visitors and potential changes of table hosts. The table host was responsible for holding the collective and evolving the topic at this table, and the other participants carried their collective and evolving stories with them. This café had four tables and three topics: i) Knowledge and Life-Long Learning ii) Transformation and Sustainable Development, iii) Social Sustainability. The "transformation and sustainable development" were discussed at two tables and the others at one each. In the first cycle, participants brainstormed in four smaller groups around the three topics the café facilitators presented. The second cycle started when a new composition of doctoral students gathered at each of the four café tablets.The table host presented a summary from the previous discussion before a new brainstorming and discussion started. In the third cycle, participants changed tables again. This time they were encouraged to formalize and concretize the brainstorming notes into a structure containing the research topic, motivation, research question, context, theory and methodology, and contribution. In the fourth and final cycle, the doctoral students formed self -selected writing groups around the three overall topics. At this stage, the café seminar had been going on for 2,5 hours, and the participants were no longer bound to stay in the venue to finish. Hence, the seminar ended with the forming of writing groups. All the writing groups were encouraged to work further with the aim of designing a common abstract. Eight doctoral students chose to continue with the topic of knowledge and life -long learning, four with the topic of transformation and sustainable development, and five chose the topic of social sustainability.Our findings, based on participatory observation, oral feedback from the participants, and evaluation filled in after the seminars, show that a dialogical seminar is well suited for deriving cross-disciplinary research experiences amongst doctoral students. Sharing and exchanging experiences promote work-integrated learning in a research community initiated and led by fellow doctoral students. In the feedback the participants in the café seminar reported a sense of togetherness by being included in a safe community with fellow colleagues. The formal structure of the café seminar provided mutual ground and formalized dialogues amongst doctoral students who would otherwise not meet, and this provided a tool to formulate initiatives for long-lasting communities across disciplines and higher institutions.
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| 8. |
- Carlsson, Linnea
(författare)
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Content analysis on management discourse in digitalization : A work in progress discussion paper
- 2020
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Ingår i: VILÄR. - Trollhättan : Högskolan Väst. - 9789188847867 ; , s. 22-23
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This discussion-based semi-structured literature review aim to map content analysis in digitalization for exploring the industrial management discourse. The complex puzzle we refer to as organizations and the question of technology as an inherited part in contemporary manufacturing companies are posed bringing challenges and changes for management in manufacturing companies. This paper reviews Digitalization, IT, The Digital, Smart Industry, I4.0, and Maturity as approaches to qualitative content analysis, elaborating on the level of abstraction and degree of interpretation used constructing categories and themes of meaning in the management discourse. Qualitative content analysis is an autonomous method and can be used at varying levels of abstraction and interpretation. Previous research has treated the phenomena of digitalization as something that needs an answer, others have turned to focus on the context of implications. Either way, digitalization has remained a conundrum relative the industrial management discourse. A key issue isto show the logic in how digitalization is depicted and connected to a management discourse to further understand the phenomena. Illuminating such connections is framed as part of the I-WIL research community’s learning, further presented as knowledge gaps probing future research. Drawing on Johansson et al.’s (2017) paper addressing knowledge gaps concerning work and organization, this discussion-based paper aims to address the broad phenomenon of digitalization through a management discourse; Reviewing state-of-the-art literature and presenting viewpoints of the aspects of digitalization showing knowledge gaps for future research using content analysis.
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| 9. |
- Carlsson, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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Desperately seeking industrial digital strategy : a dynamic capability approach
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Information Systems and Change Management. - : Inderscience Publishers. - 1479-3121 .- 1479-313X. ; 12:4, s. 345-364
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study focuses on managers’ perceptions of organisational capabilities for strategy formulation related to industrial digitalisation. A qualitative case study based on ten interviews in two manufacturing companies explores managers’ perceptions of industrial digitalisation. A dynamic capability framework, consisting of the organisational capabilities sensing, seizing, and transforming opportunities, is applied to recognise and analyse nuances in managers’ interpretation of prevailing organisational capabilities. Findings reveal that the studied companies have a limited maturity concerning knowledge, skills, and resources for industrial digitalisation which is needed in order to formulate a digital strategy. An additional core capability was discerned, i.e., ’seeking’. Seeking includes actions for articulating, appropriating, and involving in the very early phases of understanding and formulating a digital strategy. This article contributes to the existing dynamic capability framework by adding the core capability seeking illustrated in an elaborated and holistic ’dynamic capability loop’. The loop frames industrial digitalisation as a continuous process closely integrated with strategy formulation.
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| 10. |
- Carlsson, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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Ever Smoking is Not Associated with Performed Spirometry while Occupational Exposure and Respiratory Symptoms are
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. - 1178-2005. ; 18, s. 341-348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Despite recommendations, assessment using spirometry or peak expiratory flow is insufficient in the clinical evaluation of suspected obstructive pulmonary disease. The aim was to investigate factors associated with performing spirometry or peak flow expiratory flow assessment.Methods: Randomly selected subjects from the general population aged 50-65 completed a respiratory questionnaire with items about the history of previously performed spirometry or peak expiratory flow. The association between ever having had spirometry or peak expiratory flow performed was analyzed for smoking, age, sex, occupational exposures, dyspnea, wheeze, self-reported physician diagnosed asthma and COPD using multivariable logistic regression models. The results are presented as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).Results: Of the 1105 participants, 43.4% (n=479) had a history of previously performed spirometry or peak expiratory flow. Occupational exposure (OR 1.72, [95% CI] 1.30-2.27), wheeze (OR 2.29, 1.41-3.70), and dyspnea (OR 1.70, 1.11-2.60) were associated with previously performed spirometry. Compared to men, women had spirometry or peak expiratory flow performed less often (OR 0.67, 0.51-0.86). Neither current smoking (OR 0.83, 0.57-1.20) or former smoking (OR 1.27, 0.96-1.67) were associated with performed spirometry or peak expiratory flow.Conclusion: We found no relation between smoking status and a history of previously performed spirometry or peak expiratory flow in a population-based sample of middle-aged people. This is surprising regarding the strong guidelines which highlight the importance for spirometry surveillance on current smokers due to their increased risk of lung disease. Male sex, respiratory symptoms and occupational exposures to air pollution were associated with previously performed spirometry or peak expiratory flow. The association with occupational exposure may be an effect of pre-employment screening and workplace surveillance, and the findings indicate that females do not receive the same attention regarding spirometry or peak expiratory flow.
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| 11. |
- Carlsson, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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Ever Smoking is Not Associated with Performed Spirometry while Occupational Exposure and Respiratory Symptoms are
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of COPD. - 1176-9106. ; 18, s. 341-348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Despite recommendations, assessment using spirometry or peak expiratory flow is insufficient in the clinical evaluation of suspected obstructive pulmonary disease. The aim was to investigate factors associated with performing spirometry or peak flow expiratory flow assessment. Methods: Randomly selected subjects from the general population aged 50–65 completed a respiratory questionnaire with items about the history of previously performed spirometry or peak expiratory flow. The association between ever having had spirometry or peak expiratory flow performed was analyzed for smoking, age, sex, occupational exposures, dyspnea, wheeze, self-reported physician diagnosed asthma and COPD using multivariable logistic regression models. The results are presented as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results: Of the 1105 participants, 43.4% (n=479) had a history of previously performed spirometry or peak expiratory flow. Occupational exposure (OR 1.72, [95% CI] 1.30–2.27), wheeze (OR 2.29, 1.41–3.70), and dyspnea (OR 1.70, 1.11–2.60) were associated with previously performed spirometry. Compared to men, women had spirometry or peak expiratory flow performed less often (OR 0.67, 0.51–0.86). Neither current smoking (OR 0.83, 0.57–1.20) or former smoking (OR 1.27, 0.96–1.67) were associated with performed spirometry or peak expiratory flow. Conclusion: We found no relation between smoking status and a history of previously performed spirometry or peak expiratory flow in a population-based sample of middle-aged people. This is surprising regarding the strong guidelines which highlight the importance for spirometry surveillance on current smokers due to their increased risk of lung disease. Male sex, respiratory symptoms and occupational exposures to air pollution were associated with previously performed spirometry or peak expiratory flow. The association with occupational exposure may be an effect of pre-employment screening and workplace surveillance, and the findings indicate that females do not receive the same attention regarding spirometry or peak expiratory flow.
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| 12. |
- Carlsson, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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Managers’ Perceptions of Industrial Digitalization in the Early Phases of a Pandemic : A Qualitative Study
- 2022
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Ingår i: CEUR Workshop Proceedings. - : CEUR-WS. ; , s. 99-110
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper explores how managers in the manufacturing industry simultaneously accommodated industrial digitalization and the impact of COVID-19. Managers’ views and understanding of industrial digitalization during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic are narrated through the circumstances that came to their proxy during the spring of 2020. The study result is based on qualitative in-depth semi-structured interviews conducted with eight small- and medium-sized manufacturing managers. This study contributes by giving empirically informed implications on manufacturing managers’ perception of industrial digitalization during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings show that industrial digitalization due to the COVID-19 pandemic is viewed differently from previous digitalization processes, causing new ways for managers to perceive how and why digital technologies may be implemented. © 2022 Copyright for this paper by its authors.
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| 13. |
- Carlsson, Linnea
(författare)
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Social Aspects of Strategizing Industrial Digitalization
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis aims to contribute to understanding how contemporary Swedish manufacturing organizations can strategize industrial digitalization with an emerging focus on social aspects. It complements earlier research by highlighting Swedish manufacturing organizations as they stand at the intersection of Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0.The thesis is a longitudinal case study of interviews and focus groups between early 2019 and spring 2023. The case study follows an explorative approach to give texture to industrial digitalization and to understand the social aspects of strategizing industrial digitalization. It is limited to the Swedish context and the characteristics of original equipment manufacturers.The thesis contributes by texturizing industrial digitalization through three social aspects, which are argued to be a way for manufacturing organizations to give shape to industrial digitalization. The social aspects elaborated on and presented in this thesis are: to look beyond digital technologies, to formalize a shared understanding, and to transcend organizational structures. These social aspects are thematic but also interlinked. Together, these social aspects bring insights into how managers can guide the organizational capabilities to ensure synergy between an organization’s actions and objectives when strategizing industrial digitalization. Strategizing industrial digitalization should, therefore, be texturized by each organization to define and redefine its organizational capabilities. This means each organization's social aspects are unique, making the manufacturing organizations' capabilities unique.
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| 14. |
- Carlsson, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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Socio-demographic and psychosocial characteristics of male and female perpetrators in intimate partner homicide : A case-control study from Region Västra Götaland, Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 16:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Risk factor studies on male-perpetrated intimate partner homicide (IPH) are often compared with studies on intimate partner violence (IPV) or non-partner homicide perpetrators. This not only excludes female perpetrators, but also fails to take socio-demographic and psychosocial differences between perpetrators and the general population into consideration. The aim of this study was to examine male- and female-perpetrated IPH cases, and to compare socio-demographic factors in IPH perpetrators and in matched controls from the general population. Data were retrieved from preliminary inquiries, court records and national registers for 48 men and 10 women, who were perpetrators of IPH committed in 2000–2016 and residing in Region Västra Götaland, Sweden. The control group consisted of 480 men and 100 women matched for age, sex and residence parish. Logistic regression, yielding odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), was performed for male perpetrators and male controls to investigate associations for selected socio-demographic and psychosocial characteristics. This was not performed for females due to the small sample size. Female perpetrators were convicted of murder to a lesser extent than male perpetrators. No woman was sentenced to life imprisonment while five men were. Jealousy and separation were the most common motivational factors for male perpetration while the predominant factor for female perpetrators was subjection to IPV. Statistically significant differences were found between male perpetrators and male controls in unemployment rate (n = 47.9%/20.6%; OR 4.4; 95% CI 2.2–8.6), receiving benefits (n = 20.8%/4.8%; OR 5.2; 95% CI 2.3–11.7) and annual disposable income (n = 43.8%/23.3% low income; OR 5.2; 95% CI 1.9–14.2) one year prior to the crime. Female IPH perpetrators were less educated than female controls (≤ 9-year education 30%/12%) and were more often unemployed (70%/23%) one year before the crime. Male and female IPH perpetrators were socio-economically disadvantaged, compared with controls from the general population.
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| 15. |
- Carlsson, Linnea
(författare)
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Strategizing organizational capabilities for industrial digitalization : exploring managers’ technological frames
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management. - 1741-038X .- 1758-7786. ; 34:9, s. 20-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – This study draws on technological frames to provide an understanding of organizational processes of strategizing by exploring how strategizing organizational capabilities for industrial digitalization could be understood through managers’ perceptions of digital technology applications. This study complements earlier research focused on industry outcomes by addressing technological frames to understand how strategizing organizational capabilities within industrial digitalization may provide insight into socio-cognitive aspects which may affect technology-induced organizational change.Design/methodology/approach – The single case study uses 14 in-depth interviews collected over two years (October 2020 to February 2022). The study follows an interpretative research design exploring managers’ perceptions of industrial digitalization through a digitalization project.Findings – The case study contributes to research by emphasizing socio-cognitive aspects through technological frames exploring how and why managers’ perceptions of industrial digitalization affect strategizing organizational capabilities. The study contributes to practice by bringing attention to the disparate views of industrial digitalization. By illustrating how socio-cognitive aspects shape organizational capabilities, this study offers managers valuable insight into the relationship between an organization’s capabilities, the individual and the shared structures affecting a digitalization project.Research limitations/implications – The case study is limited to Swedish manufacturing industries and is not aiming to be transferred or generalized to other industrial contexts or countries.Originality/value – This study recognizes that strategizing organizational capabilities depends on managers’ ability to illuminate the socio-cognitive aspects. Hence, the study contributes to practice by bringing attention to the disparate views among managers on the enhancement efforts made using digital technologies.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Carlsson, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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Taking Responsibility for Industrial Digitalization : Navigating Organizational Challenges
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 14:2, s. 866-866
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, an employee perspective has been applied in aiming to explore how organizations face challenges and take responsibility for industrial digitalization, thus extending the research on the human-centric perspective in relation to Industry 4.0 technologies. To give emphasis to the human-centric perspective, the co-workership wheel was applied to identify and analyze data. The findings of an explorative longitudinal qualitative case study consisting of 35 in-depth interviews with informants from a manufacturing company were used. Additional data collection consisted of documents and project meetings. By applying a human-centric perspective, llessons learned from this case study show that taking responsibility for industrial digitalization is challenging and the importance of an adaptive organizational culture and a focus on learning and competence are crucial. We argue that the findings give useful implications for manufacturing organizations navigating the challenges of industrial digitalization to sense and seize the benefits of Industry 4.0 technologies.
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| 18. |
- Carlsson, Ninni, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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”Visa i handling vad arbetet mot mäns våld är värt”
- 2019
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Ingår i: Svenska Dagbladet. ; 2019:4 april
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Mitt i debatten om Josefin Nilsson och det våld mot henne som närstående berättar om i SVT-dokumentären ”Älska mig för den jag är”, tillkännager regeringen, C och L att de föreslår 45 miljoner i vårbudget för att bekämpa mäns våld mot kvinnor. Flera medier kallar det en storsatsning men är det verkligen det, frågar våldsforskare, #metoo-upprop och organisationer. Med hjälp av aktuell forskning argumenterar de för att detta är långt ifrån tillräckligt, kräver större vårbudget mot mäns våld mot kvinnor och bjuder in riksdag och regering till dialog.
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| 19. |
- de Blanche, Andreas, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Artificial and human aspects of Industry 4.0: an industrial work-integrated-learning research agenda
- 2021
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Ingår i: VILÄR. - 9789189325036
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The manufacturing industry is currently under extreme pressure to transform their organizations and competencies to reap the benefits of industry 4.0. The main driver for industry 4.0 is digitalization with disruptive technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, internet of things, digital platforms, etc. Industrial applications and research studies have shown promising results, but they rarely involve a human-centric perspective. Given this, we argue there is a lack of knowledge on how disruptive technologies take part in human decision-making and learning practices, and to what extent disruptive technologies may support both employees and organizations to “learn”. In recent research the importance and need of including a human-centric perspective in industry 4.0 is raised including a human learning and decision-making approach. Hence, disruptive technologies, by themselves, no longer consider to solve the actual problems.Considering the richness of this topic, we propose an industrial work-integrated-learning research agenda to illuminate a human-centric perspective in Industry 4.0. This work-in-progress literature review aims to provide a research agenda on what and how application areas are covered in earlier research. Furthermore, the review identifies obstacles and opportunities that may affect manufacturing to reap the benefits of Industry 4.0. As part of the research, several inter-disciplinary areas are identified, in which industrial work-integrated-learning should be considered to enhance the design, implementation, and use of Industry 4.0 technologies. In conclusion, this study proposes a research agenda aimed at furthering research on how industrial digitalization can approach human and artificial intelligence through industrial work-integrated-learning for a future digitalized manufacturing.
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| 20. |
- Eriksson, Kristina M., 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Beyond lean production practices and Industry 4.0 technologies toward the human-centric Industry 5.0
- 2024
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Ingår i: Technological Sustainability. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2754-1312 .- 2754-1320.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Both technological and human-centric perspectives need to be acknowledged when combining lean production practices and Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies. This study aims to explore and explain how lean production practices and I4.0 technologies may coexist to enhance the human-centric perspective of manufacturing operations in the era of Industry 5.0 (I5.0).Design/methodology/approach The research approach is an explorative and longitudinal case study. The qualitative data collection encompasses respondents from different job functions and organizational levels to cover the entire organization. In total, 18 interviews with 19 interviewees and five focus groups with a total of 25 participants are included.Findings Identified challenges bring forth that manufacturing organizations must have the ability to see beyond lean production philosophy and I4.0 to meet the demand for a human-centric perspective in socially sustainable manufacturing in the era of Industry 5.0. Practical implications The study suggests that while lean production practices and I4.0 practices may be considered separately, they need to be integrated as complementary approaches. This underscores the complexity of managing simultaneous organizational changes and new digital initiatives.Social implications The research presented illuminates the elusive phenomena comprising the combined aspects of a human-centric perspective, specifically bringing forth implications for the co-existence of lean production practices and I4.0 technologies, in the transformation towards I5.0.Originality/value The study contributes to new avenues of research within the field of socially sustainable manufacturing. The study provides an in-depth analysis of the human-centric perspective when transforming organizations towards Industry 5.0.
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| 21. |
- Eriksson, Kristina M., 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring Socially Sustainable, Smart Manufacturing : Building Bridges Over Troubled Waters
- 2024
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Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. - : Springer. - 2195-4356 .- 2195-4364. - 9783031381645 - 9783031381652 ; , s. 833-841
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Contemporary manufacturing organizations formulate strategies towards smart manufacturing. However, strategies often merely regard technological improvements of working processes and activities and pay limited attention to human-centric perspectives. This study addresses the complex phenomenon of reaching socially sustainable smart manufacturing by exploring the human-centric perspectives in the eras of Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0. Data were collected through an explorative qualitative case study with focus groups applying the history wall approach to document informants’ choices of activities that impact digitalization. To investigate informants’ interpretations and experiences of digital initiatives and prospects, the history wall approach was coupled with the analytical lens of the co-workership wheel, with its four conceptual pairs: trust and openness, community spirit and cooperation, engagement and meaningfulness, responsibility, and initiative. A total of 17 informants from different organizational levels at a case company participated. Activities, impacting digitalization, brought forward were grouped into technology, organization, and external impact. Results showed that human-centric and intangible perspectives surfaced as prerequisites when navigating industrial digitalization. Further, digital initiatives and prospects risk drowning in re-occurring organizational changes making successful implementation difficult. Thus, organizations cannot rely solely on technology, but must consider activities related to organizational aspects and impacts from the external environment, when introducing digital initiatives. Intrinsically, recognition of the co-workership concept, emphasizing human-centricity, can support the foundation necessary for bridging the gap towards socially sustainable smart manufacturing and strengthening the emerging I5.0 research.
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| 22. |
- Eriksson, Kristina M., 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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To digitalize or not? Navigating and merging human : and technology perspectives in production planning and control
- 2022
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. - : Springer Nature. - 0268-3768 .- 1433-3015.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Contemporary manufacturing companies are navigating industrial digitalization anticipating increased production efciency and competitiveness in a volatile environment. This study focuses on the implementation processes of digital tools for production planning and control (PPC), i.e., advanced planning and scheduling (APS) software, in relation to the application of analog planning with physical fow boards. Digital tools can support understanding the consequences of production changes and variations, hence facilitating adaptable and resilient manufacturing. However, technological changes can be daunting, and efective implementations require dynamic capabilities to remain competitive in elusive environments. The aim is to study the implementation processes of an APS software to understand the requirements of fruitfully moving from analog planning to next-generation digital tools for decision support in PPC. The paper presents an explorative case study, at a manufacturing company within the energy sector. The interview study took place over 9 months during 2020–2021, investigating current and retrospective aspects of the case across 2019–2021. The case study comprises 17 in-depth interviews with a range of company employees, e.g., logistics managers and functions responsible for digitalization development. The results highlight the challenges of implementing and especially trusting digital tools for PPC. To realize the value of digital tools for PPC, it is argued that it is imperative to simultaneously apply a human-centric perspective in decision making to ensure trustworthy, sustainable, and resilient human-data-technology nexus implementations towards smart manufacturing
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Fernström, Anna-Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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Stress in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) subjected to long-distance transport and simulated transport housing conditions
- 2008
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Ingår i: Stress. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1025-3890 .- 1607-8888. ; 11:6, s. 467-476
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The stress associated with transportation of non-human primates used in scientific research is an important but almost unexplored part of laboratory animal husbandry. The procedures and routines concerning transport are not only important for the animals' physical health but also for their mental health as well. The transport stress in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) was studied in two experiments. In Experiment 1, 25 adult female cynomolgus monkeys were divided into five groups of five animals each that received different diets during the transport phase of the experiment. All animals were transported in conventional single animal transport cages with no visual or tactile contact with conspecifics. The animals were transported by lorry for 24 h at ambient temperatures ranging between 20 degrees C and 35 degrees C. Urine produced before, during and after transport was collected and analysed for cortisol by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). All monkeys exhibited a significant increase in cortisol excretion per time unit during the transport and on the first day following transport.Although anecdotal reports concerning diet during transport, including the provision of fruits and/or a tranquiliser, was thought likely to influence stress responses, these were not corrobated by the present study. In Experiment 2, behavioural data were collected from 18 cynomolgus macaques before and after transfer from group cages to either single or pair housing, and also before and after a simulated transport, in which the animals were housed in transport cages. The single housed monkeys were confined to single transport cages and the pair housed monkeys were kept in their pairs in double size cages. Both pair housed and singly housed monkeys showed clear behavioural signs of stress soon after their transfer out of their group cages.However, stress-associated behaviours were more prevalent in singly housed animals than in pair housed animals, and these behaviours persisted for a longer time after the simulated transport housing event than in the pair housed monkeys. Our data confirm that the transport of cynomolgus monkeys is stressful and suggest that it would be beneficial for the cynomolgus monkeys to be housed and transported in compatible pairs from the time they leave their group cages at the source country breeding facility until they arrive at their final laboratory destination in the country of use.
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| 25. |
- Gaceb, Abderahim, et al.
(författare)
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Pericyte Microvesicles as Plasma Biomarkers Reflecting Brain Microvascular Signaling in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke
- 2024
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Ingår i: Stroke. - 0039-2499. ; 55:3, s. 558-568
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Blood-based biomarkers have the potential to reflect cerebrovascular signaling after microvascular injury; yet, the detection of cell-specific signaling has proven challenging. Microvesicles retain parental cell surface antigens allowing detection of cell-specific signaling encoded in their cargo. In ischemic stroke, the progression of pathology involves changes in microvascular signaling whereby brain pericytes, perivascular cells wrapping the microcapillaries, are one of the early responders to the ischemic insult. Intercepting the pericyte signaling response peripherally by isolating pericyte-derived microvesicles may provide not only diagnostic information on microvascular injury but also enable monitoring of important pathophysiological mechanisms. METHODS: Plasma samples were collected from patients with acute ischemic stroke (n=39) at 3 time points after stroke onset: 0 to 6 hours, 12 to 24 hours, and 2 to 6 days, and compared with controls (n=39). Pericyte-derived microvesicles were isolated based on cluster of differentiation 140b expression and quantified by flow cytometry. The protein content was evaluated using a proximity extension assay, and vascular signaling pathways were examined using molecular signature hallmarks and gene ontology. RESULTS: In this case-control study, patients with acute ischemic stroke showed significantly increased numbers of pericyte-derived microvesicles (median, stroke versus controls) at 12 to 24 hours (1554 versus 660 microvesicles/μL; P=0.0041) and 2 to 6 days after stroke (1346 versus 660 microvesicles/μL; P=0.0237). Their proteome revealed anti-inflammatory properties mediated via downregulation of Kirsten rat sarcoma virus and IL (interleukin)-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling at 0 to 6 hours, but proangiogenic as well as proinflammatory signals at 12 to 24 hours. Between 2 and 6 days, proteins were mainly associated with vascular remodeling as indicated by activation of Hedgehog signaling in addition to proangiogenic signals. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that the plasma of patients with acute ischemic stroke reflects (1) an early and time-dependent increase of pericyte-derived microvesicles and (2) changes in the protein cargo of microvesicles over time indicating cell signaling specifically related to inflammation and vascular remodeling.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Hattinger, Monika, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Reviewing human-centric themes in intelligent manufacturing research
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Conference on Work Integrated Learning. - Trollhättan : University West. - 9789189325302 ; , s. 125-127
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the era of Industry 4.0, emergent digital technologies generate profound transformations in the industry toward developing intelligent manufacturing. The technologies included in Industry 4.0 are expected to bring new perspectives to the industry on how manufacturing can integrate new solutions to get maximum output with minimum resource utilization (Kamble et al., 2018). Industry 4.0 technologies create a great impact on production systems and processes, however, affect organizational structures and working life conditions by disrupting employees’ everyday practices and knowledge, in which competence and learning, human interaction, and organizational structures are key. Hence, new digital solutions need to be integrated with work and learning to generate more holistic and sustainable businesses (Carlsson et al., 2021).The core Industry 4.0 technologies are built on cyber-physical systems (CPS), cloud computing, and the Internet of things (IoT) (Kagermann et al., 2013; Zhou et al., 2018). In recent years, an array of additional technologies has been developed further, such as artificial intelligence (AI), big data analytics, augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR), cyber security, robotics, and automation. Industry 4.0 aims to create a potential for faster delivery times, more efficient and automated processes, higher quality, and customized products (Zheng et al., 2021). Hence, the ongoing transformation through the technological shift of production in combination with market demands pushes the industry and its production process.Recent research has substantially contributed to an increased understanding of the technological aspects of Industry 4.0. However, the utilization of technologies is only a part of the complex puzzle making up Industry 4.0 (Kagermann et al., 2013; Zheng et al., 2021). The impact Industry 4.0 technologies and application s have on the industrial context also changes and disrupts existing and traditional work practices (Taylor et al., 2020), management and leadership (Saucedo-Martínez et al., 2018), learning and skills (Tvenge & Martinsen, 2018), and education (Das et al., 2020). This research has shown a growing interest in human-centric aspects of Industry 4.0 (Nahavandi, 2019), i.e., the transformative effects Industry 4.0 has on humans, workplace design, organizational routines, skills, learning, etc. However, these aspects are scarcely considered in-depth. Given this, and from a holistic point of view, there is a need to understand intelligent manufacturing practice from a human-centric perspective, where issues of work practices and learning are integrated, herein refe rred to as industrial work-integrated learning. I-WIL is a research area that particularly pays attention to knowledge production and learning capabilities related to use and development when technology and humans co -exist in industrial work settings (Shahlaei & Lundh Snis, 2022). Even if Industry 4.0 still is relevant for continuous development, a complementary Industry 5.0 has arisen to provide efficiency and productivity as the sole goals to reinforce a sustainable, human-centric, and resilient manufacturing industry (Breque et al., 2021; Nahavandi, 2019).Given this situation, the research question addressed here is: How does state-of-the-art research of Industry 4.0 technologies and applications consider human-centric aspects? A systematic literature review was conducted aiming to identify a future research agenda that emphasizes human-centric aspects of intelligent manufacturing, that will contribute to the field of manufacturing research and practices. This question was based on very few systematic literature reviews, considering Industry 4.0 research incorporating human -centric aspects for developing intelligent manufacturing (Kamble et al., 2018; Zheng et al., 2021). The literature review study was structured by the design of Xiao and Watson’s (2019) methodology consisting of the steps 1) Initial corpus creation, 2) Finalizing corpus, and 3) Analyzing corpus, and we also used a bibliometric approach throughout the search process (Glänzel & Schoepflin, 1999). The keyword selection was categorized into three groups of search terms, “industry 4.0”, “manufacturing”, and “artificial intelligence”, see figure 1. (Not included here)Articles were collected from the meta -databases EBSCOhost, Scopus, Eric, and the database AIS, to quantify the presence of human-centric or human-involved AI approaches in recent manufacturing research. A total of 999 scientific articles were collected and clustered based on a list of application areas to investigate if there is a difference between various areas in which artificial intelligence is used. The application areas are decision -making, digital twin, flexible automation, platformization, predictive maintenance, predictive quality, process optimization, production planning, and quality assessment.Throughout the review process, only articles that included both AI and human -centric aspects were screened and categorized. The final corpus included 386 articles of which only 93 articles were identified as human -centric. These articles were categorized into three themes: 1) organizational change, 2) competence and learning, and 3) human-automation interaction. Theme 1 articles related mostly to the application areas of flexible automation (11), production planning (9), and predictive maintenance (5). Theme 2 concerned the application areas of production planning and quality assessment (7), and process optimization (7).Finally, theme 3 mainly focused on flexible automation (10), digital twin (3), and platformization (3). The rest of the corpus only consisted of one or two articles in related application areas. To conclude, only a few articles were found that reinforce human -centric themes for Industry 4.0 implementations. The literature review identified obstacles and opportu nities that affect manufacturing organizations to reap the benefits of Industry 4.0. Hence, I-WIL is proposed as a research area to inform a new research agenda that captures human and technological integration of Industry 4.0 and to further illuminate human-centric aspects and themes for future sustainable intelligent manufacturing.
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| 28. |
- Holmstrom, Jesper, et al.
(författare)
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Do we Read what we Share? Analyzing the Click Dynamic of News Articles Shared on Twitter
- 2019
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Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2019 IEEE/ACM INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN SOCIAL NETWORKS ANALYSIS AND MINING (ASONAM 2019). - New York, NY, USA : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781450368681 ; , s. 420-425
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- News and information spread over social media can have big impact on thoughts, beliefs, and opinions. It is therefore important to understand the sharing dynamics on these forums. However, most studies trying to capture these dynamics rely only on Twitters open APIs to measure how frequently articles are shared/retweeted, and therefore do not capture how many users actually read the articles linked in these tweets. To address this problem, in this paper, we first develop a novel measurement methodology, which combines the Twitter steaming API, the Bitly API, and careful sample rate selection to simultaneously collect and analyze the timeline of both the number of retweets and clicks generated by news article links. Second, we present a temporal analysis of the news cycle based on five-day-long traces (containing both clicks and retweet over time) for the news article links discovered during a seven-day period. Among other things, our analysis highlights differences in the relative timelines observed for clicks and retweets (e.g., retweet data often lags and underestimates the bias towards reading popular links/articles), and helps answer important questions regarding differences in how age-based biases and churn affect how frequently news articles shared on Twitter are accessed over time.
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| 29. |
- Imgenberg-Kreuz, Juliana, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in multiple tissues in primary Sjögren's syndrome reveals regulatory effects at interferon-induced genes
- 2016
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Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - : BMJ. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 75:11, s. 2029-2036
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Increasing evidence suggests an epigenetic contribution to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including primary Sjögren's Syndrome (pSS). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of DNA methylation in pSS by analysing multiple tissues from patients and controls.METHODS: Genome-wide DNA methylation profiles were generated using HumanMethylation450K BeadChips for whole blood, CD19+ B cells and minor salivary gland biopsies. Gene expression was analysed in CD19+ B cells by RNA-sequencing. Analysis of genetic regulatory effects on DNA methylation at known pSS risk loci was performed.RESULTS: We identified prominent hypomethylation of interferon (IFN)-regulated genes in whole blood and CD19+ B cells, including at the genes MX1, IFI44L and PARP9, replicating previous reports in pSS, as well as identifying a large number of novel associations. Enrichment for genomic overlap with histone marks for enhancer and promoter regions was observed. We showed for the first time that hypomethylation of IFN-regulated genes in pSS B cells was associated with their increased expression. In minor salivary gland biopsies we observed hypomethylation of the IFN-induced gene OAS2. Pathway and disease analysis resulted in enrichment of antigen presentation, IFN signalling and lymphoproliferative disorders. Evidence for genetic control of methylation levels at known pSS risk loci was observed.CONCLUSIONS: Our study highlights the role of epigenetic regulation of IFN-induced genes in pSS where replication is needed for novel findings. The association with altered gene expression suggests a functional mechanism for differentially methylated CpG sites in pSS aetiology.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Knochel, Jane, et al.
(författare)
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A Markov model of fibrosis development in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease predicts fibrosis progression in clinical cohorts
- 2023
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Ingår i: CPT. - : WILEY. - 2163-8306. ; 12:12, s. 2038-2049
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Disease progression in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is highly heterogenous and remains poorly understood. Fibrosis stage is currently the best predictor for development of end-stage liver disease and mortality. Better understanding and quantifying the impact of factors affecting NASH and fibrosis is essential to inform a clinical study design. We developed a population Markov model to describe the transition probability between fibrosis stages and mortality using a unique clinical nonalcoholic fatty liver disease cohort with serial biopsies over 3 decades. We evaluated covariate effects on all model parameters and performed clinical trial simulations to predict the fibrosis progression rate for external clinical cohorts. All parameters were estimated with good precision. Age and diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) were found to be significant predictors in the model. Increase in hepatic steatosis between visits was the most important predictor for progression of fibrosis. Fibrosis progression rate (FPR) was twofold higher for fibrosis stages 0 and 1 (F0-1) compared to fibrosis stage 2 and 3 (F2-3). A twofold increase in FPR was observed for T2D. A two-point steatosis worsening increased the FPR 11-fold. Predicted fibrosis progression was in good agreement with data from external clinical cohorts. Our fibrosis progression model shows that patient selection, particularly initial fibrosis stage distribution, can significantly impact fibrosis progression and as such the window for assessing drug efficacy in clinical trials. Our work highlights the increase in hepatic steatosis as the most important factor in increasing FPR, emphasizing the importance of well-defined lifestyle advise for reducing variability in NASH progression during clinical trials.
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| 32. |
- Larsson, Mats-Ola, et al.
(författare)
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Bilars optimala livslängd - Effekter av personbilars livslängd på klimat, emissioner, värdefulla material och trafiksäkerhet
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Studien analyserar personbilars livslängd utifrån klimat, kväveoxider, partiklar, värdefulla material och trafiksäkerhet.En snabbare omsättning kan minska dödsrisker och olycksrisker, växthusgasutsläpp och kväveoxider. Samtidigt skulle behoven av värdefulla material öka.Beräkningar redovisas med ett bokföringsperspektiv men konsekvensanalyser görs även på systemnivå i perspektiven global och europeisk utsläppspolitik och svensk reduktionsplikt, samt med monetära värderingar.Studien fann inte någon omsättningstakt som vore optimal utifrån alla dessa aspekter.
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| 33. |
- Lindström, Jonas, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Uppgifter om mäns och kvinnors försörjningsaktiviteter i häradsrättens protokoll, Snevringe (Västmanland), perioden 1720-1880
- 2020
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Annan publikationabstract
- Uppgifter om mäns och kvinnors försörjningsaktiviteter i Snevringe (Västmanland) häradsrätts protokoll har transkriberats och analyserats, och källtext och källtrogna variabler registrerats bokstavstroget, av Jonas Lindström, Benny Jacobsson, Carl Mikael Carlsson, Karin Hassan Jansson, Linnea Henningsson, Maria Ågren, Sarah Vorminder och Örjan Kardell, inom forskningsprojektet Gender and Work.Kvalitetskontroll är utförd av Sofia Ling och Jonas Lindström.Analys av källmaterialet har gjorts av Benny Jacobsson, Carl Mikael Carlsson, Karin Hassan Jansson, Linnea Henningsson, Maria Ågren, Sarah Vorminder, Örjan Kardell inom projektet Gender and Work https://www.uu.se/gawMaterialet är sökbart i databasen GAW - https://gotham.ddb.umu.se/
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| 34. |
- Lundh Snis, Ulrika, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Artificial and Human Intelligence through Learning : How Industry Applications Need Human-in-the-loop
- 2020
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Ingår i: VILÄR. - Trollhättan : Högskolan Väst. - 9789188847867 ; , s. 24-26
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study addresses work-integrated learning from a workplace learning perspective.Two companies within the manufacturing industry (turbo machinery and aerospace) together with a multi-disciplinary research group explore the opportunities and challenges related to applications of artificial intelligence and human intelligence and how such applications can integrate and support learning at the workplace.The manufacturing industry is currently under extreme pressure to transform their organizations and competencies to reap the benefits of industry 4.0. The main driverf or industry 4.0 is digitalization with disruptive technologies such as artificial intelligence, internet of things, machine learning, cyber-physical systems, digital platforms, etc. Many significant studies have highlighted the importance of human competence and learning in connection to industry 4.0 in general and disruptive technologies and its transformative consequences in particular. What impact have such technologies on employees and their workplace?There is a lack of knowledge on how artificial intelligent systems actually take part in practices of human decision making and learning and to what extent disruptive technology may support both employees and organizations to “learn”. The design and use of three real-world cases of artificial intelligence applications (as instances of industry 4.0 initiatives) will form the basis of how to support human decision making and scale up for strategic action and learning. Following a work-integratedapproach the overall research question has been formulated together with the two industry partners: How can artificial and human intelligence and learning, interact tobring manufacturing companies into Industry 4.0? An action-oriented research approach with in-depth qualitative and quantitative methods will be used in order to make sense and learn about new applications and data set related to a digitalized production.The contribution of this study will be three lessons learned along with a generic model for learning and organizing in the context of industry 4.0 initiatives. Tentative findings concern how artificial and human intelligence can be smartly integrated into the human work organization, i.e. the workplace. Many iterations of integrating the two intelligences are required. We will discuss a preliminary process-model called “Super8”, in which AI systems must allow for providing feedback on progress as well as being able to incorporate high-level human input in the learning process. The practical implication of the study will be industrialized in the collaborating
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| 35. |
- Olsson, Anna Karin, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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A co-workership approach on digital transformation : Towards smart manufacturing
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Association for Computer Information Systems - Europe June 23, 2022. - : International Association for Computer Information Systems.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Digital transformation refers to the process of organizational change, evolving over time for value creation and appropriation aiding for smart manufacturing (Skog, 2019). Regarding the role of organizational means, there is an embedded dynamic generator of challenges, opportunities, and resources that affect the digital transformation at various organizational levels related to social factors such as values, culture, and trust (Ibid). Earlier studies of the Swedish manufacturing industry imply that as the number of digital technologies increase within organizations, while striving towards becoming a smart factory, cooperation and social factors become more imperative (Björkdahl, 2020). By following this reasoning, understanding organizational prerequisites that facilitate the human-centric perspective in relation to digital transformation is crucial when approaching smart manufacturing by moving from Industry 4.0 (I4.0) towards Industry 5.0 (I5.0) (Navarandi, 2019). It is argued that a prerequisite for digital transformation is the employees’ ability to cross organizational boundaries both horizontally and vertically (Carlsson et al., 2022) challenging management. The aim of this study is to explore organizational prerequisites for co-workership in digital transformation towards smart manufacturing. The concept of the co-workership wheel reflects the employee as an autonomous actor within the organization. As such, co-workership is vital for managing organizational change, e.g., digital transformation, capturing employees’ initiatives and prospects (Andersson, et al. 2021). As illustrated in Figure 1 the co-workership wheel consists of four conceptual pairs: Trust and Openness; Community Spirit and Cooperation; Engagement and Meaningfulness; Responsibility and Initiative. Together these four pairs describe the foundation for co-workership within the organization, feedbacking a development process towards smart manufacturing.Inspired by the application of the co-workership wheel in the health care sector (ibid), this study builds on previous work by Carlsson et al. (2022) to further contribute to the exploration of co-workership in the manufacturing sector strengthening the I5.0 emerging research. By applying a qualitative case-study, organizational prerequisites for co-workership in digital transformation are explored (Yin, 2018). The term co-worker is herein applied in a general sense to explore employees’ experiences covering both managerial levels and service functions. The case company is a large manufacturing organization in the Swedish energy sector. In-depth interviews (n=29) were conducted over nine months (Oct. 20 – Jun. 21), exploring co-workers' current and retrospective experiences of the early phases of digital transformation. Referral sampling was applied for selecting informants from functions such as design, quality, production, logistics, digitalization development leaders, and corporate service functions including HR, IT, and financial controllers. Access was granted to six internal documents guiding all employees covering the organization’s strategic work with industrial digitalization, vision, and core values: responsibility, excellence, and innovation. Several rounds of data analysis followed, identifying organizational prerequisites related to each of the four conceptual pairs (Andersson et al., 2020) through a coding scheme based on the co-workership wheel, Findings show that employees interpreted digital transformation as difficult to navigate due to limited communication and cooperation across the organization. Furthermore, the need for trust in digital technologies and employee engagement for transformation are emphasized by informants. Thus, it is argued that an adaptive organizational culture and a focus on learning and competence are necessary organizational prerequisites for translating the means of digital transformation. Managers in the manufacturing sector hence need awareness and understanding of when and how to apply co-workership for transformational change. Manufacturing cultures need to absorb a more human-centric perspective when navigating I4.0, moving in incremental steps encompassing the whole organization, rather than treating digital transformation as scattered and disruptive activities. We argue that the findings give useful implications for manufacturing organizations navigating the challenges of digital transformation to reach the benefits of smart manufacturing. As digital transformation cuts across organizational structures and working processes, there is a need to highlight a human-centric perspective on smart manufacturing by applying the conceptual pairs of the co-workership wheel. Lessons learned show that by applying a co-workership approach with its aspects of trust and openness, community spirit and cooperation, engagement and meaningfulness, responsibility and initiatives, management needs to encourage organizational prerequisites such as an adaptive culture and learning and competence for reaching and sustaining a human-centric perspective on digital transformation.
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| 36. |
- Olsson, Anna Karin, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Management toward Industry 5.0 : a co-workership approach on digital transformation for future innovative manufacturing
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Journal of Innovation Management. - 1460-1060 .- 1758-7115. ; , s. 1-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose –The purpose is to apply the co-workership approach to contribute guidelines for manufacturing managers to exploit the potential of digital technologies through a human-centric perspective.Design/methodology/approach –A longitudinal single case study within manufacturing including a mix of qualitative methods with 18 in-depth interviews and focus groups with 25 participants covering all organizational levels and functions.Findings –Findings demonstrate that to re-interpret manufacturing management through the lens of Industry 5.0 (I5.0), managers need to respond to the call for a more human-centric perspective by focusing on organizational prerequisites, such as holistic understanding, inclusive organizational change, leadership practices, learning and innovation processes.Research limitations/implications –Limitations due to a single case study are compensated with rich data collected over time with the strengths of mixed methods through in-depth interviews and focus groups with participants reflecting and developing ideas jointly.Practical implications –Managers’ awareness of organizational prerequisites to promote human perspectives in all functions and at all levels in digital transformation is pivotal. Thus, proposed organizational prerequisites are presented as managers’ guidelines for future innovative manufacturing.Social implications –Findings emphasize the need for digital transformation managers to apply a human-centric perspective acknowledging how organizational changes affect the inclusion of employees, and thus challenge culture, structure, communication and trust toward I5.0.Originality/value –The study contributes to the emerging field of I5.0 by applying an interdisciplinary approach to understand the elusive phenomena of enfolding technology and humans.
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| 37. |
- Paramastri, Yasmina, et al.
(författare)
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Urinary and fecal immunoglobulin A, cortisol and 11-17 dioxoandrostanes, and serum cortisol in metabolic cage housed female cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Primatology. - : Wiley. - 0047-2565 .- 1600-0684. ; 36:6, s. 355-364
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and methods: Quantitative enzyme-immunoassays of urinary and fecal immunoglobulin A (IgA), cortisol and 11-17-dioxoandrostanes (11,17-DOA), and serum cortisol in eight metabolic-cage-housed female cynomolgus monkeys were performed. The monkeys were divided into two groups, B and NB. Group B animals were blood sampled every 6 hours, whereas Group NB animals were not handled/blood sampled. Results: No differences were recorded between the amounts of feces and urine excreted by the two groups. Group B animals excreted more urinary cortisol than did Group NB animals indicating that restraint-blood sampling resulted in a stress response. Excreted amounts of IgA and 11,17-DOA (urine and feces) did not differ between the groups. Conclusion: Urinary cortisol was a reliable marker of the stress associated with repeated blood sampling. Declining amounts of excreted urinary cortisol indicated that cynomolgus monkeys acclimated quickly to repeated blood sampling in metabolism cages. Within and between animal variation in amounts of feces voided demonstrated the importance of expressing fecal markers as 'amounts excreted per time unit per kg body weight' rather than just measuring the concentrations in fecal samples.
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| 38. |
- Qvirist, Linnea, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing phytase activity–methods, definitions and pitfalls.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Methods (JBM). - : Journal of Biological Methods. - 2326-9901. ; 2:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phytases are nutritionally important for increased bioavailability of dietary minerals and phosphate for monogastric animals including humans. Release of minerals and phosphate is accomplished by the enzymatic stepwise degradation of phytate (inositol hexaphosphate, IP6). Activity determinations of phytase is often based on analysis of total released phosphate (Pi), but phytase activity in its purest form represents released product per time from IP6 only. Microbial and plant preparations often also contain mixtures of phosphatases and organic phosphate compounds; hence some released phosphate in enzymatic assays may originate from non-phytase phosphatases degrading non-phytate molecules. Moreover, even purified enzyme extracts assessed via Pi release may result in errors, since commercial IP6 commonly contains contamination of lower inositol phosphates, and further, the products of phytase IP6 hydrolysis are also substrates for the phytase. These facts motivate a quantitative comparative study. We compared enzyme activity determination in phytase assay samples at four different time points, based on analyzing the substrate IP6 versus the product Pi using different selected methods. The calculated activities varied substantially. For example, at 15 min into enzymatic assay, variations from 152 mU/ml (by IP6 analysis on HPIC) to 275-586 mU/ml (by Pi analysis using several methods) was detected. Our work emphasizes the importance of defining the type of activity assessed, showing that phytase activity based on released Pi may yield false positive results and/or overestimations. We propose to differentiate between phytase activity, being the activity by which IP6 is degraded, and total inositol phosphatase activity, corresponding to total released phosphate during the enzymatic reaction.
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| 39. |
- Skarping, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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The implementation of a noninvasive lymph node staging (NILS) preoperative prediction model is cost effective in primary breast cancer
- 2022
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Ingår i: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0167-6806 .- 1573-7217. ; 194:3, s. 577-586
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The need for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in clinically node-negative (cN0) patients is currently questioned. Our objective was to investigate the cost-effectiveness of a preoperative noninvasive lymph node staging (NILS) model (an artificial neural network model) for predicting pathological nodal status in patients with cN0 breast cancer (BC). Methods: A health-economic decision-analytic model was developed to evaluate the utility of the NILS model in reducing the proportion of cN0 patients with low predicted risk undergoing SLNB. The model used information from a national registry and published studies, and three sensitivity/specificity scenarios of the NILS model were evaluated. Subgroup analysis explored the outcomes of breast-conserving surgery (BCS) or mastectomy. The results are presented as cost (€) and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) per 1000 patients. Results: All three scenarios of the NILS model reduced total costs (–€93,244 to –€398,941 per 1000 patients). The overall health benefit allowing for the impact of SLNB complications was a net health gain (7.0–26.9 QALYs per 1000 patients). Sensitivity analyses disregarding reduced quality of life from lymphedema showed a small loss in total health benefits (0.4–4.0 QALYs per 1000 patients) because of the reduction in total life years (0.6–6.5 life years per 1000 patients) after reduced adjuvant treatment. Subgroup analyses showed greater cost reductions and QALY gains in patients undergoing BCS. Conclusion: Implementing the NILS model to identify patients with low risk for nodal metastases was associated with substantial cost reductions and likely overall health gains, especially in patients undergoing BCS.
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| 40. |
- Spante, Maria, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Triggering sustainable professional agency : using change laboratory to tackle unequal access to educational success collectively
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Workplace Learning. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1366-5626 .- 1758-7859. ; 34:2, s. 162-175
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose This study aims to depict how a change laboratory (CL) promotes sustainable professional practice at the workplace to tackle unequal access to educational success.Design/methodology/approach The empirical findings are from a CL focusing on school professionals’ agency and a follow-up study one year after the CL.Findings The study shows how the staff gained insight that professional agency is a collective and relational practice. Furthermore, the staff explored how to make a difference with viable means to create new workplace models for students’ success despite experiencing a conundrum.Research limitations/implications This study examined participants’ perspectives in workplace change and provided support for further research examining how professionally and collectively designed models gain sustainability in schools.Practical implications This study provides empirical data of how professional agency for change driven by collective visions can be accelerated with the interventionist method CL among school professionals.Social implications This study emphasizes the value of professional collective learning at the workplace, driven by several professional groups in school, and the need to follow up to detect sustainable change.Originality/value This study emphasizes the value of professional collective learning at the workplace, driven by several professional groups in school, and the need to follow up to detect sustainable change.
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| 41. |
- Stenson, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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Användarstyrt förvärv: Slutrapport för PDA-projektet vid Lunds Universitets bibliotek
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Lunds Universitets bibliotek testade mellan oktober 2013 och juli 2014 förvärvsmodellen Patron Driven Acquisition (PDA) via e-boksaggregatorn EBL. Arbetet med testet sattes upp i projektform. I följande rapport beskrivs modellen, projektgruppens förberedelsearbete samt resultat av projektet.
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| 42. |
- Thimrén, Linnéa, 1993-
(författare)
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Näcken
- 2017
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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