| 1. |
- Schneiter, E. Matias, et al.
(författare)
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3D MHD simulation of polarized emission in SN 1006
- 2015
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Ingår i: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 449:1, s. 88-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We use three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations to model the supernova remnant SN 1006. From our numerical results, we have carried out a polarization study, obtaining synthetic maps of the polarized intensity, the Stokes parameter Q, and the polar-referenced angle, which can be compared with observational results. Synthetic maps were computed considering two possible particle acceleration mechanisms: quasi-parallel and quasi-perpendicular. The comparison of synthetic maps of the Stokes parameter Q maps with observations proves to be a valuable tool to discern unambiguously which mechanism is taking place in the remnant of SN 1006, giving strong support to the quasi-parallel model.
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| 2. |
- Arthur, S. J., et al.
(författare)
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Radiation-magnetohydrodynamic simulations of H II regions and their associated PDRs in turbulent molecular clouds
- 2011
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Ingår i: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 414:2, s. 1747-1768
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the results of radiation-magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the formation and expansion of H II regions and their surrounding photodissociation regions (PDRs) in turbulent, magnetized, molecular clouds on scales of up to 4 pc. We include the effects of ionizing and non-ionizing ultraviolet radiation and X-rays from population synthesis models of young star clusters. For all our simulations we find that the H II region expansion reduces the disordered component of the magnetic field, imposing a large-scale order on the field around its border, with the field in the neutral gas tending to lie along the ionization front, while the field in the ionized gas tends to be perpendicular to the front. The highest pressure-compressed neutral and molecular gas is driven towards approximate equipartition between thermal, magnetic and turbulent energy densities, whereas lower pressure neutral/molecular gas bifurcates into, on the one hand, quiescent, magnetically dominated regions and, on the other hand, turbulent, demagnetized regions. The ionized gas shows approximate equipartition between thermal and turbulent energy densities, but with magnetic energy densities that are 1-3 orders of magnitude lower. A high velocity dispersion (similar to 8 km s(-1)) is maintained in the ionized gas throughout our simulations, despite the mean expansion velocity being significantly lower. The magnetic field does not significantly brake the large-scale H II region expansion on the length and time-scales accessible to our simulations, but it does tend to suppress the smallest scale fragmentation and radiation-driven implosion of neutral/molecular gas that forms globules and pillars at the edge of the H II region. However, the relative luminosity of ionizing and non-ionizing radiation has a much larger influence than the presence or absence of the magnetic field. When the star cluster radiation field is relatively soft (as in the case of a lower mass cluster, containing an earliest spectral type of B0.5), then fragmentation is less vigorous and a thick, relatively smooth PDR forms.
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| 3. |
- Gusso, Silmara, et al.
(författare)
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The Effects of 20 Weeks of Side-Alternating Vibration Therapy on Physical Function, Bone and Muscle Health in Adolescents with Down Syndrome
- 2021
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Ingår i: Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0194-2638 .- 1541-3144. ; 41:1, s. 44-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To evaluate the effects of side-alternating vibration therapy on physical function and body composition in adolescents with Down syndrome.Methods: Fourteen adolescents (8 males) with Down syndrome (mean +/- SD age: 15.5 +/- 2.3 years) performed vibration treatment nine minutes daily, four times per week, for 20 weeks on a Galileo vibration platform. Data were collected at baseline and after 20 weeks of intervention. Assessments included six-minute walk test, muscle function (force plate), whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and peripheral quantitative computed tomography of the non-dominant tibia.Results: After 20 weeks, participants increased their distance walked in the six-minute walk test (p = 0.009), 2-leg single jump efficiency (p = 0.024) and jump velocity (p = 0.046). Participants also increased their power (p = 0.034) and reduced the time taken during the chair rise test (p < 0.001). At the total body level, increases were seen in bone mineral density (p = 0.004), bone mineral content (p = 0.043), fat free mass (p = 0.013) and lean mass (p = 0.021).Conclusion: Side-alternating vibration therapy was associated with increases in physical function and muscle mass with no effects on bone health in adolescents with Down syndrome.
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| 6. |
- van Buggenhout, Sandra, et al.
(författare)
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Structural design of natural plant based foods to promote nutritional quality
- 2012
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Ingår i: Trends in Food Science and Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0924-2244 .- 1879-3053. ; 24:1, s. 47-59
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During traditional industrial processing of fruit and vegetable derived foods, consideration of the eventual retention, bio-accessibility or bio-availability of nutrients has hitherto been a secondary priority. Indeed standard processing of soups and sauces involves treating all ingredients in a similar way, usually by prolonged heat treatment and results in both lowered nutritional value and sensory quality of food products. Such products are typically structured using various additives including starches, gums and stabilizers, which consumers regard as unnatural, rather than exploiting the endogenous structuring potential of the fruit and vegetable ingredients as available at the farm gate. Recent studies undertaken within the EU sponsored 'Healthy Structuring' project have shown how to design an industrially manufactured product with good sensory qualities that is natural and nutritious. The strategy has been to use the inherent structural and nutritional properties of the raw material ingredients, on the one hand to ensure the textural quality of the final product without the use of artificial gums or stabilizers and, on the other hand to optimize the nutritional quality of the final product. This review briefly summarizes both the approach taken and the results obtained within the project.
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| 7. |
- Vesey, Renuka M., et al.
(författare)
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Safety, feasibility and efficacy of side-alternating vibration therapy on bone and muscle health in children and adolescents with musculoskeletal disorders : A pilot trial
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health. - : WILEY. - 1034-4810 .- 1440-1754. ; 56:8, s. 1257-1262
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims A pilot study was performed to establish the safety, feasibility and efficacy of vibration therapy (VT) on bone and muscle health in children and adolescents with a range of musculoskeletal disorders. Methods Seventeen participants (15.7 years +/- 2.9 years), with conditions that impacted on their musculoskeletal health, completed 20 weeks of side-alternating VT for 9 min/session, 4 times/week at 20 Hz. Data were collected at baseline and after 20 weeks of intervention. Assessments included whole-body dual-energyX-ray absorptiometry, muscle function (force plate) and 6-min walk test. Results Compliance with the prescribed VT training protocol was relatively high overall at 78% and there were no adverse events reported. After 20 weeks intervention, functional assessments showed time taken to perform the chair test was reduced by 15% (P = 0.018), leg balance improved with standard ellipse area decreasing by 88% (P = 0.006) and distance walked in the 6-min walk test improved by 9% (P = 0.002). Participants displayed increased total body mass (1.94 kg; P = 0.018) with increased lean mass (1.20 kg; P = 0.019) but not fat mass (P = 0.19). There was no change in total body bone mineral density (P = 0.44) or bone mineral content (P = 0.07). Conclusions Twenty weeks of side-alternating VT was a feasible protocol that was associated with improvements in physical function and no detrimental effects on lean mass, bone mass or density in children and adolescents with musculoskeletal disorders.
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| 8. |
- Yuksel, Muhammed, et al.
(författare)
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Hepatitis mouse models : from acute-to-chronic autoimmune hepatitis
- 2014
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Ingår i: International journal of experimental pathology (Print). - : Wiley. - 0959-9673 .- 1365-2613. ; 95:5, s. 309-320
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic inflammatory liver disease associated with interface hepatitis, raised plasma liver enzymes, the presence of autoantibodies and regulatory T-cell (Tregs) dysfunction. The clinical course is heterogeneous, manifested by a fulminant or indolent course. Although genetic predisposition is well accepted, the combination with currently undefined environmental factors is crucial for the development of the disease. Progress in the development of reliable animal models provides added understanding of the pathophysiology of AIH, and these will be very useful in evaluating potential therapeutics. It appears that artificially breaking tolerance in the liver is easy. However, maintaining this state of tolerance breakdown, to get chronic hepatitis, is difficult because liver immune homeostasis is strongly regulated by several immune response inhibitory mechanisms. For example, Tregs are crucial regulators in acute and chronic hepatitis, and C57BL/6 mice are most prone to experimental AIH. Immunization of C57BL/6 mice with liver (AIH) autoantigens (CYP2D6/FTCD or IL-4R) and the disturbance of liver regulatory mechanism(s), leading to experimental AIH, are likely to be most representative of human AIH pathology.
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