| 1. |
- Dahlgren, Annika, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Linking the Klein-Bell ADL Scale to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) : Linking an ADL scale to the ICF
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977. ; 45:4, s. 351-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The main objective of this study was to link the Klein-Bell Activities of Daily Living (KB) Scale to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), in order to validate the KB Scale content-wise. Design: A qualitative approach was used with directed content analysis. Methods: Concepts in the KB Scale items were linked to ICF categories according to established rules. This was followed by 4 analyses: examination of the linked categories' frequency distribution; comparison of these categories with Core Sets for spinal cord injury (SCI) and occupational therapists; calculation of content density, content diversity and range of linked categories; and calculation of agreement between two independent linkage versions. Results: All except one identified KB Scale concept could be linked to ICF categories. The occupational therapists Core Sets were most consistent with linked categories in the KB Scale. Content density, content diversity and range varied between the different KB Scale dimensions. Agreement was reliable for the whole KB Scale and for 5 of 6 dimensions. Conclusion: The ICF has provided a valuable reference to identify and quantify the concepts in the KB Scale. Furthermore, comparison between the KB Scale and ICF Core Sets provides insights into areas covered by these instruments.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Bai, Xiaohong, et al.
(författare)
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Sensing applications of fiber Bragg gratings in single mode fibers with as-drawn 25 μm diameter cladding
- 2021
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Ingår i: Optics and Laser Technology. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0030-3992 .- 1879-2545. ; 144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sensing properties of fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) inscribed in single mode fiber with a 5 μm diameter core and 25 μm diameter cladding are studied experimentally for temperature, strain, bending, and surrounding refractive index. Compared to normal single mode fiber, the diameter of this fiber is 5 times smaller and it stretches 14.5 times more at the same applied load. Therefore, it is much more flexible and stretchable, while maintaining excellent optical quality at wavelengths near 1550 nm. In addition to a core mode back reflection resonance, strong FBGs inscribed in this fiber show a relatively small number of narrow bandwidth (0.7 nm) cladding mode resonances separated in wavelength by 2.5–6 nm. This relatively coarse spectral comb can then be used to sense many different kinds of perturbations involving core and cladding modes. In particular, unlike cladding-mode based sensors made from tilted FBGs, all resonances are of the same azimuthal order as the core mode (i.e. HE1m). This feature makes these gratings particularly sensitive to bending which causes the appearance of new resonances and reduced amplitudes of the original ones, each by up to 10 dB/mm−1 of curvature. On the other hand, the temperature sensitivities of all modes are similar to that of standard fiber (around 11 pm/oC) while strain sensitivities are somewhat higher (1.6–1.7 pm/μstrain). The surrounding refractive index sensitivity is also increased (by a factor of 3) over normal fiber, mostly due to the increased modal dispersion of the modes of the thinner cladding. Furthermore, it is possible to serially multiplex different gratings at different wavelengths by interleaving their resonance combs and preserving each grating identity in the combined spectrum.
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| 5. |
- Berglund, Ellinor, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Smartphone Dispatch of Volunteer Responders on Automated External Defibrillators and Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests : The SAMBA Randomized Clinical Trial
- 2023
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Ingår i: JAMA cardiology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2380-6583 .- 2380-6591. ; 8:1, s. 81-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Importance Smartphone dispatch of volunteer responders to nearby out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) has emerged in several emergency medical services, but no randomized clinical trials have evaluated the effect on bystander use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs).Objective To evaluate if bystander AED use could be increased by smartphone-aided dispatch of lay volunteer responders with instructions to collect nearby AEDs compared with instructions to go directly to patients with OHCAs to start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).Design, Setting, and Participants This randomized clinical trial assessed a system for smartphone dispatch of volunteer responders to individuals experiencing OHCAs that was triggered at emergency dispatch centers in response to suspected OHCAs and randomized 1:1. The study was conducted in 2 main Swedish regions: Stockholm and Västra Götaland between December 2018 and January 2020. At study start, there were 3123 AEDs in Stockholm and 3195 in Västra Götaland and 24 493 volunteer responders in Stockholm and 19 117 in Västra Götaland. All OHCAs in which the volunteer responder system was activated by dispatchers were included. Excluded were patients with no OHCAs, those with OHCAs not treated by the emergency medical services, and those with OHCAs witnessed by the emergency medical services.Interventions Volunteer responders were alerted through the volunteer responder system smartphone application and received map-aided instructions to retrieve nearest available public AEDs on their way to the OHCAs. The control arm included volunteer responders who were instructed to go directly to the OHCAs to perform CPR.Main Outcomes and Measures Overall bystander AED attachment, including those attached by volunteer responders and lay volunteers who did not use the smartphone application.Results Volunteer responders were activated for 947 patients with OHCAs. Of those, 461 were randomized to the intervention group (median [IQR] age of patients, 73 [61-81] years; 295 male patients [65.3%]) and 486 were randomized to the control group (median [IQR] age of patients, 73 [63-82] years; 312 male patients [65.3%]). Primary outcome of AED attachment occurred in 61 patients (13.2%) in the intervention arm vs 46 patients (9.5%) in the control arm (difference, 3.8% [95% CI, −0.3% to 7.9%]; P = .08). The majority of AEDs were attached by lay volunteers who were not using the smartphone application (37 in intervention arm, 28 in control). There were no significant differences in secondary outcomes. Among the volunteer responders using the application, crossover was 11% and compliance to instructions was 31%. Volunteer responders attached 38% (41 of 107) of all AEDs and provided 45% (16 of 36) of all defibrillations and 43% (293 of 666) of all CPR.Conclusions and Relevance In this study, smartphone dispatch of volunteer responders to OHCAs to retrieve nearby AEDs vs instructions to directly perform CPR did not significantly increase volunteer AED use. High baseline AED attachement rate and crossover may explain why the difference was not significant.Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02992873
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| 6. |
- Berglund, Ellinor, et al.
(författare)
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Wellbeing, emotional response and stress among lay responders dispatched to suspected out-of-hospital cardiac arrests
- 2022
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Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier Ireland Ltd. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 170, s. 352-360
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Systems for smartphone dispatch of lay responders to perform cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and bring automated external defibrillators to out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) are advocated by recent international guidelines and emerging worldwide. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the emotional responses, posttraumatic stress reactions and levels of wellbeing among smartphone-alerted lay responders dispatched to suspected OHCAs. Methods: Lay responders were stratified by level of exposure: unexposed (Exp-0), tried to reach (Exp-1), and reached the suspected OHCA (Exp-2). Participants rated their emotional responses online, at 90 minutes and at 4–6 weeks after an incident. Level of emotional response was measured in two dimensions of core affect: “alertness” – from deactivation to activation, and “pleasantness” – from unpleasant to pleasant. At 4–6 weeks, WHO wellbeing index and level of posttraumatic stress (PTSD) were also rated. Results: Altogether, 915 (28%) unexposed and 1471 (64%) exposed responders completed the survey. Alertness was elevated in the exposed groups: Exp-0: 6.7 vs. Exp-1: 7.3 and Exp-2: 7.5, (p < 0.001) and pleasantness was highest in the unexposed group: 6.5, vs. Exp-1: 6.3, and Exp-2: 6.1, (p < 0.001). Mean scores for PTSD at follow-up was below clinical cut-off, Exp-0: 9.9, Exp-1: 8.9 and Exp-2: 8.8 (p = 0.065). Wellbeing index showed no differences, Exp-0: 78.0, Exp-1: 78.5 and Exp-2: 79.9 (p = 0.596). Conclusion: Smartphone dispatched lay responders rated the experience as high-energy and mainly positive. No harm to the lay responders was seen. The exposed groups had low posttraumatic stress scores and high-level general wellbeing at follow-up. © 2021
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| 7. |
- Broeren, Jurgen, et al.
(författare)
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Virtual rehabilitation after stroke.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Studies in health technology and informatics. - 0926-9630 .- 1879-8365. ; 136, s. 77-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this project was to investigate the effects of Virtual Reality technology and haptics for stroke rehabilitation. Twenty-nine stroke subjects, 17 women, and 12 men aged 44-85 years, participated in three different studies. All participants responded favorable to the use of the VR activity station. A change of attitude took place after the subjects were exposed to playing computer games. The general experience with the VR application approach suggests that this treatment concept is promising in stroke rehabilitation, with a wide range of applicability.
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| 8. |
- Brunnström, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Biosynthesis of 14,15-Hepoxilins in Human L1236 Hodgkin Lymphoma Cells and Eosinophils
- 2011
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Ingår i: Lipids. - : Wiley. - 0024-4201 .- 1558-9307. ; 46:1, s. 69-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hepoxilins are epoxy alcohols synthesized through the 12-lipoxygenase (12-LO) pathway in animal cells. The epidermis is the principal source of hepoxilins in humans. Here we report on the formation of novel hepoxilin regioisomers formed by the 15-LO pathway in human cells. The Hodgkin lymphoma cell line L1236 possesses high 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LO-1) activity and incubation of L1236 cells with arachidonic acid led to the formation of 11(S)-hydroxy-14(S),15(S)-epoxy 5(Z),8(Z),12(E) eicosatrienoic acid (14,15-HxA(3) 11(S)) and 13(R)-hydroxy-14(S),15(S)-epoxy 5(Z),8(Z),11(Z) eicosatrienoic acid (14,15-HxB(3) 13 (R)). In addition, two hitherto unidentified products were detected and these products were collected and analyzed by positive ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. These metabolites were identified as 11(S),15(S)-dihydroxy-14(R)-glutathionyl-5(Z),8(Z),12(E)-eicosatrienoic acid (14,15-HxA(3)-C) and 11(S),15(S)-dihydroxy-14(R)-cysteinyl-glycyl-5(Z),8(Z),12(E)-eicosatrien oic acid (14,15-HxA(3)-D). Incubation of L1236 cells with synthetic 14,15-HxA(3) 11(S) also led to the formation of 14,15-HxA(3)-C and 14,15-HxA(3)-D. Several soluble glutathione transferases, in particular GST M1-1 and GST P1-1, were found to catalyze the conversion of 14,15-HxA(3) to 14,15-HxA(3)-C. L1236 cells produced approximately twice as much eoxins as cysteinyl-containing hepoxilins upon stimulation with arachidonic acid. Human eosinophils, nasal polyps and dendritic cells selectively formed 14,15-HxA(3) 11(S) and 14,15-HxB(3) 13(R) stereoisomers, but not cysteinyl-containing hepoxilins, after stimulation with arachidonic acid. Furthermore, purified recombinant 15-LO-1 alone catalyzed the conversion of arachidonic acid to 14,15-HxA(3) 11(S) and 14,15-HxB(3) 13(R), showing that human 15-LO-1 possesses intrinsic 14,15-hepoxilin synthase activity.
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| 9. |
- Brunnström, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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On the biosynthesis of 15-HETE and eoxin C-4 by human airway epithelial cells
- 2015
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Ingår i: Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators. - : Elsevier BV. - 1098-8823 .- 2212-196X. ; 121, s. 83-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several lines of evidence indicate that 15-lipoxygenase type 1 (15-LO-1) plays a pathophysiological role in asthma. The aim for this study was to investigate the 15-LO-1 expression and activity in primary human airway epithelial cells cultivated on micro-porous filters at air liquid interface. Incubation of human airway epithelial cells with arachidonic acid led to the formation of 15(S)-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) and exposing the cells to bacteria or physical injury markedly increased their production of 15-HETE. The cells were also found to convert arachidonic acid to eoxin C-4 (EXC4). Subcellular fractionation revealed that the conversion of EXA(4) to EXC4 was catalyzed by a soluble glutathione transferase (GST). The GST P1-1 enzyme was found to possess the highest activity of the investigated soluble GSTs. Following IL-4 treatment of airway epithelial cells, microarray analysis confirmed high expression of 15-LO-1 and GST P1-1, and immunohistochemical staining of bronchial biopsies revealed co-localization of 15-LO-1 and GST P1-1 in airway epithelial cells. These results indicate that respiratory infection and cell injury may activate the 15-LO pathway in airway epithelial cells. Furthermore, we also demonstrate that airway epithelial cells have the capacity to produce EXC4.
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| 10. |
- Claesson, Anna-Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Two weeks of overfeeding with candy, but not peanuts, increases insulin levels and body weight
- 2009
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Ingår i: SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL and LABORATORY INVESTIGATION. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5513 .- 1502-7686. ; 69:5, s. 598-605
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To study the effects of snacking based on fast acting carbohydrates (candy) or fat and protein (peanuts) in a prospective randomized, parallel intervention study. Methods: Basal metabolic rate (BMR) and cardiovascular risk factors were measured before and after hyper-alimentation by addition of 20 kcal/kg (84 kJ/kg) body weight of either candy or roasted peanuts, to the regular caloric intake, for two weeks in healthy subjects. Eleven men and 14 women completed the randomized study. Results: Energy-intake increased similarly in the groups (candy: +46.1 +/- 35%, peanuts: +46.8 +/- 28%, p = 0.96). Body-weight (candy: from 67.3 +/- 7.6 kg to 68.1 +/- 7.3 kg, p = 0.01, nuts: from 68.7 +/- 6.1 kg to 69.0 +/- 5.7 kg, p = 0.3) and waist circumference increased significantly only in the candy group. At the end of the study LDL cholesterol (candy: 2.6 +/- 0.4 mmol/L, peanuts: 2.1 +/- 0.4 mmol/L, p = 0.005) and ApoB/ApoA-1-ratio (candy: 0.68 +/- 0.16, peanuts: 0.53 +/- 0.11, p = 0.01) were higher in the candy group than in the peanut group. On the other hand, BMR increased only in the peanut group (candy: from 6.657 +/- 1.1 MJ/24 h to 6.762 +/- 1.1 MJ/24 h, p - 0.3, nuts: from 6.896 +/- 0.98 MJ/24 h to 7.256 +/- 1.1 MJ/24 h, p = 0.02). Conclusion: Two weeks of snacking based on peanuts does not cause the same negative metabolic effects as an isocaloric diet in which the snacking is based on short acting carbohydrates in the form of candy in non-obese healthy subjects.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Claesson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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FBG Applications in 25um Diameter Fibers
- 2022
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Ingår i: Optics InfoBase Conference Papers. - : Optica Publishing Group (formerly OSA). - 9781557528209
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ultrathin 25μm optical fibers with FBG sensors are manufactured and used as vibration sensors in glass-fiber reinforced composites. The use of ultrathin fibers is discussed, and their manufacture is described. © 2022 The Authors.
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| 13. |
- Claesson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Internal Electrode Fiber Polarization Controller
- 2003
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Ingår i: Conf Opt Fiber Commun Tech Dig Ser. ; , s. 39-40
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Potentially low-cost polarization controllers were studied with a current-driven internal electrode fibers. The return loss was determined for the device. An EDFA was used as light source, and five devices were constructed and tested. The polarization dependent loss (PDL) of the polarization controllers was measured between 1530 nm and 1570 nm using the Jones-matrix method. The response times for the controllers was found to be relatively slow. The rise time of the optical response was significantly improved by overshooting the current pulse.
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| 14. |
- Claesson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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lntegrated Optical Fiber Sensors in Additive Manufactured Metal Components for Smart Manufacturing Applications
- 2019
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Ingår i: Smart Systems Integration; 13th International Conference and Exhibition on Integration Issues of Miniaturized Systems.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work combines fiber optic sensors with additive manufacturing to enable integration of temperature and strain sensors in metal components. In this paper, we present a fiber optic sensor network integrated in press hardening tools to monitor the contact between the tool and the metal sheet during forming operation. The tools are manufactured through metal powder bed fusion using laser melting processes (PBF-SLM), after which the tools are prepared for sensor integration. A demonstrator press hardening tool with integrated fiber optic sensors was heated using an electric heat foil and the sensor measurements was compared to a thermal simulation model. The sensor technology is based on Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs), integrated at several positions along the optical fiber. FBGs are in-fiber sensors that are multiplexed. lt is possible to place hundreds of FBG sensors along one single fiber, thus allowing for quasidistributed sensing of temperature or strain. The optical fiber itself can be less than 100 micrometer in diameter, allowing for sensing at several points in a minimally invasive way, when integrated in a tool or component.
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| 15. |
- Claesson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Novel design for diode-pumped miniature lasers using microstructured silicon carriers
- 2000
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Ingår i: Advanced Solid State Lasers. - : Optica Publishing Group.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new design concept for compact diode-pumped solid-state lasers is presented. The design is based on a microstructured silicon carrier with etched v-grooves. This silicon microbench provides efficient thermal management at 10W pumping level, as well as compact integration and alignment of all active and passive optical components of compact diode-pumped solid-state lasers. In initial experiments, a Nd:YAG laser built on the microbench delivered a continuous-wave output of 3W.
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| 16. |
- Claesson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Novel Er:Yb phosphate glass fiber laser pumped by a 946 nm Nd:YAG laser
- 2001
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Ingår i: Technical Digest. Summaries of papers presented at the Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Postconference Technical Digest (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37170).
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Summary form only given. Recently, Kigre introduced a new family of rare-earth doped fibers (Wu et al, 2000), based on phosphate laser glass. Due to their phonon energy, erbium-doped phosphate glasses exhibit lower up-conversion losses than silica glass. This, and the high solubility for rare-earth ions, makes phosphate glasses promising candidates for high-gain erbium devices. High doping concentrations enable short devices, and fiber lasers or amplifiers with only a few centimeters of active fiber can be realized. This is to be compared to standard EDFAs that normally contain tens of meters of erbium-doped silica fibers. We have demonstrated a short fiber-laser based on a single-mode Er:Yb codoped phosphate fiber, pumped by a 946 nm Nd:YAG laser.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Claesson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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UV-transparent coatings for optical fiber
- 1997
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bragg gratings have been produced in germanosilicate optical fibers by exposing the fiber, through a polymer coating, to an interference pattern in the ultraviolet wavelength region. Two different coatings, Teflon AF@ 1600 and Kynar@ 7201, were applied on the fiber by dip coating and their optical properties in the 200-300 nm range were investigated. During the grating fabrication process, Teflon AF showed no sign of degradation at the fluencies required for efficient grating manufacturing. When Kynar 7201 was used, the coating darkened and decomposed
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| 19. |
- Dahlgren, A, et al.
(författare)
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Activity performance and upper extremity function in cervical spinal cord injury patients according to the Klein-Bell ADL Scale.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Spinal cord : the official journal of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1362-4393. ; 45:7, s. 475-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. OBJECTIVES: (1) To examine whether the Klein-Bell ADL Scale (K-B Scale) discriminates cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) patients in daily activities and to explore its applicability in this group of patients. (2) To examine the association between basic ADL and upper extremity function. (3) To investigate if grip ability can be discerned in the scale. SETTING: Spinal Cord Injury Unit, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden. METHODS: Fifty-five patients with cervical SCI with no prior reconstructive hand surgery were included in the study. Analyses of the patient's independence were made according to the K-B Scale. Three additional analyses were carried out, the first examined whether the use of assistive devices and house and car adaptations influenced independence. The last two used different approaches to investigate whether arm and grip function could be detected in the K-B scale. RESULTS: Raw score in the K-B Scale can discriminate for independence in daily activities but the scale's weight scheme does not function for cervical SCI patients. Assistive devices and car and house adaptations can compensate for dependence in daily activities. Lack of grip function decreases the patient's ability to become independent. Diagnosis-related activities cannot be assessed in all items. CONCLUSION: The K-B Scale's raw score was useful assessing daily activities in cervical SCI patients. Its reliability in conjunction with arm and grip function in patients with cervical SCI has yet to be proven.
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| 20. |
- Dierolf, V., et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of highly erbium-doped fibers using confocal luminescence microscopy
- 2004
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Ingår i: OSA Trends Opt. Photonics Series. - : Optical Society of American (OSA). ; , s. 539-541
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using confocal luminescence microscopy and detailed evaluation of the luminescence spectra in terms of intensity, spectral position and width, we determined the erbium doping profiles and their inhomogeneities in high index profile singly mode fibers.
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| 21. |
- Dixelius, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Minimal active domain and mechanism of action of the angiogenesis inhibitor histidine-rich glycoprotein
- 2006
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Ingår i: Cancer Research. - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 66:4, s. 2089-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRGP) is an abundant heparin-binding plasma protein that efficiently arrests growth and vascularization of mouse tumor models. We have shown that the antiangiogenic effect of HRGP is dependent on its histidine/proline-rich domain, which needs to be released from the mother protein to exert its effects. Here we identify a 35-amino-acid peptide, HRGP330, derived from the histidine/proline-rich domain as endowed with antiangiogenic properties in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism of action of HRGP330 involves subversion of focal adhesion function by disruption of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) functions, inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the FAK substrate alpha-actinin, and, as a consequence, an arrest in endothelial cell motility. The disturbed focal adhesion function is reflected in the ability of HRGP as well as of HRGP330 to prevent endothelial cell adhesion to vitronectin in a manner involving alpha(v)beta3 integrin. In conclusion, HRGP330, which we define as the minimal antiangiogenic domain of HRGP, exerts its effects through signal transduction targeting focal adhesions, thereby interrupting VEGF-induced endothelial cell motility.
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| 22. |
- Ek, Patrik, 1980-
(författare)
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Mass Spectrometry with Electrospray Ionization from an Adjustable Gap
- 2008
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this thesis the fabrication and analytical evaluation of two new electrospray emitters utilized for mass spectrometry analysis is presented. The emitters are based on a new concept, where the spray orifice can be varied in size. The thesis is based on two papers. All present-day nanoelectrospray emitters have fixed dimensions. The range of the applicable flow rate for such an emitter is therefore rather limited and exchange of emitters may be necessary from one experiment to another. Optimization of the signal of the analyte ions is also limited to adjustments of the applied voltage or the distance between the emitter and the mass spectrometer inlet. Furthermore, clogging can occur in emitters with fixed dimensions of narrow orifice sizes. In this thesis, electrospray emitters with a variable size of the spray orifice are proposed. An open gap between two thin substrates is filled with sample solution via a liquid bridge from a capillary. Electrospray is generated at the end point of the gap, which can be varied in width. In Paper I, electrospray emitters fabricated in polyethylene terephthalate have been evaluated. Triangular tips are manually cut from the polymer film. The tips are mounted to form a gap between the edges of the tips. The gap wall surfaces are subjected to a hydrophilic surface treatment to increase the wetting of the gap walls. In Paper II, silicon electrospray chips with high precision are fabricated and evaluated. A thin beam, elevated from the bulk silicon chip is fabricated by means of deep reactive ion etching. The top surfaces of the beams of two chips act as a sample conduit when mounted in the electrospray setup. An anisotropic etching step with KOH of the intersecting <100> crystal planes results in a very sharp spray point. The emitters were given a hydrophobic surface treatment except for the hydrophilic gap walls. For both emitter designs, the gap width has been adjusted during the experiments without any interruption of the electrospray. For a continuously applied peptide mixture, a shift towards higher charge states and increased signal to noise ratios could be observed when decreasing the gap width. The limit of detection has been investigated and the silicon chips have been interfaced with capillary electrophoresis.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Gulliksson, Magdalena, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of 15-lipoxygenase type-1 in human mast cells
- 2007
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Ingår i: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3002 .- 1878-2434. ; 1771:9, s. 1156-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mast cells play a key role in the pathophysiology of asthma. These cells exert their effector functions by releasing a variety of proinflammatory and immunoregulatory compounds. Mast cells infiltrate the bronchial epithelium and smooth muscle to a higher degree in patients with asthma compared to control subjects. 15-Lipoxygenase type-1 (15-LO-1) is a prooxidant enzyme which is expressed in asthmatic lungs leading to formation of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators. Here we report that interleukin-4 (IL-4) induced the expression of 15-LO-1 in human cord blood derived mast cells (CBMC) as demonstrated by RT-PCR, western blot and immunocytochemistry. The major metabolite of arachidonic acid formed via the 15-LO pathway in IL-4 treated CBMC was identified as 15-ketoeicosatetraenoic acid (15-KETE, also named 15-oxo-ETE) with smaller amounts of 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) as identified by HPLC and mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Furthermore, immunohistochemical stainings demonstrated the expression of 15-LO-1 in mast cells in lung and skin in vivo. Osmotic activation of CBMC with mannitol resulted in activation of the 15-LO-1 pathway. In conclusion, the expression of 15-LO-1 and release of 15-LO-1 derived products by mast cells may contribute to the role of these cells in asthma and other inflammatory diseases.
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| 26. |
- Gustafson, Gunnar, 1945, et al.
(författare)
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Steering Parameters for Rock Grouting
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Mathematics. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1110-757X .- 1687-0042. ; 2013, s. Art. no. 269594-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Swedish tunnel grouting practice normally a fan of boreholes is drilled ahead of the tunnel front where cement grout is injected in order to create a low permeability zone around the tunnel. Demands on tunnel tightness have increased substantially in Sweden and this has led to a drastic increase of grouting costs. Based on the flow equations for a Bingham fluid the penetration of grout as a function of grouting time is calculated. This shows that the time-scale of grouting in a borehole is only determined by grouting over-pressure and the rheological properties of the grout, thus parameters that the grouter can choose. Pressure, grout properties and the fracture aperture determine the maximum penetration of the grout. The smallest fracture aperture that requires to be sealed thus also governs the effective borehole distance. Based on the identified parameters that define the grouting time-scale and grout penetration an effective design of grouting operations can be set up.
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| 27. |
- Hansson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Artist's Salary Now!
- 2019
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Ingår i: PARSE Journal. - Göteborg : PARSEJournal. - 2002-0953. ; :9
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- “Should we spend our time filling out forms or making art?” was the rhetorical question that acted as a starting point for “Konsnärslön nu!”, a series of events at Gallery Tegen2 in Stockholm in September 2018. Over a period of a month, a group of artists performed a think tank and set up a campaign headquarters as a means to provoke discussion. The exhibition also provided space for a series of semi-public talks in which the question of a possible basic income for artists was further developed. The talks engaged activists from the universal basic income movement, politicians, researchers and artists. In this report we describe the ideas behind the project and the discussions as they evolved in the talks and interviews with artists. As a result of the project we propose an artist’s salary as a pilot for a future basic income, a salary that eventually will be for everyone, not only artists: a salary to allow for time to take care of our commons and existential issues. A modest salary based on the modest needs of artists. Unlike a universal basic income, it is intended for a specific purpose: our shared society. And, since we claim that society is art, it is up to each one of us to define what society is.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Hellsing, M, et al.
(författare)
-
ToF-SIMS imaging of dopant diffusion in optical fibers
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Applied Surface Science. - 0169-4332 .- 1873-5584. ; 203, s. 648-651
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Applications of optical fibers in telecommunication and sensing are rapidly emerging where the fiber properties are related to the controlled addition of dopants such as germanium, phosphorous, fluorine and erbium. The modern ToF-SIMS instrument, with its high sensitivity and high lateral resolution, has shown to be an excellent tool to directly analyze cross-sections of as-manufactured fibers. The present work describes ToF-SIMS imaging of the dopant distribution in fluorine, germanium and rare-earth doped fibers where dopants are confined to a few mum in the core. The increased fluorine diffusion in the fluorine doped fibers due to chemical reactions with hydroxyl groups was examined. This process is utilized in the manufacture of thermally stable chemical composition fiber Bragg gratings. We were able to produce ToF-SIMS elemental images with a lateral resolution around 0.5 mum showing the detailed distribution of the dopants.
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| 30. |
- Hellstadius, Åsa, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Biobanken och immaterialrätten
- 2003
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Ingår i: Biobanksrätt. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144042718 ; , s. 235-262
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 31. |
- Hey Tow, Kenny, et al.
(författare)
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Nanocomposite-coated optical fibres for improved distributed sensing performance in harsh environment
- 2023
-
Ingår i: <em>Proceedings - 28th International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors, OFS 2023</em>. - : Optical Society of America.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Draw tower fabrication of a novel optical fibre with nanocomposite polymer coating is reported. Preliminary results show it is more robust to high-temperature ageing, and moisture-induced strain than standard polymer fibres when used for distributed sensing.
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| 32. |
- Högstedt, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Characteristics and motivational factors for joining a lay responder system dispatch to out-of-hospital cardiac arrests
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1757-7241. ; 30:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There has been in increase in the use of systems for organizing lay responders for suspected out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) dispatch using smartphone-based technology. The purpose is to increase survival rates; however, such systems are dependent on people's commitment to becoming a lay responder. Knowledge about the characteristics of such volunteers and their motivational factors is lacking. Therefore, we explored characteristics and quantified the underlying motivational factors for joining a smartphone-based cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) lay responder system. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 800 consecutively recruited lay responders in a smartphone-based mobile positioning first-responder system (SMS-lifesavers) were surveyed. Data on characteristics and motivational factors were collected, the latter through a modified version of the validated survey "Volunteer Motivation Inventory" (VMI). The statements in the VMI, ranked on a Likert scale (1-5), corresponded to(a) intrinsic (an inner belief of doing good for others) or (b) extrinsic (earning some kind of reward from the act) motivational factors. Results: A total of 461 participants were included in the final analysis. Among respondents, 59% were women, 48% between 25 and 39 years of age, 37% worked within health care, and 66% had undergone post-secondary school. The most common way (44%) to learn about the lay responder system was from a CPR instructor. A majority (77%) had undergone CPR training at their workplace. In terms of motivation, where higher scores reflect greater importance to the participant, intrinsic factors scored highest, represented by the category values (mean 3.97) followed by extrinsic categories reciprocity (mean 3.88) and self-esteem (mean 3.22). Conclusion: This study indicates that motivation to join a first responder system mainly depends on intrinsic factors, i.e. an inner belief of doing good, but there are also extrinsic factors, such as earning some kind of reward from the act, to consider. Focusing information campaigns on intrinsic factors may be the most important factor for successful recruitment. When implementing a smartphone-based lay responder system, CPR instructors, as a main information source to potential lay responders, as well as the workplace, are crucial for successful recruitment.
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| 33. |
- James, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
The influence of aspirin on release of eoxin C4, leukotriene C4 and 15-HETE, in eosinophilic granulocytes isolated from patients with asthma
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Archives of Allergy and Immunology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1018-2438 .- 1423-0097. ; 162:2, s. 135-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The effect of aspirin on the release of key arachidonic acid metabolites in activated eosinophils from subjects with aspirin-intolerant asthma (AIA) has not been investigated previously, despite the characteristic eosinophilia in AIA. Methods: Peripheral blood eosinophils were isolated from four groups of subjects: healthy volunteers (HV; n = 8), mild asthma (MA; n = 8), severe asthma (SA; n = 9) and AIA (n = 7). In the absence or presence of lysine-aspirin, eosinophils were stimulated with arachidonic acid or calcium ionophore to trigger the 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LO) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) pathways, respectively. 15(S)-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) and eoxin C4 (EXC4) were measured as 15-LO products and leukotriene (LT)C4 as a product of the 5-LO pathway. Results: Activated eosinophils from patients with SA and AIA produced approximately five times more 15-HETE than eosinophils from HV or MA patients. In the presence of lysine-aspirin, eosinophils from AIA, MA and SA patients generated higher levels of 15-HETE than in the absence of lysine-aspirin. Furthermore, in the presence of lysine-aspirin, formation of EXC4 was also significantly increased in eosinophils from AIA patients, and LTC4 synthesis was increased both in AIA and SA patients. Conclusions: Taken together, this study shows an increased release of the recently discovered lipid mediator EXC4, as well as the main indicator of 15-LO activity, 15-HETE, in activated eosinophils from severe and aspirin-intolerant asthmatics, and also elevated EXC4 and LTC4 formation in eosinophils from AIA patients after cellular activation in the presence of lysine-aspirin. The findings support a pathophysiological role of the 15-LO pathway in SA and AIA.
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| 34. |
- Jelger, Pär, et al.
(författare)
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An in-fibre microcavity
- 2007
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Ingår i: Opt.InfoBase Conf. Papers. - NEW YORK : Optical Society of America. ; , s. 1233-1234
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel all-fiber spliced microcavity for chemical and biological optical studies is described. Its design allows coupling with low loss light from a fiber into a liquid or gas contained in a capillary or PCF.
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| 35. |
- Jensen, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Supply Chain Planning in Automotive Sector : Swedish Case Study
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the PLAN Research Conference. - Skövde : Logistikföreningen PLAN. - 9789197644440 ; , s. 53-72
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research aims to enhance current knowledge of supply chain planning (SCP) by analyzing the importance of collaboration, information exchange and a supporting information system in its successful execution. The issues are examined through a case study from international manufacturing company, Volvo Powertrain, which operates in automotive industry through its worldwide manufacturing network. This research reveals that collaboration is a complex and important issue of SCP, and occurs simultaneously in vertical and horizontal dimensions. It is important to select strategic partners and to develop structured work processes and routines. The main objective of collaboration is to determine common goals and objectives and to facilitate the exchange of information and these together drives the performance of a supply chain. A sufficient information system supporting the SCP is vital to facilitate collaboration, and information exchange between the different supply chain participants. However, currently in Volvo Powertrain quite many phases of SCP are completed without appropriate and integrated information systems and the process itself contains several manual phases. This study is explorative in nature and more empirical data, from similar and other research settings, is needed to further validate the findings. However, its empirical findings strengthen research discipline knowhow of SCP in global manufacturing companies. This research provides insight to managers and practitioners on how to coordinate operations planning and control (OPC) across organizations within the supply chain to enhance efficiency and effectiveness. The SCP procedures described in this research work also are valuable for Volvo Powertrain and other industrial actors to further develop processes to respond on competitive pressure. This research work empirically demonstrates, as very few before have done so, how OPC can be coordinated across the supply chain.
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| 36. |
- Laurell Lyne, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
-
Surface wrinkling : The phenomenon causing bees in bitumen
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Materials Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0022-2461 .- 1573-4803. ; 48:20, s. 6970-6976
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The so called "bee phenomenon" in bitumen has been investigated by means of AFM quantitative nanomechanical property mapping. Bees are a phenomenon that can be observed by topography measurements using AFM. The characteristic "bee" appearance comes from regions with alternating higher and lower bands in the surface topography of bitumen, which are surrounded by a flat area. The proposed mechanism for bee formation is phase separation and differential contraction during cooling from melt temperatures leading to wrinkling due to differences in the elastic modulus of the material phases. Using a laminate wrinkling model, the thickness of the bee laminate was calculated from the wavelengths and Young's moduli of the bee laminate and the matrix. It was found to vary between 70 and 140 nm for the five bitumen samples that contained significant amounts of wax.
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| 37. |
- Leander, John, et al.
(författare)
-
Digitaliseringens möjligheter och utmaningar inom förvaltning och underhållsplanering av broar : Förstudie
- 2020
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten behandlar digitalisering – att införa ny digital teknik – i förvaltningsverksamheten av broar. Omfattningen är en förstudie med syftet att identifiera behovet av framtida forskning för en långsiktig utveckling av broförvaltningen. En grundläggande ansats var att en digitalisering ska minska behovet av kostsamma underhållsåtgärder men bibehålla en hög säkerhet för våra broar.Projektets mål var att samla information om digitala informationsmodeller som skapas under investeringsskedet, utvärdera överlämningen av digitala modeller till förvaltningsskedet, och värdera den eventuella nyttan med digital informationsinsamling för tillståndsbedömning och underhållsplanering. En viktig del av detta var beskrivningen av dagens förvaltningssystem och hur det skulle kunna utvecklas.Studierna har bedrivits genom en enkätundersökning med respondenter från konsultfirmor aktiva inom broprojektering, intervjuer med tekniska experter och litteratursökningar.Resultatet visar att projekteringen av broar idag huvudsakligen görs genom byggnads-informationsmodellering (BIM). Inriktningen är mot byggskedet där samordning och kommunikation bedöms vara de största nyttorna. Överlämningen till förvaltningen består dock av relationsritningar i formen av enkla ritningsfiler. Trots att Trafikverkets strategi för BIM beskriver att en informationsmodell bör leva kvar under hela brons livslängd, finns det tveksamheter huruvida en modell från projekteringen är lämplig som förvaltningsmodell. Istället lyfts andra metoder fram för att skapa en modell av det byggda utförandet. Till exempel optiska metoder för skanning och fotogrammetri.Förvaltningssystemen bör utvecklas med funktioner för att lagra och tillgängliggöra stora mängder digital information från sensorer maskinella inspektioner. Syftet är att minska osäkerheterna i det byggda utförandet och graden av nedbrytning, för att slutligen skapa ett bättre underlag för beslut om åtgärder. Ett framtida scenario är en digital tvilling som speglar den verkliga konstruktionen och uppdateras kontinuerligt genom sensordata.Gällande hårdvara för mätningar behöver sensorer och system utvecklas med avseende på energiförbrukning, energiskördning och underhållsåtgärder, t.ex. genom kombinationer av utbytbara komponenter med kort livslängd och andra delar med lång livslängd. Fiberoptiska sensorer visar på lovande egenskaper men utveckling behövs för att göra dem mer kostnadseffektiva i relation till konventionella sensorer.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Lee, Chunsik, et al.
(författare)
-
Signal transduction in endothelial cells by the angiogenesis inhibitor histidine-rich glycoprotein targets focal adhesions
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Experimental Cell Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0014-4827 .- 1090-2422. ; 312:13, s. 2547-2556
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRGP) is an abundant heparin-binding plasma protein. We have shown that a fragment released from the central histidine/proline-rich (His/Pro-rich) domain of HRGP blocks endothelial cell migration in vitro and vascularization and growth of murine fibrosarcoma in vivo. The minimal active HRGP domain exerting the anti-angiogenic effect was recently narrowed down to a 35 amino acid peptide, HRGP330, derived from the His/Pro-rich domain of HRGP. By use of a signal transduction antibody array representing 400 different signal transduction molecules, we now show that HRGP and the synthetic peptide HRGP330 specifically induce tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase and its downstream substrate paxillin in endothelial cells. HRGP/HRGP330 treatment of endothelial cells induced disruption of actin stress fibers, a process reversed by treatment of cells with the FAK inhibitor geldanamycin. In addition, VEGF-mediated endothelial cell tubular morphogenesis in a three-dimensional collagen matrix was inhibited by HRGP and HRGP330. In contrast, VEGF-induced proliferation was not affected by HRGP or HRGP330, demonstrating the central role of cell migration during tube formation. In conclusion, our data show that HRGP targets focal adhesions in endothelial cells, thereby disrupting the cytoskeletal organization and the ability of endothelial cells to assemble into vessel structures.
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| 40. |
- Leyssner, Felix, et al.
(författare)
-
fs-IR laser point-by-point inscription of Fiber Bragg Gratings for a new generation of miniature sensors using novel 25μm diameter optical fibers
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Optics InfoBase Conference Papers. - : Optica Publishing Group (formerly OSA). - 9781557528209
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- fs-point-by-point through the coating written FBGs as a basis for novel sensor concepts using 25μm optical fiber. fs-point-by-point FBGs in novel single mode fiber with a cladding diameter of 25μm have been produced in fiber that is 5 times smaller than conventional telecommunication optical fiber. The development opens the path to new sensor types including miniature pressure sensors with a diameter of only 330μm (1Fr.). © 2022 The Author(s).
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| 41. |
- Lind, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
-
Jakt på papperslösa gör oss till en polisstat
- 2016
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Ingår i: Svenska Dagbladet. - : Svenska Dagbladet. - 1101-2412. ; :2016-10-04
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Regeringen föreslår nio åtgärder för att hitta och utvisa papperslösa. Det kommer att slå hårt och främst gå ut över redan svaga och jagade människor. Vi uppmanar därför regeringen att ta tillbaka åtgärderna, skriver 43 forskare.
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| 42. |
- Lindblom, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Flexible Liquid-Filled Scintillating Fibers for X-Ray Detection
- 2023
-
Ingår i: 2023 IEEE SENSORS, SENSORS 2023 - Conference Proceedings. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the design and fabrication of flexible, liquid-filled scintillating fibers for X-ray detection made from silica fibers and silica capillaries. The scintillating fibers were characterized using ultraviolet light exposure and we also performed an experiment demonstrating X-ray detection.
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| 43. |
- Lindblom, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Refractory Lining Health Monitoring Based on Raman Optical Time Domain Reflectometry
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - : SPIE. - 9781510665002
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A fiber optic health-monitoring system for refractory lining in steel-making processes is presented. Its applicability as an early-warning system for lining damage is demonstrated by the results obtained in a field trial, in which 240 m of fiber was embedded in the lining of an electric arc furnace. The system is based on Raman distributed sensing and polyimide coated fibers in metal tube. The results presented from temperature cycling and calibration at temperatures up to 600 °C show that adequate accuracy and stability for the application can be attained.
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| 44. |
- Méndez, Alexis, et al.
(författare)
-
Packaging process of fiber Bragg grating strain sensors for use in high-temperature applications
- 2005
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we report the development of a new bonding agent and method for the surface mounting of optical fiber Bragg grating (FBG) strain and temperature sensors for use in high temperature environments--where there is a presence of water, moisture, dust, susceptibility to corrosion and/or elevated temperatures up to 800°C. To ensure a stable reflectivity response of FBGs and their survival at elevated temperatures, we are using chemical composition gratings (CCGs). The refractive index modulation in these gratings is caused by a chemical change, which results in a higher activation energy and stable behavior up to 1000°C. Samples of CCGs were successfully encapsulated and mounted onto metal shims. The packaged sensors were tested for strain (+/- 1000με) and temperature (to +400 °C) response. The encapsulated sensors display a linear response with an increase in the temperature sensitivity of the FBG, with a factor of ~ 28.34pm/°C, and a strain gauge factor of 1.7pm/με.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Nilsdotter-Augustinsson, Åsa, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
-
Adherence of Staphylococcus epidermidis to extracellular matrix proteins and effects of fibrinogen-bound bacteria on oxidase activity and apoptosis in neutrophils
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica (APMIS). - : Wiley. - 0903-4641 .- 1600-0463. ; 113:5, s. 361-373
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Staphylococcus epidermidis often causes foreign-body infections such as those associated with hip prostheses, but the underlying pathogenic mechanisms are not fully understood. We performed spectrophotometry to study the ability of S. epidermidis to bind to immobilised fibrinogen, fibronectin, vitronectin, and collagen. The strains were isolated from infected hip prostheses or from normal flora and the well-known protein-binding strain Staphylococcus aureus Cowan was used as positive control. We also analysed the interaction between neutrophils and a fibrinogen-bound prosthesis-derived strain of S. epidermidisby measuring chemiluminescence to determine the neutrophil oxidative response and binding of annexin V to indicate neutrophil apoptosis. We found that binding of S. epidermidis to extracellular matrix proteins varied under different growth conditions, and that prosthesis isolates adhered better to vitronectin than did strains from normal flora. The oxidative response caused by fibrinogen-bound S. epidermidis was not above the background level, which was in marked contrast to the distinct response induced by fibrinogen-associated S. aureus Cowan. Furthermore, fibrinogen-adhering S. epidermidis retarded neutrophil apoptosis. We conclude that surface-bound S. epidermidis induces only a weak inflammatory response, which in combination with the ability of the adherent bacteria to retard neutrophil apoptosis may contribute to low-grade inflammation and loosening of prostheses.
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| 47. |
- Nilsson, L. -E, et al.
(författare)
-
Specialty Single-Mode Fibers
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Specialty Optical Fibers Handbook. - : Elsevier. - 9780123694065 ; , s. 165-193
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter provides an overview of unusual multifunctional, specialty single-mode fibers-macrohole fibers, multicore fibers, fibers with internal electrodes, and fibers for high-temperature resistant fiber Bragg gratings. Macrohole fibers belong to the group of microstructured fibers, which encompass a wide variety of fibers with air holes or other structures extending in the axial direction. Functions performed using macrostructured fibers include supercontinuum generation in tapered hole fibers, dispersion management, fibers with decreased bend loss for compact optical fiber wiring, and fibers for polarimetric sensing, and lasers. The introduction of materials in the holes adds the possibility of manipulating the guiding properties of the fiber. This can be achieved by interaction of the guided mode with actively controllable materials in the holes or by using the inserted materials for other active functions, such as a metal electrode to implement electro-optic control of the fiber. The proposed applications for multicore fibers span over lasers and amplifiers, transport fibers for broadband communications, passive, and active fiber optic components such as filters, multiplexers, and various kinds of sensors. The ultimate multicore fiber is the image fiber used in endoscopes and other such devices.
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| 48. |
- Pereira, Joao, et al.
(författare)
-
Optical poling by means of electrical corona discharge
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Optics Express. - : Optica Publishing Group. - 1094-4087. ; 30:12, s. 20605-20613
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrical corona discharge is employed in this work to deposit ions on the surface of an optical fiber, creating a strong electric field that is used for poling. Green laser light propagating in the core frees photocarriers that are displaced by the poling field. The technique presented can induce a higher optical nonlinearity than previously obtained in traditional optical poling with internal metal electrodes. To date, a maximum second order nonlinearity 0.13 pm/V has been achieved for a 15 kV corona discharge bias.
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| 49. |
- Pereira, Joao, et al.
(författare)
-
Optical poling by means of electrical corona discharge
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Optics Express. - : Optica Publishing Group (formerly OSA). - 1094-4087. ; 30:12, s. 20605-20613
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrical corona discharge is employed in this work to deposit ions on the surface of an optical fiber, creating a strong electric field that is used for poling. Green laser light propagating in the core frees photocarriers that are displaced by the poling field. The technique presented can induce a higher optical nonlinearity than previously obtained in traditional optical poling with internal metal electrodes. To date, a maximum second order nonlinearity 0.13 pm/V has been achieved for a 15 kV corona discharge bias.
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| 50. |
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