| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Klionsky, Daniel J., et al.
(författare)
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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- 2012
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Ingår i: Autophagy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1554-8635 .- 1554-8627. ; 8:4, s. 445-544
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
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| 3. |
- Ivanov, Sergey A., et al.
(författare)
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Evolution of the structural and multiferroic properties of PbFe2/3W1/3O3 ceramics upon Mn-doping
- 2017
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Ingår i: Materials Chemistry and Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0254-0584 .- 1879-3312. ; 187, s. 218-232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The perovskite system Pb(Fe1-xMnx)(2/3)W1/3O3 (0 <= x <= 1, PFMWO) has been prepared by conventional solid-state reaction under different sintering conditions. Structures and phase composition as well as thermal, magnetic and dielectric properties of the compounds have been systematically investigated experimentally and by first-principles density functional calculations. A clean perovskite phase is established at room temperature for compositions 0 <= x <= 0.4. Rietveld refinements of X-ray and neutron powder diffraction patterns demonstrate that the compounds crystallize in space group Pm-3m (0 <= x <= 0.4). The degree of ordering of the Fe and W/Mn cations was found to depend on the concentration of Mn. First-principles calculations suggest that the structural properties of PFMWO are strongly influenced by the Jahn Teller effect. The PFMWO compounds behave as relaxor ferroelectrics at weak Mn-doping with a dielectric constant that rapidly decreases with increasing Mn content. A low temperature antiferromagnetic G-type order with propagation vector k = (1/2,1/2,1/2) is derived from neutron powder diffraction data for the samples with x <= 0.4. However with increasing doping concentration, the magnetic order is perturbed. First principles calculations show that the dominant exchange coupling is antiferromagnetic and occurs between nearest neighbor Fe atoms. When the system is doped with Mn, a relatively weak ferromagnetic (FM) interaction between Fe and Mn atoms emerges. However, due to the presence of this FM interaction, the correlation length of the magnetic order is greatly shortened already at rather low doping levels.
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| 4. |
- Tomasi, C., et al.
(författare)
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Aerosols in polar regions : A historical overview based on optical depth and in situ observations
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research. - 0148-0227 .- 2156-2202. ; 112:D16, s. D16205-
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Large sets of filtered actinometer, filtered pyrheliometer and Sun photometer measurements have been carried out over the past 30 years by various groups at different Arctic and Antarctic sites and for different time periods. They were examined to estimate ensemble average, long-term trends of the summer background aerosol optical depth AOD(500 nm) in the polar regions ( omitting the data influenced by Arctic haze and volcanic eruptions). The trend for the Arctic was estimated to be between -1.6% and -2.0% per year over 30 years, depending on location. No significant trend was observed for Antarctica. The time patterns of AOD( 500 nm) and angstrom ngstrom's parameters a and beta measured with Sun photometers during the last 20 years at various Arctic and Antarctic sites are also presented. They give a measure of the large variations of these parameters due to El Chichon, Pinatubo, and Cerro Hudson volcanic particles, Arctic haze episodes most frequent in winter and spring, and the transport of Asian dust and boreal smokes to the Arctic region. Evidence is also shown of marked differences between the aerosol optical parameters measured at coastal and high-altitude sites in Antarctica. In situ optical and chemical composition parameters of aerosol particles measured at Arctic and Antarctic sites are also examined to achieve more complete information on the multimodal size distribution shape parameters and their radiative properties. A characterization of aerosol radiative parameters is also defined by plotting the daily mean values of a as a function of AOD( 500 nm), separately for the two polar regions, allowing the identification of different clusters related to fifteen aerosol classes, for which the spectral values of complex refractive index and single scattering albedo were evaluated.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Akansel, Serkan, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced Gilbert damping in Re-doped FeCo films : Combined experimental and theoretical study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 99:17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of rhenium doping in the range 0-10 at.% on the static and dynamic magnetic properties of Fe65Co35 thin films have been studied experimentally as well as with first-principles electronic structure calculations focusing on the change of the saturation magnetization (M-s) and the Gilbert damping parameter (alpha). Both experimental and theoretical results show that M-s decreases with increasing Re-doping level, while at the same time alpha increases. The experimental low temperature saturation magnetic induction exhibits a 29% decrease, from 2.31 to 1.64 T, in the investigated doping concentration range, which is more than predicted by the theoretical calculations. The room temperature value of the damping parameter obtained from ferromagnetic resonance measurements, correcting for extrinsic contributions to the damping, is for the undoped sample 2.1 x 10(-3), which is close to the theoretically calculated Gilbert damping parameter. With 10 at.% Re doping, the damping parameter increases to 7.8 x 10(-3), which is in good agreement with the theoretical value of 7.3 x 10(-3). The increase in damping parameter with Re doping is explained by the increase in the density of states at the Fermi level, mostly contributed by the spin-up channel of Re. Moreover, both experimental and theoretical values for the damping parameter weakly decrease with decreasing temperature.
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| 7. |
- Humphries, Matthew P., et al.
(författare)
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A case-matched gender comparison transcriptomic screen identifies eIF4E and eIF5 as potential prognostic markers in male breast cancer
- 2017
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Ingår i: Clinical Cancer Research. - 1078-0432 .- 1557-3265. ; 23:10, s. 2575-2583
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Breast cancer affects both genders, but is understudied in men. Although still rare, male breast cancer (MBC) is being diagnosed more frequently. Treatments are wholly informed by clinical studies conducted in women, based on assumptions that underlying biology is similar. Experimental Design: A transcriptomic investigation of male and female breast cancer was performed, confirming transcriptomic data in silico. Biomarkers were immunohistochemically assessed in 697 MBCs (n = 477, training; n = 220, validation set) and quantified in pre- and posttreatment samples from an MBC patient receiving everolimus and PI3K/mTOR inhibitor. Results: Gender-specific gene expression patterns were identified. eIF transcripts were upregulated in MBC. eIF4E and eIF5 were negatively prognostic for overall survival alone (log-rank P = 0.013; HR = 1.77, 1.12-2.8 and P = 0.035; HR = 1.68, 1.03-2.74, respectively), or when coexpressed (P = 0.01; HR = 2.66, 1.26-5.63), confirmed in the validation set. This remained upon multivariate Cox regression analysis [eIF4E P = 0.016; HR = 2.38 (1.18-4.8), eIF5 P = 0.022; HR = 2.55 (1.14-5.7); coexpression P = 0.001; HR = 7.04 (2.22-22.26)]. Marked reduction in eIF4E and eIF5 expression was seen post BEZ235/everolimus, with extended survival. Conclusions: Translational initiation pathway inhibition could be of clinical utility in MBC patients overexpressing eIF4E and eIF5. With mTOR inhibitors that target this pathway now in the clinic, these biomarkers may represent new targets for therapeutic intervention, although further independent validation is required.
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| 8. |
- Ivanov, Sergey A, et al.
(författare)
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Polar Order and Frustrated Antiferromagnetism in Perovskite Pb2MnWO6 Single Crystals.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Inorganic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0020-1669 .- 1520-510X. ; 55:6, s. 2791-2805
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Single crystals of the multiferroic double-perovskite Pb2MnWO6 have been synthesized and their structural, thermal, magnetic and dielectric properties studied in detail. Pure perovskite-phase formation and stoichiometric chemical composition of the as-grown crystals are confirmed by X-ray single-crystal and powder diffraction techniques as well as energy-dispersive X-ray and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Detailed structural analyses reveal that the crystals experience a structural phase transition from the cubic space group (s.g.) Fm3̅m to an orthorhombic structure in s.g. Pn21a at about 460 K. Dielectric data suggest that a ferrielectric phase transition takes place at that same temperature, in contrast to earlier results on polycrystalline samples, which reported a transition to s.g. Pnma and an antiferroelectric low-temperature phase. Magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate that a frustrated antiferromagnetic phase emerges below 8 K. Density functional theory based calculations confirm that the cationic order between Mn and W is favorable. The lowest total energy was found for an antiferromagnetically ordered state. However, analyses of the calculated exchange parameters revealed strongly competing antiferromagnetic interactions. The large distance between the magnetic atoms, together with magnetic frustration, is shown to be the main reason for the low value of the ordering temperature observed experimentally. We discuss the structure-property relationships in Pb2MnWO6 and compare these observations to reported results on related Pb2BWO6 perovskites with different B cations.
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| 9. |
- Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar, et al.
(författare)
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Nomenclature in nephrology : preserving renal and nephro in the glossary of kidney health and disease
- 2021
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Ingår i: JN. Journal of Nephrology. - : SPRINGER HEIDELBERG. - 1121-8428 .- 1724-6059. ; 34:3, s. 639-648
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A recently published nomenclature by a "Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes" (KDIGO) Consensus Conference suggested that the word "kidney" should be used in medical writings instead of "renal" or "nephro" when referring to kidney disease and kidney health. Whereas the decade-old move to use "kidney" more frequently should be supported when communicating with the public-at-large, such as the World Kidney Day, or in English speaking countries in communications with patients, care-partners, and non-medical persons, our point of view is that "renal" or "nephro" should not be removed from scientific and technical writings. Instead, the terms can coexist and be used in their relevant contexts. Cardiologists use "heart" and "cardio" as appropriate such as "heart failure" and "cardiac care units" and have not replaced "cardiovascular" with "heartvessel", for instance. Likewise, in nephrology, we consider that "chronic kidney disease" and "continuous renal replacement therapy" should coexist. We suggest that in scientific writings and technical communications, the words "renal" and "nephro" and their derivatives are more appropriate and should be freely used without any pressure by medical journals to compel patients, care-partners, healthcare providers, researchers and other stakeholders to change their selected words and terminologies. We call to embrace the terms "kidney", "renal" and "nephro" as they are used in different contexts and ask that scientific and medical journals not impose terminology restrictions for kidney disease and kidney health. The choice should be at the discretion of the authors, in the different contexts including in scientific journals.
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| 10. |
- Park, Jaeyoon, et al.
(författare)
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Tracking elusive and shifting identities of the global fishing fleet
- 2023
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Ingår i: Science Advances. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 2375-2548. ; 9:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing costs billions of dollars per year and is enabled by vessels obfuscating their identity. Here, we combine identities of ~35,000 vessels with a decade of GPS data to provide a global assessment of fishing compliance, reflagging patterns, and fishing by foreign-owned vessels. About 17% of high seas fishing is by potentially unauthorized or internationally unregulated vessels, with hot spots of this activity in the west Indian and the southwest Atlantic Oceans. In addition, reflagging, a tactic often used to obscure oversight, occurs in just a few ports primarily by fleets with high foreign ownership. Fishing by foreign-owned vessels is concentrated in parts of high seas and certain national waters, often flying flags of convenience. These findings can address the global scope of potential IUU fishing and enable authorities to improve oversight.
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| 11. |
- Sever, Mehmet Sukru, et al.
(författare)
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A roadmap for optimizing chronic kidney disease patient care and patient-oriented research in the Eastern European nephrology community
- 2021
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Ingår i: Clinical Kidney Journal. - : Oxford University Press. - 2048-8505 .- 2048-8513. ; 14:1, s. 23-35
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health problem because of its high prevalence, associated complications and high treatment costs. Several aspects of CKD differ significantly in the Eastern European nephrology community compared with Western Europe because of different geographic, socio-economic, infrastructure, cultural and educational features. The two most frequent aetiologies of CKD, DM and hypertension, and many other predisposing factors, are more frequent in the Eastern region, resulting in more prevalent CKD Stages 3-5. Interventions may minimize the potential drawbacks of the high prevalence of CKD in Eastern Europe, which include several options at various stages of the disease, such as raising public, medical personnel and healthcare authorities awareness; early detection by screening high-risk populations; preventing progression and CKD-related complications by training health professionals and patients; promoting transplantation or home dialysis as the preferred modality; disseminating and implementing guidelines and guided therapy and encouraging/supporting country-specific observational research as well as international collaborative projects. Specific ways to significantly impact CKD-related problems in every region of Europe through education, science and networking are collaboration with non-nephrology European societies who have a common interest in CKD and its associated complications, representation through an advisory role within nephrology via national nephrology societies, contributing to the training of local nephrologists and stimulating patient-oriented research. The latter is mandatory to identify country-specific kidney disease-related priorities. Active involvement of patients in this research via collaboration with the European Kidney Patient Federation or national patient federations is imperative to ensure that projects reflect specific patient needs.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Yazdani-Asrami, Mohammad, et al.
(författare)
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Roadmap on artificial intelligence and big data techniques for superconductivity
- 2023
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Ingår i: Superconductors Science and Technology. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-2048 .- 1361-6668. ; 36:4, s. 043501-043501
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a roadmap to the application of AI techniques and big data (BD) for different modelling, design, monitoring, manufacturing and operation purposes of different superconducting applications. To help superconductivity researchers, engineers, and manufacturers understand the viability of using AI and BD techniques as future solutions for challenges in superconductivity, a series of short articles are presented to outline some of the potential applications and solutions. These potential futuristic routes and their materials/technologies are considered for a 10–20 yr time-frame.
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| 14. |
- A Asif, Farazee M, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Performance analysis of the closed loop supply chain
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Remanufacturing. - Germany : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2210-4690. ; 2:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeThe question of resource scarcity and emerging pressure of environmental legislations has brought a new challenge for the manufacturing industry. On the one hand, there is a huge population that demands a large quantity of commodities; on the other hand, these demands have to be met by minimum resources and pollution. Resource conservative manufacturing (ResCoM) is a proposed holistic concept to manage these challenges. The successful implementation of this concept requires cross functional collaboration among relevant fields, and among them, closed loop supply chain is an essential domain. The paper aims to highlight some misconceptions concerning the closed loop supply chain, to discuss different challenges, and in addition, to show how the proposed concept deals with those challenges through analysis of key performance indicators (KPI).MethodsThe work presented in this paper is mainly based on the literature review. The analysis of performance of the closed loop supply chain is done using system dynamics, and the Stella software has been used to do the simulation. Findings The results of the simulation depict that in ResCoM; the performance of the closed loop supply chain is much enhanced in terms of supply, demand, and other uncertainties involved. The results may particularly be interesting for industries involved in remanufacturing, researchers in the field of closed loop supply chain, and other relevant areas. Originality The paper presented a novel research concept called ResCoM which is supported by system dynamics models of the closed loop supply chain to demonstrate the behavior of KPI in the closed loop supply chain.
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| 15. |
- Ashton, Nicholas J., et al.
(författare)
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A multicentre validation study of the diagnostic value of plasma neurofilament light
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 12, s. 1-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light (NfL) is a recognized biomarker for neurodegeneration that can also be assessed in blood. Here, we investigate plasma NfL as a marker of neurodegeneration in 13 neurodegenerative disorders, Down syndrome, depression and cognitively unimpaired controls from two multicenter cohorts: King's College London (n = 805) and the Swedish BioFINDER study (n = 1,464). Plasma NfL was significantly increased in all cortical neurodegenerative disorders, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and atypical parkinsonian disorders. We demonstrate that plasma NfL is clinically useful in identifying atypical parkinsonian disorders in patients with parkinsonism, dementia in individuals with Down syndrome, dementia among psychiatric disorders, and frontotemporal dementia in patients with cognitive impairment. Data-driven cut-offs highlighted the fundamental importance of age-related clinical cut-offs for disorders with a younger age of onset. Finally, plasma NfL performs best when applied to indicate no underlying neurodegeneration, with low false positives, in all age-related cut-offs.
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| 16. |
- Autieri, Carmine, et al.
(författare)
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Recipe for High Moment Materials with Rare-earth and 3d Transition Metal Composites
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Materials with high volume magnetization are perpetually needed for the generation of sufficiently large magnetic fields by writer pole of magnetic hard disks, especially for achieving increased areal density in storage media. In search of suitable materials combinations for this purpose, we have employed density functional theory to predict the magnetic coupling between iron and gadolinium layers separated by one to several monolayers of 3d transition metals (Sc-Zn). We demonstrate that it is possible to find ferromagnetic coupling for many of them and in particular for the early transition metals giving rise to high moment. Cr and Mn are the only elements able to produce a significant ferromagnetic coupling for thicker spacer layers. We also present experimental results on two trilayer systems Fe/Sc/Gd and Fe/Mn/Gd. From the experiments, we confirm a ferromagnetic coupling between Fe and Gd across a 3 monolayers Sc spacer or a Mn spacer thicker than 1 monolayer. In addition, we observe a peculiar dependence of Fe/Gd magnetic coupling on the Mn spacer thickness.
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| 17. |
- Blankestijn, Peter J., et al.
(författare)
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Nephrology: achieving sustainability
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation. - : Oxford University Press. - 0931-0509 .- 1460-2385. ; 35:12, s. 2030-2033
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Carmine, G., et al.
(författare)
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Who is the high seas fishing industry?
- 2020
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Ingår i: One Earth. - : Elsevier BV. - 2590-3330 .- 2590-3322. ; 3:6, s. 730-738
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Seafood companies rarely disclose what or where they are fishing. To provide a first overview of the fishing industry in the high seas-the area beyond national jurisdiction-we linked fishing activity in the high seas to vessel owners and corporate actors. We identified 1,120 corporate actors for 2,482 vessels (similar to 2/3 of high seas fishing vessels and effort in 2018) and found that the top 100 corporate actors account for 36% of all high seas fishing effort. As attribution for anthropogenic activities expands beyond a national framework, we demonstrate the feasibility of methods to identify the high seas fishing industry. These results provide a unique lens through which to view accountability for the use and protection of marine biodiversity.
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| 25. |
- Edvinsson, Jacob C.A., et al.
(författare)
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MERTK in the rat trigeminal system : a potential novel target for cluster headache?
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Headache and Pain. - 1129-2369 .- 1129-2377. ; 25:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The trigeminal system is key to the pathophysiology of migraine and cluster headache, two primary headache disorders that share many features. Recently, MER proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase (MERTK), a cell surface receptor, was strongly associated with cluster headache through genetic studies. Further, the MERTK ligand galectin-3 has been found to be elevated in serum of migraine patients. In this study, MERTK and MERTK ligands were investigated in key tissue to better understand their potential implication in the pathophysiology of primary headache disorders. Immunohistochemistry was used to map MERTK and galectin-3 expression in rat trigeminal ganglia. RT-qPCR was used to assess MERTK gene expression in blood, and ELISA immunoassays were used for MERTK ligand quantification in serum from study participants with and without cluster headache. MERTK gene expression was elevated in blood samples from study participants with cluster headache compared to controls. In addition, MERTK ligand galectin-3 was found at increased concentration in the serum of study participants with cluster headache, whereas the levels of MERTK ligands growth arrest specific 6 and protein S unaffected. MERTK and galectin-3 were both expressed in rat trigeminal ganglia. Galectin-3 was primarily localized in smaller neurons and to a lesser extent in C-fibres, while MERTK was found in satellite glia cells and in the outer membrane of Schwann cells. Interestingly, a strong MERTK signal was found specifically in the region proximal to the nodes of Ranvier. The overexpression of MERTK and galectin-3 in tissue from study participants with cluster headache, as well as the presence of MERTK in rat peripheral satellite glia cells and Schwann cells in the trigeminal ganglia, further highlights MERTK signalling as an interesting potential future therapeutic target in primary headache. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.)
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Loirat, Chantal, et al.
(författare)
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An international consensus approach to the management of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome in children
- 2016
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Ingår i: Pediatric Nephrology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-198X .- 0931-041X. ; 31:1, s. 15-39
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) emerged during the last decade as a disease largely of complement dysregulation. This advance facilitated the development of novel, rational treatment options targeting terminal complement activation, e.g., using an anti-C5 antibody (eculizumab). We review treatment and patient management issues related to this therapeutic approach. We present consensus clinical practice recommendations generated by HUS International, an international expert group of clinicians and basic scientists with a focused interest in HUS. We aim to address the following questions of high relevance to daily clinical practice: Which complement investigations should be done and when? What is the importance of anti-factor H antibody detection? Who should be treated with eculizumab? Is plasma exchange therapy still needed? When should eculizumab therapy be initiated? How and when should complement blockade be monitored? Can the approved treatment schedule be modified? What approach should be taken to kidney and/or combined liver-kidney transplantation? How should we limit the risk of meningococcal infection under complement blockade therapy? A pressing question today regards the treatment duration. We discuss the need for prospective studies to establish evidence-based criteria for the continuation or cessation of anticomplement therapy in patients with and without identified complement mutations.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Pepin, Marion, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive disorders in patients with chronic kidney disease: Approaches to prevention and treatment
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Journal of Neurology. - : WILEY. - 1351-5101 .- 1468-1331. ; 30:9, s. 2899-2911
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Cognitive impairment is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and early intervention may prevent the progression of this condition. Methods: Here, we review interventions for the complications of CKD (anemia, secondary hyperparathyroidism, metabolic acidosis, harmful effects of dialysis, the accumulation of uremic toxins) and for prevention of vascular events, interventions that may potentially be protective against cognitive impairment. Furthermore, we discuss nonpharmacological and pharmacological methods to prevent cognitive impairment and/or minimize the latters impact on CKD patients daily lives. Results: A particular attention on kidney function assessment is suggested during work-up for cognitive impairment. Different approaches are promising to reduce cognitive burden in patients with CKD but the availabe dedicated data are scarce. Conclusions: There is a need for studies assessing the effect of interventions on the cognitive function of patients with CKD.
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| 32. |
- Pereira, Laura M., et al.
(författare)
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The living infinite: Envisioning futures for transformed human-nature relationships on the high seas
- 2023
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Ingår i: Marine Policy. - 0308-597X .- 1872-9460. ; 153, s. 105644-105644
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We find ourselves at a critical crossroads for the future governance of the high seas, but the perceived remoteness of the global ocean creates a psychological barrier for people to engage with it. Given challenges of overexploitation, inequitable access and other sustainability and equity concerns, current ocean governance mechanisms are not fit-for-purpose. This decade offers opportunities for direct impact on ocean governance, however, triggering a global transformation on how we use and protect the half of our planet requires a concerted effort that is guided by shared values and principles across regions and sectors. The aim of the series of workshops outlined in this paper, was to undertake a futures thinking process that could use the Nature Futures Framework as a mechanism to bring more transformative energy into how humans conceptualise the high seas and therefore how we aim to govern the ocean. We found that engaging with the future through science fiction narratives allowed a more radical appreciation of what could be and infusing science with artistic elements can inspire audiences beyond academia. Thus, creative endeavours of co-production that promote and encourage imagination to address current challenges should be considered as important tools in the science-policy interface, also as a way to elicit empathetic responses. This workshop series was a first, and hopefully promising, step towards generating a more creative praxis in how we imagine and then act for a better future for the high seas.
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| 33. |
- Pereira, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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The Living Infinite
- 2022
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Ingår i: Vector. - 0505-0448.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 34. |
- Shahabi, H Niazi, et al.
(författare)
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Cytochrome P450 2E1 gene polymorphisms/haplotypes and Parkinson's disease in a Swedish population.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1435-1463 .- 0300-9564. ; 116:5, s. 567-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), which inter alia is located in dopamine containing neurons in the substantia nigra, has been hypothesized to be of importance for the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD), either by its production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or by its capability to detoxify putative neurotoxins. Numerous polymorphisms in the coding and non-coding regions of the gene for this enzyme have been reported. Different variants may account for inter-individual differences in the activity of the enzyme or production of ROS. In this study, the CYP2E1 gene was examined in a control population (n = 272) and a population with PD (n = 347), using a tag-single nucleotide polymorphism (tSNP) approach founded on HapMap Data. Six tSNPs were used in the analysis and haplotype block data were obtained. In case of significance, the SNP was further examined regarding early/late age of disease onset and presence of relatives with PD. We found an association between allele and genotype frequencies of the C/G polymorphism at intron 7 (rs2070676) of this gene and PD (P value of 0.026 and 0.027, respectively). Furthermore, analysis of the rs2070676 polymorphism in subgroups of patients with age of disease onset higher than 50 years and those not having a relative with PD also demonstrated a significant difference with controls. This was seen in both genotype (corresponding to P value = 0.039 and 0.032) and allele (P = 0.027 and 0.017 respectively) frequency. As a representative of many polymorphisms or in possible linkage disequilibrium with other functional variants, it is possible that rs2070676 could influence the regulation of the enzyme. In conclusion, our results display an association between the rs2070676 polymorphism and PD. Additional investigations are needed to elucidate the importance of this polymorphism for the activity of CYP2E1 and PD susceptibility.
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| 35. |
- Viggiano, Davide, et al.
(författare)
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Brain dysfunction in tubular and tubulointerstitial kidney diseases
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation. - : Oxford University Press. - 0931-0509 .- 1460-2385. ; 37, s. 45-54
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Kidney function has two important elements: glomerular filtration and tubular function (secretion and reabsorption). A persistent decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), with or without proteinuria, is diagnostic of chronic kidney disease (CKD). While glomerular injury or disease is a major cause of CKD and usually associated with proteinuria, predominant tubular injury, with or without tubulointerstitial disease, is typically non-proteinuric. CKD has been linked with cognitive impairment, but it is unclear how much this depends on a decreased GFR, altered tubular function or the presence of proteinuria. Since CKD is often accompanied by tubular and interstitial dysfunction, we explore here for the first time the potential role of the tubular and tubulointerstitial compartments in cognitive dysfunction. To help address this issue we selected a group of primary tubular diseases with preserved GFR in which to review the evidence for any association with brain dysfunction. Cognition, mood, neurosensory and motor disturbances are not well characterized in tubular diseases, possibly because they are subclinical and less prominent than other clinical manifestations. The available literature suggests that brain dysfunction in tubular and tubulointerstitial diseases is usually mild and is more often seen in disorders of water handling. Brain dysfunctionmay occur when severe electrolyte and water disorders in young children persist over a long period of time before the diagnosis is made. We have chosen Bartter and Gitelman syndromes and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus as examples tohighlight this topic. Wediscuss current published findings, some unanswered questions and propose topics for future research.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Westberg, Lars, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Association between the estrogen receptor beta gene and age of onset of Parkinson's disease.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Psychoneuroendocrinology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-4530. ; 29:8, s. 993-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential contribution of genetic variants in the estrogen receptor beta gene to the aetiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). Several lines of evidence from human and animal studies suggest a protective role for estrogen in PD. Recently the estrogen receptor beta subtype was reported to be an important mediator of estrogen actions in the nigrostriatal dopamine system. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms at position 1730 and 1082 in the ER beta gene were genotyped, using pyrosequencing, in 260 patients with PD and 308 controls recruited from the Swedish population. Neither of the two estrogen receptor beta polymorphisms was associated with an increased risk for PD. However, the G allele of the A1730G polymorphism was more frequent in patients with an early age of onset than in patients with a late age of onset of PD (P = 0.006). Patients carrying the GG genotype had an odds ratio of 2.2 for having an early onset of PD compared to non-carriers. In conclusion, our results indicate that genetic variation in the estrogen receptor beta gene may influence the age of onset of PD.
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| 38. |
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