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- Gili, Nasser J., et al.
(författare)
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Preoperative preparation of eye with chlorhexidine solution significantly reduces bacterial load prior to 23-gauge vitrectomy in Swedish health care
- 2018
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Ingår i: BMC Ophthalmology. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2415. ; 18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Bacteria in the conjunctiva present a potential risk of vitreous cavity infection during 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). Current preoperative procedures used in Sweden include irrigation with chlorhexidine solution (CHX) 0.05% only and no iodine solutions. We evaluated the bacterial diversity and load before and after this single antibacterial measure.Methods: In a prospective, consecutive cohort we investigated bacterial growth in samples from 40 eyes in 39 consecutive individuals subjected to vitrectomy. A conjunctival specimen was collected from each preoperative patient before and after irrigating of eye with CHX, 0.05% solution. Iodine was not used during any part of the surgery. One drop of chloramphenicol was administered prior to surgery. Samples from vitreous cavity were collected at the beginning and end of vitrectomy. All conjunctival specimens were cultured for different species and quantified using colony forming units (CFU).Results: There was a significant 82% reduction in the total number of CFUs for all bacteria in all eyes (P < 0.0001), and 90% reduction for coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) alone (P = 0.0002). The number of eyes with positive bacterial growth in conjunctival samples decreased from 33 to 18 after irrigation with CHX (P = 0.0023). The most common bacteria prior to surgery were CoNS (70%), Propionibacterium acnes (55%) and Corynebacterium species (36%). No case of post-vitrectomy endophthalmitis was reported during mean follow-up time, which was 4.6 +/- 2.3 (range; 1.5 to 9) months.Conclusions: Patients undergoing PPV harbored bacteria in conjunctiva capable of causing post-vitrectomy endophthalmitis. Preoperative preparation with CHX significantly reduced the bacterial load in the conjunctival samples subsequently leading to very low inoculation rates in recovered vitreous samples. Thus, CHX used as a single disinfectant agent might be an effective preoperative procedure for eye surgery in Sweden. This is a relatively small study but the results could be a reference for other intraocular surgeries.
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- Jafferali, Mohammed Hakim, et al.
(författare)
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MCLIP, an effective method to detect interactions of transmembrane proteins of the nuclear envelope in live cells
- 2014
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Ingår i: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Biomembranes. - : Elsevier BV. - 0005-2736 .- 1879-2642 .- 0006-3002. ; 1838:10, s. 2399-2403
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Investigating interactions of proteins in the nuclear envelope (NE) using co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) has previously been difficult or even impossible due to their inherent resistance to extraction. We have developed a novel method, MCLIP (Membrane protein Cross-Link ImmunoPrecipitation), which takes advantage of a cell permeable crosslinker to enable effective detection and analysis of specific interactions of NE proteins in live cells using Western blot. Using MCLIP we show that, in U2OS cells, the integral inner nuclear membrane protein Samp1 interacts with Lamin B1, the LINC (Linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton) complex protein, Sun1 and the soluble small GTPase Ran. The results show that the previously detected in vitro interaction between Samp1 and Emerin also takes place in live cells. In vitro pull down experiments show, that the nucleoplasmic domains of Samp1 and Emerin can bind directly to each other. We also, show that MCLIP is suitable to coprecipitate protein interactions in different stages of the cell cycle.
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- Kimiaei, S., et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of polynomial image deformation for matching of 3D-abdominal MR-images using anatomical landmarks and for atlas construction
- 1998
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Ingår i: 1998 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record. 1998. - Toronto, Ont., Canada : IEEE. ; , s. 2050-2052
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to compare and evaluate the potential usability of linear and non-linear (polynomial) 3D-warping for constructing an atlas by matching abdominal MR-images from a number of different individuals using manually picked anatomical landmarks. The significance of this study lies in the fact that it illustrates the potential to use polynomial matching at a local or organ level. This is a necessary requirement for constructing an atlas and for fine intra-patient image matching and fusion. Finally 3D-image warping using anatomical landmark for inter-patient intra-modality image co-registration and fusion was found to be a very powerful and robust method. Additionally it can be used for intra-patient inter-modality image matching.
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- Landström, Fredrik J, et al.
(författare)
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Electroporation therapy of skin cancer in the head and neck area.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Dermatologic Surgery. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1076-0512 .- 1524-4725. ; 36:8, s. 1245-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Electroporation therapy is a new cancer treatment modality in which a locally applied electrical field enhances cell membrane permeability, allowing greater intracellular accumulation of a chemotherapeutic agent.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of electroporation therapy in treating basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas of the skin.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six patients with skin cancer of the head and neck were treated using electroporation therapy with intratumorally injected bleomycin. Orbital growth, facial nerve proximity, or proximity to cartilage of the external meatus complicated four of these tumors. The intention was curative. The follow-up period was 24 months and included biopsies after 8 weeks.RESULTS: In four of the six patients, one treatment was enough to eradicate the tumor. In one patient, the tumor persisted even after a second treatment with electroporation therapy. A septal cartilage perforation was the only major complication. The cosmetic results were very satisfactory. One additional recurrence was recorded 6 months after the follow-up periodCONCLUSION: Electroporation therapy is a promising new cancer treatment that should be further evaluated as an alternative to surgery, especially in complicated skin cancer.
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- Noz, Marilyn E., et al.
(författare)
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Clinical applications from head to toe using a semiautomatic 3D inter/intramodality fusion technique
- 2003
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Ingår i: BIOMEDICAL IMAGE REGISTRATION. - 3540203435 ; , s. 387-397
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Automated image registration techniques, particularly between modalities which clearly display anatomy and especially within the head, have become commonplace. Meanwhile advances in molecular imaging and the need to perform registration in other areas of body has driven the development of non-rigid and semiautomatic 3D volume fusion methods. This paper will focus on this latter class of 3D volume registration methods for a variety of clinical applications.
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- Sandgren, B., et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of wear and periacetabular osteolysis using dual energy computed tomography on a pig cadaver to identify the lowest acceptable radiation dose
- 2016
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Ingår i: Bone & Joint Research. - : BRITISH EDITORIAL SOC BONE JOINT SURGERY. - 2046-3758. ; 5:7, s. 307-313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives Computed tomography (CT) plays an important role in evaluating wear and periacetabular osteolysis (PAO) in total hip replacements. One concern with CT is the high radiation exposure since standard pelvic CT provides approximately 3.5 millisieverts (mSv) of radiation exposure, whereas a planar radiographic examination with three projections totals approximately 0.5 mSv. The objective of this study was to evaluate the lowest acceptable radiation dose for dual-energy CT (DECT) images when measuring wear and periacetabular osteolysis in uncemented metal components. Materials and Methods A porcine pelvis with bilateral uncemented hip prostheses and with known linear wear and acetabular bone defects was examined in a third-generation multidetector DECT scanner. The examinations were performed with four different radiation levels both with and without iterative reconstruction techniques. From the high and low peak kilo voltage acquisitions, polychrmoatic images were created together with virtual monochromatic images of energies 100 kiloelectron volts (keV) and 150 keV. Results We could assess wear and PAO while substantially lowering the effective radiation dose to 0.7 mSv for a total pelvic view with an accuracy of around 0.5 mm for linear wear and 2 mm to 3 mm for PAO. Conclusion CT for detection of prosthetic wear and PAO could be used with clinically acceptable accuracy at a radiation exposure level equal to plain radiographic exposures.
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| 12. |
- Sandgren, B, et al.
(författare)
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Risk factors for periacetabular osteolysis and wear in asymptomatic patients with uncemented total hip arthroplasties
- 2014
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Ingår i: TheScientificWorldJournal. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1537-744X. ; 2014, s. 905818-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Osteolysis is a silent disease leading to aseptic loosening. This has not been studied in a cohort of asymptomatic patients. The aim of this study was to detect factors that might be associated with the development of periacetabular osteolysis and wear around an uncemented cup. We assessed 206 patients with an uncemented cup, measuring wear and periacetabular osteolysis using computed tomography with a median follow-up of 10 years after surgery (range 7–14 years). EQ5D, pain from the hip, and satisfaction were assessed. The association between periacetabular osteolysis and wear, age, gender, activity, BMI, cup type, cup age, positioning of the cup, and surface coating was investigated with a proportional odds model. Wear and male gender were associated with an increased risk for periacetabular osteolysis. There was no association with periacetabular osteolysis for time from operation, patient age, UCLA Activity Score, liner thickness at time of operation, BMI, cup positioning, and type of implant. A thin liner at time of operation is correlated to increased wear. Linear wear rate was 0.18 mm/year and 46 of 206 patients had large periacetabular osteolysis. Asymptomatic patients with these implants should be followed up on a regular basis with a sensitive method such as CT in order to detect complications early.
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