| 1. |
- Jiang, Heng, et al.
(författare)
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Temporal Associations of Alcohol and Tobacco Consumption With Cancer Mortality
- 2018
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Ingår i: JAMA Network Open. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2574-3805. ; 1:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IMPORTANCE Understanding whether the population-level consumption of alcohol and tobacco is associated with cancer mortality is a crucial question for public health policy that has not been answered by previous studies. OBJECTIVE To examine temporal associations of alcohol and tobacco consumption with overall cancer mortality in the Australian population, looking across different sex and age groups. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This population-based cohort study conducted a time series analysis (autoregressive integrated moving average models) using aggregate-level annual time series data from multiple sources. Data on alcohol consumption and tobacco consumption per capita between 1935 and 2014 among the Australian population aged 15 years and older were collected from the Australian Bureau of Statistics and Cancer Council Victoria. Analysis was conducted from June 1, 2017, to October 30, 2017. EXPOSURES Sex- and age-specific cancer mortality rates from 1968 to 2014 were collected from the Australian Institute Health and Welfare. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Population-level cancer mortality in different sex and age groups in Australia, controlling for the effects of health expenditure. RESULTS Among the Australian total population aged 15 years and older in this study, 50.5% were women. Cancer death rates per 100 000 persons increased from 199 in 1968 to 214 in 1989 and then decreased steadily to 162 in 2014. Taking into account lagged effects, 1-L decreases in alcohol consumption per capita were associated with a decline of 3.9% in overall cancer mortality over a 20-year period, and 1-kg decreases in tobacco consumption per capita were associated with a 16% reduction. Alcohol consumption per capita was significantly associated with overall cancer mortality among men aged 50 to 69 years and women aged 50 years and older. Tobacco consumption per capita was found to be significantly associated with overall cancer mortality only among men aged 50 years and older. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this study, alcohol consumption per capita was positively associated with overall cancer mortality among older men and women, and tobacco consumption per capita was positively associated with overall cancer mortality among older men over a 20-year period. This study provides evidence that a decrease in population-level drinking and tobacco smoking could lead to a reduction in cancer mortality.
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| 2. |
- Kopilaš, Vanja
(creator_code:cre_t)
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The collection of narratives on strategies, ethics and public response of COVID-19 national vaccination process written by members of scholarly association Navigating Knowledge Landscapes Network
- 2022
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The data collected in this dataset are narratives exploring public policies, attitudes, individual behaviors, and the collective experiences of the involved communities regarding vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic. The narratives were written by the members of the interdisciplinary research network Navigating Knowledge Landscapes (NKL; http://knowledge-landscapes.hiim.hr/). The members of the network are scholars belonging to different research disciplines and the aim of the network is to explore and discuss the individual aspects of citizens’ navigation of (new) knowledge in the digital society. An invitation to participate in this study was sent to members of the network on May 5, 2021. First responses were received on May 13, 2021, while the last response (including updated versions) was received on July 21, 2021. In total, 25 contributions were received from 27 scholars representing 17 countries (some scholars co-authored their contributions). Each of them described strategies, ethics, and public response of COVID-19 national vaccination process in their country.
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| 3. |
- Waleewong, Orratai, et al.
(författare)
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Harm from others' drinking-related aggression, violence and misconduct in five Asian countries and the implications
- 2018
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Ingår i: International journal of drug policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0955-3959 .- 1873-4758. ; 56, s. 101-107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Harm from alcohol-attributable aggression and violence is linked to diminished personal safety and reduced physical and mental health and wellbeing in many countries. But there has been limited evidence on these harms in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study measured harm from others' drinking-related aggression, violence and misconduct in five Asian LMICs (Thailand, Sri Lanka, India, Vietnam, and Lao PDR), aiming to compare the magnitude and pattern of harm across countries by gender, age group, educational level, rurality, and country-level indicators.METHODS: Data from 9832 respondents from the WHO/Thai Health International Collaborative Research Project on the Harm from Others' Drinking undertaken between 2012 and 2014 were analysed.FINDINGS: 50-73% of respondents from five countries reported being harmed at least once in the past year. Public disorder and feeling unsafe due to someone else's drinking was frequently reported, followed by harassment, assaults and threats, traffic harm, and property damage. In most countries, men were more likely than women to report traffic harms, property harm, and assaults, whereas women were more likely to report feeling unsafe in public. Being young, less educated, living in urban areas, and one's own drinking were significant predictors of more harm from others' drinking for both genders.CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed a consistently high prevalence of alcohol-related aggression and violence in the five Asian countries. Patterns of harm within countries and populations at most risk for different forms of harms were identified. Alongside services for those affected, efforts to strengthen alcohol policies are needed in each society.
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| 4. |
- Waleewong, Orratai, et al.
(författare)
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Seeking Help for Harm from Others' Drinking in Five Asian Countries : Variation Between Societies, by Type of Harm and by Source of Help
- 2018
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Ingår i: Alcohol and Alcoholism. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0735-0414 .- 1464-3502. ; 53:6, s. 667-673
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: This study aims to measure the prevalence rates and patterns of help-seeking behavior as a consequence of being harmed by drinkers in five Asian countries (India, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Lao PDR and Thailand). Methods: A total of 9832 respondents aged 18-65 years from the WHO/ThaiHealth Collaborative Project were surveyed between 2012 and 2014 about their experiences of being negatively affected due to another's drinking, and whether and where they sought help, focusing on four adverse aspects of harms from others' drinking. Results: The prevalence of seeking help from any source in the past year due to harm from others' drinking ranged from 7% to 20%. The most common service used by those who were affected by other people's drinking was asking for help from friends, followed by calling the police and using health-related services. The largest proportion of help-seeking was among those reporting property harm, followed by those being harmed physically and sexually by drinkers. Conclusion: Given a wide range of harms from others' drinking in the general population and different needs of those affected, prevalence rates for help-seeking behavior due to others' drinking in South and South East Asian countries were low and the help sought was often informal. There is a large knowledge gap in our understanding of the mechanisms of help-seeking behavior and the pathways for access to help among those affected. Further studies are important for enhancing the social response services available and making these more accessible to those who need help.
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