| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Wilson, Jeffrey M., et al.
(författare)
-
α-Gal specific-IgE prevalence and levels in Ecuador and Kenya : Relation to diet, parasites, and IgG4
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 147:4, s. 1393-1401.e7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: IgE to α-Gal is a cause of mammalian meat allergy and has been linked to tick bites in North America, Australia, and Eurasia. Reports from the developing world indicate that α-Gal sensitization is prevalent but has been little investigated. Objective: We sought evidence for the cause(s) of α-Gal sensitization and lack of reported meat allergy among children in less developed settings in Ecuador and Kenya. Methods: IgE to α-Gal and total IgE were assessed in children from Ecuador (n = 599) and Kenya (n = 254) and compared with children with (n = 42) and without known (n = 63) mammalian meat allergy from the southeastern United States. Information on diet, potential risk factors, and helminth infections was available for children from Ecuador. IgG4 to α-Gal and antibodies to regionally representative parasites were assessed in a subset of children. Results: In Ecuador (32%) and Kenya (54%), α-Gal specific IgE was prevalent, but levels were lower than in children with meat allergy from the United States. Sensitization was associated with rural living, antibody markers of Ascaris exposure, and total IgE, but not active infections with Ascaris or Trichuris species. In Ecuador, 87.5% reported consuming beef at least once per week, including 83.9% of those who had α-Gal specific IgE. Levels of α-Gal specific IgG4 were not high in Ecuador, but were greater than in children from the United States. Conclusions: These results suggest that in areas of the developing world with endemic parasitism, α-Gal sensitization is (1) common, (2) associated with Ascaris exposure, and (3) distinguished by a low percentage of specific/total IgE compared with individuals with meat allergy in the United States.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Bondarenko, Nina G., et al.
(författare)
-
Spin polaronics : Static and dynamic properties of spin polarons in La-doped CaMnO4
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Physical Review B. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 100:13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The static and dynamic properties of spin polarons in La-doped CaMnO3 are explored theoretically, by means of an effective low-energy Hamiltonian. All parameters of the effective Hamiltonian are evaluated from first-principles theory. The Hamiltonian is used to investigate the temperature stability as well as the response to an external applied electric field, for spin polarons in bulk, surface, and as single two-dimensional layers. Technically this involves atomistic spin-dynamics simulations in combination with kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. Where a comparison can be made, our simulations exhibit excellent agreement with available experimental data and previous theory. Remarkably, we find that excellent control of the mobility of spin polarons in this material can be achieved, and that the critical parameters deciding this are the temperature and strength of the applied electrical field. We outline different technological implications of spin polarons, and point to spin polaronics as an emerging subfield of nanotechnology. In particular, we demonstrate that it is feasible to write and erase information on an atomic scale, by use of spin polarons in CaMnO3.
|
|
| 6. |
- Bondarenko, N., et al.
(författare)
-
Spin-polaron formation and magnetic state diagram in La-doped CaMnO3
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Physical Review B. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 95:22
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- LaxCa1-xMnO3 (LCMO) has been studied in the framework of density functional theory (DFT) using Hubbard-U correction. We show that the formation of spin polarons of different configurations is possible in the G-type antiferromagnetic phase. We also show that the spin-polaron (SP) solutions are stabilized due to an interplay of magnetic and lattice effects at lower La concentrations and mostly due to the lattice contribution at larger concentrations. Our results indicate that the development of SPs is unfavorable in the C- and A-type antiferromagnetic phases. The theoretically obtained magnetic state diagram is in good agreement with previously reported experimental results.
|
|
| 7. |
- Chang, Tingru, et al.
(författare)
-
Analysis of historic copper patinas. Influence of inclusions on patina uniformity
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Materials. - : MDPI AG. - 1996-1944. ; 10:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The morphology and elemental composition of cross sections of eight historic copper materials have been explored. The materials were taken from copper roofs installed in different middle and northern European environments from the 16th to the 19th century. All copper substrates contain inclusions of varying size, number and composition, reflecting different copper ores and production methods. The largest inclusions have a size of up to 40 μm, with most inclusions in the size ranging between 2 and 10 μm. The most common element in the inclusions is O, followed by Pb, Sb and As. Minor elements include Ni, Sn and Fe. All historic patinas exhibit quite fragmentized bilayer structures, with a thin inner layer of cuprite (Cu2O) and a thicker outer one consisting mainly of brochantite (Cu4SO4(OH)6). The extent of patina fragmentation seems to depend on the size of the inclusions, rather than on their number and elemental composition. The larger inclusions are electrochemically nobler than the surrounding copper matrix. This creates micro-galvanic effects resulting both in a profound influence on the homogeneity and morphology of historic copper patinas and in a significantly increased ratio of the thicknesses of the brochantite and cuprite layers. The results suggest that copper patinas formed during different centuries exhibit variations in uniformity and corrosion protection ability.
|
|
| 8. |
- Chico, B., et al.
(författare)
-
Analysis of historic copper patinas 2 : Characterization of 400 year old patina from Royal Summer Palace in Prague
- 2017
-
Ingår i: EUROCORR 2017 - The Annual Congress of the European Federation of Corrosion, 20th International Corrosion Congress and Process Safety Congress 2017. - : Asociace koroznich inzenyru z.s.- AKI - Czech Association of Corrosion Engineers.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an in-depth characterisation study of the patina formed on a copper tile taken from the roof of Queen Anne's Summer Palace in Prague after close to 400 years of exposure to the action of the atmosphere. A wide variety of techniques have been performed, including metallographic and chemical analysis (electrogravimetry, AAS, XRF) of the copper matrix, and spectroscopic and microscopic investigations (GIXRD, TEM/EDS and SEM/EDS) to determine the composition and structure of the patina. The major conclusions of the study are: (a) the base copper contains abundant inclusions mainly of rosiaite (PbSb2O6); (b) the patina is formed by an inner sublayer of cuprite (Cu2O) and an outer sublayer of brochantite [Cu4SO4(OH)6] and antlerite [Cu3SO4(OH)4] and traces of azurite [Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2]; and (c) the brochantite/antlerite crystals are randomly doped with Fe and C.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Morcillo, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Characterisation of a centuries-old patinated copper roof tile from Queen Anne's Summer Palace in Prague
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Materials Characterization. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 1044-5803 .- 1873-4189. ; 133, s. 146-155
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an in-depth characterisation study of the patina formed on a copper tile taken from the roof of Queen Anne's Summer Palace in Prague after > 300 years of exposure to the action of the atmosphere. A wide variety of techniques have been used, including metallographic and chemical analysis (electrogravimetry, AAS, XRF) of the copper matrix, and spectroscopic and microscopic investigations (GIXRD, FTIR, TEM/EDS and SEM/ EDS) to determine the composition and structure of the patina. The major conclusions of the study are: (a) the base copper contains abundant inclusions mainly of rosiaite (PbSb2O6); (b) the patina is formed by an inner sublayer of cuprite (Cu2O) and an outer sublayer of brochantite [Cu4SO4(OH)(6)] and antlerite [Cu3SO4(OH)(4)] and traces of azurite [Cu-3(CO3)(2)(OH)(2)]; and (c) the brochantite/antlerite crystals are randomly doped with Fe and C.
|
|
| 11. |
- Morcillo, M., et al.
(författare)
-
On the Mechanism of Rust Exfoliation in Marine Environments
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Journal of the Electrochemical Society. - : ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC. - 0013-4651 .- 1945-7111. ; 164:2, s. C8-C16
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on exposures in chloride-rich field and laboratory atmospheres, a mechanism of rust exfoliation of carbon steel is proposed. Key ingredients are structural transformations between main rust phases (goethite, lepidocrocite, spinel oxides and akageneite) during varying exposure conditions and their large difference in molar volume with a factor of five between the most compact and least compact rust phase. Akaganeite transformed to spinel results in volume contraction, lepidocrocite to spinel in volume expansion and in both cases stresses are introduced in the rust multilayer. At sufficiently high chloride deposition rates (similar to 300 mg/m(2).d), the rust multilayer eventually detaches resulting in rust exfoliation.
|
|
| 12. |
- Nystrand, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
-
Coarse-Graining Approach to Atomistic SpinDynamics
- 2015
-
Ingår i: ULTRAFAST MAGNETISM I. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319077437 - 9783319077420 ; , s. 162-165
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We introduce a coarse-graining approach to study the movement of a Domain Wall (DW) under the influence of a spin polarized current, in the framework of atomistic spin dynamics. An increase in performance of up to 35% is obtained. We show the dependence of the method on both exchange range and temperature effects.
|
|
| 13. |
- Rowley, Jane, et al.
(författare)
-
Chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis and syphilis : global prevalence and incidence estimates, 2016
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Bulletin of the World Health Organization. - : World Health Organization. - 0042-9686 .- 1564-0604. ; 97:8, s. 548-562P
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To generate estimates of the global prevalence and incidence of urogenital infection with chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis and syphilis in women and men, aged 15-49 years, in 2016.Methods: For chlamydia, gonorrhoea and trichomoniasis, we systematically searched for studies conducted between 2009 and 2016 reporting prevalence. We also consulted regional experts. To generate estimates, we used Bayesian meta-analysis. For syphilis, we aggregated the national estimates generated by using Spectrum-STI.Findings: For chlamydia, gonorrhoea and/or trichomoniasis, 130 studies were eligible. For syphilis, the Spectrum-STI database contained 978 data points for the same period.The 2016 global prevalence estimates in women were: chlamydia 3.8% (95% uncertainty interval, UI: 33-4.5); gonorrhoea 0.9% (95% UI: 0.7-1.1); trichomoniasis 53% (95% UI:4.0-7.2); and syphilis 0.5% (95% UI: 0.4-0.6). In men prevalence estimates were: chlamydia 2.7% (95% UI: 1.9-3.7); gonorrhoea 0.7% (95% UI: 05-1.1); trichomoniasis 0.6% (95% UI: 0.4-0.9); and syphilis 05% (95% UI: 0.4-0.6). Total estimated incident cases were 376.4 million: 127.2 million (95% UI: 95.1-165.9 million) chlamydia cases; 86.9 million (95% UI: 58.6-123.4 million) gonorrhoea cases; 156.0 million (95% UI: 103.4-231.2 million) trichomoniasis cases; and 6.3 million (95% UI: 55-7.1 million) syphilis cases.Conclusion: Global estimates of prevalence and incidence of these four curable sexually transmitted infections remain high. The study highlights the need to expand data collection efforts at country level and provides an initial baseline for monitoring progress of the World Health Organization global health sector strategy on sexually transmitted infections 2016-2021.
|
|
