| 1. |
- Sampson, Joshua N., et al.
(författare)
-
Analysis of Heritability and Shared Heritability Based on Genome-Wide Association Studies for 13 Cancer Types
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0027-8874 .- 1460-2105. ; 107:12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Studies of related individuals have consistently demonstrated notable familial aggregation of cancer. We aim to estimate the heritability and genetic correlation attributable to the additive effects of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for cancer at 13 anatomical sites. Methods: Between 2007 and 2014, the US National Cancer Institute has generated data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 49 492 cancer case patients and 34 131 control patients. We apply novel mixed model methodology (GCTA) to this GWAS data to estimate the heritability of individual cancers, as well as the proportion of heritability attributable to cigarette smoking in smoking-related cancers, and the genetic correlation between pairs of cancers. Results: GWAS heritability was statistically significant at nearly all sites, with the estimates of array-based heritability, h(l)(2), on the liability threshold (LT) scale ranging from 0.05 to 0.38. Estimating the combined heritability of multiple smoking characteristics, we calculate that at least 24% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 14% to 37%) and 7% (95% CI = 4% to 11%) of the heritability for lung and bladder cancer, respectively, can be attributed to genetic determinants of smoking. Most pairs of cancers studied did not show evidence of strong genetic correlation. We found only four pairs of cancers with marginally statistically significant correlations, specifically kidney and testes (rho = 0.73, SE = 0.28), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and pediatric osteosarcoma (rho = 0.53, SE = 0.21), DLBCL and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (rho = 0.51, SE = 0.18), and bladder and lung (rho = 0.35, SE = 0.14). Correlation analysis also indicates that the genetic architecture of lung cancer differs between a smoking population of European ancestry and a nonsmoking Asian population, allowing for the possibility that the genetic etiology for the same disease can vary by population and environmental exposures. Conclusion: Our results provide important insights into the genetic architecture of cancers and suggest new avenues for investigation.
|
|
| 2. |
- Wang, Zhaoming, et al.
(författare)
-
Imputation and subset-based association analysis across different cancer types identifies multiple independent risk loci in the TERT-CLPTM1L region on chromosome 5p15.33
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 23:24, s. 6616-6633
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have mapped risk alleles for at least 10 distinct cancers to a small region of 63 000 bp on chromosome 5p15.33. This region harbors the TERT and CLPTM1L genes; the former encodes the catalytic subunit of telomerase reverse transcriptase and the latter may play a role in apoptosis. To investigate further the genetic architecture of common susceptibility alleles in this region, we conducted an agnostic subset-based meta-analysis (association analysis based on subsets) across six distinct cancers in 34 248 cases and 45 036 controls. Based on sequential conditional analysis, we identified as many as six independent risk loci marked by common single-nucleotide polymorphisms: five in the TERT gene (Region 1: rs7726159, P = 2.10 × 10(-39); Region 3: rs2853677, P = 3.30 × 10(-36) and PConditional = 2.36 × 10(-8); Region 4: rs2736098, P = 3.87 × 10(-12) and PConditional = 5.19 × 10(-6), Region 5: rs13172201, P = 0.041 and PConditional = 2.04 × 10(-6); and Region 6: rs10069690, P = 7.49 × 10(-15) and PConditional = 5.35 × 10(-7)) and one in the neighboring CLPTM1L gene (Region 2: rs451360; P = 1.90 × 10(-18) and PConditional = 7.06 × 10(-16)). Between three and five cancers mapped to each independent locus with both risk-enhancing and protective effects. Allele-specific effects on DNA methylation were seen for a subset of risk loci, indicating that methylation and subsequent effects on gene expression may contribute to the biology of risk variants on 5p15.33. Our results provide strong support for extensive pleiotropy across this region of 5p15.33, to an extent not previously observed in other cancer susceptibility loci.
|
|
| 3. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
-
The Ninth Visual Object Tracking VOT2021 Challenge Results
- 2021
-
Ingår i: 2021 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW 2021). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781665401913 ; , s. 2711-2738
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2021 is the ninth annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 71 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in recent years. The VOT2021 challenge was composed of four sub-challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2021 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2021 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2021 focused on long-term tracking, namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance and (iv) VOT-RGBD2021 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2021 dataset was refreshed, while VOT-RGBD2021 introduces a training dataset and sequestered dataset for winner identification. The source code for most of the trackers, the datasets, the evaluation kit and the results along with the source code for most trackers are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
|
|
| 4. |
- Zhang, Ruyang, et al.
(författare)
-
A Large-Scale Genome-Wide Gene-Gene Interaction Study of Lung Cancer Susceptibility in Europeans With a Trans-Ethnic Validation in Asians
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Thoracic Oncology. - : Elsevier. - 1556-0864 .- 1556-1380. ; 17:8, s. 974-990
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Although genome-wide association studies have been conducted to investigate genetic variation of lung tumorigenesis, little is known about gene-gene (G × G) interactions that may influence the risk of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods: Leveraging a total of 445,221 European-descent participants from the International Lung Cancer Consortium OncoArray project, Transdisciplinary Research in Cancer of the Lung and UK Biobank, we performed a large-scale genome-wide G × G interaction study on European NSCLC risk by a series of analyses. First, we used BiForce to evaluate and rank more than 58 billion G × G interactions from 340,958 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Then, the top interactions were further tested by demographically adjusted logistic regression models. Finally, we used the selected interactions to build lung cancer screening models of NSCLC, separately, for never and ever smokers.Results: With the Bonferroni correction, we identified eight statistically significant pairs of SNPs, which predominantly appeared in the 6p21.32 and 5p15.33 regions (e.g., rs521828C6orf10 and rs204999PRRT1, ORinteraction = 1.17, p = 6.57 × 10−13; rs3135369BTNL2 and rs2858859HLA-DQA1, ORinteraction = 1.17, p = 2.43 × 10−13; rs2858859HLA-DQA1 and rs9275572HLA-DQA2, ORinteraction = 1.15, p = 2.84 × 10−13; rs2853668TERT and rs62329694CLPTM1L, ORinteraction = 0.73, p = 2.70 × 10−13). Notably, even with much genetic heterogeneity across ethnicities, three pairs of SNPs in the 6p21.32 region identified from the European-ancestry population remained significant among an Asian population from the Nanjing Medical University Global Screening Array project (rs521828C6orf10 and rs204999PRRT1, ORinteraction = 1.13, p = 0.008; rs3135369BTNL2 and rs2858859HLA-DQA1, ORinteraction = 1.11, p = 5.23 × 10−4; rs3135369BTNL2 and rs9271300HLA-DQA1, ORinteraction = 0.89, p = 0.006). The interaction-empowered polygenetic risk score that integrated classical polygenetic risk score and G × G information score was remarkable in lung cancer risk stratification.Conclusions: Important G × G interactions were identified and enriched in the 5p15.33 and 6p21.32 regions, which may enhance lung cancer screening models.
|
|
| 5. |
- Cai, Yumeng, et al.
(författare)
-
Characterization of Gate-Oxide Degradation Location for SiC MOSFETs Based on the Split C-V Method Under Bias Temperature Instability Conditions
- 2023
-
Ingår i: IEEE transactions on power electronics. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0885-8993 .- 1941-0107. ; 38:5, s. 6081-6093
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gate-oxide degradation has been one of the major reliability challenges of SiC mosfets. Comprehensive and accurate localization of gate-oxide degradation under bias temperature instability (BTI) conditions is important to improve the device reliability. The split C-V [gate-source capacitance C-GS (v(G)) and gate-drain capacitance C-GD (v(G))] method is proposed in this article to locate gate-oxide degradation. Moreover, a BTI automated characterization system integrated I-V and split C-V test is presented. The effect of gate-oxide degradation on threshold voltage and split C-V under dc and ac BTI conditions is investigated and the degradation location is analyzed. Furthermore, the degradation simulation is conducted with technology computer aided design (TCAD) to reveal the mechanism. The results show that the different parts of split C-V can characterize degradation location, the type, and energy level of traps. The acceptor traps near valence band and donor traps near conduction band cause gate-oxide degradation above the channel and junction field effect transistor (JFET) region in positive bias temperature instability (PBTI) and Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI), respectively. In ac BTI, the gate-oxide degradation at the channel region is independent of v(G) polarity, while the opposite is true above JFET region. These findings help to improve the long-term operation reliability of gate oxide from the perspective of chip design and application.
|
|
| 6. |
- Chen, Zhibin, et al.
(författare)
-
Summary of the 3rd International Workshop on Gas-Dynamic Trap based Fusion Neutron Source (GDT-FNS)
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 0029-5515 .- 1741-4326. ; 62:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 3rd International Workshop on Gas-Dynamic Trap-based Fusion Neutron Source (GDT-FNS) was held through the hybrid mode on 13-14 September 2021 in Hefei, China, jointly organized by the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science (HFIPS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), and the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (BINP), Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS). It followed the 1st GDT-FNS Workshop held in November 2018 in Hefei, China, and the 2nd taking place in November 2019 in Novosibirsk, Russian Federation. With the financial support from CAS and China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), this workshop was attended by more than 80 participants representing 20 institutes and universities from seven countries, with oral presentations broadcast via the Zoom conferencing system. Twenty-two presentations were made with topics covering design and key technologies, simulation and experiments, steady-state operation, status of the ALIANCE project, multi applications of neutron sources, and other concepts (Tokamaks, Mirrors, FRC, Plasma Focus, etc). The workshop consensus was made including the establishment of the ALIANCE International Working Group. The next GDT-FNS workshop is planned to be held in May 2022 in Novosibirsk.
|
|
| 7. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
-
The Visual Object Tracking VOT2015 challenge results
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Proceedings 2015 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops ICCVW 2015. - : IEEE. - 9780769557205 ; , s. 564-586
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge 2015, VOT2015, aims at comparing short-term single-object visual trackers that do not apply pre-learned models of object appearance. Results of 62 trackers are presented. The number of tested trackers makes VOT 2015 the largest benchmark on short-term tracking to date. For each participating tracker, a short description is provided in the appendix. Features of the VOT2015 challenge that go beyond its VOT2014 predecessor are: (i) a new VOT2015 dataset twice as large as in VOT2014 with full annotation of targets by rotated bounding boxes and per-frame attribute, (ii) extensions of the VOT2014 evaluation methodology by introduction of a new performance measure. The dataset, the evaluation kit as well as the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
|
|
| 8. |
- Zhao, Zhiwei, et al.
(författare)
-
A subsequent-machining-deformation prediction method based on the latent field estimation using deformation force
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of manufacturing systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0278-6125 .- 1878-6642. ; 63, s. 224-237
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Machining deformation control for large structural parts is an intractable problem, which is highly important for the dimensional accuracy and fatigue life of parts, and deformation prediction is the basis for deformation control. Existing prediction methods rely on the measurement of residual stress, which is limited by the measurement accuracy of residual stress distributed within thick blanks, and it is still a worldwide challenge. To address the above issue, this paper proposes a machining deformation prediction method based on estimation of latent filed for residual stress field using deformation force. The residual stress field is represented by latent field, which is estimated by deformation force monitoring data during the machining process based on the proposed physical-field estimation neural network. The estimated latent field is used to predict the subsequent deformation force and deformation via an inference network by combining the machining process information. The proposed method is verified by both simulation and actual environment, and it can provide a helpful reference for other machining related difficult-to-measure field.
|
|
| 9. |
- Zhu, Ying, et al.
(författare)
-
Elevated Platelet Count Appears to Be Causally Associated with Increased Risk of Lung Cancer : A Mendelian Randomization Analysis
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - : American Association for Cancer Research (AACR). - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 28:5, s. 935-942
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Platelets are a critical element in coagulation and inflammation, and activated platelets are linked to cancer risk through diverse mechanisms. However, a causal relationship between platelets and risk of lung cancer remains unclear. Methods: We performed single and combined multiple instrumental variable Mendelian randomization analysis by an inverse-weighted method, in addition to a series of sensitivity analyses. Summary data for associations between SNPs and platelet count are from a recent publication that included 48,666 Caucasian Europeans, and the International Lung Cancer Consortium and Transdisciplinary Research in Cancer of the Lung data consisting of 29,266 cases and 56,450 controls to analyze associations between candidate SNPs and lung cancer risk. Results: Multiple instrumental variable analysis incorporating six SNPs showed a 62% increased risk of overall nonsmall cell lung cancer [NSCLC; OR, 1.62; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.15-2.27; P = 0.005] and a 200% increased risk for small-cell lung cancer (OR, 3.00; 95% CI, 1.27-7.06; P = 0.01). Results showed only a trending association with NSCLC histologic subtypes, which may be due to insufficient sample size and/or weak effect size. A series of sensitivity analysis retained these findings. Conclusions: Our findings suggest a causal relationship between elevated platelet count and increased risk of lung cancer and provide evidence of possible antiplatelet interventions for lung cancer prevention. Impact: These findings provide a better understanding of lung cancer etiology and potential evidence for antiplatelet interventions for lung cancer prevention.
|
|
| 10. |
- Cai, Zhichang, et al.
(författare)
-
Satisfactions on Self-Perceived Health of Urban Residents in Chengdu, China : Gender, Age and the Built Environment
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 14:20
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Self-perceived health is an important factor for assessing urban residents' satisfaction and quality of life. However, few have comprehensively investigated the impact of demographics, lifestyle and health awareness, indoor environment characteristics, and neighborhood features on self-perceived health. To fill this gap, we designed a framework using multivariable regressions to derive odd rations and to analyze the determinants of self-rated health, stratified into different sub-groups divided by gender, age, and neighborhood types. The study area is Chengdu, one of the most populous cities in western China. The results show that: (1) female respondents reported worse health, with household income level and marital status significantly affecting self-rated health; (2) elderly people reported the worst health, while unique factors affected only younger people (18-29 years old), such as gender, smoking, and indoor environment characteristics; and (3) different types of neighborhoods influence their residents' perception of health differently due to historical establishment, current population composition, and housing conditions. Our study provides new observations on neighborhood types, while agreeing with previous studies on the influences of gender and age. We contribute to the field by providing a more complex understanding of the mechanism by which people rate their own health, which is important for understanding the satisfaction of urban residents and the built environment in which they live.
|
|
| 11. |
- Chen, Libo, et al.
(författare)
-
Spike timing–based coding in neuromimetic tactile system enables dynamic object classification
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Science. - 0036-8075. ; 384, s. 660-665
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rapid processing of tactile information is essential to human haptic exploration and dexterous object manipulation. Conventional electronic skins generate frames of tactile signals upon interaction with objects. Unfortunately, they are generally ill-suited for efficient coding of temporal information and rapid feature extraction. In this work, we report a neuromorphic tactile system that uses spike timing, especially the first-spike timing, to code dynamic tactile information about touch and grasp. This strategy enables the system to seamlessly code highly dynamic information with millisecond temporal resolution on par with the biological nervous system, yielding dynamic extraction of tactile features. Upon interaction with objects, the system rapidly classifies them in the initial phase of touch and grasp, thus paving the way to fast tactile feedback desired for neuro-robotics and neuro-prosthetics.
|
|
| 12. |
- Chen, Ning, et al.
(författare)
-
Sex-Specific Associations of Circulating Uric Acid with Risk of Diabetes Incidence : A Population-Based Cohort Study from Sweden
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy. - 1178-7007. ; 13, s. 4323-4331
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To explore the longitudinal, as well as sex-specific, associations between circulating uric acid (UA) and diabetes incidence.Methods: A cohort study of the Malmö Diet Cancer-cardiovascular Cohort (Malmö, Sweden) consisting of 3140 individuals without diabetes at baseline, was followed up until the end of 2018. Incident diabetes cases were identified by linking to local and national diabetes registers. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to assess plasma UA levels in relation to diabetes incidence with adjustment for established confounders.Results: At baseline, with increasing levels of UA, subjects were more likely to be older and have significantly higher body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, fasting glucose and 2-h plasma glucose postoral glucose tolerance test, and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein. During a mean follow-up period of 8.09±2.24 years, 315 (10.0%) participants developed diabetes, and diabetes incidence rates were 7.89, 9.48 and 18.11 per 1000 person-years for subjects in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd tertiles of UA, respectively (log-rank test: p<0.001). With adjustment for potential confounders, elevated UA levels were significantly associated with increased risks of diabetes incidence, with the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval) for per standard deviation increment of UA of 1.22 (1.08-1.39, p=0.002). Compared with the 1st tertile of UA, the 3rd tertile showed significantly increased risk of diabetes incidence with the adjusted HR of 1.74 (1.24-2.45, p=0.002), and there was a significant trend between increasing tertiles of UA and diabetes incidence (trend test: p<0.001). Stratified analyses showed that elevated circulating UA levels were independently associated with increased risks of diabetes incidence in men but not in women, although the interaction between sex and UA was not statistically significant.Conclusion: Elevated circulating UA was independently associated with increased risk of diabetes incidence, especially for men.
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
- Dai, Juncheng, et al.
(författare)
-
Genome-wide association study of INDELs identified four novel susceptibility loci associated with lung cancer risk
- 2020
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 146:10, s. 2855-2864
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 45 susceptibility loci associated with lung ncer. Only less than SNPs, small insertions and deletions (INDELs) are the second most abundant netic polymorphisms in the human genome. INDELs are highly associated with multiple human seases, including lung cancer. However, limited studies with large-scale samples have been available to stematically evaluate the effects of INDELs on lung cancer risk. Here, we performed a large-scale meta- alysis to evaluate INDELs and their risk for lung cancer in 23,202 cases and 19,048 controls. Functional notations were performed to further explore the potential function of lung cancer risk INDELs. nditional analysis was used to clarify the relationship between INDELs and SNPs. Four new risk loci re identified in genome-wide INDEL analysis (1p13.2: rs5777156, Insertion, OR = 0.92, p = 9.10 x 10(- ; 4q28.2: rs58404727, Deletion, OR = 1.19, p = 5.25 x 10(-7); 12p13.31: rs71450133, Deletion, OR = 09, p = 8.83 x 10(-7); and 14q22.3: rs34057993, Deletion, OR = 0.90, p = 7.64 x 10(-8)). The eQTL alysis and functional annotation suggested that INDELs might affect lung cancer susceptibility by gulating the expression of target genes. After conducting conditional analysis on potential causal SNPs, e INDELs in the new loci were still nominally significant. Our findings indicate that INDELs could be tentially functional genetic variants for lung cancer risk. Further functional experiments are needed to tter understand INDEL mechanisms in carcinogenesis.
|
|
| 15. |
- Dai, Juncheng, et al.
(författare)
-
Systematic analyses of regulatory variants in DNase I hypersensitive sites identified two novel lung cancer susceptibility loci
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Carcinogenesis. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0143-3334 .- 1460-2180. ; 40:3, s. 432-440
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- DNase I hypersensitive sites (DHS) are abundant in regulatory elements, such as promoter, enhancer and transcription factor binding sites. Many studies have revealed that disease-associated variants were concentrated in DHS-related regions. However, limited studies are available on the roles of DHS-related variants in lung cancer. In this study, we performed a large-scale case-control study with 20 871 lung cancer cases and 15 971 controls to evaluate the associations between regulatory genetic variants in DHS and lung cancer susceptibility. The expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis and pathway-enrichment analysis were performed to identify the possible target genes and pathways. In addition, we performed motif-based analysis to explore the lung-cancer-related motifs using sequence kernel association test. Two novel variants, rs186332 in 20q13.3 (C>T, odds ratio [OR] = 1.17, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.10-1.24, P = 8.45 × 10-7) and rs4839323 in 1p13.2 (T>C, OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.89-0.95, P = 1.02 × 10-6) showed significant association with lung cancer risk. The eQTL analysis suggested that these two SNPs might regulate the expression of MRGBP and SLC16A1, respectively. What's more, the expression of both MRGBP and SLC16A1 was aberrantly elevated in lung tumor tissues. The motif-based analysis identified 10 motifs related to the risk of lung cancer (P < 1.71 × 10-4). Our findings suggested that variants in DHS might modify lung cancer susceptibility through regulating the expression of surrounding genes. This study provided us a deeper insight into the roles of DHS-related genetic variants for lung cancer.
|
|
| 16. |
- Felsberg, Michael, et al.
(författare)
-
The Thermal Infrared Visual Object Tracking VOT-TIR2015 Challenge Results
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781467383905 ; , s. 639-651
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Thermal Infrared Visual Object Tracking challenge 2015, VOTTIR2015, aims at comparing short-term single-object visual trackers that work on thermal infrared (TIR) sequences and do not apply prelearned models of object appearance. VOT-TIR2015 is the first benchmark on short-term tracking in TIR sequences. Results of 24 trackers are presented. For each participating tracker, a short description is provided in the appendix. The VOT-TIR2015 challenge is based on the VOT2013 challenge, but introduces the following novelties: (i) the newly collected LTIR (Linköping TIR) dataset is used, (ii) the VOT2013 attributes are adapted to TIR data, (iii) the evaluation is performed using insights gained during VOT2013 and VOT2014 and is similar to VOT2015.
|
|
| 17. |
- Ji, Xuemei, et al.
(författare)
-
Identification of susceptibility pathways for the role of chromosome 15q25.1 in modifying lung cancer risk
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2041-1723. ; 9, s. 1-15
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified the chromosome 15q25.1 locus as a leading susceptibility region for lung cancer. However, the pathogenic pathways, through which susceptibility SNPs within chromosome 15q25.1 affects lung cancer risk, have not been explored. We analyzed three cohorts with GWAS data consisting 42,901 individuals and lung expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data on 409 individuals to identify and validate the underlying pathways and to investigate the combined effect of genes from the identified susceptibility pathways. The KEGG neuroactive ligand receptor interaction pathway, two Reactome pathways, and 22 Gene Ontology terms were identified and replicated to be significantly associated with lung cancer risk, with P values less than 0.05 and FDR less than 0.1. Functional annotation of eQTL analysis results showed that the neuroactive ligand receptor interaction pathway and gated channel activity were involved in lung cancer risk. These pathways provide important insights for the etiology of lung cancer.
|
|
| 18. |
- McKay, James D., et al.
(författare)
-
Large-scale association analysis identifies new lung cancer susceptibility loci and heterogeneity in genetic susceptibility across histological subtypes
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 49:7, s. 1126-1132
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although several lung cancer susceptibility loci have been identified, much of the heritability for lung cancer remains unexplained. Here 14,803 cases and 12,262 controls of European descent were genotyped on the OncoArray and combined with existing data for an aggregated genomewide association study (GWAS) analysis of lung cancer in 29,266 cases and 56,450 controls. We identified 18 susceptibility loci achieving genome-wide significance, including 10 new loci. The new loci highlight the striking heterogeneity in genetic susceptibility across the histological subtypes of lung cancer, with four loci associated with lung cancer overall and six loci associated with lung adenocarcinoma. Gene expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis in 1,425 normal lung tissue samples highlights RNASET2, SECISBP2L and NRG1 as candidate genes. Other loci include genes such as a cholinergic nicotinic receptor, CHRNA2, and the telomere-related genes OFBC1 and RTEL1. Further exploration of the target genes will continue to provide new insights into the etiology of lung cancer.
|
|
| 19. |
- Qin, Na, et al.
(författare)
-
Comprehensive functional annotation of susceptibility variants identifies genetic heterogeneity between lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Frontiers of Medicine. - : Springer-Verlag New York. - 2095-0217 .- 2095-0225. ; 15:2, s. 275-291
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although genome-wide association studies have identified more than eighty genetic variants associated with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) risk, biological mechanisms of these variants remain largely unknown. By integrating a large-scale genotype data of 15 581 lung adenocarcinoma (AD) cases, 8350 squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) cases, and 27 355 controls, as well as multiple transcriptome and epigenomic databases, we conducted histology-specific meta-analyses and functional annotations of both reported and novel susceptibility variants. We identified 3064 credible risk variants for NSCLC, which were overrepresented in enhancer-like and promoter-like histone modification peaks as well as DNase I hypersensitive sites. Transcription factor enrichment analysis revealed that USF1 was AD-specific while CREB1 was SqCC-specific. Functional annotation and gene-based analysis implicated 894 target genes, including 274 specifics for AD and 123 for SqCC, which were overrepresented in somatic driver genes (ER = 1.95,P= 0.005). Pathway enrichment analysis and Gene-Set Enrichment Analysis revealed that AD genes were primarily involved in immune-related pathways, while SqCC genes were homologous recombination deficiency related. Our results illustrate the molecular basis of both well-studied and new susceptibility loci of NSCLC, providing not only novel insights into the genetic heterogeneity between AD and SqCC but also a set of plausible gene targets for post-GWAS functional experiments.
|
|
| 20. |
- Shao, Mingjiao, et al.
(författare)
-
High-Performance Biodegradable Energy Storage Devices Enabled by Heterostructured MoO3-MoS2 Composites
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Small. - : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 1613-6810 .- 1613-6829. ; 19:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biodegradable implantable devices are of growing interest in biosensors and bioelectronics. One of the key unresolved challenges is the availability of power supply. To enable biodegradable energy-storage devices, herein, 2D heterostructured MoO3–MoS2 nanosheet arrays are synthesized on water-soluble Mo foil, showing a high areal capacitance of 164.38 mF cm−2 (at 0.5 mA cm−2). Employing the MoO3–MoS2 composite as electrodes of a symmetric supercapacitor, an asymmetric Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitor, and an Mg primary battery are demonstrated. Benefiting from the advantages of MoO3–MoS2 heterostructure, the Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors deliver a high areal capacitance (181.86 mF cm−2 at 0.5 mA cm−2) and energy density (30.56 µWh cm−2), and the Mg primary batteries provide a stable high output voltage (≈1.6 V) and a long working life in air/liquid environment. All of the used materials exhibit desirable biocompatibility, and these fabricated devices are also fully biodegradable. Demonstration experiments display their potential applications as biodegradable power sources for various electronic devices.
|
|
| 21. |
- Tian, Ruifeng, et al.
(författare)
-
Pressure-promoted highly-ordered Fe-doped-Ni2B for effective oxygen evolution reaction and overall water splitting
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 9:10, s. 6469-6475
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accurate doping at special atomic sites can achieve effective control of active centers for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), leading to the synthesis of active intermediates with higher conversion efficiency. Here we report the successful doping of Ni2B with Fe/Co to form highly ordered FeNiB and CoNiB electrocatalysts with a tetragonal Ni2B structure. A highly crystalline FeNiB electrode is found to have a very low polarization overpotential of 257 mV for the OER and a water splitting potential of 1.54 V at a current density of 10 mA cm(-2). XRD refinement, XPS and XAFS characterization found that doping with iron leads to the weakening of the bond strength of TM-B, which facilitates the adsorption of oxygen. During the OER process, the increasing dissolution of boron oxides promotes the effective exposure of metal active centers and boosts the catalytic performance. Theoretical calculations reveal that the substitution of Fe atoms in Ni2B make its DOS near the Fermi level higher by 2.78 times compared to that of the original Ni2B, which helps to increase the electronic conductivity and the catalytic performance.
|
|
| 22. |
- Wang, Yuzhuo, et al.
(författare)
-
Association Analysis of Driver Gene-Related Genetic Variants Identified Novel Lung Cancer Susceptibility Loci with 20,871 Lung Cancer Cases and 15,971 Controls
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - : American Association for Cancer Research. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 29:7, s. 1423-1429
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A substantial proportion of cancer driver genes (CDG) are also cancer predisposition genes. However, the associations between genetic variants in lung CDGs and the susceptibility to lung cancer have rarely been investigated.Methods: We selected expression-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (eSNP) and nonsynonymous variants of lung CDGs, and tested their associations with lung cancer risk in two large-scale genome-wide association studies (20,871 cases and 15,971 controls of European descent). Conditional and joint association analysis was performed to identify independent risk variants. The associations of independent risk variants with somatic alterations in lung CDGs or recurrently altered pathways were investigated using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project.Results: We identified seven independent SNPs in five lung CDGs that were consistently associated with lung cancer risk in discovery (P < 0.001) and validation (P < 0.05) stages. Among these loci, rs78062588 in TPM3 (1q21.3) was a new lung cancer susceptibility locus (OR = 0.86, P = 1.65 x 10(-6)). Subgroup analysis by histologic types further identified nine lung CDGs. Analysis of somatic alterations found that in lung adenocarcinomas, rs78062588[C] allele (TPM3 in 1q21.3) was associated with elevated somatic copy number of TPM3 (OR = 1.16, P = 0.02). In lung adenocarcinomas, rs1611182 (HLA-A in 6p22.1) was associated with truncation mutations of the transcriptional misregulation in cancer pathway (OR = 0.66, P = 1.76 x 10(-3)).Conclusions: Genetic variants can regulate functions of lung CDGs and influence lung cancer susceptibility. Impact: Our findings might help unravel biological mechanisms underlying lung cancer susceptibility.
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
- Xie, Zhibin, et al.
(författare)
-
Highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells using phenothiazine derivative organic dyes
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Progress in Photovoltaics. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1062-7995 .- 1099-159X. ; 18:8, s. 573-581
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two novel organic dyes have been synthesized using electron rich phenothiazine as electron donors and oligothiophene vinylene as conjugation spacers. The two dyes (2E)-2-cyano-3-(5-(5-((E)-2-(10-(2-ethylhexyl)-10H-phenothiazin-7-yl)vinyl)thiophen-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)acrylic acid (PTZ-1) and (2E)-3-(5-(5-(4,5-bis((E)-2-(10-(2-ethylhexyl)-10H-phenothiazin-3-yl)vinyl)thiophen-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid (PTZ-2) were fully characterized and employed in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) to explore the effect of disubstituted donors on photovoltaic (PV) performance. The solar cells sensitized by the PTZ1 dye have a high IPCE plateau of 80% and achieve a short-circuit photocurrent density of 12.98 mA/cm2, an open-circuit voltage of 0.713 V, and a fill factor (ff) of 66.6%, corresponding to a conversion efficiency of 6.17% under AM 1.5 100 mW/cm2 illumination. The different performance of the solar cells based on the two dyes can be understood from the studies of the electron kinetics by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). These investigations reveal that disubstituted donors in the organic sensitizers of three or more conjugation units deteriorate the PV performance due to enhanced recombination.
|
|
| 25. |
- Zhang, Shuai, et al.
(författare)
-
Large-Scale and Low-Cost Motivation of Nitrogen-Doped Commercial Activated Carbon for High-Energy-Density Supercapacitor
- 2019
-
Ingår i: ACS Applied Energy Materials. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2574-0962. ; 2:6, s. 4234-4243
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The growing requirement for high-performance energy-storage devices has spurred the development of supercapacitors, but the low energy density remains a technical hurdle. In this work, porous nitrogen-doped activated carbon (NAC) is prepared on a large scale from commercial activated carbon (AC) and inexpensive chemicals by a one-step method. The NAC material with 3.1 wt % nitrogen has a high specific surface area of 1186 m(2) g(-1) and shows a specific capacitance of 427 F g(-1) in a symmetric cell with an aqueous electrolyte. 98.2% of the capacity is reserved after 20 000 cycles at 20 A g(-1). The energy densities of the NAC are 17.2 and 87.8 Wh kg(-1) in acidic and organic electrolytes, respectively. Moreover, this simple process is readily scalable to address commercial demand and can be extended to the motivation of a variety of carbon based materials with poor capacitances.
|
|
| 26. |
- Zhang, Zhibin, et al.
(författare)
-
Different routes to the formation of C54TiSi(2) in the presence of surface and interface molybdenum : A transmission electron microscopy study
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Journal of Materials Research. - 0884-2914 .- 2044-5326. ; 17:4, s. 784-789
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Direct evidence revealing fundamental differences in sequence of phase formation during the growth of TiSi2 in the presence of an ultrathin surface or interface Mo layer is presented. Results of cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy showed that when the Mo layer was present at the interface between Ti films and Si substrates, C40 (Mo,Ti)Si-2 formed at the interface, and Ti5Si3 grew on top after annealing at 550 degreesC. Additionally, both C54 and C40 TiSi2 were found in the close vicinity of the C40 (Mo,Ti)Si-2 grains. No C49 grains were detected. Raising the annealing temperature to 600 degreesC led to the formation of C54 TiSi2 at the expense of Ti5Si3, and the interfacial C40 (Mo,Ti)Si-2 also began to transform into C54 (Mo,Ti)Si-2 at 600 degreesC. When the Mo was deposited on top of Ti, the silicide film was almost solely composed of C49 TiSi2 at 600 degreesC. However, a small amount of (Mo,Ti)(5)Si-3 was still present in the vicinity of the sample surface. Upon annealing at 650 degreesC, only the C54 phase was found throughout the entire TiSi2 layer with a surface (Mo,Ti)Si, on top of TiSi2 Hence, it was unambiguously shown that in the presence of surface versus interface Mo, different routes were taken to the formation of C54 TiSi2.
|
|
| 27. |
- Zhang, Zhibin, et al.
(författare)
-
Formation of C54TiSi(2) on Si(100) using Ti/Mo and Mo/Ti bilayers
- 2002
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Modern Physics B. - 0217-9792. ; 16:1-2, s. 205-212
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of Mo on the formation of C54 TiSi2 on Si (100) substrates is studied using crosssectional transmission electron microscopy. For a Ti/Mo bilayer on Si, the interfacial Mo film reacts with Ti and Si to form C40 (Mo,Ti)Si-2 at 550 degreesC. Crystal grains of metastable C40 TiSi2 and equilibrium C54 TiSi2 are found in the region near the interfacial (Mo,Ti)Si-2 layer due to the template phenomenon. Increasing the temperature to 600 degreesC leads to the growth of C54 TiSi2 throughout the film. No C49 grains can be detected. The findings confirm that the usual sequence for the formation of C54 TiSi2, i.e. the C49 TiSi2 forms first followed by a phase transition to the C54 TiSi2, is altered by the interposed Mo layer. For a Mo/Ti bilayer on Si, the surface Mo layer is found to be present sequentially in (Mo,Ti)(5)Si-3 at 550 degreesC, C49 (Mo,Ti)Si-2 at 600 degreesC and C54 (Mo,Ti)Si-2 at 650 degreesC. The bulk Ti beneath forms the C54 TiSi2 following the usual route through the C49-C54 phase transition. However, this transition is now enhanced, in comparison with the C54 TiSi2 formation with pure Ti, by the C54 (Mo,Ti)Si-2 atop that plays the role as a template precisely as the interfacial C40 (Mo,Ti)Si-2.
|
|
| 28. |
- Zhao, Xiaoyu, et al.
(författare)
-
Identification of genetically predicted DNA methylation markers associated with non–small cell lung cancer risk among 34,964 cases and 448,579 controls
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Cancer. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0008-543X .- 1097-0142. ; 130:6, s. 913-926
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Although the associations between genetic variations and lung cancer risk have been explored, the epigenetic consequences of DNA methylation in lung cancer development are largely unknown. Here, the genetically predicted DNA methylation markers associated with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) risk by a two-stage case-control design were investigated.Methods: The genetic prediction models for methylation levels based on genetic and methylation data of 1595 subjects from the Framingham Heart Study were established. The prediction models were applied to a fixed-effect meta-analysis of screening data sets with 27,120 NSCLC cases and 27,355 controls to identify the methylation markers, which were then replicated in independent data sets with 7844 lung cancer cases and 421,224 controls. Also performed was a multi-omics functional annotation for the identified CpGs by integrating genomics, epigenomics, and transcriptomics and investigation of the potential regulation pathways.Results: Of the 29,894 CpG sites passing the quality control, 39 CpGs associated with NSCLC risk (Bonferroni-corrected p ≤ 1.67 × 10−6) were originally identified. Of these, 16 CpGs remained significant in the validation stage (Bonferroni-corrected p ≤ 1.28 × 10−3), including four novel CpGs. Multi-omics functional annotation showed nine of 16 CpGs were potentially functional biomarkers for NSCLC risk. Thirty-five genes within a 1-Mb window of 12 CpGs that might be involved in regulatory pathways of NSCLC risk were identified.Conclusions: Sixteen promising DNA methylation markers associated with NSCLC were identified. Changes of the methylation level at these CpGs might influence the development of NSCLC by regulating the expression of genes nearby.Plain Language Summary: The epigenetic consequences of DNA methylation in lung cancer development are still largely unknown. This study used summary data of large-scale genome-wide association studies to investigate the associations between genetically predicted levels of methylation biomarkers and non–small cell lung cancer risk at the first time. This study looked at how well larotrectinib worked in adult patients with sarcomas caused by TRK fusion proteins. These findings will provide a unique insight into the epigenetic susceptibility mechanisms of lung cancer.
|
|
