| 1. |
- Gustavsson, Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
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Chapter 15 – The VISIR Open Lab Platform
- 2011
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Ingår i: InternetAccessible Remote Laboratories. - : IGI Global. - 9781613501863 - 9781613501870 ; , s. 294-317
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The VISIR Open Lab Platform designed at the Department of Electrical Engineering (AET), the Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH), Sweden, is a platform for opening instructional laboratories for remote access 24/7 with preserved context. VISIR is an acronym for Virtual Instrument Systems in Reality. In VISIR laboratories, students perform physical experiments and laboratory work remotely. A unique interface gives them the feeling of “being there.” The platform software is published under a GPL license, and other universities, schools, et cetera, are invited use it to open their laboratories and to participate in further research and development. Apart from BTH, five universities in Europe have set up VISIR online laboratories for electrical experiments and the Indian Institute of Technology Madras in India will set up one soon. A VISIR community has been established. Common projects are initiated, and the sharing of learning material is being discussed. This chapter is a general introduction to VISIR and its possibilities.
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| 2. |
- Gustavsson, Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
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The VISIR Open Lab Platform
- 2011
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Ingår i: Internet Accessible Remote Laboratories. - : IGI Global. - 9781613501863 ; , s. 294-317
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The VISIR Open Lab Platform designed at the Department of Electrical Engineering (AET), the Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH), Sweden, is a platform for opening instructional laboratories for remote access 24/7 with preserved context. VISIR is an acronym for Virtual Instrument Systems in Reality. In VISIR laboratories, students perform physical experiments and laboratory work remotely. A unique interface gives them the feeling of “being there.” The platform software is published under a GPL license, and other universities, schools, etc., are invited use it to open their laboratories and to participate in further research and development. Apart from BTH, five universities in Europe have set up VISIR online laboratories for electrical experiments and the Indian Institute of Technology Madras in India will set up one soon. A VISIR community has been established. Common projects are initiated, and the sharing of learning material is being discussed. This chapter is a general introduction to VISIR and its possibilities.
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| 3. |
- Llona-Minguez, Sabin, et al.
(författare)
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Discovery of the First Potent and Selective Inhibitors of Human dCTP Pyrophosphatase 1
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-2623 .- 1520-4804. ; 59:3, s. 1140-1148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The dCTPase pyrophosphatase 1 (dCTPase) regulates the intracellular nucleotide pool through hydrolytic degradation of canonical and noncanonical nucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs). dCTPase is highly expressed in multiple carcinomas and is associated with cancer cell sternness. Here we report on the development of the first potent and selective dCTPase inhibitors that enhance the cytotoxic effect of cytidine analogues in leukemia cells. Boronate 30 displays a promising in vitro ADME profile, including plasma and mouse microsomal half-lives, aqueous solubility, cell permeability and CYP inhibition, deeming it a suitable compound for in vivo studies.
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| 4. |
- Pelcman, Benjamin, et al.
(författare)
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3-Substituted pyrazoles and 4-substituted triazoles as inhibitors of human 15-lipoxygenase-1
- 2015
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Ingår i: Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-894X .- 1464-3405. ; 25:15, s. 3024-3029
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Investigation of 1N-substituted pyrazole-3-carboxanilides as 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) inhibitors demonstrated that the 1N-substituent was not essential for activity or selectivity. Additional halogen substituents on the pyrazole ring, however, increased activity. Further development led to triazole-4-carboxanilides and 2-(3-pyrazolyl) benzoxazoles, which are potent and selective 15-LOX-1 inhibitors.
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| 5. |
- Tisch, Nathalie, et al.
(författare)
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Caspase-8 modulates physiological and pathological angiogenesis during retina development
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Investigation. - : AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC. - 0021-9738 .- 1558-8238. ; 129:12, s. 5092-5107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During developmental angiogenesis, blood vessels grow and remodel to ultimately build a hierarchical vascular network. Whether, how, cell death signaling molecules contribute to blood vessel formation is still not well understood. Caspase-8 (Casp-8), a key protease in the extrinsic cell death-signaling pathway, regulates cell death via both apoptosis and necroptosis. Here, we show that expression of Casp-8 in endothelial cells (ECs) is required for proper postnatal retina angiogenesis. EC-specific Casp-8-KO pups (Casp-8(ECKO)) showed reduced retina angiogenesis, as the loss of Casp-8 reduced EC proliferation, sprouting, and migration independently of its cell death function. Instead, the loss of Casp-8 caused hyperactivation of p38 MAPK downstream of receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) and destabilization of vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) at EC junctions. In a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) resembling retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), loss of Casp-8 in ECs was beneficial, as pathological neovascularization was reduced in Casp-8ECKO pups. Taking these data together, we show that Casp-8 acts in a cell death-independent manner in ECs to regulate the formation of the retina vasculature and that Casp-8 in ECs is mechanistically involved in the pathophysiology of ROP.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Gerhard, et al.
(författare)
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Randomised controlled non-inferiority trial with 3-year follow-up of internet-delivered versus face-to-face group cognitive behavioural therapy for depression
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Affective Disorders. - : Elsevier. - 0165-0327 .- 1573-2517. ; 151:3, s. 986-994
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Guided internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) has been found to be effective in the treatment of mild to moderate depression, but there have been no direct comparisons with the more established group-based CBT with a long-term follow-up. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethod: Participants with mild to moderate depression were recruited from the general population and randomized to either guided ICBT (n =33) or to live group treatment (n=36). Measures were completed before and after the intervention to assess depression, anxiety, and quality of life. Follow-ups were conducted at one-year and three-year after the treatment had ended. Results: Data were analysed on an intention-to-treat basis using linear mixed-effects regression analysis. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults on the self-rated version of the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale showed significant improvements in both groups across time indicating non-inferiority of guided ICBT, and there was even a tendency for the guided ICBT group to be superior to group-based CBT at three year follow-up. Within-group effect sizes for the ICBT condition at post treatment showed a Cohens d=1.46, with a similar large effect at 3-year follow-up, d=1.78. For the group CBT the corresponding within group effects were d =0.99 and d=1.34, respectively. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanLimitations: The study was small with two active treatments and there was no placebo or credible control condition. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusions: Guided ICBT is at least as effective as group based CBT and long-term effects can be sustained up to 3 years after treatment.
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| 8. |
- Andrén, Linus, et al.
(författare)
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Piezo Ceramic Actuators versus High Magnetostrictive Actuators in the Active control of Tool Vibration
- 1999
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the turning operation chatter or vibration is a frequent problem, which affects the result of the machining, and, in particular, the surface finish. Tool life is also influenced by vibration. Severe acoustic noise in the working environment frequently occurs as a result of dynamic motion between the cutting tool and the workpiece. These problems can be reduced by active control of machine-tool vibration. In the active control system for the control of tool vibration a tool holder construction with integrated high magnetostrictive actuators was used. However, high magnetostrictive actuators generally have a non-linear behavior and it is a well known fact that non-linear properties in the forward path in an active control system is likely to degrade the robustness of the control system. A new generation embedded active tool holder shanks based on piezo ceramic actuators has been developed. Based on spectrum estimates, both coherence spectrum and frequency response function estimates has been calculated for both the old tool holder construction and the new generation active tool holder shank. From the results it follows that the phase delay is smaller and the linearity of the new generation active tool holder shank are superior compared to the old technology. The physical features and properties of the new generation active tool holders are superior to the old tool holder.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Bylow, Helene, et al.
(författare)
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Effectiveness of web-based education in addition to basic life support learning activities : A cluster randomised controlled trial.
- 2019
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 14:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Effective education in basic life support (BLS) may improve the early initiation of high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillation (CPR-AED).AIM: To compare the learning outcome in terms of practical skills and knowledge of BLS after participating in learning activities related to BLS, with and without web-based education in cardiovascular diseases (CVD).METHODS: Laymen (n = 2,623) were cluster randomised to either BLS education or to web-based education in CVD before BLS training. The participants were assessed by a questionnaire for theoretical knowledge and then by a simulated scenario for practical skills. The total score for practical skills in BLS six months after training was the primary outcome. The total score for practical skills directly after training, separate variables and self-assessed knowledge, confidence and willingness, directly and six months after training, were the secondary outcomes.RESULTS: BLS with web-based education was more effective than BLS without web-based education and obtained a statistically significant higher total score for practical skills at six months (mean 58.8, SD 5.0 vs mean 58.0, SD 5.0; p = 0.03) and directly after training (mean 59.6, SD 4.8 vs mean 58.7, SD 4.9; p = 0.004).CONCLUSION: A web-based education in CVD in addition to BLS training enhanced the learning outcome with a statistically significant higher total score for performed practical skills in BLS as compared to BLS training alone. However, in terms of the outcomes, the differences were minor, and the clinical relevance of our findings has a limited practical impact.
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| 12. |
- Bylow, H., et al.
(författare)
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Learning Outcome After Different Combinations of Seven Learning Activities in Basic Life Support on Laypersons in Workplaces : a Cluster Randomised, Controlled Trial
- 2021
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Ingår i: Medical Science Educator. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2156-8650. ; 31:1, s. 161-173
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The goal for laypersons after training in basic life support (BLS) is to act effectively in an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest situation. However, it is still unclear whether BLS training targeting laypersons at workplaces is optimal or whether other effective learning activities are possible.Aim: The primary aim was to evaluate whether there were other modes of BLS training that improved learning outcome as compared with a control group, i.e. standard BLS training, six months after training, and secondarily directly after training.Methods: In this multi-arm trial, lay participants (n = 2623) from workplaces were cluster randomised into 16 different BLS interventions, of which one, instructor-led and film-based BLS training, was classified as control and standard, with which the other 15 were compared. The learning outcome was the total score for practical skills in BLS calculated using the modified Cardiff Test.Results: Four different training modes showed a significantly higher total score compared with standard (mean difference 2.3–2.9). The highest score was for the BLS intervention including a preparatory web-based education, instructor-led training, film-based instructions, reflective questions and a chest compression feedback device (95% CI for difference 0.9–5.0), 6 months after training.Conclusion: BLS training adding several different combinations of a preparatory web-based education, reflective questions and chest compression feedback to instructor-led training and film-based instructions obtained higher modified Cardiff Test total scores 6 months after training compared with standard BLS training alone. The differences were small in magnitude and the clinical relevance of our findings needs to be further explored.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03618888. Registered August 07, 2018—Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03618888 © 2020, The Author(s).
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| 13. |
- Bylow, Helene, et al.
(författare)
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Self-learning training versus instructor-led training for basic life support : A cluster randomised trial.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 139, s. 122-132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To compare the effectiveness of two basic life support (BLS) training interventions.METHODS: This experimental trial enrolled 1301 lay people in BLS training. The participants were cluster randomised to either self-learning training or to traditional instructor-led training. Both groups used the Mini-Anne Kit (Laerdal Medical, Stavanger, Norway) and standardised film instructions. After training, the participants practical skills were measured on a Resusci Anne manikin and an AED trainer with the PC SkillReporting system (Laerdal Medical, Stavanger, Norway). The primary outcome was the total score from the modified Cardiff Test of basic life support with automated external defibrillation (19-70 points), six months after training. The secondary outcomes were total score directly after training and quality of individual variables, self-assessed knowledge, confidence and willingness to act, directly and six months after training.RESULTS: For primary outcome six months after training there was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.44) between the total score for the self-learning group (n = 670; median 59, IQR 55-62) compared with the instructor-led group (n = 561; median 59, IQR 55-63). The instructor-led training resulted in a statistically significant higher total score (median 61 versus 59, p < 0.0001), self-assessed knowledge and willingness to act, directly after training (secondary outcomes) compared with the self-learning training.CONCLUSIONS: There was no statistically significant difference in practical skills or willingness to act when comparing self-learning training with instructor-led training six months after training in BLS. However, directly after the intervention, practical skills were better when the training was led by an instructor.
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| 14. |
- Bylow, Helene, et al.
(författare)
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Supplementary dataset to self-learning training compared with instructor-led training in basic life support.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Data in Brief. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-3409. ; 25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we present supplementary data to the article entitled "Self-learning training versus instructor-led training in basic life support: a cluster randomised trial" [1]. In three supplementary files, we present the informed consent of the included participants, the modified instrument to calculate the total score for practical skills called "the Cardiff Test of basic life support and automated external defibrillation" and the questionnaire to obtain background factors, theoretical knowledge, self-assessed knowledge and confidence and willingness to act, distributed directly after training and six months after training. The results of comparisons between "directly after intervention" and "six months after intervention", for each training group separately, are presented in three tables. We also present two tables showing the reasons why the participants were not prepared to perform compressions and/or ventilations in the event of a sudden out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
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| 15. |
- Chang, J., et al.
(författare)
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Anisotropic breakdown of Fermi liquid quasiparticle excitations in overdoped La2-xSrxCuO4
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 4, s. 2559-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-temperature superconductivity emerges from an un-conventional metallic state. This has stimulated strong efforts to understand exactly how Fermi liquids breakdown and evolve into an un-conventional metal. A fundamental question is how Fermi liquid quasiparticle excitations break down in momentum space. Here we show, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, that the Fermi liquid quasiparticle excitations of the overdoped superconducting cuprate La1.77Sr0.23CuO4 is highly anisotropic in momentum space. The quasiparticle scattering and residue behave differently along the Fermi surface and hence the Kadowaki-Wood's relation is not obeyed. This kind of Fermi liquid breakdown may apply to a wide range of strongly correlated metal systems where spin fluctuations are present.
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| 16. |
- Chang, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Anisotropic quasiparticle scattering rates in slightly underdoped to optimally doped high-temperature La2-xSrxCuO4 superconductors
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 78:20, s. 205103-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An angle-resolved photoemission study of the scattering rate in the superconducting phase of the high-temperature superconductor La2-xSrxCuO4 with x=0.145 and x=0.17, as a function of binding energy and momentum, is presented. We observe that the scattering rate scales linearly with binding energy up to the high-energy scale E-1 similar to 0.4 eV. The scattering rate is found to be strongly anisotropic, with a minimum along the (0,0)-(pi,pi) direction. A possible connection to a quantum-critical point is discussed.
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| 17. |
- Chang, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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When low- and high-energy electronic responses meet in cuprate superconductors
- 2007
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 75:22, s. 224508-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The existence of coherent quasiparticles near the Fermi energy in the low-temperature state of high-temperature superconductors has been well established by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). We present a study of La1.83Sr0.17CuO4 in the superconducting state and report an abrupt change in the quasiparticle spectral function, as we follow the dispersion of the ARPES signal from the Fermi energy to 0.6 eV. The interruption in the quasiparticle dispersion separates coherent quasiparticle peaks at low energies from broad incoherent excitations at high energies. We find that the boundary between these low-energy and high-energy features exhibits a cosine-shaped momentum dependence, reminiscent of the superconducting d-wave gap. Further intriguing similarities between characteristics of the incoherent excitations and quasiparticle properties suggest a close relation between the electronic response at high and low energies in cuprate superconductors.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Claesson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Delay and performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in surf lifeguards after simulated cardiac arrest due to drowning.
- 2011
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Ingår i: American Journal of Emergency Medicine. - : W.B. Saunders Co.. - 0735-6757 .- 1532-8171. ; 29:9, s. 1044-1050
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract PURPOSE: To describe time delay during surf rescue and compare the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) before and after exertion in surf lifeguards. METHODS: A total of 40 surf lifeguards at the Tylösand Surf Lifesaving Club in Sweden (65% men; age, 19-43 years) performed single-rescuer CPR for 10 minutes on a Laerdal SkillmeteÔ Resusci Anne manikin. The test was repeated with an initial simulated surf rescue on an unconscious 80-kg victim 100 m from the shore. The time to victim, to first ventilation, and to the start of CPR was documented. RESULTS: The mean time in seconds to the start of ventilations in the water was 155 ± 31 (mean ± SD) and to the start of CPR, 258 ± 44. Men were significantly faster during rescue (mean difference, 43 seconds) than women (P = .002). The mean compression depth (millimeters) at rest decreased significantly from 0-2 minutes (42.6 ± 7.8) to 8-10 minutes (40.8 ± 9.3; P = .02). The mean compression depth after exertion decreased significantly (44.2 ± 8.7 at 0-2 minutes to 41.5 ± 9.1 at 8-10 minutes; P = .0008). The compression rate per minute decreased after rescue from 117.2 ±14.3 at 0 to 2 minutes to 114.1 ± 16.1 after 8 to 10 minutes (P = .002). The percentage of correct compressions at 8 to 10 minutes was identical before and after rescue (62%). CONCLUSION: In a simulated drowning, 100 m from shore, it took twice as long to bring the patient back to shore as to reach him; and men were significantly faster. Half the participants delivered continuous chest compressions of more than 38 mm during 10 minutes of single-rescuer CPR. The quality was identical before and after surf rescue. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 20. |
- Claesson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Simulation and education Outline and validation of a new dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation educational bundle using the Delphi method
- 2024
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Ingår i: Resuscitation Plus. - : ELSEVIER. - 2666-5204. ; 17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DA-CPR) is time-dependent. To date, evidence-based training programmes for dispatchers are lacking. This study aimed to reach expert consensus on an educational bundle content for dispatchers to provide DA-CPR using the Delphi Method: An educational bundle was created by the Swedish Resuscitation Council consisting of three parts: e-learning on DA-CPR, basic life support training and audit of emergency out-of-hospital cardiac arrest calls. Thereafter, a two-round modified Delphi study was conducted between November 2022 and March 2023; 37 experts with broad clinical and/or scientific knowledge of DA-CPR were invited. In the first round, the experts participated in the e-learning module and answered a questionnaire with 13 closed and open questions, whereafter the e-learning part of the bundle was revised. In the second round, the revised e-learning part was evaluated using Likert scores (20 items). The predefined consensus level was set Results: Delphi rounds one and two were assessed by 20 and 18 of the invited experts, respectively. In round one, 18 experts (18 of 20, 90%) stated that they did not miss any content in the programme. In round two, the scale-level content validity index based on the average method (S-CVI/AVE, 0.99) and scale-level content validity index based on universal agreement (S-CVI/UA, 0.85) exceeded the threshold level of 80%. Conclusion: Expert consensus on the educational bundle content was reached using the Delphi method. Further work is required to evaluate its effect in real-world out-of-hospital cardiac arrest calls.
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| 21. |
- Claesson, B, et al.
(författare)
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Biliary microflora in acute cholecystitis and the clinical implications
- 1984
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Ingår i: Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica. - 0001-5482. ; 150:3, s. 229-237
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A prospective bacteriologic investigation was made in 43 consecutive patients (mean age 63 years) operated on for acute cholecystitis. Gallbladder bile and wall were cultured, using four methods and with special attention to optimal anaerobic technique. Cultures were positive in 72% of the patients, yielding a wide variety of species (21 species among 48 isolates). Anaerobes constituted 23% of the isolates. Cultures from gallbladder bile and from gallbladder wall gave almost identical results, as did sampling at the beginning and at the end of cholecystectomy. Bactibilia was found in all patients operated on within 48 hours after the onset of symptoms. Bactibilia and postoperative septic complications showed statistically significant correlation with high patient age. Bactibilia and gallbladder gangrene were significantly correlated with preoperative temperature greater than 38.5 degrees C. There was coincidence of strains isolated from local wound sepsis and from peroperatively sampled gallbladder bile. Adequate preoperative or peroperative antibiotic therapy according to susceptibility testing was associated with significantly reduced rate of postoperative septic complications. The study indicates that bacteria are present early in the course of acute cholecystitis and that they are causally important for postoperative morbidity and mortality.
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| 22. |
- Claesson, B E, et al.
(författare)
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Microflora of the gallbladder related to duration of acute cholecystitis
- 1986
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Ingår i: Surgery Gynecology and Obstetrics. - 0039-6087. ; 162:6, s. 531-535
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The microflora of the bile and wall of the gallbladder was prospectively investigated in 104 nonselected consecutive patients treated with early cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis after an average hospital stay of 1.8 days. The chief purpose was to relate the findings of cultures to duration of the illness. Special attention was paid to anaerobic isolation techniques. The cultures yielded 107 strains, representing 36 species, with overall agreement between four different sampling procedures. Aerobic gram-negative rods predominated, followed by streptococci and anaerobes (48, 31 and 15 per cent, respectively). The incidence of positive culture results (always greater than or equal to 10(6) colon forming units per milliliter) was 81 per cent among the patients who underwent operation within two days from the onset of symptoms and 50 to 65 per cent after longer preoperative intervals. The shorter interval was significantly more often associated with growth solely of anaerobes (p = 0.03). Postoperative sepsis was caused by biliary bacteria and not related to preoperative duration of illness. Appropriate perioperative antibiotic coverage significantly reduced sepsis--3 versus 20 per cent (p = 0.05).
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| 23. |
- Claesson, B E, et al.
(författare)
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Selective cefuroxime prophylaxis following colorectal surgery based on intra-operative dipslide culture
- 1986
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Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2168 .- 0007-1323. ; 73:12, s. 953-957
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concept of a very limited effective period for prophylactic antibiotic action was challenged in a prospective, controlled and randomized study featuring a simplified method for assessing the degree of contamination in the operative field during colorectal surgery. The 226 patients were given 1 g metronidazole IV on induction of anaesthesia and 12 h postoperatively. Following standardized saline irrigation of the abdominal cavity, a uriculture dipslide was dipped in the residual fluid just before abdominal closure. The dipslide was incubated for 18 h, and colony counts of coliforms and Staphylococcus aureus were made. The number of colony-forming units (CFU) was classified as 0, 1-4 or greater than or equal to 5 (n = 123, 33 and 70). The patients with CFU greater than or equal to 5 were randomized to receive cefuroxime (1.5 g IV/8 h for 2 days) or no more antibiotics. In the patients given only metronidazole, the incidence of postoperative infections rose with the colony counts (5.7, 9.1 and 41.2 per cent with CFU 0, 1-4 and greater than or equal to 5). Addition of cefuroxime reduced the 41.2 per cent infection rate to 8.3 per cent (P = 0.003). The method thus identified a high-risk group in which a short postoperative course of cefuroxime significantly lowered the rate of sepsis.
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| 24. |
- Claesson, Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
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Device and a method for preventing or reducing vibrations in a cutting tool
- 2007
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Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- An arrangement for reducing vibrations in a tool holder (4) with a cutting tool (3) and has a vibration sensor on the tool holder (4) that is connected to a guide unit (11). The tool holder (4) has further two piezo-electric actuators 14 and 15.Under the influence of the vibration sensor (9), the guide unit (11) provides an electric alternating current that is actively guided over time so that the actuators movably affect the tool holder (4) to reduce the vibrations in this. To also be able to dampen transients in the tool holder (4) this is movably connected with a passive dampening arrangement that is independent of the guide unit (11) and that is based on the principle of a springing (8) suspended mass (7). The invention also relates to a method for reducing vibrations. The vibrations in the tool holder are sensed and a corresponding signal is provided to a guide unit that over time provides actively guided signals to the actuators. The tool holder is also passively influenced by a dampening arrangement that is independent of the guide unit.
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| 25. |
- Claesson, Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
-
Method and a device for vibration control
- 2004
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Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- A device for vibration control in a machine for internal turning uses a cutting tool supported by a tool holder, and has a control unit, a vibration sensor connectible to the control unit, and an actuator connectible to the control unit. The actuator has an active element, which converts an A.C. voltage supplied by the control unit to the actuator into dimensional changes. The active element is adapted to be embedded in the body of the tool holder, and is adapted to be embedded in such a manner that the dimensional changes impart bending to the body of the tool holder. A method for vibration control in internal turning and a tool holder for internal turning are provided.
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| 26. |
- Claesson, Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
-
Method and device for controlling a turning operation
- 2005
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Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- A device increases the surface smoothness of a turned surface. The device comprising a control system with a control unit and an actuator connectible to the control unit and connectible with a tool holder. The actuator in adapted to impart a vibrating motion in the lateral direction to the tool holder. A method will also increase the surface smoothness of a turned surface, comprising the step of controlling the vibrations of the tool holder during turning. The method also comprises the step of imparting a vibrating motion in the lateral direction to the tool holder. Moreover, a turning lathe and a turning tool holder which like the device are designed to generate vibrating motion in the lateral direction.
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| 27. |
- Claesson, Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
-
Method and device for vibration control
- 2008
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Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- A device and method for vibration control in a machine for cutting, said machine comprising a cutting tool supported by a tool holder. The device comprises a control unit and converting means which are connectible to the control unit and comprise a vibration sensor and an actuator. The actuator comprises an active element which converts an A.C. voltage supplied by the control unit to the actuator into dimensional changes. Said active element is adapted to be embedded in the body of the tool holder and in such manner that said dimensional changes impart bending to the body of the tool holder.
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| 28. |
- Claesson, Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
-
Robust Control of Machine-Tool Vibration in a Lathe
- 1999
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the turning operation the relative dynamic motion between cutting tool and workpiece, or vibration, is a frequent problem, which affects the result of the machining, and, in particular, the surface finish. Tool life is also influenced by vibration. Severe acoustic noise in the working environment frequently occurs as a result of dynamic motion between the cutting tool and the workpiece. These problems can be reduced substantially by active control of the machine-tool vibration. Adaptive feedback control based on the filtered-x LMS-algorithm, enables a reduction of the vibration by up to 40 dB at 1.5 kHz and by approximately 40 dB at 3 kHz. The active control performeds a broadband attenuation of the sound pressure level by up to 35 dB. However, the process of machining a workpiece usually involves a variety of cutting data which in turn are likely to cause substantial variations in the spectral properties of the tool vibrations. Hence, variations in the spectral properties originates from changes in the excitation of the tool holder and changes in the structural response of the tool holder. To handle the potential large variations in the spectral properties of tool vibration in the turning operation the robustness of the control system has to be improved. By applying the leaky version of the filtered-x LMS algorithm in the active control of machine tool vibration it was found that the robustness of the adaptive control system was improved substantially to large variations in the spectral properties of tool vibration.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Claesson, Lisbeth, 1955, et al.
(författare)
-
Cognitive impairment after stroke - impact on activities of daily living and costs of care for elderly people. The Göteborg 70+ Stroke Study.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland). - : S. Karger AG. - 1015-9770 .- 1421-9786. ; 19:2, s. 102-9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The economic burden of stroke is substantial and is likely to increase with an increasing number of elderly individuals in the population. There is thus a need for information on the use of health care resources and costs among these elderly stroke patients. We examined the impact of the cognitive impairments on the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) and utilization and costs of health care in a cohort of elderly stroke patients. METHODS: One hundred and forty-nine patients aged >/=70 years with acute stroke were included. The patients were assessed regarding their ability to carry out ADL and health resource utilization and cost during the first year after stroke. Cognitive impairments were assessed 18 months after the index stroke. RESULTS: Stroke severity in acute stroke and cognitive impairment at 18 months after stroke onset was associated with impairment in ADL and increased costs for utilisation of care during the first year. Patients with cognitive impairment were more dependent on personal assistance in ADL. Costs per patient during the study were three times higher for patients with cognitive impairment. Hospital care, institutional living and different kinds of support from society accounted for the highest costs. CONCLUSIONS: Costs of care utilisation during the first year after stroke were associated with cognitive impairments, stroke severity and dependence in ADL. The results should be interpreted cautiously as the assessment of cognitive function was made 18 months after stroke onset and costs were estimated for the first year after stroke.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Claesson, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
-
Angle Resolved Photoemission from Nd(1.85)Ce(0.15)CuO(4) using High Energy Photons : A Fermi Surface Investigation
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 93:13, s. 136402-1-136402-4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have performed an angle resolved photoemission study on a single crystal of the optimally electron doped (n-type) cuprate superconductor Nd2-xCexCuO4 (x=0.15) at a photon energy of 400 eV. The Fermi surface is mapped out and is, in agreement with earlier measurements, of hole-type with the expected Luttinger volume. However, comparing with previous low energy measurements, we observe a different Fermi surface shape and a different distribution of spectral intensity around the Fermi surface contour. The observed Fermi surface shape indicates a stronger electron correlation in the bulk as compared to the surface.
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| 34. |
- Claesson, Thomas, 1976-
(författare)
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Investigations of Transition Metal Systems : Angle-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy at Low and High Energy
- 2007
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The work presented in this thesis aims at achieving an increased understanding of the electronic structure of materials whose properties are to a large extent governed by transition metals. All studies are based on data from angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) employed on the valence band of the studied systems. In some cases spectroscopic data have also been combined with numerical electronic structure studies performed using a density functional theory computer code. Five of the studies make extensive use of the benefits provided by performing angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy at high photon energies. When probed with soft x-ray photons, the near Fermi edge distribution of spectral weight in Nd2-xCexCuO4 and La2-x-yNdySrxCuO4 display significant differences as compared to similar studies performed in the 20-100 eV range of photon energies. This effect can be attributed to the approximate two-fold increase in probing depth as compared to the low photon energy case. However, high photon energies not only give increased probing depth, it also enables a straightforward interpretation of ARPES data from fully three-dimensional compounds in terms of valence band energy dispersion. This principle has been used to study the dispersions in the transition metal oxides CoO and Cu2O as well as in a proof-of-principle study, where copper was used as a test case. CoO exhibits a magnetic phase transition at the Néel temperature, from a paramagnetic state into an antiferromagnetically ordered state. The presented data show a significant shift of spectral weight between different band structure regions as the sample temperature is elevated across the Néel temperature. The Cu2O ARPES data have confirmed the existence of a hybridized Cu 3d - Cu 4s state. Through comparision with theoretically calculated results, a refined value of the Hubbard potential U has been determined. An extensive ARPES dataset from copper, covering the entire Brillouin zone, has in a proof-of-principle study been used to derive the binding-energy resolved valence band charge density. Two ARPES studies of the La2-x-yNdySrxCuO4 system have been performed in the cnventional low photon energy range. The high energy resolution has enabled a detailed study of dispersive features in the near Fermil level region of the valence band.
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| 35. |
- Claesson, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
-
The electronic structure of La(1.48)Nd(0.4)Sr(0.12)CuO(4) probed by high- and low-energy angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy : Evolution with probing depth
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Physical Review B Condensed Matter. - 0163-1829 .- 1095-3795. ; 80:9, s. 094503-1-094503-6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy data probing the electronic structure of the Nd-substituted high-T-c cuprate La1.48Nd0.4Sr0.12CuO4. Data have been acquired at low and high photon energies, h nu=55 and 500 eV, respectively. The two extracted Fermi surfaces show significant differences. The differences can be attributed to either the change in probing depth suggesting dissimilarity of the intrinsic electronic structure between surface and bulk regions, or a considerable c-axis dispersion signaling a strong interlayer coupling. At both photon energies, considerable spectral weight is observed at all points along the Fermi surface and the intensity distribution as well as Fermi-surface shape observed at low as well as high photon energy is markedly different from what has been previously reported for La1.28Nd0.6Sr0.12CuO4 by Zhou [Science 286, 268 (1999)]. Document Type: Article
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Ederth, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
-
Force measurements between semifluorinated thiolate self-assembled monolayers : Long-range hydrophobic interactions and surface charge
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 235:2, s. 391-397
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Long-range interactions between self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of semifluorinated alkanethiols have been studied by direct force measurements in water and aqueous NaCl solutions. SAMs prepared from three different thiols, with identical fluorinated head groups but varying hydrocarbon spacer lengths, were investigated: CF3(CF2)(9)(CH2)(x)SH, where x = 2, 11, or 17. Force measurements show that the interactions in water and electrolyte solutions are composed of both double-layer interactions emerging from what appears to be charges adsorbed onto the surfaces and long-range "hydrophobic" attractions, in excess of the expected van der Waals forces. The three investigated thiols produce similar results in force measurements, though the contact angles with water are slightly different, The "hydrophobic" attraction has the form of step-like attractive discontinuities in the force profiles at separations ranging from 20 to 40 nm, caused by bridging of microscopic bubbles residing at the surfaces, The shape or range of these discontinuities are not significantly affected by replacement of the water with either 1 mM or 1 M NaCl solutions. The origin of the charges causing the electrostatic double-layer interaction is unclear, but some possible causes are discussed.
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| 38. |
- Elobeid, Adila
(författare)
-
Altered proteins in the aging brain
- 2016
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The classification of neurodegenerative disorders is based on the major component of the protein aggregates in the brain. The most common altered proteins associated with neurodegeneration are Hyperphosphorylated tau (HPt), beta amyloid (Aβ), alpha-synclein (αS) and transactive response DNA binding protein 43 (TDP43). In this study we assessed the incidence and the neuroanatomical distribution of proteins associated with neurodegeneration in the brain tissue of cognitively unimpaired subjects.We demonstrated the early involvement of the Locus Coeruleus (LC) with HPt pathology in cognitively unimpaired mid aged subjects, a finding which supports the notion that LC is an initiation site of HPt pathology. This may suggest that development of clinical assessment techniques and radiological investigations reflecting early LC alterations may help in identifying subjects with early stages of neurodegeneration.Furthermore, we studied a large cohort of cognitively unimpaired subjects with age at death ≥50 years and we applied the National Institute on Aging –Alzheimer’s disease (AD) Association (NIA-AA) guidelines for the assessment of AD related neuropathological changes. Interestingly, a considerable percentage of the subjects were classified as having an intermediate level of AD pathology. We also showed that the altered proteins; HPt , Aβ, αS, and TDP43 are frequently seen in the brain of cognitively unimpaired subjects with age at death ≥50 years, the incidence of these proteins increased significantly with age. This finding suggests that neurodegeneration has to be extensive to cause functional disturbance and clinical symptoms.Moreover, we investigated the correlation between AD related pathology in cortical biopsies, the AD / cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and the Mini Mental State examination (MMSE) scores in a cohort of idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (iNPH) patients. We demonstrated that AD/ CSF biomarkers and MMSE scores reflect AD pathology in the cortical biopsies obtained from iNPH patients. In conclusion, this study shows that the altered proteins associated with neurodegeneration are frequently seen in the brain tissue of cognitively unimpaired aged subjects. This fact should be considered while developing diagnostic biomarkers for identification of subjects at early stages of the disease, in order to introduce therapeutic intervention prior to the occurrence of significant cognitive impairment.
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| 39. |
- Eriksson, Britt-Marie, et al.
(författare)
-
A prospective study of rapid methods of detecting cytomegalovirus in the blood of renal transplant recipients in relation to patient and graft survival
- 1996
-
Ingår i: Clinical Transplantation. - 0902-0063 .- 1399-0012. ; 10:6 Pt 1, s. 494-502
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eighty-five renal transplant recipients were prospectively monitored for CMV infection up to 4 months post-transplantation by virus isolation from leukocytes, CMV antigen detection (pp65) in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of alkaline treated plasma (P-PCR), PCR of extracted DNA from PBL (L-PCR) and serology. Additionally univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors for patient and graft survival up to 4 yr post-transplantation were performed. The incidence of CMV infection was 78% and of CMV disease 33%. Antigen detection in PBL was positive before or at onset of symptoms in 23/24 (96%) evaluable patients with CMV disease. The corresponding figures for virus isolation were 22/24 (92%), P-PCR 21/24 (88%) and for L-PCR 18/24 (75%). The percentage of negative samples in patients without CMV disease was 89% for the antigen test, 92% for L-PCR and 83% for virus isolation and P-PCR. One rapid test (antigen test, P-PCR or L-PCR) was positive at a median of 16 d before the onset of symptoms. The antigen test was generally the first rapid test to become positive. CMV disease did not affect graft survival in the multivariate analysis but was associated with decreased patient survival.
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| 40. |
- Eriksson, Britt-Marie, et al.
(författare)
-
Circulating soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in immunocompetent and renal transplant patients:correlation with cytomegalovirus disease and renal function
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5548 .- 1651-1980. ; 33:5, s. 350-354
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The plasma levels of the soluble adhesion molecules, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), were measured before and after transplantation in 26 renal transplant recipients, and in 173 longitudinally collected samples in 17 of the patients. The patients were carefully monitored for the presence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and rejection. Forty healthy blood donors and 12 otherwise healthy subjects with symptomatic primary CMV infections served as controls. During CMV disease, plasma levels of sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 were elevated in both renal transplant patients and otherwise healthy subjects with CMV disease. The sVCAM-1 levels were strongly elevated before transplantation in renal transplant recipients and correlated with creatinine levels. Increased sVCAM-1 levels were also registered during rejection episodes. CMV disease, per se, is associated with markedly increased levels of sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1. There is also a correlation of sVCAM-1 levels with serum creatinine levels. Thus, the presence of CMV infection and renal function are factors that must be considered in further studies of soluble adhesion molecules.
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| 41. |
- Esberg, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Streptococcus Mutans Adhesin Biotypes that Match and Predict Individual Caries Development
- 2017
-
Ingår i: EBioMedicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-3964. ; 24, s. 205-215
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dental caries, which affects billions of people, is a chronic infectious disease that involves Streptococcus mutans, which is nevertheless a poor predictor of individual caries development. We therefore investigated if adhesin types of S.mutans with sucrose-independent adhesion to host DMBT1 (i.e. SpaP A, B or C) and collagen (i.e. Cnm, Cbm) match and predict individual differences in caries development. The adhesin types were measured in whole saliva by qPCR in 452 12-year-old Swedish children and related to caries at baseline and prospectively at a 5-year follow-up. Strains isolated from the children were explored for genetic and phenotypic properties. The presence of SpaP B and Cnm subtypes coincided with increased 5-year caries increment, and their binding to DMBT1 and saliva correlated with individual caries scores. The SpaP B subtypes are enriched in amino acid substitutions that coincided with caries and binding and specify biotypes of S. mutans with increased acid tolerance. The findings reveal adhesin subtypes of S. mutans that match and predict individual differences in caries development and provide a rationale for individualized oral care.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Gedda, Christer, et al.
(författare)
-
Grundvattenvärme : kvarteret Tärnan i Landskrona
- 1989
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten redovisar fältförsök, uppföljning och termohydraulisk utvärdering av en experimentbyggnadsanläggning i kvarteret Tärnan i Landskrona. En låg energiförbrukning eftersträvas genom överglasad gata m.m.
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| 44. |
- Glimelius, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
-
U-CAN : a prospective longitudinal collection of biomaterials and clinical information from adult cancer patients in Sweden.
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 57:2, s. 187-194
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Progress in cancer biomarker discovery is dependent on access to high-quality biological materials and high-resolution clinical data from the same cases. To overcome current limitations, a systematic prospective longitudinal sampling of multidisciplinary clinical data, blood and tissue from cancer patients was therefore initiated in 2010 by Uppsala and Umeå Universities and involving their corresponding University Hospitals, which are referral centers for one third of the Swedish population.Material and Methods: Patients with cancer of selected types who are treated at one of the participating hospitals are eligible for inclusion. The healthcare-integrated sampling scheme encompasses clinical data, questionnaires, blood, fresh frozen and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens, diagnostic slides and radiology bioimaging data.Results: In this ongoing effort, 12,265 patients with brain tumors, breast cancers, colorectal cancers, gynecological cancers, hematological malignancies, lung cancers, neuroendocrine tumors or prostate cancers have been included until the end of 2016. From the 6914 patients included during the first five years, 98% were sampled for blood at diagnosis, 83% had paraffin-embedded and 58% had fresh frozen tissues collected. For Uppsala County, 55% of all cancer patients were included in the cohort.Conclusions: Close collaboration between participating hospitals and universities enabled prospective, longitudinal biobanking of blood and tissues and collection of multidisciplinary clinical data from cancer patients in the U-CAN cohort. Here, we summarize the first five years of operations, present U-CAN as a highly valuable cohort that will contribute to enhanced cancer research and describe the procedures to access samples and data.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Gustavsson, Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
-
A Flexible Instructional Electronics Laboratory with Local and Remote Lab Workbenches in a Grid
- 2008
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Signal Processing Department (ASB) at Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH) has created two online lab workbenches, one for electrical experiments and one for mechanical vibration experiments, mimicking and supplementing workbenches in traditional labo-ratories. Since some years, the workbenches are used concurrently with on-site ones in regular supervised lab sessions. The students are also free to use them on their own around the clock e.g. for preparation. The electronic workbench can be used simultane-ously by many students. The aim of a project known as VISIR (Virtual Systems in Reality) founded by ASB at the end of 2006, is disseminating the online lab workbenches using open source technologies. The goal is to create a template for a grid laboratory where the nodes are workbenches for electrical ex-periments, located at different universities. This paper focuses on standards, pedagogical aspects, and measurement procedure requirements.
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| 47. |
- Gustavsson, Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
-
A Flexible Instructional Electronics Laboratory with Local and Remote Lab Workbenches in a Grid
- 2008
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Online Engineering. - 1868-1646 .- 1861-2121. ; 4:2, s. 12-16
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Signal Processing Department (ASB) at Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH) has created two online lab workbenches; one for electrical experiments and one for mechanical vibration experiments, mimicking and supplementing workbenches in traditional laboratories. For several years now, the workbenches have been used concurrently with on-site ones in regular, supervised lab sessions. The students are encouraged to use them on a 24/7 basis for example, in preparation for supervised sessions. The electronic workbench can be used simultaneously by many students. The aim of a project known as VISIR (Virtual Systems in Reality) founded by ASB at the end of 2006, is to disseminate the online lab workbenches using open source technologies. The goal is to create a template for a grid laboratory where the nodes are workbenches for electrical experiments, located at different universities. This paper focuses on standards, pedagogical aspects, and measurement procedure requirements.
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| 48. |
- Gustavsson, Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
-
Gör ingenjörsutbildningen attraktiv genom att öka det experimentella inslaget
- 2008
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Många idéer till hur man skall få fler ungdomar att välja ingenjörsyrket har diskuterats och provats men tyvärr utan större framgång. En ny ingrediens kan vara att öka det experimentella inslaget, något som ändå måste göras av andra skäl, varav ett är hållbar utveckling. Det är känt att genom experiment kan man lära känna naturens principer. Ingenjörer är de yrkesutövare som konstruerar många av de nyttigheter som bär upp vår civilisation. Vi använder teorier/modeller som verktyg, men dessa räcker inte alltid, utan man måste få experimentera och bygga prototyper samt verifiera. Den allmänna meningen bland lärare och andra initierade bedömare har hittills varit att laborationer är nödvändiga men lite sägs om vad de förväntas ge. Få lärosäten producerar ingenjörer med dokumenterad erfarenhet av laborativt arbete. Lärandemål för laborationer har saknats men de senaste åren har sådana börjat definieras. Under senare decennier har undervisningsanslagen heller inte räknats upp i takt med studenttillströmningen. Eftersom laborativ undervisning är kostsam per student har lärosätena valt att reducera antalet laborationer, men Internets intåg ger nya möjligheter att öppna laboratorier för fjärrstyrning och låta studenter experimentera själva, utan risk att skada sig själva eller utrustningen. Studenter får således nya möjligheter att organisera sina studier i enlighet med vad Bolognaprocessen kräver och lärosäten kan utnyttja laboratorierna mera effektivt. Vi kan öka det experimentella inslaget i undervisningen. Internationellt samarbete både avseende läromedel och experimentell utrustning ser ut att ge möjlighet att sänka de löpande kostnaderna till den grad att det experimentella inslaget kan ökas väsentligt inom befintliga anslagsramar, även om den initiala kostnaden för den forskning som först krävs då inte är inräknad. Avdelningen för signalbehandling, ASB, vid BTH har öppnat övningslaboratorier för ellära och mekaniska vibrationsexperiment för fjärrstyrning. Båda används i reguljär undervisning sedan några år. Ett unikt användargränssnitt gör det möjligt att från valfriplats styra och manövrera experimentutrustning på samma sätt som i laboratorielokalerna. Studenterna får möjlighet att i förväg bekanta sig med instrumenten och utföra föreskrivna experiment enskilt eller tillsammans med andra. Dessa öppna laboratorier ger möjlighet att inkludera praktiska uppgifter i skriftliga tentamina, förutsatt att examination kan ske i datorsal, varvid erfarenhet av laborativt arbete enkelt kan examineras för varje enskild student. ASB har startat ett projekt VISIR (Virtual Systems in Reality) som handlar om att sprida BTH:s öppna laboratoriekoncept och formulera standarder inom området. Tillhörande programvara har publicerats som öppen källkod. BTH bjuder in andra lärosäten att delta i projektet och i dess vidareutveckling mot internationella standarder. Två internationella universitet har redan öppnat kopior av elläralaboratoriet och deltar aktivt i vidareutvecklingen. ASB har nyligen blivit inbjuden av ett universitet i Australien att delta ett projekt med titeln ”Enriching Student Learning Experience through International Collaboration in Remote Laboratories”. Detta beviljade projekt är ett resultat av nya pedagogiska möjligheter, som diskuteras i detta bidrag. ASB söker samarbete med pedagoger och andra forskare intresserade av experimentella inslag i ingenjörsutbildningen. Lärandemål för laborativt arbete, öppna laboratorier och internationellt samarbete kan bli ingredienser i en moderniserad och attraktiv ingenjörsutbildning.
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| 49. |
- Gustavsson, Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
-
Remote Operation and Control of Traditional Laboratory Equipment
- 2006
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Online Engineering. - 1868-1646 .- 1861-2121. ; 2:1, s. 1-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Physical experiments are indispensable for developing skills to deal with physical processes and instrumentation. The Internet provides new possibilities for universities and other teaching organizations to share laboratories and increase the number of lab sessions without incurring any increase in cost. Blekinge Institute of Technology in Sweden has opened a traditional electronics laboratory for remote operation and control 24/7; it is the first of its kind. The laboratory is equipped with a unique virtual interface enabling students to recognize on their own computer screen the desktop instruments and the breadboard they have already used in the local laboratory. The research is focused on what is perceived to be the greatest challenge, i.e. to give the student laboratory experience that is as genuine as possible despite the lack of direct contact with the actual lab hardware at the same time as it allows the teacher to use existing equipment and teaching material. The goal is to produce an open international standard.
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| 50. |
- Gustavsson, Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
-
Telemanipulator for Remote Wiring of Electrical Circuits
- 2008
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nowadays, students want extended access to learning resources and increased freedom to organize their learning activities. Remote access to laboratories enables students to perform physical experiments on their own 24/7. It is easy to control most electronic instruments remotely but some kind of telemanipulator is often required. The Signal Processing Department (ASB) at Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH) has created an online lab workbench for electrical experiments, mimicking and supplementing workbenches in local laboratories. Students being at home can, for example, use the online workbench in order to prepare themselves for supervised lab sessions and/or participate in such sessions taking place in a local laboratory. A virtual breadboard is used to control a telemanipulator (switching matrix) performing the circuit wiring. Together with virtual front panels depicting the front panels of the desktop instruments, it gives distant students the impression that they are working in a real laboratory. This paper describes the virtual breadboard and switching matrix combination, which can be used in many switching applications.
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