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- Garavito-Bermúdez, Diana, 1978-
(författare)
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Learning ecosystem complexity : A study on small-scale fishers’ ecological knowledge generation
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Small-scale fisheries are learning contexts of importance for generating, transferring, and updating ecological knowledge of natural environments through everyday work practices. The rich knowledge fishers have of local ecosystems is the result of the intimate relationship fishing communities have had with their natural environments across generations (see e.g. Urquhart and Acott 2013). This relationship develops strong emotional bonds to the physical and social place. For fishing communities and fishers – who depend directly on local ecosystems to maintain their livelihoods – fishing environments are natural places for living, working and defining themselves. Previous research on fishers’ ecological knowledge has mainly been descriptive, i.e., has focused on aspects such as reproduction, nutrition and spatial-temporal distribution and population dynamics, from a traditional view of knowledge that only recognises scientific knowledge as the true knowledge. By doing this, fishers’ ecological knowledge has been investigated separately from the learning contexts in which it is generated, ignoring the influence of social, cultural and historical aspects that characterise fishing communities, and the complex relationships between fishers and the natural environments they live and work in. This thesis investigates ecological knowledge among small-scale fishers living and working in the ecosystems of Lake Vättern and the Blekinge Archipelago (Baltic Sea) in Sweden and explores how ecological knowledge is generated with particular regard to the influences of work and nature on fishers’ knowledge of ecosystems. The aim of this thesis is to contribute to the knowledge and understanding of informal learning processes of ecosystem complexity among small-scale fishers. This knowledge further contributes to the research field of ecological knowledge and sustainable use and management of natural resources. It addresses the particular research questions of what ecological knowledge fishers generate, and how its generation is influenced by their fishing work practices and relationships to nature.The thesis consists of three articles. Article I focuses on the need to address the significant lack of theoretical and methodological frameworks for the investigation of the cognitive aspects involved in the generation of ecological knowledge. Article II deals with the need to develop theoretical, methodological and empirical frameworks that avoid romanticising and idealising users’ ecological knowledge in local (LEK), indigenous (IEK) and traditional (TEK) ecological knowledge research, by rethinking it as being generated through work practices. Article III addresses the lack of studies that explicitly explore theories linking complex relations and knowledge that humans form within and of ecosystems. It also addressed the lack of attention from environmental education researchers to theory and empirical studies of ‘sense of place’ research, with a particular focus on environmental learning. Research into the question of what ecological knowledge fishers generate shows differences in their ways of knowing ecosystem complexity. These differences are explained in terms of the influences of the species being fished, and the sociocultural contexts distinguishing fishers’ connection to the fishing profession (i.e., familial tradition or entrepreneurship) (Article I), but also by the fishing strategies used (Article II). Results answering the research question of how work practices influence fishers’ knowledge of ecosystem complexity show a way of rethinking their ecological knowledge as generated in a continuous process of work (Article II), thus, far from romantic views of knowledge. Results answering the research question of how fishers’ relationships to nature influence their knowledge of ecosystem complexity demonstrate the complex interconnections between psychological processes such as identity construction, proximity maintenance and attachment to natural environments (Article III). Finally, more similarities than differences between fishers’ knowledge were found, despite the variation in cases chosen, with regards to landscape, target species, regulations systems and management strategies, fishing environments scales, as well as cultural and social contexts.
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- Garavito-Bermúdez, Diana, et al.
(författare)
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Linking a conceptual framework on systems thinking with experiential knowledge
- 2016
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Ingår i: Environmental Education Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1350-4622 .- 1469-5871. ; 22:1, s. 89-110
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper addresses a systemic approach for the study of fishers’ ecological knowledge in order to describe fishers’ ways of knowing and dealing with com- plexity in ecosystems, and discusses how knowledge is generated through, e.g. apprenticeship, experiential knowledge, and testing of hypotheses. The descrip- tion and analysis of fishers’ ecological knowledge has been done using the Structure–Dynamics–Functions conceptual framework. Fishers identify 5–50 feeding interactions (Structure), recognize populations’ dynamics over time, and, the impact of external factors (climate change, water quality and overfishing) (Dynamics) and finally, acknowledge different values or services (Functions) of the ecosystem (drinking water and fishing). Knowing about these three main aspects seems to be core knowledge embedded in fishers’ ecological knowledge, which comprises systems thinking. Systems thinking is arguably part of fishers’ professional skills and significant for sustainable natural resource management yet understanding ecosystem complexity is also a cognitive challenge.
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- Lundholm, Cecilia, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Participation, dialogue and learning: sustainable fisheries and the case of co-management
- 2013
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Ingår i: EARLI 2013: Book of Abstracts. ; 2013, s. 114-114, s. 114-114
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- More inclusive forms of governance are increasingly advocated that allow for stakeholder participation and joint capacity building. Platforms for dialogue and the exchange of knowledge are seen as one tool to integrate different knowledge systems such as science and local knowledge. In this study, we examine a Swedish Co-management Initiative of fisheries using an integrated version of Plummer and Fitzgibbon’s ‘Adaptive Co-Management’ (2004) and Senecah’s ‘Trinity of Voice’ (2004) frameworks in analysing the participation process, communication, and learning outcomes. The results show that participating actors were successful in developing trust and enhancing learning, starting with a conflict situation and diverging interests. Attention to ‘access’ and ‘standing’ as part of participation, and skilled facilitation, were key issues in achieving these results. The article provides insights with regard to the use of established frameworks, here applied to an empirical case, enhance our understanding of learning in conflicted contexts, and helps practitioners in designing and institutionalizing learning processes and platforms in other contexts.
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| 7. |
- Lundholm, Cecilia, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Participation, learning and sustainable fisheries: the case of co-management at lake Vättern, Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Communications for the Commons: Revisiting Participation and the Environment. ; , s. 22-33
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we apply multiple perspectives in order to investigate a co- management initiative of fisheries in Sweden, using the frameworks of Adaptive Co-Management and the Trinity of Voice along with a cognitive and social perspective. The analysis and evaluation of participation in environmental governance, here fisheries, focuses on the context, pre-conditions and outcomes, as well as the participatory and communicative process of the initiative, identifying critical factors supporting and hindering the success of the exercise in relation to expected outcomes. We conclude that the project generated positive outcomes and discuss the supporting factors of this result. The discussion also focuses on the need to bring a cognitive and social perspective in to the analysis as it explains the pre-conditions - in terms of the differing ways that participants view and understand ecological problems and changes - and that these views are crucial aspects of the communicative process and need to be addressed and attended to.
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- Sivars, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Cell-Free Human Papillomavirus DNA Is a Sensitive Biomarker for Prognosis and for Early Detection of Relapse in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer
- 2024
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Ingår i: Clinical Cancer Research. - : American Association For Cancer Research (AACR). - 1078-0432 .- 1557-3265. ; 30:13, s. 2764-2771
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the cause of the majority of cervical cancer cases and has been showed to be released as cell-free tumor DNA (ctHPV DNA) into the circulation. Here, we analyze if ctHPV DNA could be used as a prognostic biomarker and/or to detect relapse earlier than traditional methods in locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC).Experimental Design: A total of 74 patients with LACC were included; 66of 74 were positive for 13 high-risk HPV types on a bead-based assay of tumor biopsy samples. HPV-type-specific droplet digital PCR assays were developed. Longitudinal plasma samples were then analyzed for the biopsy-verified HPV type for each patient. In total, 418 plasma samples were analyzed. Patients were followed for a median of 37 months. Results were correlated to tumor and clinical characteristics.Results: Of the pretreatment plasma samples, 92.4% were positive for ctHPV DNA. Persistent ctHPV DNA in end-of-treatment, early follow-up (1-2 months after end-of-treatment), or tumor evaluation (3-4 months after end-of-treatment) plasma was correlated with worse progression-free survival (P < 0.001) compared with if ctHPV DNA was not found. The positive predictive value of ctHPV status at early follow-up for predicting disease progression was 87.5%, and the negative predictive value was 89.3%. ctHPV DNA was found in plasma before relapse was diagnosed using radiology in all patients (n = 10) who experienced relapse after complete clinical response to treatment with a median 315 days lead time.Conclusions: ctHPV DNA in follow-up plasma is a promising prognostic biomarker in patients with LACC, useful for analysis of response to therapy and for early detection of relapse.
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- Stöhr, Christian, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Stakeholder participation and sustainable fisheries: an integrative framework for assessing adaptive comanagement processes
- 2014
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Ingår i: Ecology and Society. - 1708-3087. ; 19:3, s. 14-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adaptive comanagement (ACM) has been suggested as the way to successfully achieve sustainable environmental governance. Despite excellent research, the field still suffers from underdeveloped frameworks of causality. To address this issue, we suggest a framework that integrates the structural frame of Plummer and Fitzgibbons’ “adaptive comanagement” with the specific process characteristics of Senecah’s “Trinity of Voice.” The resulting conceptual hybrid is used to guide the comparison of two cases of stakeholder participation in fisheries management—the Swedish Co-management Initiative and the Polish Fisheries Roundtable. We examine how different components of preconditions and the process led to the observed outcomes. The analysis shows that despite the different cultural and ecological contexts, the cases developed similar results. Triggered by a crisis, the participating stakeholders were successful in developing trust and better communication and enhanced learning. This can be traced back to a combination of respected leadership, skilled mediation, and a strong focus on deliberative approaches and the creation of respectful dialogue. We also discuss the difficulties of integrating outcomes of the work of such initiatives into the actual decision-making process. Finally, we specify the lessons learned for the cases and the benefits of applying our integrated framework.
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