| 1. |
- Arai, Sally, et al.
(författare)
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Increasing incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease in allogeneic transplantation : a report from the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Biology of blood and marrow transplantation. - : Elsevier BV. - 1083-8791 .- 1523-6536. ; 21:2, s. 266-74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although transplant practices have changed over the last decades, no information is available on trends in incidence and outcome of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) over time. This study used the central database of the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR) to describe time trends for cGVHD incidence, nonrelapse mortality, and risk factors for cGVHD. The 12-year period was divided into 3 intervals, 1995 to 1999, 2000 to 2003, and 2004 to 2007, and included 26,563 patients with acute leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, and myelodysplastic syndrome. Multivariate analysis showed an increased incidence of cGVHD in more recent years (odds ratio = 1.19, P < .0001), and this trend was still seen when adjusting for donor type, graft type, or conditioning intensity. In patients with cGVHD, nonrelapse mortality has decreased over time, but at 5 years there were no significant differences among different time periods. Risk factors for cGVHD were in line with previous studies. This is the first comprehensive characterization of the trends in cGVHD incidence and underscores the mounting need for addressing this major late complication of transplantation in future research.
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| 2. |
- Elbir, Haitham, et al.
(författare)
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Complete genome sequence of Borrelia crocidurae
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Bacteriology. - : American Society of Microbiology, Washington, USA. - 0021-9193 .- 1098-5530. ; 194:14, s. 3723-3724
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We announce the draft genome sequence of Borrelia crocidurae (strain Achema). The 1,557,560-bp genome (27% GC content) comprises one 919,477-bp linear chromosome and 638,083-bp plasmids that together carry 1,472 open reading frames, 32 tRNAs, and three complete rRNAs, with almost complete colinearity between B. crocidurae and Borrelia duttonii chromosomes.
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| 3. |
- Larsson, Christer, 1975-
(författare)
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Pathobiology of African relapsing fever Borrelia
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Relapsing fever (RF) is a disease caused by tick- or louse-transmitted bacteria of the genus Borrelia. It occurs worldwide but is most common in Africa where it is one of the most prevalent bacterial diseases. The main manifestation is a recurring fever which coincides with massive numbers of bacteria in the blood. Severity ranges from asymptomatic to fatal.RF is usually considered a transient disease. In contrast, B. duttonii causes a persistent, residual brain infection in C57BL/6 mice which remains long time after the bacteria are cleared from the blood. The host gene expression pattern is indistinguishable from that of uninfected animals, indicating that persistent bacteria are not recognized by the immune system nor do they cause noticeable tissue damage. This is probably due to the quite low number of bacteria residing in the brain. The silent infection can be reactivated by immunosuppression allowing bacteria to re-enter the blood. To investigate if the residual infection is in a quiescent state or if the bacteria are actively dividing, mice with residual brain infection were treated with the cell-wall disrupting antibiotic ceftriaxone, which is only active against dividing bacteria. Since all mice were cured by ceftriaxone we conclude that the bacteria are actively growing in the brain rather than being in a latent, dormant state. The brain is used as an immunoprivileged site to escape host immune defence and probably as a reservoir for bacteria.RF is a common cause of pregnancy complications, miscarriage and neonatal death in sub-Saharan Africa. We established a murine model of gestational relapsing fever to study the pathological development of these complications. B. duttonii infection during pregnancy results in intrauterine growth retardation as well as placental damage and inflammation. Spirochetes cross the maternal-foetal barrier, resulting in congenital infection. Further, pregnancy has a protective effect, resulting in milder disease during pregnancy.A clinic-based study to investigate the presence of RF in Togo was performed. Blood from patients with fever were examined for RF by microscopy, GlpQ ELISA and PCR. About 10% of the patients were positive by PCR and 13% had antibodies to GlpQ. Many RF patients originally had a misdiagnosis of malaria, which resulted in ineffective treatment. The inability of microscopic analysis to detect spirochetes demonstrates the need for tests with greater sensitivity. To provide simple, fast, cheap and sensitive diagnostics using equipment available in small health centres, a method based on enrichment of bacteria by centrifugation and detection by Giemsa staining was developed which detects <10 spirochetes/ml.To study the phylogeny of RF, IGS and glpQ were sequenced and neighbor joining trees were constructed. B. persica and B. hispanica were distant from the other species iswhereas B. crocidurae appeared to be a heterogeneous species. B. duttonii is polyphyletic in relation to B. recurrentis suggesting that the two species may in fact be the same or have a polyphyletic origin.
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| 4. |
- Margos, Gabriele, et al.
(författare)
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Rejection of the name Borreliella and all proposed species comb. nov. placed therein
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. - : MICROBIOLOGY SOC. - 1466-5026 .- 1466-5034. ; 70:5, s. 3577-3581
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rejection (nomen rejiciendum) of the name Borreliella and all new combinations therein is being requested on grounds of risk to human health and patient safety (Principle 1, subprinciple 2 and Rule 56a) and violation to aim for stability of names, to avoid useless creation of names (Principle 1, subprinciple 1 and 3) and that names should not be changed without sufficient reason (Principle 9 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes).
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| 5. |
- Thein, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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Oms38 is the first identified pore-forming protein in the outer membrane of relapsing fever spirochetes
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Bacteriology. - 0021-9193 .- 1098-5530. ; 190:21, s. 7035-7042
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Relapsing fever is a worldwide, endemic disease caused by several spirochetal species belonging to the genus Borrelia. During the recurring fever peaks, borreliae proliferate remarkably quickly compared to the slow dissemination of Lyme disease Borrelia and therefore require efficient nutrient uptake from the blood of their hosts. This study describes the identification and characterization of the first relapsing fever porin, which is present in the outer membranes of B. duttonii, B. hermsii, B. recurrentis, and B. turicatae. The pore-forming protein was purified by hydroxyapatite chromatography and designated Oms38, for outer membrane-spanning protein of 38 kDa. Biophysical characterization of Oms38 was done by using the black lipid bilayer method, demonstrating that Oms38 forms small, water-filled channels of 80 pS in 1 M KCl that did not exhibit voltage-dependent closure. The Oms38 channel is slightly selective for anions and shows a ratio of permeability for cations over anions of 0.41 in KCl. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences demonstrated that Oms38 contains an N-terminal signal sequence which is processed under in vivo conditions. Oms38 is highly conserved within the four studied relapsing fever species, sharing an overall amino acid identity of 58% and with a strong indication for the presence of amphipathic beta-sheets.
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