| 1. |
- Bjursell, Cecilia, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Bridge jobs
- 2019
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Ingår i: Encyclopedia of Gerontology and Population Aging. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319698922 ; , s. 1-6
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Björklund Carlstedt, Anita, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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A scoping review of the incentives for a prolonged work life after pensionable age and the importance of “bridge employment”
- 2018
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Ingår i: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 60:2, s. 175-189
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: With a growing share of older people in almost every population, discussions are being held worldwide about how to guarantee welfare in the immediate future. Different solutions are suggested, but in this article the focus is on the need to keep older employees active in the labor market for a prolonged time.Objective: The aim was to find out and describe the incentives at three system levels for older people 1) wanting, 2) being able, and 3) being allowed to work.Material: The literature search embraced articles from the databases Scopus, PsycInfo, Cinahl, AgeLine and Business Source Premier, from May 2004 until May 2016. After the removal of 507 duplicates, the selection and analysis started with the 1331 articles that met the search criteria. Of these, 58 articles corresponded with the research questions.Method: The design was a ‘scoping review’ of the research area bridge employment and prolonged work life.Results: The results show that most investigations are conducted on individual-level predictors, research on organizational-level predictors is more scattered, and societal-level predictor information is scarce.Conclusions: Attitudes and behavior according to a prolonged work life could be summarized as dependent on good health, a financial gain in combination with flexible alternative working conditions.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Björklund Carlstedt, Anita, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Older workers and extended working life - Managers' experiences and age management
- 2024
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Ingår i: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In 2020 the Swedish Government started a gradual raising of the retirement age, but employers have been silent on the issue. Little is known about whether and how they reflect on what it will mean for their organization, or whether they already have, or are going to, make arrangements in order to facilitate and motivate older workers to stay longer.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore and describe managers' experiences of older workers and age management in connection with the increase of the retirement age in Sweden.METHODS: Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with fourteen managers from a broad set of organizations in the public and private sectors, and from the Middle and East of Sweden. The transcribed material was analysed in line with qualitative content analysis.RESULTS: The analysis ended up in seven main categories with associated sub-categories: Older Workers, Retirement Ages, Transition Initiatives, Competence Transfer, Competence Development, Increased Retirement Ages, Knowledge Gaps.CONCLUSION: Our findings reveal that there is an ambivalence in addressing the issue of age among the interviewed managers, what we have interpreted and labelled as "silent age discrimination", and it was shown that they do not have elaborated strategies for age management.
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| 7. |
- Björklund Carlstedt, Anita, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Staffing agency : A bridge to working during retirement.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Work. - Amsterdam : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 72:2, s. 529-537
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The ageing population has initiated a debate about a prolonged working life. There is an interest in finding the pre-retirement predictors of bridge employment and retirement decisions, but the understanding of the experiences of bridge employees is still limited.OBJECTIVES: The aim was to describe the characteristics of the pensioners working for a staffing agency, their motivational aspects, work patterns and types of services they provided.METHODS: This article analyses the results from a Swedish staffing agency's yearly co-worker questionnaire from December 2017. The response rate was 44% (N = 1741). The design is descriptive, with correlation analyses and construction of typical cases.RESULTS: Most study participants were aged 65-74 years. Sixty-five percent were men, 66% were cohabitating/married, dominating education level was secondary school or higher education (79% ). Important incentives for working were the social context and to gain extra income. A majority of the respondents also stated that their work increased their overall well-being. Seventy-eight percent worked 25 hours per month or less, 37% wanted to work more, 3% wanted to work less. Private services dominated with 61% ; most common were gardening (43% ), trades (33%) and cleaning (31% ).CONCLUSIONS: More men than women chose this form of work. While single women need to work out of economic necessity, men, to a larger extent, work for the social context and well-being. The highest work frequency in 2017 (14%) in the population was found for those who retired in 2015, i.e. two years after their retirement year. A majority indicated that the work they were doing was different from earlier in their working life.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Björklund Carlstedt, Anita, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Äldre i arbetslivet
- 2022. - 3. uppl.
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Ingår i: Hälsa och aktivitet i vardagen – ur ett arbetsterapeutiskt perspektiv. - Nacka : Sveriges Arbetsterapeuter. - 9789187837791 ; , s. 186-196
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Carlstedt, Anita
(författare)
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Child Sexual Abuse: Crimes, Victims, Offender Characteristics, and Recidivism
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Epidemiological research on child sexual abuse relies on health care surveys, anonymized population surveys, and criminal statistics, each with its methodological limitations. This study aims at compensating for these limitations by combining a population-based cohort from a large, representative region of Sweden and a clinic-referred group from the whole of Sweden. Subjects and Methods: For all 196 individuals in the Västra Götaland region who were convicted of child sexual abuse between 1993 and 1997, basic crime data, including relationships between victims and offenders, were collected. For all 185 individuals who were referred for a major forensic investigation for child sexual abuse during the same period, data covering mental health problems, including pedophilia according to the DSM-IV, were collected, as were sociodemographic and crime characteristics. For both study groups, the number of reconvictions for sexual and violent reoffending, as well as other criminality, was assessed. Results: Girls were the victims in 85% of all cases of sentenced child sexual abuse, boys in 12%, and both sexes in 3%. Crimes were overall severe, with sexual penetration as the most common act. In most cases, the offenders were well known to the children. The crimes committed by total strangers, 27% of all cases, were most often hands-off in nature. Only 8% of all offenders were referred for a pre-trial forensic psychiatric investigation, and the sentences were mild in many cases. Immigrant offenders were at significantly increased risk for severe sentences, even after controlling for severity of crimes and criminal histories. The relapse frequency in the two study groups was quite low, ranging from 10% to 14% for sexual recidivism and approximately 12% for violent recidivism. Conclusion: Sentenced child sexual abuse most often involves a severe sexual crime against a girl and is committed by a male relative or a male family friend. Compared to international studies, the relapse risk in sexual crimes was low, given the long follow-up period, but highest among offenders with extrafamilial victims compared to those with intrafamilial victims.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Carlstedt, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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Does Victim Age Differentiate Between Perpetrators of Sexual Child Abuse? A Study of Mental Health, Psychosocial Circumstances, and Crimes
- 2009
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Ingår i: Sexual Abuse. - : SAGE Publications. - 1079-0632 .- 1573-286X. ; 21:4, s. 442-454
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To test the theory that sexual offenders who abuse very young children (0-5 years) have more severe mental health and psychosocial problems than those who victimize older children, authors compared psychiatric diagnoses, social circumstances, and crime-related data in all sexual offenders against minors referred to forensic psychiatric investigation in Sweden during a 5-year period. Thirty-one men had committed index crimes involving victims between the ages of 0 and 5 years (Group 1), 90 had 6- to 11-year-old victims (Group 2), and 41 had 12- to 15-year-old victims (Group 3). All three offender groups were characterized by severe mental health problems, in many cases fulfilling American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.) criteria for both Axis I and Axis II diagnoses, but these problems did not differ between groups. Neither did social situation or sexual orientation. Offenders with 0- to 5-year-old victims significantly more often abused both boys and girls. Frequencies of retrospectively diagnosed childhood-onset behavior disorders were high in all three offender groups. The authors' data did not support previous findings of increasingly severe mental health problems with decreasing victim age.
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| 13. |
- Carlstedt, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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Mental disorders and DSM-IV paedophilia in 185 subjects convicted of sexual child abuse.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Nordic journal of psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 59:6, s. 534-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to explore how sexual child abusers who meet the DSM-IV criteria for paedophilia differ from those who do not. We studied DSM-IV disorders and paedophilic interests in all cases of sexual child abuse referred to forensic psychiatric investigation in Sweden between 1993 and 1997 (n=185). Frequency and severity of other mental disorders did not differ between subjects with and without DSM-IV paedophilia. However, men with paedophilia had more previous paedophilia convictions, same-sex and younger victims and less often intoxicated status when committing the act. The concept of paedophilia as a mental disorder is not supported by the DSM-IV diagnosis, which primarily describes the acting out of attraction.
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| 14. |
- Carlstedt, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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Sexual child abuse in a defined Swedish area 1993-97: a population-based survey.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Archives of sexual behavior. - 0004-0002. ; 30:5, s. 483-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Attempting to avoid some of the most common methodological problems involved in research on sexual child abuse, we collected data on crimes, perpetrators, and sanctions in all convicted cases of sexual child abuse in a defined population during a 5-year period. This approach provided amply documented and ascertained cases with precise definitions and descriptions of the crimes involved, no clinical referral bias, and minimal dependence on memory effects. The results are valid for the small proportion of cases that lead to conviction in the context of Swedish legislation. Structured data were collected from the court dossiers in all cases of sexual crimes against minors (less than 15 years of age) tried and sentenced at the courts in the Västra Götaland region of Sweden between 1993 and 1997. The total number of 496 sentences for sexual crimes during the study period included 203 cases of sexual child abuse (40.8%) with 283 victims and 196 perpetrators, all men. Girls were victims in 85% of the cases, boys in 12%, and boys as well as girls in 3%. Sexual penetration had occurred in 54.5% of cases and the total proportion of hands-on crimes was 83%. Most perpetrators, 72%, were well known to the child. The most severe offenses took place within the family. A wide range of acts were classified as sexual child abuse, but most common was sexual penetration of a female child by her biological father or a family friend.
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| 15. |
- Fransson, A., et al.
(författare)
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Older adults' occupations in heat waves: A scoping review
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 30:7, s. 1000-1015
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundHeat waves impact the health of older adults, and occupations are important for health. An overview of research focussed on older adults' occupations in heat waves can be useful for occupational therapy practice.ObjectiveTo identify what the literature shows about older adults' experience and performance of, and participation in, occupations in heat waves.Material and methodThis scoping review included a literature search in five academic databases, four databases for grey literature, and a manual search. Literature in English regarding older adults 60+ and their occupations in heat waves were eligible.FindingsTwelve studies were included. Findings showed that older adults adapt their occupations using bodily, environmental, and social interaction strategies and by changing their daily routines. Personal, environmental, social, and economic factors facilitate and maintain occupations in heat waves.ConclusionOlder adults adapt their occupations in heat waves and different factors impact how they can be adapted. Future research is needed to explore how older adults experience their occupations in heat waves, and to deepen the knowledge about their heat-adaptive strategies.SignificanceThe findings support the role of occupational therapists in the design and practice of interventions managing the impact of heat waves in daily life.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Hansson, S O, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational identity in occupational therapy : A concept analysis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The concept of occupational identity has become an important focus within occupational science and occupational therapy, drawing both recognition and inquiry. Even if the concept is highly relevant for understanding the occupational nature of human beings, ambiguity regarding the identification and application of occupational identity exists. Aim This analysis aimed to clarify the concept of occupational identity by examining its current use and application within occupational therapy. Materials and methods Walker and Avant's method for concept analysis was utilized to clarify the concept of occupational identity. Results Analysis resulted in three distinct categories of use: occupational identity construction, occupational identity discrepancy and occupational identity disruption, described contextually in terms of the self being, the self being and doing, and the self being and doing with others. Conclusions Findings validated the significant connection between occupation and identity through doing, being and future becoming. Also uncovered were considerable connections to belonging. Significance Occupational identity encompassed complex connections comprising both individual and collective components. Personally meaningful expression and connection were of particular significance to occupational identity as discrepancies or disruption of meaningful connections had negative implications for occupational engagement.
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| 18. |
- Hogan, Lillie-Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational therapy and stress-related exhaustion : a scoping review
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 30:7, s. 1047-1063
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Sick leave due to long-term stress is increasing in Finland and other Western countries. Occupational therapists might contribute to the prevention of and/or recovery from stress-related exhaustion.AIMS/OBJECTIVES: To describe what is known about occupational therapy for stress-related exhaustion.MATERIAL AND METHODS: A five-step scoping review included papers published in six databases from 2000 to 2022. Extracted data was summarized to show the occupational therapy contribution within the literature.RESULTS: There were 29 papers meeting the inclusion criteria, of which a limited number described preventive interventions. Most articles described recovery-oriented occupational therapy with group interventions. The occupational therapists contributed with prevention measures, mostly targeting recovery in multi-professional interventions in terms of stress reduction or return-to-work.CONCLUSIONS: Occupational therapy involving stress management both prevents stress and supports recovery from stress-related exhaustion. Occupational therapists internationally use craft, nature activities or gardening as stress management measures.SIGNIFICANCE: Occupational therapy appears to be a potential treatment option for stress-related exhaustion internationally in conditions that could also work in Finland, for example in occupational healthcare.
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| 19. |
- Hovbrandt, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Äldre i arbetslivet
- 2022. - 2
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Ingår i: Hälsa och aktivitet i vardagen : - ur ett arbetsterapeutiskt perspektiv - - ur ett arbetsterapeutiskt perspektiv. - 9789187837791 ; 2, s. 186-196
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den demografiska utvecklingen innebär att vi lever längre och den äldre befolkningen ökar samtidigt som personer i arbetsför ålder blir färre. Det innebär en ökad press på socialförsäkringssystemet när en större andel av befolkningen kommer att leva fler år som pensionär samtidigt som en allt mindre ande arbetar och bidrar med skattemedel. Det innebär att vi måste arbeta längre och därför höjs nu pensionsåldern. Men en höjd pensionsålder innebär inte per automatik att fler kan och vill arbeta längre. Det behövs åtgärder för ett hållbart arbetsliv.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Johansson, Ann, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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A participatory evaluation of the health promotion programme “more healthy years of life” programme among senior citizens in Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: Cogent Medicine. - : Cogent OA. - 2331-205X. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Older adults have, in general, been sparsely involved in development and evaluation of programmes intended to promote their health.Aim: To describe older adults’ reflections on and involvement in the development and evaluation of a health promotion programme.Material and Method: Ten older persons participated in a health promotion programme (HPP) focusing on activity during four sessions. After each HPP session, focus group discussions were held, analysed through qualitative content analysis.Results: The main theme; “Being involved adds value and new experiences to life“, were built from sub-themes; “From sceptical individual to engaged group member”, “From beholder to active co-creator”, and “From individual knowledge recipient to collective knowledge sharer”.Conclusions: Having a leader with a gerontological competence was mentioned as important, as well as to integrate existential topics into the HPP. Social inclusion together with the possibility to influence the HPP had a positive effect on the participants and provided a sense of belonging.Significance: Several contributions to the development of the HPP were given, that would not have been captured without the reflections and involvement of the participants. However, more and larger studies are needed to develop strategies that enable older adult’s involvement in the development of HHP.
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| 22. |
- Johansson, Ann, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational challenges and adaptations of vulnerable EU citizens from Romania begging in Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Science. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1442-7591 .- 2158-1576. ; 26:2, s. 200-210
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: People from European Union (EU) countries such as Latvia, Romania and Bulgaria who beg on the streets have become a common part of the townscape in Sweden. While demanding situations in their home countries drive them abroad to earn their living, those who turn to begging still face challenges in their everyday lives. Additional knowledge is needed, from their perspective, about the occupational challenges of begging, as well as how they adapt to those challenges.Aim: To describe the occupational challenges and related adaptations of vulnerable EU citizens begging in Sweden.Methods: We used a descriptive qualitative design. Individual interviews with 20 Romanian participants were conducted and analysed using qualitative content analysis with a deductive and inductive approach.Results: Six categories of occupational adaptation responses were identified: Keeping the family tier intact despite distance; Dealing with shame and stress; Managing body and mind when begging despite the monotony; Living as cheaply as possible; Trying to get a night's sleep without drawing attention to oneself; and Seeking alternatives for earning their living.Conclusion: Everyday life, when begging abroad, is filled with occupational challenges requiring occupational adaptations, for better or for worse, to sustain basic human needs. To further understand the needs of this vulnerable and marginalised group in society, human rights discourses that go beyond the individual level are needed.
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| 23. |
- Knutti, Katri, et al.
(författare)
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Impacts of goal setting on engagement and rehabilitation outcomes following acquired brain injury : a systematic review of reviews
- 2022
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 44:12, s. 2581-2590
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To appraise and synthesize evidence from previous systematic reviews (SRs) concerning the impacts of goal setting on engagement in the rehabilitation process and on outcomes of participation and occupational performance for individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI).Materials and methods: Systematic review of SRs following the preferred reporting items for SRs and meta-analysis guidelines. Sixteen full text articles were assessed for eligibility, from which four were included in the review. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklists for SRs was used to rate quality and risk of bias.Results: Four SRs of moderate to high quality included a variety of methodologies. Evidence of moderate quality showed clients’ active participation in goal setting had positive impacts on the client and their engagement in the process. Findings suggested that goal-directed interventions, particularly in outpatient rehabilitation, may improve occupational performance. There was some indication that goal setting may support adherence to therapeutic exercises, but relevance to rehabilitation outcomes was less clear. Findings related to participation outcomes were minimal.Conclusions: Goal setting is a complex and multidimensional process. Goal setting may contribute to improved engagement in rehabilitation although few studies explored occupational performance and participation outcomes for individuals with ABI.Implications for rehabilitationActive goal setting may contribute to improved engagement in rehabilitation, however, including individual clients in the goal setting process requires creativity and flexibility on behalf of professionals.A model is presented to promote understanding of the personal and environmental barriers and facilitators that may interact with goal setting approaches to promote engagement in rehabilitation.There is a need for more research exploring impact of active client-centered goal setting on occupational performance and participation outcomes for people with acquired brain injury.
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| 24. |
- Moorthy, Shobana Devi, et al.
(författare)
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Mothers' participation in family gatherings and social events with their children with autism spectrum disorder : A scoping review
- 2023
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Ingår i: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0045-0766 .- 1440-1630. ; 70:4, s. 500-513
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Participating in family gatherings can provide enjoyment and quality time together as a family. However, being the primary carers, mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder may experience this phenomenon differently. The purpose of this study is to explore how available literature describes mothers' experiences of participation in family gatherings and social events with their children with autism spectrum disorder.Methods: A scoping review was used to explore available literature and identify studies describing mothers' experiences of family gatherings and social events with their children. A thematic synthesis was performed to analyse and synthesise the findings.Results: A total of 8 articles were included for review. The analysis of the included studies resulted in one central theme-Negative experiences despite strategies-and four analytical themes: Feeling fear, stress, and anxiety; Avoiding family gatherings; Enjoying less and becoming less confident; and Using strategies.Conclusion: These findings indicate that mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder experience difficulties during gatherings even when using strategies, hence limiting their participation.
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| 25. |
- Narbutaitienė, Justina, et al.
(författare)
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Stroke survivors’ experiences and meaning of digital technology in daily life : a phenomenological study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-3107 .- 1748-3115. ; 19:4, s. 1334-1342
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of the study was to explore the experiences and meaning of digital technology in daily life by stroke survivors.Materials and methods: A phenomenological study design helped to collect rich and in-depth understanding of stroke survivors’ experiences and meaning of digital technology in their daily life and their perspective of applying digital technology in the implementation of stroke-related telerehabilitation services. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis.Findings: An overarching theme emerged: A spectrum of challenges, personal preferences, strategies to manage, and attitudes towards the use of digital technology in daily life.Conclusion: The findings revealed that participants’ different experiences influenced their perceived meaning of digital technology in daily life and the interest to participate in telerehabilitation services.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Digital technology provides easy access to information for stroke survivors, but can sometimes be difficult to use.Stroke survivors have contrasting preferences for face-to-face and virtual interactions with health professionals.Digital technology has different meanings for different people.Client-centred practice within telerehabilitation for stroke survivors could be enhanced by understanding the clients’ preferences, experiences, and meanings in digital technology.
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| 26. |
- Nilsson, Thomas, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Intra- and extra-familial child sexual abusers and recidivism in Sweden: A 10- to 15-year follow-up study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1478-9949 .- 1478-9957. ; 25:3, s. 341-361
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rates of recidivism and types of recidivist crime have varied greatly in follow-up studies of child sexual abusers. In this long-term study of a population-based cohort (n = 193) and a nationwide clinic-referred study group (n = 166) of child sexual abusers, rates of recidivism and associations between index descriptors and outcomes were compared between intra-familial offenders and extra-familial offenders. Overall, 9.8% relapsed into sexual offence, 12.4% relapsed into violence and 2.6% relapsed into both types of offences in the population-based cohort. Corresponding numbers for the clinic-referred group were 13.9, 10.8 and 4.2%. Extra-familial offenders at index were significantly more likely to relapse into both sexual and violent criminality than intra-familial offenders, but no differences were found in rates of hands-off and hands-on crimes. Analysis of receiver operating characteristics showed that age at first conviction predicted sexual, violent and any criminality, with areas under the curve ranging from .67 to .80.
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| 27. |
- Söderström, Henrik, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Adult psychopathic personality with childhood-onset hyperactivity and conduct disorder: a central problem constellation in forensic psychiatry.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Psychiatry research. - 0165-1781. ; 121:3, s. 271-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To describe lifetime mental disorders among perpetrators of severe inter-personal crimes and to identify the problem domains most closely associated with aggression and a history of repeated violent criminality, we used structured interviews, clinical assessments, analyses of intellectual functioning, medical and social files, and collateral interviews in 100 consecutive subjects of pretrial forensic psychiatric investigations. Childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorders [attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD), learning disability, tics and autism spectrum disorders] affected 55% of the subjects and formed complex comorbidity patterns with adult personality disorders [including psychopathic traits according to the Psychopathy Checklist (PCL-R)], mood disorders and substance abuse. The closest psychiatric covariates to high Lifetime History of Aggression (LHA) scores and violent recidivism were the PCL-R scores and childhood conduct disorder (CD). Behavioral and affective PCL-R factors were closely associated with childhood AD/HD, CD, and autistic traits. The results support the notion that childhood-onset social and behavioral problems form the most relevant psychiatric symptom cluster in relation to pervasive adult violent behavior, while late-onset mental disorders are more often associated with single acts of violent or sexual aggression.
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| 28. |
- Söderström, Henrik, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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The childhood-onset neuropsychiatric background to adulthood psychopathic traits and personality disorders.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Comprehensive psychiatry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0010-440X. ; 46:2, s. 111-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Childhood conduct disorder (CD) and adult psychopathic traits according to the Psychopathy Checklist Revised (PCL-R) were the closest psychiatric covariates to repeated violent crimes and aggression among offenders under forensic psychiatric investigation in Sweden. As psychopathy is not included in the present psychiatric diagnostic systems, we compared total and factor PCL-R scores to Axis I disorders, including childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorders, and to Axis II personality disorders, to establish the convergence of psychopathic traits with other psychiatric diagnoses, and to identify possible unique features. Psychopathic traits were positively correlated with bipolar mood disorder and negatively with unipolar depression. The total PCL-R scores as well as the Factor 2 (unemotionality) and Factor 3 (behavioral dyscontrol) scores were significantly correlated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, Asperger's syndrome/high-functioning autistic traits, CD, substance abuse, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition Cluster B personality disorders. The interpersonal Factor 1 showed none of these correlations and may capture features that are specific to psychopathy, distinguishing core psychopathy from other diagnostic definitions.
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| 29. |
- Wagman, Petra, et al.
(författare)
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Making sustainability in occupational therapy visible by relating to the Agenda 2030 goals – A case description of a Swedish university
- 2020
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Ingår i: World Federation of Occupational Therapists Bulletin. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1447-3828 .- 2056-6077. ; 76:1, s. 7-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Occupational therapy has a lot to contribute to sustainable development considering the discipline's occupational focus and knowledge. This has been recognised by researchers and professional associations, but there is still a scarcity of research explicitly mentioning sustainability. Relevant contributions may be identified by relating education and research to the Agenda 2030 sustainable development goals. The aim of this article was to describe explicit and implicit inclusion of sustainable development and Agenda 2030 goals in occupational therapy education and research at one Swedish university. Current course syllabi and study guides, as well as research over the past five-year period, were examined and related to sustainability. The results showed that although only a few courses and articles were explicitly related to sustainable development, more course and research content became relevant when this content was compared with the sustainable development goals. It can be concluded that sustainability was more extensively addressed than first visible, but further studies including more universities are warranted.
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| 30. |
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