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- Bousquet, J, et al.
(författare)
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Nrf2-interacting nutrients and COVID-19: time for research to develop adaptation strategies
- 2020
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Ingår i: Clinical and translational allergy. - : Wiley. - 2045-7022. ; 10:1, s. 58-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are large between- and within-country variations in COVID-19 death rates. Some very low death rate settings such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, the Balkans and Africa have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods whose intake is associated with the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) anti-oxidant transcription factor. There are many Nrf2-interacting nutrients (berberine, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, quercetin, resveratrol, sulforaphane) that all act similarly to reduce insulin resistance, endothelial damage, lung injury and cytokine storm. They also act on the same mechanisms (mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin, PPARγ:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, NFκB: Nuclear factor kappa B, ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases and eIF2α:Elongation initiation factor 2α). They may as a result be important in mitigating the severity of COVID-19, acting through the endoplasmic reticulum stress or ACE-Angiotensin-II-AT1R axis (AT1R) pathway. Many Nrf2-interacting nutrients are also interacting with TRPA1 and/or TRPV1. Interestingly, geographical areas with very low COVID-19 mortality are those with the lowest prevalence of obesity (Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia). It is tempting to propose that Nrf2-interacting foods and nutrients can re-balance insulin resistance and have a significant effect on COVID-19 severity. It is therefore possible that the intake of these foods may restore an optimal natural balance for the Nrf2 pathway and may be of interest in the mitigation of COVID-19 severity.
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- Cordeiro, AC, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents on glycated hemoglobin in nondiabetic kidney diseases at the start of dialysis
- 2011
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Ingår i: American journal of nephrology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9670 .- 0250-8095. ; 33:1, s. 17-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <i>Background:</i> Although glycated hemoglobin (HbA<sub>1C</sub>) is a practical tool to assess long-term glucose control in the general population, it may underestimate glycemic control in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients – especially those undergoing treatment with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA). We evaluated the association of HbA<sub>1C</sub> with other parameters of glucose homeostasis and tested its association with ESA use and mortality in nondiabetic incident dialysis patients. <i>Methods:</i> We studied 270 nondiabetic CKD stage 5 patients referred to initiate dialysis therapy [median age: 54 years (43–63), 154 males]. Patients were followed for up to 5 years for survival analysis. <i>Results: </i>HbA<sub>1C</sub> was positively correlated with age (Rho = 0.13; p = 0.031), C-reactive protein (Rho = 0.14; p = 0.024), total cholesterol (Rho = 0.19; p = 0.001), triglycerides (Rho = 0.21; p < 0.001) and glucose (Rho = 0.21; p = 0.001), but it was negatively correlated with HDL-cholesterol (Rho = –0.22; p < 0.001) and ESA dose (Rho = –0.27; p < 0.001). Across increasing HbA<sub>1C</sub> tertiles, increased glucose levels and reduced use of ESA and dose of ESA were observed (p < 0.001), but there were no differences in insulin and HOMA index. In a stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis, ESA dose was negatively associated with logHbA<sub>1C</sub>. HbA<sub>1C</sub> did not predict mortality. <i>Conclusion:</i> In nondiabetic CKD stage 5 patients, HbA<sub>1C</sub> levels were associated with ESA dose. HbA<sub>1C</sub> was not independently associated with surrogate markers of insulin resistance or mortality.
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