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| 3. |
- Börjesson, Mats, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Brief recommendations for participation in leisure time or competitive sports in athletes-patients with coronary artery disease: Summary of a Position Statement from the Sports Cardiology Section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC)
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2047-4873 .- 2047-4881. ; 27:7, s. 770-776
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a brief summary of the recommendations from the Sports Cardiology section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC) on sports-participation in patients with coronary artery disease, coronary artery anomalies or spontaneous dissection of the coronary arteries, all entities being associated with myocardial ischaemia.1 Given the wealth of evidence supporting the benefits of exercise for primary and secondary prevention of coronary artery disease, individuals should be restricted from competitive sport only when a substantial risk of adverse event or disease progression is present. These recommendations aim to encourage regular physical activity including participation in sports and, with reasonable precaution, ensure a high level of safety for all individuals with coronary artery disease. The present document is based on available current evidence, but in most instances because of lack of evidence, also on clinical experience and expert opinion.
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| 6. |
- Pelliccia, A., et al.
(författare)
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Recommendations for participation in competitive and leisure time sport in athletes with cardiomyopathies, myocarditis, and pericarditis: position statement of the Sport Cardiology Section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC)
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 40:1, s. 19-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Myocardial diseases are associated with an increased risk of potentially fatal cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death/cardiac arrest during exercise, including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, left ventricular non-compaction, arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, and myo-pericarditis. Practicing cardiologists and sport physicians are required to identify high-risk individuals harbouring these cardiac diseases in a timely fashion in the setting of preparticipation screening or medical consultation and provide appropriate advice regarding the participation in competitive sport activities and/or regular exercise programmes. Many asymptomatic (or mildly symptomatic) patients with cardiomyopathies aspire to participate in leisure-time and amateur sport activities to take advantage of the multiple benefits of a physically active lifestyle. In 2005, The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) published recommendations for participation in competitive sport in athletes with cardiomyopathies and myo-pericarditis. One decade on, these recommendations are partly obsolete given the evolving knowledge of the diagnosis, management and treatment of cardiomyopathies and myo-pericarditis. The present document, therefore, aims to offer a comprehensive overview of the most updated recommendations for practicing cardiologists and sport physicians managing athletes with cardiomyopathies and myo-pericarditis and provides pragmatic advice for safe participation in competitive sport at professional and amateur level, as well as in a variety of recreational physical activities.
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| 7. |
- Ravasio, A, et al.
(författare)
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Single-Shot Diffractive Imaging with a Table-Top Femtosecond Soft X-Ray Laser-Harmonics Source
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 103:2, s. 028104-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coherent x-ray diffractive imaging is a powerful method for studies on nonperiodic structures on the nanoscale. Access to femtosecond dynamics in major physical, chemical, and biological processes requires single-shot diffraction data. Up to now, this has been limited to intense coherent pulses from a free electron laser. Here we show that laser-driven ultrashort x-ray sources offer a comparatively inexpensive alternative. We present measurements of single-shot diffraction patterns from isolated nano-objects with a single 20 fs pulse from a table-top high-harmonic x-ray laser. Images were reconstructed with a resolution of 119 nm from the single shot and 62 nm from multiple shots.
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| 8. |
- Brierley, Chris M., et al.
(författare)
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Large-scale features and evaluation of the PMIP4-CMIP6 midHolocene simulations
- 2020
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Ingår i: Climate of the Past. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1814-9324 .- 1814-9332. ; 16:5, s. 1847-1872
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mid-Holocene (6000 years ago) is a standard time period for the evaluation of the simulated response of global climate models using palaeoclimate reconstructions. The latest mid-Holocene simulations are a palaeoclimate entry card for the Palaeoclimate Model Intercomparison Project (PMIP4) component of the current phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) - hereafter referred to as PMIP4-CMIP6. Here we provide an initial analysis and evaluation of the results of the experiment for the mid-Holocene. We show that state-of-the-art models produce climate changes that are broadly consistent with theory and observations, including increased summer warming of the Northern Hemisphere and associated shifts in tropical rainfall. Many features of the PMIP4-CMIP6 simulations were present in the previous generation (PMIP3-CMIP5) of simulations. The PMIP4-CMIP6 ensemble for the mid-Holocene has a global mean temperature change of -0.3 K, which is -0.2K cooler than the PMIP3-CMIP5 simulations predominantly as a result of the prescription of realistic greenhouse gas concentrations in PMIP4-CMIP6. Biases in the magnitude and the sign of regional responses identified in PMIP3-CMIP5, such as the amplification of the northern African monsoon, precipitation changes over Europe, and simulated aridity in mid-Eurasia, are still present in the PMIP4-CMIP6 simulations. Despite these issues, PMIP4-CMIP6 and the mid-Holocene provide an opportunity both for quantitative evaluation and derivation of emergent constraints on the hydrological cycle, feedback strength, and potentially climate sensitivity.
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| 9. |
- Ge, X., et al.
(författare)
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Impact of wave front and coherence optimization in coherent diffractive imaging
- 2013
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Ingår i: Optics Express. - 1094-4087. ; 21:9, s. 11441-11447
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present single shot nanoscale imaging using a table-top femtosecond soft X-ray laser harmonic source at a wavelength of 32 nm. We show that the phase retrieval process in coherent diffractive imaging critically depends on beam quality. Coherence and image fidelity are measured from single-shot coherent diffraction patterns of isolated nano-patterned slits. Impact of flux, wave front and coherence of the soft X-ray beam on the phase retrieval process and the image quality are discussed. After beam improvements, a final image reconstruction is presented with a spatial resolution of 78 nm (half period) in a single 20 fs laser harmonic shot.
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| 12. |
- Beneventi, D, et al.
(författare)
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Surface rheology and foaming properties of sodium oleate and C12(EO)6 aqueous solutions
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 268, s. 221-229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The dynamic surface tension (DST) and the surface viscoelastic modulus of sodium oleate aqueous solutions at different concentrations were measured using an image analysis tensiometer based on the oscillating bubble technique. The diffusion coefficient of oleate moieties was calculated from DST measurements and the surface viscoelastic modulus using the Langmuir–Szyszkowski and the diffusion-controlled adsorption models. The viscoelastic moduli obtained from model calculations were compared with the corresponding experimental values. The diffusion coefficient of C12(EO)6 in water and the parameters of the Langmuir–Szyszkowski adsorption isotherm were taken from the literature and used to calculate the surface viscoelastic modulus of its aqueous solutions at different concentrations. The foaming properties of both C12(EO)6 and sodium oleate solutions, viz., the foam conductance and the water volume fraction in the foam, were measured using a commercial Foamscan device. Foaming experiments with C12(EO)6 and sodium oleate solutions were carried out either under static conditions; i.e., the foam conductance and the water volume fraction were measured as a function of time after the generation of a fixed volume of foam, or under dynamic conditions; i.e., the foam conductance and the water volume fraction were measured during foam formation. The variations in the foam permeability as a function of surfactant concentration were related to the viscoelastic properties of the air/water interface and to the presence of micelles in the foam films. With foams in which the water volume fraction was higher than 0.05, the foam electrical conduction could be described using a simple parallel resistor model and their conductance measurements were related to the foam water volume fraction. The results related to water drainage under static conditions were used to interpret water drainage under dynamic conditions. Preliminary conjectures on the influence of foam permeability and water volume fraction on the yield of the flotation deinking process were drawn from these results.
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| 13. |
- Carre, A, et al.
(författare)
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Coxsackievirus and Type 1 Diabetes: Diabetogenic Mechanisms and Implications for Prevention
- 2023
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Ingår i: Endocrine reviews. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7189 .- 0163-769X. ; 44:4, s. 737-751
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The evidence for an association between coxsackievirus B (CVB) infection, pancreatic islet autoimmunity, and clinical type 1 diabetes is increasing. Results from prospective cohorts and pancreas histopathology studies have provided a compelling case. However, the demonstration of a causal relationship is missing, and is likely to remain elusive until tested in humans by avoiding exposure to this candidate viral trigger. To this end, CVB vaccines have been developed and are entering clinical trials. However, the progress made in understanding the biology of the virus and in providing tools to address the long-standing question of causality contrasts with the scarcity of information about the antiviral immune responses triggered by infection. Beta-cell death may be primarily induced by CVB itself, possibly in the context of poor immune protection, or secondarily provoked by T-cell responses against CVB-infected beta cells. The possible involvement of epitope mimicry mechanisms skewing the physiological antiviral response toward autoimmunity has also been suggested. We here review the available evidence for each of these 3 non-mutually exclusive scenarios. Understanding which ones are at play is critical to maximize the odds of success of CVB vaccination, and to develop suitable tools to monitor the efficacy of immunization and its intermingling with autoimmune onset or prevention.
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| 14. |
- Carré, B., et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of attosecond pulse trains
- 2007
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Ingår i: Ultrafast Optics V. - New York, NY : Springer New York. - 1556-1534 .- 0342-4111. - 9780387491172 ; 132, s. 45-56
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ultrashort light pulses, as short as 100 as, can be produced from high harmonic generation (HHG) in an atomic gas medium. This major achievement of the last 6 years in high field physics has now been demonstrated in different conditions of medium-field interaction [1].
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| 15. |
- Carré, Helena, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Improved contact tracing for Chlamydia trachomatis with experienced tracers, tracing for one year back in time and interviewing by phone in remote areas
- 2008
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Ingår i: Sexually Transmitted Infections. - : BMJ publishing. - 1368-4973 .- 1472-3263. ; 84:3, s. 239-242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To evaluate the Swedish model for contact tracing and especiallythe "Västerbotten model" with centralised, extended contactinterview periods, sometimes by telephone.Methods: Using questionnaires, the contact tracing and interview procedurewas evaluated during 2002, followed by an evaluation of contactinterviewing by phone in 2005–6.Results: Patients with diagnosed Chlamydia trachomatis infection reportedon average 2.5 sexual contacts, 3.0 contacts when contact interviewingwas performed at the clinic, and 2.3 contacts when performedby phone. 65% of the sexual contacts with a known test resultwere infected.Conclusion: Centralised contact tracing, exploring the sexual history forat least 12 months back in time, shows good results. Combinedwith screening of certain risk groups it is probably one effectiveway of preventing C trachomatis infections. Preventing C trachomatisby primary prevention such as information and counselling is,however, still of great importance.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Lin, Chung-Ying, et al.
(författare)
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Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) across countries : Measurement invariance issues
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nursing Open. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2054-1058. ; 8:4, s. 1892-1908
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The threats of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have caused fears worldwide. The Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) was recently developed to assess the fear of COVID-19. Although many studies found that the FCV-19S is psychometrically sound, it is unclear whether the FCV-19S is invariant across countries. The present study aimed to examine the measurement invariance of the FCV-19S across eleven countries.Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Using data collected from prior research on Bangladesh (N = 8,550), United Kingdom (N = 344), Brazil (N = 1,843), Taiwan (N = 539), Italy (N = 249), New Zealand (N = 317), Iran (N = 717), Cuba (N = 772), Pakistan (N = 937), Japan (N = 1,079) and France (N = 316), comprising a total 15,663 participants, the present study used the multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Rasch differential item functioning (DIF) to examine the measurement invariance of the FCV-19S across country, gender and age (children aged below 18 years, young to middle-aged adults aged between 18 and 60 years, and older people aged above 60 years).Results: The unidimensional structure of the FCV-19S was confirmed. Multigroup CFA showed that FCV-19S was partially invariant across country and fully invariant across gender and age. DIF findings were consistent with the findings from multigroup CFA. Many DIF items were displayed for country, few DIF items were displayed for age, and no DIF items were displayed for gender.Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the FCV-19S is a good psychometric instrument to assess fear of COVID-19 during the pandemic period. Moreover, the use of FCV-19S is supported in at least ten countries with satisfactory psychometric properties.
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| 21. |
- Merdji, H., et al.
(författare)
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Coherence properties of high-order harmonics : Application to high-density laser-plasma diagnostic
- 2000
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Ingår i: Laser and Particle Beams. - 0263-0346. ; 18:3, s. 495-502
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present two interferometry schemes in the extreme ultraviolet, based on either the wave-front division of a unique harmonic beam (1st scheme) or two spatially separated, phase-locked harmonic sources (2nd scheme). In the first scheme using a Fresnel bimirror interferometer, we measure the degree of spatial coherence of the 13 th harmonic generated in xenon, as a function of different parameters. A high degree of coherence, larger than 0.5, is found for the best conditions in almost the full section of the beam. Then, we demonstrate that the second scheme can be used for interferometry measurements with an ultrahigh time resolution. The 11th harmonic is used to study the spatial variation of the electron density of a laser-produced plasma. Electronic densities higher than 2.10 20 cm -3 are measured.
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| 23. |
- Solberg, E E, et al.
(författare)
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Sudden cardiac arrest in sports - need for uniform registration : A Position Paper from the Sport Cardiology Section of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation.
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2047-4873 .- 2047-4881. ; 23:6, s. 657-667
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are large variations in the incidence, registration methods and reported causes of sudden cardiac arrest/sudden cardiac death (SCA/SCD) in competitive and recreational athletes. A crucial question is to which degree these variations are genuine or partly due to methodological incongruities. This paper discusses the uncertainties about available data and provides comprehensive suggestions for standard definitions and a guide for uniform registration parameters of SCA/SCD. The parameters include a definition of what constitutes an 'athlete', incidence calculations, enrolment of cases, the importance of gender, ethnicity and age of the athlete, as well as the type and level of sporting activity. A precise instruction for autopsy practice in the case of a SCD of athletes is given, including the role of molecular samples and evaluation of possible doping. Rational decisions about cardiac preparticipation screening and cardiac safety at sport facilities requires increased data quality concerning incidence, aetiology and management of SCA/SCD in sports. Uniform standard registration of SCA/SCD in athletes and leisure sportsmen would be a first step towards this goal.
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