| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Ahlberg, Ernst, et al.
(author)
-
Using conformal prediction to prioritize compound synthesis in drug discovery
- 2017
-
In: Proceedings of Machine Learning Research. - Stockholm : Machine Learning Research. ; , s. 174-184
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The choice of how much money and resources to spend to understand certain problems is of high interest in many areas. This work illustrates how computational models can be more tightly coupled with experiments to generate decision data at lower cost without reducing the quality of the decision. Several different strategies are explored to illustrate the trade off between lowering costs and quality in decisions.AUC is used as a performance metric and the number of objects that can be learnt from is constrained. Some of the strategies described reach AUC values over 0.9 and outperforms strategies that are more random. The strategies that use conformal predictor p-values show varying results, although some are top performing.The application studied is taken from the drug discovery process. In the early stages of this process compounds, that potentially could become marketed drugs, are being routinely tested in experimental assays to understand the distribution and interactions in humans.
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| 4. |
- Bademci, Guney, et al.
(author)
-
FOXF2 is required for cochlear development in humans and mice.
- 2019
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In: Human molecular genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2083 .- 0964-6906. ; 28:8, s. 1286-1297
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Molecular mechanisms governing the development of the human cochlea remain largely unknown. Through genome sequencing, we identified a homozygous FOXF2 variant c.325A>T (p.I109F) in a child with profound sensorineural hearing loss associated with incomplete partition type I anomaly of the cochlea. This variant is not found in public databases or in over 1,000 ethnicity-matched control individuals. I109 is a highly conserved residue in the forkhead box (Fox) domain of FOXF2, a member of the Fox protein family of transcription factors that regulate the expression of genes involved in embryogenic development as well as adult life. Our in vitro studies show that the half-life of mutant FOXF2 is reduced compared to that of wildtype. Foxf2 is expressed in the cochlea of developing and adult mice. The mouse knockout of Foxf2 shows shortened and malformed cochleae, in addition to altered shape of hair cells with innervation and planar cell polarity defects. Expressions of Eya1 and Pax3, genes essential for cochlear development, are reduced in the cochleae of Foxf2 knockout mice. We conclude that FOXF2 plays a major role in cochlear development and its dysfunction leads to sensorineural hearing loss and developmental anomalies of the cochlea in humans and mice.
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| 5. |
- Bangemann, Thomas, et al.
(author)
-
State of the Art in Industrial Automation
- 2014
-
In: Industrial Cloud-Based Cyber-Physical Systems. - Cham : Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag. - 9783319056234 - 9783319056241 ; , s. 23-47
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the last decades, industrial automation has become a driving force in all production systems. Technologies and architectures have emerged alongside the growing organisational structures of production plants. Every innovation had to start from the latest state-of-the-art systems within the respective domain. While investigating the introduction of service-oriented architectures to automation, and even down to the shop floor, one has to consider latest standards, proofed technologies, industrial solutions and latest research works in the automation domain. This chapter tries, without any claim to completeness, to provide a short summary of today’s situation and trends in automation.
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| 6. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(author)
-
A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
-
In: eLIFE. - 2050-084X. ; 5
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.522.7) and 16.5 cm (13.319.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 7. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(author)
-
A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
-
In: eLIFE. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 5
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5–22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3– 19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8– 144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 8. |
- Berggren, Peter, 1971-, et al.
(author)
-
The importance of using the designated duty officers when assessing the medical response organization
- 2017
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- BackgroundAn important aspect of disaster medicine is to be proactive and respond quickly when disaster strikes. In Sweden, the role responsible for swift medical response on the regional level is the designated duty officer.MethodsA large exercise to assess national medical response ability was conducted. Seven medical regional staffs (a total of 93 individuals participated as tested participants) were involved in handling a large train accident scenario. The exercise was run for 5 hours, where the different regional staffs were located at their regular command posts. The exercise was organized using Emergo Train Systems.ResultsSeveral capabilities were identified during the exercise as important for the organization to maintain the ability to handle a similar event: documentation and operational picture, communication and terminology, command of resources, strategy for distribution of resources, national co-ordination, and exercise development.The designated duty officers were central to the exercise in several aspects: 1) in developing and verifying a realistic scenario and preparing background information, 2) as participants in the exercise, 3) assessors of the staffs’ behaviors, and 4) as domain experts when interpreting the exercise outcome.ConclusionsUsing subject matter experts is central to many research domains. However, the more complex a situation is the larger the demand of expertise is. The technical platform allows for coordinating complex exercises, whereas the subject matter expert in terms of the designated duty officer is required to guarantee validity and reliability in these large-scale exercises.Key messages:Running complex scenarios to train and test abilities requires subject matter experts in both planning, preparation, implementation, and assessment.Sophisticated simulator and training platforms, such as Emergo Train Systems, facilitates while the designated duty officers are necessary to guarantee validity and reliability in the exercise.
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| 9. |
- Bruhner, Carl Magnus, 1988-, et al.
(author)
-
Changing of the Guards: Certificate and Public Key Management on the Internet
- 2022
-
In: Passive and active measurement (PAM 2022). - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783030987855 - 9783030987848 ; , s. 50-80
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Certificates are the foundation of secure communication over the internet. However, not all certificates are created and managed in a consistent manner and the certificate authorities (CAs) issuing certificates achieve different levels of trust. Furthermore, user trust in public keys, certificates, and CAs can quickly change. Combined with the expectation of 24/7 encrypted access to websites, this quickly evolving landscape has made careful certificate management both an important and challenging problem. In this paper, we first present a novel server-side characterization of the certificate replacement (CR) relationships in the wild, including the reuse of public keys. Our data-driven CR analysis captures management biases, highlights a lack of industry standards for replacement policies, and features successful example cases and trends. Based on the characterization results we then propose an efficient solution to an important revocation problem that currently leaves web users vulnerable long after a certificate has been revoked.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Carlsson, Anders, et al.
(author)
-
Plasma proteome profiling reveals biomarker patterns associated with prognosis and therapy selection in glioblastoma multiforme patients
- 2010
-
In: Proteomics Clinical Applications. - : Wiley. - 1862-8354 .- 1862-8346. ; 4:6-7, s. 591-602
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a frequent and aggressive type of primary brain tumor with a heterogeneous origin. GBM is highly therapy resistant and carries a dismal prognosis for the patient. The purpose of this discovery study was to define candidate plasma biomarker signatures for improved classification and novel means for selecting patients for refined individualized therapy. Experimental design: Here, we have for the first time investigated the applicability of large-scale recombinant antibody-based microarrays, targeting mainly immunoregulatory analytes, for sensitive and selective plasma protein profiling of GBM patients undergoing immunotherapy with autologous IFN-gamma transfected glioma cells Results: This proof-of-concept study showed that candidate plasma protein signatures associated with GBM were outlined that could be used for GBM classification, monitoring the effects of the immunotherapy as well as for stratifying patients according to the beneficial effect of the adopted immunotherapy Further, central key cytokines that could be utilized for optimization and/or refinement of the immunotherapeutic regime were indicated. Conclusions and clinical relevance: Candidate plasma proteins signatures associated with GBM was outlined, that could be used for GBM classification and for pre-operatively stratifying patients according to the beneficial effect of the adopted immunotherapy.
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| 12. |
- Carlsson, Oscar, et al.
(author)
-
Configuration Service in Cloud based Automation Systems
- 2016
-
In: IECON Proceedings (Industrial Electronics Conference). - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Computer Society. ; , s. 5238-5245
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Current challenges in production automation requires the involvement of new technologies like Internet of Things (IoT), Systems of Systems and local automation clouds. The objective of this paper is to address one of the challenges involved in establishing and managing a cloud based automation system. Three key capabilities have been identified as required to create the expected benefits of local automation clouds; 1) capturing of plant design 2) capturing and distributing configuration and deployment information 3) coordinating information exchange.This paper addresses the capturing and distribution of configuration and deployment information. For this purpose a system service is proposed, the ConfigurationStore, following the principles of the Arrowhead Framework. The service is accompanied by a deployment methodology and a bootstrapping procedure. These are discussed for several types of automation technology, e.g. controllers, sensors, actuators. A qualitative evaluation of the proposed approach is made for four use cases; Building automation, Manufacturing automation, Process automation and IoT devices. Concluding the usability for large-scale deployment and configuration of Industrial Internet of Things.
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| 13. |
- Carlsson, Oscar
(author)
-
Enabling Large IoT Platforms in Industrial Process Automation
- 2015
-
Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Internet of Things is envisioned to be a cornerstone in the connected, comfortable, efficient, and productive society of tomorrow. Part of this vision is the Industrial Internet of Things where connected devices all over industrial installations, in addition to performing the duties of the automation systems of today, provide countless opportunities for improvements thanks to dynamic access to systems and information previously obscured. Looking at the history of industrial process control systems it is clear that the development of industrial systems have followed a very different path than that of consumer electronics. Among the foreseen challenges facing the European process industries in the near future are adopting to increased expectations of information availability and upgrading many of the old installations that use control systems that are facing the end of their operational life time. One of the large challenges for enabling Internet of Things in the process industries is how to preserve and improve on that which the traditional Distributed Control Systems provide while changing much or the core infrastructure and architectures from the current hierarchical structure into a flat Service Oriented Architecture. The situation is comparable to financial and other enterprise IT-systems which previously used more specialized hardware but is now comprised of specialized software running mostly on generic client and server hardware. This similarity suggests that there should be experiences from the migration of IT-systems to use as a starting point for the migration of industrial systems towards more open and dynamic solutions. This thesis presents a strategy for migrating large Distributed Control Systems, common at process industrial plants, to a Service Oriented Architecture. The strategy is comprised of four main steps wherein different parts of the system are migrated in a way that is intended to keep the plant operating with minimal disturbance and similar or improved performance throughout the migration process. Part of the first step of this strategy is illustrated with a technical demonstration at the LKAB pelletizing plant in northern Sweden. The proposed strategy is a first step towards allowing the process industry to take advantage of the opportunities provided by the technology that is anticipated to influence our society over the coming decades.
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| 14. |
- Carlsson, Oscar
(author)
-
Engineering of IoT Automation Systems
- 2017
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Major societal challenges such as environmental sustainability, availability of energy and raw materials, and globalisation are creating new requirements for many actors in society. These new requirements relate to efficiency, flexibility, sustainability, and competitiveness. While these aspects have all been around for some time, and many systems have been locally optimised with regards to one or a few of these requirements, recent advances in communication and processing capabilities promise increased possibilities for connecting different parts of society, allowing optimal operation on a much larger scale.While industrial production systems have been controlled electronically for decades, the digitisation of market channels and consumer systems, together with the possibility to interconnect different production facilities, now allow for automated interaction along the whole supply chain from raw materials to end users.Simultaneously, increased demand for efficiency forces increased specialisation among actors, which with increased possibilities of interconnectivity, creates large enterprises of cooperating, specialised stakeholders.One of the major remaining obstacles for a widespread adaptation of more intelligent, more connected systems, able to deliver these envisioned results, is a coherent approach to the engineering and management of Systems-of-Systems involving very large numbers of devices and operating across several automation domains.For traditional automation systems there are established engineering procedures and numerous standards for engineering data, although most are focused on the static processes that have traditionally been the norm. For full integration with a digital society many of the existing automation systems will need significant modifications and as many automation systems are ageing and in need of replacement, a suitable solution to this may be a large scale migration to new automation solutions.The work presented in this thesis includes some new approaches and methodologies to utilise the existing engineering procedures and standards, while introducing some of the flexibility proposed by the emerging technologies. The major technical solutions presented consist of a structure way to organise connected systems and how they are related, regardless of engineering standards used to design their interactions, and an approach to allow configuration of heterogeneous systems through service interactions.Further contributions include an approach for migrating certain categories of existing industrial control systems to a service oriented architecture, as a basic outline for adaption of the next generation of automation systems in industry.Certain remaining challenges have been identified, which have to be addressed for a successful launch of widespread interconnected automation systems based on Internet of Things and associated technologies.
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| 15. |
- Carlsson, Oscar, et al.
(author)
-
Engineering of IoT automation systems
- 2017
-
In: IoT Automation. - Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press. - 9781498756754 - 9781498756761 ; , s. 161-211
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Carlsson, Oscar, et al.
(author)
-
Migration of industrial process control systems to service-oriented architectures
- 2018
-
In: International journal of computer integrated manufacturing (Print). - : Taylor & Francis. - 0951-192X .- 1362-3052. ; 31:2, s. 175-198
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The use of Service Oriented Architectures (SOAs) in industrial automation promises an improved cross-layer integration as well as a functionality decoupled from the technical implementation. Compared with the earlier investigated manufacturing industry, control systems in the process industry reveal additional challenges in terms of migration from a legacy control system to an SOA control system.The successful migration of a highly integrated process control system, without reducing reliability or availability and, at the same time, preserving functionality and productivity, requires a detailed plan and certain specialised technology.This paper presents the challenges in the migration of a process control system and proposes a structured method for migration. The migration procedure proposed comprises four steps: initiation, configuration, data processing, and control execution. A technology demonstration at a pelletizing plant illustrates how the first of these steps could be implemented.
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| 18. |
- Carlsson, Oscar, et al.
(author)
-
Organizing IoT Systems-of-Systems from Standardized Engineering Data
- 2016
-
In: IECON Proceedings (Industrial Electronics Conference). - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Computer Society. - 9781509034741 ; , s. 5277-5282
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Tackling current challenges in production automation requiresthe involvement of new concepts like Internet of Things,System-of-Systems and local automation clouds.The objective of this paper is to address the actual process of defining a cloud based automation system. More specifically the design, engineering, operation and maintenance of an automation system must be captured and managed between all stakeholders involved. This is critical to create the expected benefits from the local automation cloud approach.This paper addresses the capability of capturing plant designs and coordinating information exchange based on the captured architecture.For this purpose an architectural component --~Plant Description~-- is proposed to be used in the Arrowhead Framework, based on already existing plant automation standards.An overview of methodologies on how it can interact with the Arrowhead Framework's Orchestration process describes the usefulness in managing large-scale automation systems.A qualitative evaluation for one of the proposed approaches is also described in a water control use case that can be found both in process and building automation.
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| 19. |
- Carlsson, Oscar, et al.
(author)
-
Plant descriptions for engineering tool interoperability
- 2017
-
In: IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN). - Piscataway, NJ : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). ; , s. 730-735
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The emergence and deployment of connected devices in many domains of application (e.g. industrial production, buildings and facilities, urban environment, etc.) have resulted in the need to achieve integration of multiple and more complex systems. This new environment is stressing the intrinsic limits imposed by monolithic standards, data models and integration methods that focus on specific domains of application, types of systems, or specific aspects of a system. This paper describes the Plant Description Service developed as part of the Arrowhead Interoperability framework (EU ECSEL funded project). The manuscript contains a description of the abstract system descriptive model based on which the Plant Description service was implemented, and describes how the service can be used to achieve integration of several industry standards and data models. One use case and one case study is provided that illustrates how the service was practically implemented to support engineering scenarios in the domain of industrial production. The paper concludes with a critical review of the approach and suggestion for future work and developments.
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| 20. |
- Carlsson, Thomas, et al.
(author)
-
Systemic administration of Neuregulin-1ß(1) protects dopaminergic neurons in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease.
- 2011
-
In: Journal of Neurochemistry. - : Wiley. - 1471-4159 .- 0022-3042. ; 117:6, s. 1066-1074
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Neuregulin-1 (Nrg1) is genetically linked to schizophrenia, a disease caused by neurodevelopmental imbalance in dopaminergic function. The Nrg1 receptor ErbB4 is abundantly expressed on midbrain dopaminergic neurons. Nrg1 has been shown to penetrate blood-brain barrier, and peripherally administered Nrg1 activates ErbB4 and leads to a persistent hyperdopaminergic state in neonatal mice. These data prompted us to study the effect of peripheral administration of Nrg1 in the context of Parkinson's disease, a neurodegenerative disorder affecting the dopaminergic system in the adult brain. We observed that systemic injections of the extracellular domain of Nrg1ß(1) (Nrg1ß(1) -ECD) increased dopamine levels in the substantia nigra and striatum of adult mice. Nrg1ß(1) -ECD injections also significantly protected the mouse nigrostriatal dopaminergic system morphologically and functionally against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced toxicity in vivo. Moreover, Nrg1ß(1) -ECD also protected human dopaminergic neurons in vitro against 6-hydroxydopamine. In conclusion, we have identified Nrg1ß(1) -ECD as a neurotrophic factor for adult mouse and human midbrain dopaminergic neurons with peripheral administratability, warranting further investigation as therapeutic option for PD patients.
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| 21. |
- Chistiakova, Tatiana, et al.
(author)
-
Binary classifiers applied to detect DO sensor faults during washing events
- 2015
-
In: Proc. 2nd IWA Conference on New Developments in IT & Water. - : IWA Publishing.
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In this paper, several classication techniques are applied for monitoring the status of DO sensors in wastewater treatment plants. In particular, DO sensors during washing events are studied and indication parameters from these events are used. The methods considered are the following: k-Nearest Neighbours, Radial Basis Function and Random Forest classiers. The result shows the comparison and the eligibility of the methods to detect a clogged DO-sensor.
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| 22. |
- Danielsson, Oscar, 1982-, et al.
(author)
-
Automatic Learning and Extraction of Multi-Local Features
- 2009
-
In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision. - 9781424444205 - 9781424444199 ; , s. 917-924
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we introduce a new kind of feature - the multi-local feature, so named as each one is a collection of local features, such as oriented edgels, in a very specific spatial arrangement. A multi-local feature has the ability to capture underlying constant shape properties of exemplars from an object class. Thus it is particularly suited to representing and detecting visual classes that lack distinctive local structures and are mainly defined by their global shape. We present algorithms to automatically learn an ensemble of these features to represent an object class from weakly labelled training images of that class, as well as procedures to detect these features efficiently in novel images. The power of multi-local features is demonstrated by using the ensemble in a simple voting scheme to perform object category detection on a standard database. Despite its simplicity, this scheme yields detection rates matching state-of-the-art object detection systems.
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| 23. |
- Danielsson, Oscar, 1982-, et al.
(author)
-
Gated Classifiers : Boosting under high intra-class variation
- 2011
-
In: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2011 IEEE Conference on. - 9781457703935 ; , s. 2673-2680
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we address the problem of using boosting (e.g. AdaBoost [7]) to classify a target class with significant intra-class variation against a large background class. This situation occurs for example when we want to recognize a visual object class against all other image patches. The boosting algorithm produces a strong classifier, which is a linear combination of weak classifiers. We observe that we often have sets of weak classifiers that individually fire on many examples of the target class but never fire together on those examples (i.e. their outputs are anti-correlated on the target class). Motivated by this observation we suggest a family of derived weak classifiers, termed gated classifiers, that suppress such combinations of weak classifiers. Gated classifiers can be used on top of any original weak learner. We run experiments on two popular datasets, showing that our method reduces the required number of weak classifiers by almost an order of magnitude, which in turn yields faster detectors. We experiment on synthetic data showing that gated classifiers enables more complex distributions to be represented. We hope that gated classifiers will extend the usefulness of boosted classifier cascades [29].
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| 24. |
- Danielsson, Oscar, 1982-, et al.
(author)
-
Generic Object Class Detection using Boosted Configurations of Oriented Edges
- 2010
-
In: Computer Vision – ACCV 2010. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783642193088 ; , s. 1-14
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we introduce a new representation for shape-based object class detection. This representation is based on very sparse and slightly flexible configurations of oriented edges. An ensemble of such configurations is learnt in a boosting framework. Each edge configuration can capture some local or global shape property of the target class and the representation is thus not limited to representing and detecting visual classes that have distinctive local structures. The representation is also able to handle significant intra-class variation. The representation allows for very efficient detection and can be learnt automatically from weakly labelled training images of the target class. The main drawback of the method is that, since its inductive bias is rather weak, it needs a comparatively large training set. We evaluate on a standard database [1] and when using a slightly extended training set, our method outperforms state of the art [2] on four out of five classes.
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| 25. |
- Danielsson, Oscar, 1982-, et al.
(author)
-
Generic Object Class Detection using Feature Maps
- 2011
-
In: Proceedings of Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 9783642212260 ; , s. 348-359
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we describe an object class model and a detection scheme based on feature maps, i.e. binary images indicating occurrences of various local features. Any type of local feature and any number of features can be used to generate feature maps. The choice of which features to use can thus be adapted to the task at hand, without changing the general framework. An object class is represented by a boosted decision tree classifier (which may be cascaded) based on normalized distances to feature occurrences. The resulting object class model is essentially a linear combination of a set of flexible configurations of the features used. Within this framework we present an efficient detection scheme that uses a hierarchical search strategy. We demonstrate experimentally that this detection scheme yields a significant speedup compared to sliding window search. We evaluate the detection performance on a standard dataset [7], showing state of the art results. Features used in this paper include edges, corners, blobs and interest points.
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| 26. |
- Danielsson, Oscar, 1982-, et al.
(author)
-
Object Detection using Multi-Local Feature Manifolds
- 2008
-
In: Proceedings - Digital Image Computing. - 9780769534565 ; , s. 612-618
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Many object categories are better characterized by the shape of their contour than by local appearance properties like texture or color. Multi-local features are designed in order to capture the global discriminative structure of an object while at the same time avoiding the drawbacks with traditional global descriptors such as sensitivity to irrelevant image properties. The specific structure of multi-local features allows us to generate new feature exemplars by linear combinations which effectively increases the set of stored training exemplars. We demonstrate that a multi-local feature is a good "weak detector" of shape-based object categories and that it can accurately estimate the bounding box of objects in an image. Using just a single multi-local feature descriptor we obtain detection results comparable to those of more complex and elaborate systems. It is our opinion that multi-local features have a great potential as generic object descriptors with very interesting possibilities of feature sharing within and between classes.
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| 27. |
- Danielsson, Oscar, 1982-, et al.
(author)
-
Projectable Classifiers for Multi-View Object Class Recognition
- 2011
-
In: 3rd International IEEE Workshop on 3D Representation and Recognition. - 9781467300636
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We propose a multi-view object class modeling framework based on a simplified camera model and surfels (defined by a location and normal direction in a normalized 3D coordinate system) that mediate coarse correspondences between different views. Weak classifiers are learnt relative to the reference frames provided by the surfels. We describe a weak classifier that uses contour information when its corresponding surfel projects to a contour element in the image and color information when the face of the surfel is visible in the image. We emphasize that these weak classifiers can possibly take many different forms and use many different image features. Weak classifiers are combined using AdaBoost. We evaluate the method on a public dataset [8], showing promising results on categorization, recognition/detection, pose estimation and image synthesis.
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| 28. |
- Danielsson, Oscar, 1982-
(author)
-
Shape-based Representations and Boosting for Visual Object Class Detection : Models and methods for representaion and detection in single and multiple views
- 2011
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Detection of generic visual object classes (i.e. cars, dogs, mugs or people) in images is a task that humans are able to solve with remarkable ease. Unfortunately this has proven a very challenging task for computer vision. Thereason is that different instances of the same class may look very different, i.e. there is a high intra-class variation. There are several causes for intra-class variation; for example (1) the imaging conditions (e.g. lighting and exposure) may change, (2) different objects of the same class typically differ in shape and appearance, (3) the position of the object relative to the camera (i.e. the viewpoint) may change and (4) some objects are articulate and may change pose. In addition the background class, i.e. everything but the target object class, is very large. It is the combination of very high intra-class variation with a large background class that makes generic object class detection difficult. This thesis addresses this challenge within the AdaBoost framework. AdaBoost constructs an ensemble of weak classifiers to solve a given classification task and allows great flexibility in the design of these weak classifiers. This thesis proposes several types of weak classifiers that specifically target some of the causes of high intra-class variation. A multi-local classifier is proposed to capture global shape properties for object classes that lack discriminative local features, projectable classifiers are proposed to handle detection from multiple viewpoints and finally gated classifiers are proposed as a generic way to handle high intra-class variation in combination with a large background class. All proposed weak classifiers are evaluated on standard datasets to allow performance comparison to other related methods.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Delsing, Jerker, et al.
(author)
-
Migration of industrial process control systems into service oriented architecture
- 2012
-
In: 38th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON2012), 25-28 October 2012, Montreal, Canada. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Communications Society. - 9781467324205 ; , s. 5790-5796
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The procedure of migrating SCADA and DCS func- tionality of the isa95 process automation architecture to a Service based automation architecture is discussed. Challenges in such migration are discussed and defined. From here the necessary migration technology and procedures are proposed. The critical migration technology is based on the mediator concept. The migration procedure is based on a functionality perspective and comprises four steps: initiation, configuration, data processing and control execution. Its argued that these steps are necessary for the successful migration of DCS and SCADA functionality in to the automation cloud.
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| 31. |
- Delsing, Jerker, et al.
(author)
-
Migration of SCADA/DCS Systems to the SOA Cloud
- 2014
-
In: Industrial Cloud-Based Cyber-Physical Systems. - Cham : Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag. - 9783319056234 - 9783319056241 ; , s. 111-135
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As process control and monitoring systems based on a Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) are maturing, the need increases for a systematic approach to migrate systems. The legacy systems are traditionally based on a strict hierarchy and in order to gradually allow additional cross-layer interaction, the migration procedure needs to consider both—functionality and architecture of the legacy system. The migration procedure proposed here aims to preserve the functional integration, organize the SOA cloud through grouping of devices, and maintain the performance aspects such as real-time control throughout the whole migration procedure.
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| 32. |
- Delsing, Jerker, 1957-, et al.
(author)
-
The Arrowhead Framework architecture
- 2017
-
In: IoT Automation. - Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press. - 9781498756754 - 9781498756761 ; , s. 43-88
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
|
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| 33. |
- Dubrefjord, Dennis, et al.
(author)
-
Security of In-Vehicle Communication Systems
- 2021
-
In: Decision Support Systems and Industrial IoT in Smart Grid, Factories, and Cities. - : IGI Global. ; , s. 162-179
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The automotive industry has seen remarkable growth in the use of network and communication technology. These technologies can be vulnerable to attacks. Several examples of confirmed attacks have been documented in academic studies, and many vehicular communications systems have been designed without security aspects in mind. Furthermore, all the security implications mentioned here would affect the functionality of decision support systems (DSS) of IoT and vehicular networks. This chapter focuses on in-vehicle security and aims to categorize some attacks in this field according to the exploited vulnerability by showing common patterns. The conclusion suggests that an ethernet-based architecture could be a good architecture for future vehicular systems; it enables them to meet future security needs while still allowing network communication with outside systems.
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| 34. |
- Gerken, Jan, 1991, et al.
(author)
-
Equivariance versus augmentation for spherical images
- 2022
-
In: Proceedings of Machine Learning Resaerch. ; , s. 7404-7421
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We analyze the role of rotational equivariance in convolutional neural networks (CNNs) applied to spherical images. We compare the performance of the group equivariant networks known as S2CNNs and standard non-equivariant CNNs trained with an increasing amount of data augmentation. The chosen architectures can be considered baseline references for the respective design paradigms. Our models are trained and evaluated on single or multiple items from the MNIST- or FashionMNIST dataset projected onto the sphere. For the task of image classification, which is inherently rotationally invariant, we find that by considerably increasing the amount of data augmentation and the size of the networks, it is possible for the standard CNNs to reach at least the same performance as the equivariant network. In contrast, for the inherently equivariant task of semantic segmentation, the non-equivariant networks are consistently outperformed by the equivariant networks with significantly fewer parameters. We also analyze and compare the inference latency and training times of the different networks, enabling detailed tradeoff considerations between equivariant architectures and data augmentation for practical problems.
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| 35. |
- Gerken, Jan, 1991, et al.
(author)
-
Geometric deep learning and equivariant neural networks
- 2023
-
In: Artificial Intelligence Review. - : Springer Nature. - 1573-7462 .- 0269-2821. ; 56:12, s. 14605-14662
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We survey the mathematical foundations of geometric deep learning, focusing on group equivariant and gauge equivariant neural networks. We develop gauge equivariant convolutional neural networks on arbitrary manifolds M using principal bundles with structure group K and equivariant maps between sections of associated vector bundles. We also discuss group equivariant neural networks for homogeneous spaces M= G/ K , which are instead equivariant with respect to the global symmetry G on M . Group equivariant layers can be interpreted as intertwiners between induced representations of G, and we show their relation to gauge equivariant convolutional layers. We analyze several applications of this formalism, including semantic segmentation and object detection networks. We also discuss the case of spherical networks in great detail, corresponding to the case M= S2= SO (3) / SO (2) . Here we emphasize the use of Fourier analysis involving Wigner matrices, spherical harmonics and Clebsch–Gordan coefficients for G= SO (3) , illustrating the power of representation theory for deep learning.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
-
Hälso- och sjukvårdens förmåga att hantera en allvarlig händelse med många skadade : erfarenheter och lärdomar av Övning TYKO
- 2016
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Den 3 mars 2016 fick Socialstyrelsen i uppdrag av regeringen att öva hälsooch sjukvårdens förmåga att hantera en allvarlig händelse med många skadade. Myndigheten beslutade att genomföra övningen som en funktionell simuleringsövning med motspel. De övade utvärderades med hjälp av mätbara kvalitetsindikatorer som tidigare identifierats inom ramen för Socialstyrelsens arbete med att ta fram en gemensam modell för särskild sjukvårdsledning vid allvarlig händelse. Inför övningen skapades ett scenario som var utmanande för hälso- och sjukvården men, för att möjliggöra genomförandet inte innefattade alla potentiella komplexa faktorer. En kritisk observation är att analysen utifrån en övning bör vara restriktiv med slutsatser ifall dessa inte samtidigt kan styrkas utifrån tidigare övningar eller verkliga händelser. Övningens scenario samt patienternas skadepanorama och utfall visualiserades med hjälp av simuleringsverktyget Emergo Train System® och dess instruktörer vid Katastrofmedicinskt Centrum i Linköping. Ett väsentligt mål med övningen var att den ska utgöra ett underlag för att stärka förmågan inom hälso- och sjukvården genom att identifiera utvecklingsområden. I rapporten redovisas under övningen identifierade förmågor och utvecklingsområden som myndigheten bedömer som viktiga för att upprätthålla, säkra och förbättra förmågan att hantera allvarliga händelser: • Dokumentation och lägesbild • Kommunikation och terminologi • Mobilisering och dirigering av resurser • Fördelningsstrategi och gränssättande kapacitet • Nationell samordning • Övningsteknisk utveckling En gemensam lägesbild är viktig efter som det stödjer de involverade aktörerna i arbetet med att värdera behovet av stöd under pågående händelse. Därför var en viktig del i övningens utvärdering huruvida påverkade landsting hade förmågan att snabbt skapa sig en uppfattning om aktuellt behov, tillgängliga resurser och hur ytterligare pre- hospitala samt hospitala resurser skulle kunna mobiliseras. Dessa kritiska faktorer skapar förutsättningar för att korrekta fördelningsstrategier för de skadande patienterna ska kunna utarbetas. Övning Tyko visade att staber med hög upplevd arbetsbelastning och låg upplevd situationsmedvetenhet hade svårt att värdera sitt eget behov av stöd från andra aktörer. Att i förväg ha kännedom om vilken typ av stöd man behöver och kan förvänta sig i olika situationer kräver ett arbete för att identifiera detta redan i före-perspektivet. Det går inte att utesluta att en annan överblick av tillgängliga resurser och en annan förutsägbarhet i vad som kan förväntas av andra hade föranlett en annan fördelningsstrategi som hade förbättrat patientfallet i övningen. För att avgöra effektiviteten av fattade beslut i enlighet med framtagna strategier behövs även en förmåga till 8 HÄLSO- OCH SJUKVÅRDENS FÖRMÅGA ATT HANTERA EN ALLVARLIG HÄNDELSE MED MÅNGA SKADADE SOCIALSTYRELSEN uppföljning huruvida tagna beslut får förväntad effekt inom rimlig tid, under övningen observerades kommunikationsproblem gällande kvittens, förfrågan och bekräftelse. En viktig sammanfattande slutsats som Socialstyrelsen drar inför fortsatt arbete är att myndigheten ska verka för att etablera en funktion för nationell samordning med syfte att ge förutsättningar till en bättre behovs- och resursmatchning vid stora skadeutfall. Inom ramen för en sådan samordning bör gemensamma triage och larmkriterier, medicinska bedömningskriterier och skadeklassificeringar, gemensamma rapportmallar och system för distribution av diagnostiskt material samt gemensam terminologi m.m. inkluderas. Metoder och teknik för framtagandet och kommunikationen av fördelningsnycklar och aktuella kapacitetsbedömningar över tid behöver tas fram för att skapa förutsättningar för en aktuell bild av resurstillgången. Socialstyrelsen vill skapa förutsättningar för ett nationellt kompetenscentrum med inriktning på ökad förmåga och samordning i hela traumavårskedjan. I detta arbete kan även arbetet med Socialstyrelsens förmåga till nationell samordning under pågående händelse utarbetas, definieras och implementeras. Myndigheten vill slutligen lyfta fram att en samlad nationell plan för både trauma- och katastrofmedicinsk utbildning och övning ger ytterligare förutsättningar att upprätthålla och öka förmågan att hantera allvarliga händelser. Dessa viktiga slutsatser avser myndigheten ta med sig in i sitt fortsatta arbete med att stärka hälso-och sjukvårdens förmåga vid allvarlig händelse.
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| 38. |
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IVIM reveals increased blood perfusion of liver metastases after oral intake of Salovum®
- 2015
-
In: Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0968-5243 .- 1352-8661.
-
Editorial proceedings (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Introduction Elevated interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) of tumours impairs perfusion, which hinders anti-cancer drugs and oxygen to reach tumour cells1-3. AF-16, a 16 amino acid long sequence from the amino terminal end of the endogenous protein Antisecretory Factor (AF), supresses IFP in animal models of solid tumours4, and could improve drug delivery to tumour cells. Salovum®, a spray-dried egg yolk powder with high content of antisecretory peptides, should be tested on humans, but requires non-invasive tumour IFP/perfusion assessment methods. The IntraVoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) model applied to multi-b DWI enables measurement of tissue diffusion (D), pseudo-diffusion (D*) and voxel volume fraction of actively perfused capillaries (f) 5. The aim of this study was to investigate if f could be used to monitor changes induced by Salovum® in colorectal liver metastases in vivo Subjects and Methods Previously untreated patients (n=6) with colorectal liver metastases were imaged before, and 24h after intake of Salovum®, using IVIM-MRI (3T Philips, 16‐channel receiver; Single-shot, SE‐EPI (breath-hold); FOV covering liver, 3x3x5mm3 voxels; TR/TE/NSA/SENSE=1900ms/50ms/2/2; 11 b‐values (0-600); acquisition~10 min. MATLAB-based images processing comprised 1) Inter-scan image registration (volume preserving free-form deformation6); 2) Voxelwise fitting of D and A [eq.2] to S(b200-600) (for b>200, [eq.1] reduces to [eq.2], assuming D<2cm) on DWI (b=600), transfer of ROIs to corresponding f-maps for calculation of median ROI f before and after Salovum® intake and 4) Mann-Whitney U-test for statistical significance (α-level=0.05). Results Liver and metastases were well visualised on DWIs and f-maps Median f in metastatic tissue increased after intake of Salovum® in 5/6 patients, but decreased in one patient (Fig.2) (p<0.0001). Discussion/Conclusion The increased perfusion fraction on day 2 may offer a “window of opportunity” for improved transport of drugs to tumour cells. The increase in f was small, and perhaps not clinically significant, suggesting that additional time points after Salovum® intake and dose escalation be investigated, as well as intra-tumour effect heterogeneity. The proposed IVIM approach is a promising, non-invasive method for studying Salovum® induced changes in liver metastases in vivo. Further optimisation and fractionation studies should be conducted, and IVIM derived parameters should be compared to other techniques for perfusion or IFP measurements. References 1Rofstad,E.K.,et al.,Neoplasia. 2009;11(11):1243-51. 2Milosevic,M.F.,et al.,1999;43(5):1111-23. 3Wiig, H.,et al.,1982;42(2):159-64. 4Al-Olama, M.et al., 2011;50(7):1098-104. 5Le Bihan, D., et al., 1988;168(2):497-505. 6Rueckert, D., et al., 1999;18(8):712-21.
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| 39. |
- Jarpehult, Oscar, et al.
(author)
-
A Longitudinal Characterization of the Third-Party Authentication Landscape
- 2022
-
In: <em></em>2022 IFIP Networking Conference (IFIP Networking). - : IEEE. - 9783903176485
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Many websites offer users to authenticate using third-party identity providers (IDPs) such as Facebook or Google. As part of the signup process, these websites often ask the user to give them additional permissions with the IDP (e.g., some data sharing or authorize some actions) that can have significant privacy implications. Motivated by the increased scrutiny of Facebook and other popular IDPs (e.g., due to the 2018 Cambridge Analytica scandal), we present a longitudinal analysis of the IDP usage and permissions changes over the past nine years (2012–2021) as well as a large-scale characterization of the current state. Our longitudinal analysis identifies trends and characterizes changes in both the IDP usage and permission agreements of different subsets of websites. For our large-scale analysis, we develop and share a Selenium-based measurement framework that we use to collect datasets. Using this data, we study the IDP usage across popularity ranges, the permissions used in the wild, and highlight differences between websites using different IDPs and those that do not. Our analysis shows increased IDP usage, especially among the most popular websites, and that the permission requests on average are becoming more modest but also brings forward significant exceptions that may need further scrutiny.
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| 40. |
- Lindblom, Martin, et al.
(author)
-
Third-party Link Shortener Usage on Twitter
- 2021
-
In: Proc. IFIP Network Traffic Measurement and Analysis Conference (TMA) 2021. - 9783903176409
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Twitter has proven a powerful tool to shape peoples’ opinions and thoughts. One efficient way to spread information is with the use of links. In this paper, we characterize the link sharing usage on Twitter, placing particular focus on third-party link shortener services that hide the full URL from the user. First, we present a measurement framework that combines two Twitter APIs and the Bitly API, and allows us to collect detailed statistics about tweets, their posters, their link usage, and the retweets and clicks 24 hours after the original tweet. Second, using two one-week-long datasets, collected one year apart (April 2019 and2020), we then characterize and analyze important difference in link usage among users, the domains that different users and shorteners (re)direct users too, and compare the click rates of such links with the corresponding retweet rates. The analysis provides insights into link sharing biases on Twitter, skews, and behavioral differences in usage, as well as reveal interesting observations capturing differences in how a tweet containing a link may be retweeted versus how the embedded link is clicked. Finally, we use click-based results for covid-19 tweets to discuss the importance of controlling the spread of (mis)information.
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| 41. |
- Mecea, Vasile Mihai, et al.
(author)
-
Out-of-plane vibrations of quartz resonators used in quartz crystal microbalance measurements in gas phase
- 2006
-
In: Sensors and Actuators A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0924-4247. ; 125:2, s. 143-147
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The article reveals that shear-mode quartz crystal resonators, currently used in quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) measurements, exhibit an out-of-plane vibration without being in contact with a liquid. Laser assisted CVD was used to deposit carbon-nanoparticles on the surface of a quartz resonator. The in-plane, shear vibration of the quartz resonator, produces a mega-gravity acceleration which induces a sedimentation of the carbon-nanoparticles, while the out-of-plane vibration produces a mega-gravity acceleration, normal to the crystal surface, which induces an expelling of the deposited carbon-nanoparticles. The two opposite effects reveal a complex situation on the quartz resonator surface in QCM measurements.
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| 42. |
-
Media & Glocal Change. Rethinking Communication for Development
- 2005
-
Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This book is about exploring both the potential and the limits of communication - of using communication both as a tool and as a way of articulating processes of development and social change, improving, everyday lives, and empowering people to influence their own lives and those of their fellow community members. The essence is communication. The dilemma is that communication will not solve every problem, although it can contribute in some ways to problemsolving - we just need to get better at knowing how. The discipline of communication for development is currently at a crossroad, and the approaches taken over the last few decades require serious rethinking. Technologies are evolving, societies are changing, globalization is impacting on everything - and communication for development is evolving and changing, too: as a tool as an approach and as a scientific sub-discipline of communication concerned with debates and issues relating to development and change in society. The aim of this book is to contribute to the critical reflection about how communication works in processes of change within the context of globalization.
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| 43. |
- Nappey, Philippe, et al.
(author)
-
Migration of a legacy plant lubrication system to SOA
- 2013
-
In: 39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, IECON 2013. - : IEEE Communications Society. ; , s. 7440-7445
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Supervision and control systems are being deployed in industrial environments such as mining plants and manufacturing facilities to ensure a continuous and effective production at a minimum cost. Such systems monitor a whole range of devices and collect their data for several purposes like maintenance and control operations.
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| 44. |
- Nappey, Philippe, et al.
(author)
-
Migration of a Legacy Plant Lubrication System to SOA
- 2014
-
In: Industrial Cloud-Based Cyber-Physical Systems. - Cham : Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag. - 9783319056234 - 9783319056241 ; , s. 167-182
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- IMC-AESOP investigations have been articulated around key use cases in order to better capture user needs and corresponding requirements. This particular use case explores how Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) can ease the installation and maintenance of one of the lubrication system of the world’s largest underground iron mine run by LKAB in north Sweden, with a focus on migration aspects. We demonstrate that the loose coupling provided by the SOA approach combined with the eventing capabilities of Event Driven Architecture (EDA) can benefit to both engineering, installation and maintenance of an industrial process control system, with the exception of hard real-time based control loops.
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| 45. |
- Prytz, Erik, 1985-, et al.
(author)
-
Evaluating learning and simulation exercise efficacy for a course on advanced prehospital trauma
- 2017
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In: Abstracts of Scientific Papers-WADEM Congress on Disaster and Emergency Medicine 2017. - : Cambridge University Press. ; , s. S222-S223
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Study/Objective: In this study, we aimed to design a questionnaire battery for course and simulation exercise evaluation, and pilot-test the battery by evaluating a course on Advanced Prehospital Trauma Care (APTC).Background: Many course evaluations suffer from simplistic metrics, such as whether the course participants “enjoyed” the course. In contrast, the current study sought to measure (self-estimated) pre- and post-course knowledge, relevant to specific learning objectives, as well as questions pertaining to specific factors of the simulation exercises used in the course (eg, fidelity/realism, learning objective fit, transferability of tools/procedures, usefulness, among others) were selected based on simulation theory and simulation-based training literature.Methods: Data were collected during a course on APTC. Twelve students participated. The mean professional experience was 15.5 years. The participants completed an informed consent form prior to the study. They completed a pre-course questionnaire, a post-course questionnaire, and a course evaluation form.Results: The mean self-estimated improvement in theoretical knowledge pertaining to the course objectives was 8.23 on a 0 to 10 scale, and 8.25 for practical skills. Greatest improvement was in advanced airway management, physiological reactions to hypothermia, pneumothorax interventions, special considerations for patients injured by explosives (eg, blast injuries and burns), and medical decision making during an active shooter scenario. The evaluation of the simulation exercises received high marks (mean rating 4.53 [3.92-4.92] out of 5.0) on all aspects. The participants rated the overall course quality at 4.67 (on a 0 to 5 scale), with the simulations, practical exercises, and the structure of moving from theory to practice being mentioned as particularly positive.Conclusion: Overall, the results showed that the APTC course received high marks on almost all measured factors. Further validation of the questionnaires is needed before general implementation of the battery can be recommended. Such implementation would benefit diverse course development and quality assurance
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| 46. |
- Prytz, Erik, et al.
(author)
-
Identifying the Educational and Technical Needs of the Emergency Dispatch Service in Kosovo using Hierarchical Task Analysis
- 2015
-
In: Abstracts of Scientific Papers - 19th World Congress on Disaster and Emergency Medicine. - : Cambridge University Press. ; , s. s13-s14
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Study/Objective: The objective of this research is to document and evaluate the technical and educational needs for the emergency response system in Pristina, Kosovo. This is a current work in progress, and the part reported here focuses on the needs so far identified through Hierarchical Task Analyses (HTA) of the current dispatch system.Background: There is currently a lack of support systems for the emergency services in Pristina. Specifically, there are no support systems to aid coordination of the resources available to the emergency dispatch. This might delay emergency care to patients in need. This project relies on a Man-Technology-Organization (MTO) perspective and aims to create additional capacity for all parts (M, T, and O) in the emergency response chain.Methods: The ongoing research project will be conducted in several phases; the first of which is a data collection phase to analyze the needs of the emergency services as an advanced socio-technical system. This phase relies on interviews with staff and an analysis of the current technology in use.Results: Eight interviews have been conducted so far in the project. The HTA analyses of the collected data material for the different roles (dispatch, ambulance, and ER-staff) show that there are several time-consuming subtasks that might delay the dispatch of emergency services. Through the HTAs, improvement needs has been identified for all three MTO areas: the human area, the technological area, and the organizational area.Conclusion: The overall goal of this project is to create capacity and increase system resilience by introducing educational and technical interventions aimed at reducing or removing the identified, inefficient tasks. This increased capacity should result in faster and more time-efficient prehospital emergency response and, through this, improved patient outcome. The next phase of the project will implement interventions aimed at the needs identified in this project.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Samuelsson, Oscar, et al.
(author)
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Automated active fault detection in fouled dissolved oxygen sensors
- 2019
-
In: Water Research. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0043-1354 .- 1879-2448. ; 166
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Biofilm formation causes bias in dissolved oxygen (DO) sensors, which hamper their usage for automatic control and thereby balancing energy- and treatment efficiency. We analysed if a dataset that was generated with deliberate perturbations, can automatically be interpreted to detect bias caused by biofilm formation. We used a challenging set-up with realistic conditions that are required for a full-scale application. This included automated training (adapting to changing normal conditions) and automated tuning (setting an alarm threshold) to assure that the fault detection (FD)-methods are accessible to the operators. The results showed that automatic usage of FD-methods is difficult, especially in terms of automatic tuning of alarm thresholds when small training datasets only represent the normal conditions, i.e. clean sensors. Despite the challenging set-up, two FD-methods successfully improved the detection limit to 0.5 mg DO/L bias caused by biofilm formation. We showed that the studied dataset could be interpreted equally well by simpler FD-methods, as by advanced machine learning algorithms. This in turn indicates that the information contained in the actively generated data was more vital than its interpretation by advanced algorithms.
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| 50. |
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