| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Niemi, MEK, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 3. |
- Mishra, A, et al.
(författare)
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Diminishing benefits of urban living for children and adolescents' growth and development
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 615:7954, s. 874-883
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1–6. Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from 71 million participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents aged 5–19 years on the basis of rural and urban place of residence in 200 countries and territories from 1990 to 2020. In 1990, children and adolescents residing in cities were taller than their rural counterparts in all but a few high-income countries. By 2020, the urban height advantage became smaller in most countries, and in many high-income western countries it reversed into a small urban-based disadvantage. The exception was for boys in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and in some countries in Oceania, south Asia and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. In these countries, successive cohorts of boys from rural places either did not gain height or possibly became shorter, and hence fell further behind their urban peers. The difference between the age-standardized mean BMI of children in urban and rural areas was <1.1 kg m–2 in the vast majority of countries. Within this small range, BMI increased slightly more in cities than in rural areas, except in south Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and some countries in central and eastern Europe. Our results show that in much of the world, the growth and developmental advantages of living in cities have diminished in the twenty-first century, whereas in much of sub-Saharan Africa they have amplified.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bravo, L, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 6. |
- Tabiri, S, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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Commissioning of the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer with cosmic rays
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 70:3, s. 875-916
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider has collected several hundred million cosmic ray events during 2008 and 2009. These data were used to commission the Muon Spectrometer and to study the performance of the trigger and tracking chambers, their alignment, the detector control system, the data acquisition and the analysis programs. We present the performance in the relevant parameters that determine the quality of the muon measurement. We discuss the single element efficiency, resolution and noise rates, the calibration method of the detector response and of the alignment system, the track reconstruction efficiency and the momentum measurement. The results show that the detector is close to the design performance and that the Muon Spectrometer is ready to detect muons produced in high energy proton-proton collisions.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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Readiness of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter for LHC collisions
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 70:4, s. 1193-1236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Tile hadronic calorimeter of the ATLAS detector has undergone extensive testing in the experimental hall since its installation in late 2005. The readout, control and calibration systems have been fully operational since 2007 and the detector has successfully collected data from the LHC single beams in 2008 and first collisions in 2009. This paper gives an overview of the Tile Calorimeter performance as measured using random triggers, calibration data, data from cosmic ray muons and single beam data. The detector operation status, noise characteristics and performance of the calibration systems are presented, as well as the validation of the timing and energy calibration carried out with minimum ionising cosmic ray muons data. The calibration systems' precision is well below the design value of 1%. The determination of the global energy scale was performed with an uncertainty of 4%.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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Studies of the performance of the ATLAS detector using cosmic-ray muons
- 2011
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 71:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Muons from cosmic-ray interactions in the atmosphere provide a high-statistics source of particles that can be used to study the performance and calibration of the ATLAS detector. Cosmic-ray muons can penetrate to the cavern and deposit energy in all detector subsystems. Such events have played an important role in the commissioning of the detector since the start of the installation phase in 2005 and were particularly important for understanding the detector performance in the time prior to the arrival of the first LHC beams. Global cosmic-ray runs were undertaken in both 2008 and 2009 and these data have been used through to the early phases of collision data-taking as a tool for calibration, alignment and detector monitoring. These large datasets have also been used for detector performance studies, including investigations that rely on the combined performance of different subsystems. This paper presents the results of performance studies related to combined tracking, lepton identification and the reconstruction of jets and missing transverse energy. Results are compared to expectations based on a cosmic-ray event generator and a full simulation of the detector response.
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| 26. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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The ATLAS Inner Detector commissioning and calibration
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 70:3, s. 787-821
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ATLAS Inner Detector is a composite tracking system consisting of silicon pixels, silicon strips and straw tubes in a 2 T magnetic field. Its installation was completed in August 2008 and the detector took part in data-taking with single LHC beams and cosmic rays. The initial detector operation, hardware commissioning and in-situ calibrations are described. Tracking performance has been measured with 7.6 million cosmic-ray events, collected using a tracking trigger and reconstructed with modular pattern-recognition and fitting software. The intrinsic hit efficiency and tracking trigger efficiencies are close to 100%. Lorentz angle measurements for both electrons and holes, specific energy-loss calibration and transition radiation turn-on measurements have been performed. Different alignment techniques have been used to reconstruct the detector geometry. After the initial alignment, a transverse impact parameter resolution of 22.1 +/- 0.9 mu m and a relative momentum resolution sigma (p) /p=(4.83 +/- 0.16)x10(-4) GeV(-1)xp (T) have been measured for high momentum tracks.
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| 27. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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The ATLAS Simulation Infrastructure
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 70:3, s. 823-874
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The simulation software for the ATLAS Experiment at the Large Hadron Collider is being used for large-scale production of events on the LHC Computing Grid. This simulation requires many components, from the generators that simulate particle collisions, through packages simulating the response of the various detectors and triggers. All of these components come together under the ATLAS simulation infrastructure. In this paper, that infrastructure is discussed, including that supporting the detector description, interfacing the event generation, and combining the GEANT4 simulation of the response of the individual detectors. Also described are the tools allowing the software validation, performance testing, and the validation of the simulated output against known physics processes.
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| 28. |
- Beideck, DJ, et al.
(författare)
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Lifetimes of 5d96p and 5d86s6p levels in Hg iii
- 1993
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Ingår i: Physical Review A (Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics). - 1050-2947. ; 47:2, s. 884-889
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experimental and theoretical studies of lifetimes and transition probabilities for doubly ionized mercury, Hg III, are reported. Such data are currently of great astrophysical interest because observations with the Goddard high resolution spectrograph on board the Hubble space telescope have shown some 5d(9)6s-5d(9)6p transitions of Hg III in the spectrum of the chemically peculiar star chi Lupi. We now report experimental lifetimes for some selected 5d(9)6p and 5d(8)6s6p levels, determined by beam-foil spectroscopy, and compare the results with theoretical transition probabilities based on relativistic multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock calculations.
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| 29. |
- Curtis, LJ, et al.
(författare)
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Relativistic empirical specification of transition probabilities from measured lifetime and energy level data
- 1997
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Ingår i: Physica Scripta. Topical Issues. - : IOP Publishing. - 0281-1847. ; 56:3, s. 240-244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A relativistic extension is made of methods by which intermediate coupling amplitudes are deduced from measured energy levels and combined with measured lifetimes to obtain transition probabilities within a multiplet between two pure configurations. A procedure for incorporating the relativistic j-dependence of the radial transition integral into the empirical data reduction is presented and applied to the isoelectronic formulation of the 2s(2)-2s2p transitions in the Be sequence and the 6s(2)6p(2)-6s(2)6p7s transitions in the Pb sequence.
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| 30. |
- de Jong, S, et al.
(författare)
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Applying polygenic risk scoring for psychiatric disorders to a large family with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder
- 2018
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Ingår i: Communications biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 1, s. 163-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psychiatric disorders are thought to have a complex genetic pathology consisting of interplay of common and rare variation. Traditionally, pedigrees are used to shed light on the latter only, while here we discuss the application of polygenic risk scores to also highlight patterns of common genetic risk. We analyze polygenic risk scores for psychiatric disorders in a large pedigree (n ~ 260) in which 30% of family members suffer from major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder. Studying patterns of assortative mating and anticipation, it appears increased polygenic risk is contributed by affected individuals who married into the family, resulting in an increasing genetic risk over generations. This may explain the observation of anticipation in mood disorders, whereby onset is earlier and the severity increases over the generations of a family. Joint analyses of rare and common variation may be a powerful way to understand the familial genetics of psychiatric disorders.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Henderson, M, et al.
(författare)
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Lifetime measurements for ground term transitions in TaII, WII, and ReII
- 1999
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 520:2, s. 805-810
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lifetime measurements have been made for the radiation emitted in the ground term transitions of the nominal form 5s(2)5p(6)5d(x)6s-5s(2)5p(6)5d(x)6p in Ta II (x = 3), W II (x = 4), and Re II (x = 5). Supporting theoretical calculations have also been performed to characterize configuration interaction and to estimate the degree of decay branching of the upper levels. The lifetime measurements have been combined with these theoretical considerations and with branching fractions deduced from the emission measurements of Corliss & Bozman to specify the oscillator strengths of these transitions. The results are discussed in the context of spectroscopic data obtained from orbiting telescopes and applied to Hubble Space Telescope spectra to estimate the tungsten abundance in Sirius.
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| 33. |
- Henderson, M, et al.
(författare)
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Lifetimes of the 5d(9)6p levels in HgIII
- 1999
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Ingår i: Physical Review A (Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics). - 1050-2947. ; 59:5, s. 4068-4070
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report measurements and theoretical calculations for the lifetimes of the 5d(9)6p levels in Hg nr with J = 0,2,3,4. This is an extension of earlier measurements of the lifetimes of the 5d(9)6p levels in Hg III with J = 1, and now provides data for all 12 of the levels. The results also provide an isoelectronic comparison with earlier studies of these levels in Au II of the Pt sequence, and a homologous comparison with earlier studies of the 4d(9)5p levels in Ag II, Cd III, and In IV in the Pd sequence. [S1050-2947(99)10905-3].
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Jupén, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Additions to the spectra of highly ionized molybdenum, Mo XXIV-Mo XXVIII
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physica Scripta. - 0031-8949. ; 68:4, s. 230-232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have observed radiation from highly charged molybdenum ions in the JET tokamak plasmas. Spectra were recorded in the wavelength range 70-110 Angstrom, resulting in the classification of 15 new n = 3. Deltan = 0 transitions in Mo XXIV-Mo XXVIII.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Menden, MP, et al.
(författare)
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Community assessment to advance computational prediction of cancer drug combinations in a pharmacogenomic screen
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 10:1, s. 2674-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effectiveness of most cancer targeted therapies is short-lived. Tumors often develop resistance that might be overcome with drug combinations. However, the number of possible combinations is vast, necessitating data-driven approaches to find optimal patient-specific treatments. Here we report AstraZeneca’s large drug combination dataset, consisting of 11,576 experiments from 910 combinations across 85 molecularly characterized cancer cell lines, and results of a DREAM Challenge to evaluate computational strategies for predicting synergistic drug pairs and biomarkers. 160 teams participated to provide a comprehensive methodological development and benchmarking. Winning methods incorporate prior knowledge of drug-target interactions. Synergy is predicted with an accuracy matching biological replicates for >60% of combinations. However, 20% of drug combinations are poorly predicted by all methods. Genomic rationale for synergy predictions are identified, including ADAM17 inhibitor antagonism when combined with PIK3CB/D inhibition contrasting to synergy when combined with other PI3K-pathway inhibitors in PIK3CA mutant cells.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Nilsson, Hampus, et al.
(författare)
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Measurements of transition probabilities for complex ions
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physica Scripta. - 0031-8949. ; T105, s. 61-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fourier transform spectroscopy has proven to be a useful toot when measuring wavelengths and branching fractions. The high spectral resolution makes it possible to extend and improve term analyses of complex spectra. We present an overview of our measurements with the Fourier transform spectrometer at Lund Observatory. Much of our work is motivated by astrophysical problems, and we show an application of some of our measurements related to the age determination of the Galaxy.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Zhiguo, Zhang, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental and theoretical studies of lifetimes and transition probabilities for Au II
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-4075 .- 1361-6455. ; 35:3, s. 483-490
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report lifetime measurements for three of the 5d(9)6p levels in An II and relativistic multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock (MCDF) calculations of lifetimes and transitions probabilities in this ion. The work was motivated by significant disagreements between previous experimental 5d(9)6p lifetimes, obtained by means of the beam-foil (BF) method and theoretical data based on Hartree-Fock calculations in which relativistic effects were included as perturbations. The new measurements, based on laser-induced fluorescence, support the BF data and are also in excellent agreement with the MCDF results. We confirm that, while computational methods which include perturbative relativistic corrections appear to be adequate for moderately heavy elements such as Ag, fully relativistic calculations are essential for describing systems as heavy as Au.
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| 47. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2011
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swepub:Mat__t (refereegranskat)
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| 48. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2011
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 49. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2012
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swepub:Mat__t (refereegranskat)
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| 50. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2012
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swepub:Mat__t (refereegranskat)
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