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1.	Abrandt Dahlgren, Madeleine, et al. (författare) I takt och otakt : om teori och praktik 2009. - 1 Ingår i: Lärande på vuxnas vis. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144042763 ; , s. 43-59 Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Denna bok belyser och jämför flera gemensamma brännpunkter i kommunal vuxenutbildning, folkhögskola och högskola: till vilka utbildningarna riktas, hur de utformas didaktiskt, hur de studerande betygssätts och bedöms. Författarna använder konkreta exempel när de diskuterar bland annat utbildares och studerandes perspektiv på dessa områden. Boken riktar sig till blivande och verksamma personalvetare, yrkes- och studievägledare samt pedagoger.
2.	Axelsson, Rose-Marie, 1962-, et al. (författare) Conceptualising Professional Identification as Flexibility, Stability and Ambivalence 2010 Ingår i: Learning through Practice. - Dordrecht : Springer. - 9789048139385 - 9789048139392 ; , s. 120-138 Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract This chapter discusses physicians’ and engineers’ professional identity formation through engagement in practice. First, the concept of professional identification as the enactment of life politics is advanced. Professional identification is here viewed as an ongoing process in the context of lifelong learning, where learners’ subjectivities and life trajectories are significant. Second, the concepts flexibility, stability and ambivalence are introduced and used dialectically as analytical tools for understanding physicians’ and engineers’ experiences of learning through their different practices. In discussing these concepts, we illustrate the conception of life-politics by means of empirical examples of how subjectivity, everyday life experiences, and conditions in different practices interplay in the process of professional identification. Third, we show how the processes of becoming an engineer or a physician stand as substantially different processes, seemingly more or less articulated and determined. Moreover, being an engineer or physician reflects additional aspects of learning through the process of identification with the professional role, including the impact of the work itself and of the personal self. In all, our findings suggest that the engineers identify with the content and nature of the work itself as a flexible strategy, thereby making the identification with the profession ambivalent. The physicians, on the other hand, seem to build a character as a doctor with which they identify permanently, thereby shaping a fragile boundary between their selves and the profession. Finally, an interpretive model is proposed, where the life-politics of the individuals is expressed through flexibility, stability, and ambivalence.
3.	Axelsson, Rose-Marie, 1962- (författare) Formbara människor : Högre utbildning och arbete som utsnitt ur läkares och civilingenjörers levnadsbanor 2008 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Fokus i denna avhandling utgör läkares och civilingenjörers kunskaps- och identifikationsprocesser under utbildning och arbete – vilka studeras som utsnitt ur levnadsbanor. Syftet är att beskriva och tolka relationen mellan högre utbildning och arbete, dels utifrån föreställningar i forskning och policy, dels utifrån människors subjektivitet, vardagserfarenheter och liv. Studien baseras på textanalys och intervjuer med läkare och IT-ingenjörer under de första åren i arbetslivet och yrket. Kännetecknande är att processer följs över tid genom en longitudinell design.Den teoretiska ramen struktureras runt tre länkade teman: Kunskap och dynamiker i det samtida samhället; Högre utbildning och arbete; Människors formbarhet. Reflexiv tolkning utgör metodologisk ansats. Begreppen flexibilitet, stabilitet och ambivalens används dialektiskt vid analys av empiriska data.Avhandlingen visar att människors subjektivitet och vardagserfarenheter samspelar med generella föreställningar och sammanhangens reella förhållanden. Utbildnings- och yrkesval kan förstås som uttryck för såväl reflexiva livsprojekt som subjektiva dynamiker. Att formas till civilingenjör och läkare ter sig på vitt skilda sätt. Ingenjörerna formas till generalister och ”spelar med säkra kort” medan läkarna bygger en karaktär och ”spelar med sig själva som insats”. I arbetet använder civilingenjörerna titeln som en flexibel strategi – identifikation är främst bunden till plats, funktion och arbetstid. Läkarnas identifikation med yrket utgör ett konstant tillstånd – läkare är något de alltid är, också på fritiden – yrket är starkt bundet till person. Resultaten indikerar att både ingenjörs- och läkaryrket kännetecknas av livslånga kvalificeringsprocesser. De visar sig stark exkluderande över tid.Relationen mellan högre utbildning och arbetet diskuteras vidare i avhandlingen genom människors levnadsbanor och i termer av såväl formbara som hållbara liv.
4.	Dahlberg, Johanna, et al. (författare) Ten years of simulation-based shoulder dystocia training-impact on obstetric outcome, clinical management, staff confidence, and the pedagogical practice - a time series study 2018 Ingår i: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. - : BMC. - 1471-2393 .- 1471-2393. ; 18 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: To assess the impact of 10 years of simulation-based shoulder dystocia training on clinical outcomes, staff confidence, management, and to scrutinize the characteristics of the pedagogical practice of the simulation training. Methods: In 2008, a simulation-based team-training program (PROBE) was introduced at a medium sized delivery unit in Linkoping, Sweden. Data concerning maternal characteristics, management, and obstetric outcomes was compared between three groups; prePROBE (before PROBE was introduced, 2004-2007), early postPROBE (2008-2011) and late postPROBE (2012-2015). Staff responded to an electronic questionnaire, which included questions about self-confidence and perceived sense of security in acute obstetrical situations. Empirical data from the pedagogical practice was gathered through observational field notes of video-recordings of maternity care teams participating in simulation exercises and was further analyzed using collaborative video analysis. Results: The number of diagnosed shoulder dystocia increased from 0.9/1000 prePROBE to 1.8 and 2.5/1000 postPROBE. There were no differences in maternal characteristics between the groups. The rate of brachial plexus injuries in deliveries complicated with shoulder dystocia was 73% prePROBE compared to 17% in the late postPROBE group (p amp;gt; 0.05). The dominant maneuver to solve the shoulder dystocia changed from posterior arm extraction to internal rotation of the anterior shoulder between the pre and postPROBE groups. The staff questionnaire showed how the majority of the staff (48-62%) felt more confident when handling a shoulder dystocia after PROBE training. A model of facilitating relational reflection adopted seems to provide ways of keeping the collaboration and learning in the interprofessional team clearly focused. Conclusions: To introduce and sustain a shoulder dystocia training program for delivery staff improved clinical outcome. The impaired management and outcome of this rare, emergent and unexpectedly event might be explained by the learning effect in the debriefing model, clearly focused on the team and related to daily clinical practice.
5.	Abdel-Rehim, Mohamed, et al. (författare) Microextraction in packed syringe (MEPS) utilizing methylcyanopropyl silarylene as coating polymer for extraction of drugs in biological samples 2006 Ingår i: J. Liq. Chromatogr. & Relat. Technol., 29 (2006) No. 17, 2537-2544. Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
6.	Abdel-Rehim, Mohamed, et al. (författare) Quantification of ropivacaine and its major metabolites in human urine samples utilizing microextraction in packed syringe automated with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (MEPS-LC-MS-MS) 2006 Ingår i: J. Sep. Sci., 29 (2006) 1658-1661. Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
7.	Alexander, Stephen P. H., et al. (författare) The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2023/24: G protein-coupled receptors 2023 Ingår i: BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY. - : British pharmacological society. - 0007-1188 .- 1476-5381. ; 180 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2023/24 is the sixth in this series of biennial publications. The Concise Guide provides concise overviews, mostly in tabular format, of the key properties of approximately 1800 drug targets, and about 6000 interactions with about 3900 ligands. There is an emphasis on selective pharmacology (where available), plus links to the open access knowledgebase source of drug targets and their ligands (), which provides more detailed views of target and ligand properties. Although the Concise Guide constitutes almost 500 pages, the material presented is substantially reduced compared to information and links presented on the website. It provides a permanent, citable, point-in-time record that will survive database updates. The full contents of this section can be found at . G protein-coupled receptors are one of the six major pharmacological targets into which the Guide is divided, with the others being: ion channels, nuclear hormone receptors, catalytic receptors, enzymes and transporters. These are presented with nomenclature guidance and summary information on the best available pharmacological tools, alongside key references and suggestions for further reading. The landscape format of the Concise Guide is designed to facilitate comparison of related targets from material contemporary to mid-2023, and supersedes data presented in the 2021/22, 2019/20, 2017/18, 2015/16 and 2013/14 Concise Guides and previous Guides to Receptors and Channels. It is produced in close conjunction with the Nomenclature and Standards Committee of the International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (NC-IUPHAR), therefore, providing official IUPHAR classification and nomenclature for human drug targets, where appropriate.
8.	Barrenäs, Marie-Louise, 1952, et al. (författare) The association between short stature and sensorineural hearing loss 2005 Ingår i: Hear Res. ; 205:1-2, s. 123-30 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In order to test the Thrifty Phenotype Hypothesis on hearing, data from two cross-sectional studies on hearing were re-evaluated. The data sets comprised 500 18-year-old conscripts, and 483 noise-exposed male employees. Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) was over-represented among conscripts with a short stature (odds ratio=2.2) or hearing loss in the family (odds ration=4.2), but not among noise-exposed conscripts (odds ratio=0.9-1.3). Among noise-exposed short employees, hypertension and age exhibited a negative impact on high frequency hearing thresholds, while among tall employees hypertension had no effect on hearing and the influence of age was less pronounced (p<0.01 for body height; p<0.02 for age, hypertension and the interaction between body height and hypertension; p<0.05 for the interaction between body height and age). This suggests that mechanisms linked to fetal programming and growth retardation and/or insulin-like growth factor 1 levels during fetal life, such as a delayed cell cycle during the time window when the cochlea develops, may cause SNHL in adulthood.
9.	Barrenäs, Marie-Louise, 1952, et al. (författare) The thrifty phenotype hypothesis and hearing problems 2003 Ingår i: Bmj. ; 327:7425, s. 1199-200 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
10.	Bergseth, Brita, 1943- (författare) Vägledande eller vilseledande? : Kvalitetsmätning och ranking av universitet och högskolor 2015 Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Få samhällsinstitutioner kan räkna sin historia lika långt tillbaka i tiden som universiteten. Utan tvekan kan akademin hävda sin hållbarhet som kunskapsorganisation. Det institutionella konceptet för att bedriva forskning och utbildning har under århundradenas lopp vunnit stora framgångar. Ett universitets auktoritet, autonomi och integritet är dock inte given.Sedan slutet av 1990-talet granskas, bedöms och rankas kvaliteten vid svenska lärosäten systematiskt av externa organisationer, offentliga myndigheter, intresseorganisationer och kommersiella medier både nationellt och internationellt. Syftet med granskningarna uppges som regel vara att informera en bred allmänhet och framför allt ge vägledning till blivande studenter om kvaliteten i högre utbildning. Men de modeller och metoder som tillämpas vid bedömningarna kan skilja sig åt väsentligt.I två empiriska studier analyseras och jämförs resultaten av tre skilda modeller för extern bedömning, mätning och rankning av kvaliteten vid 24 svenska universitet och högskolor. Modellerna har alla det gemensamt att bedömningarna baseras på högskolelagen och samma övergripande definition av begreppet kvalitet. Vilka faktorer som anses konstituera kvalitet varierar däremot liksom valet av data och metoder för kvalitetsmätning.I den första studien jämfördes resultaten från Högskoleverkets utvärdering av 119 utbildningsprogram inom medicin och vård med en kvalitetsranking av lärosäten som genomförts av en enskild förening, Urank. De statistiska analyser som gjordes av resultaten från de båda kvalitetsgranskningarna indikerade endast ett slumpmässigt samband. I flera fall var skillnaderna betydande.Också i den andra studien är utvärderingen av utbildningarna i medicin och vård ett av jämförelseobjekten. Den här gången jämfördes utfallen av utvärderingen med slutsatserna av de bedömningar som Högskoleverket under en sjuårsperiod gjort av lärosätenas systematiska kvalitetsarbete. Inte heller dessa analyser indikerade något annat än ett statistiskt slumpmässigt samband.Resultaten bekräftar svårigheterna att finna valida, tillförlitliga och relevanta modeller för kvalitetsbedömningar och rankningar. Hittills har det inte vuxit fram några internationellt vedertagna instrument för mätning av kvaliteten i högre utbildning. Trots det har i synnerhet internationella universitetsrankningar, så kallade ’league tables’, fått ett kraftigt genomslag både som informationskälla och styrinstrument i utvecklingen vid universitet och högskolor.Erfarenheterna från undersökningarna ger flera skäl att förhålla sig kritisk till resultat av utvärderingar, kvalitetsmätningar och ranking. Externa icke-akademiska organisationer, myndigheter och media, äger för närvarande initiativet ifråga om information och bedömningar av kvaliteten i högre utbildning. En successiv förskjutning syns också i utvecklingen från kollegial styrning till management. Samtidigt riskeras att lärosätenas akademiska auktoritet och autonomi urholkas.Slutsatserna understryker behovet av fortsatt metodutveckling för att etablera robusta granskningsmodeller som kan vinna tilltro såväl hos allmänheten som inom akademin själv.
11.	Björklund, Martin, 1961-, et al. (författare) Office-cycling while working : An innovative concept to prevent and reduce musculoskeletal pain in office workers - a controlled feasibility study 2015 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Background: According to the World Health Organization, WHO, a sedentary lifestyle is the single largest health risk for a number of diseases including musculoskeletal disorders and metabolic diseases. The negative health effects of excessive sitting are not compensated for by shorter bouts of increased physical activity. However, evidence shows that increased physical activity reduces musculoskeletal pain, which is very prevalent in those who are inactive. About 50-70 % of those who work at a computer report musculoskeletal pain and spend on average about 5 hours/day with very low energy metabolism. Work places are therefore an important arena for prevention and intervention by means of reducing sedentary time and increasing physical activity both for general health benefits and effects on the musculoskeletal pain.Purpose: To test the feasibility of office-cycling in an office work place and explore its potential effects on musculoskeletal pain in office workers.Methods: Twenty office workers (ages 27-61, 5 males) with musculoskeletal pain participated in this three-week controlled pilot field study. The intervention group (n=10), had access to an innovative customized cycle ergometer (OfficeBiking®) at their regular office workstation whilst performing their usual work tasks. Offie-cycling was an alternative to sitting/standing by their height adjustable office desk; they were instructed to bike as often as comfortable. The control group (n=10) was instructed to continue to work as usual. The experiences of office-cycling and how it influenced work performance was studied with a questionnaire. Musculoskeletal pain was evaluated using pain drawings and pain ratings and participants' total pain was calculated by adding each individuals' self-reported pain from their three most painful areas (NRS 0-10).Results: Importantly, office-cycling did not reduce self-reported work performance; the majority (9/10) would like daily access; and made suggestions to improve the user-friendliness of the bike. Office-cycling was used regularly (median, 11/15 workdays; median active time 59 min/day IQR 39;91). There was no observed difference regarding either number of self-reported areas of pain (NSAP) or general musculoskeletal pain (GMP) between the intervention group and the control group at baseline. Self-reported GMP decreased in 8 persons in the intervention group which was one more than in the control group (n=7). NSAP decreased in the intervention group (n=7; md -1,0 IQR -2,3;0,0); and the control group (n=5; md -0,5 IQR -1,3;0,3). The difference in total pain (intervention end-baseline) revealed a clinically important change in the intervention group (NRS -2,5, IQR -8,8;4,0) but not in the control group (NRS 0,0 IQR -6,2;2,5).Conclusions: The results suggest that office-cycling is a feasible method for use in work place interventions with some promising results. Future research suggestions are: underlying mechanisms regarding effects of physical activity on pain in parallel with controlled studies in laboratory environments to investigate dose-effects for metabolic expenditure and optimal pain reduction whilst office-cycling.Implications: The results in this feasibility study indicate a promising potential of the innovative office-cycling concept to prevent and reduce musculoskeletal pain in sedentary office workers.
12.	Bolldén, Karin, 1980- (författare) Online teaching practices : Sociomaterial matters in higher education settings 2015 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The aim of this study was to describe and analyse online teaching practices in the Swedish higher education context. The study had an online ethnographic approach and was based on empirical data on the teaching in two university courses. The study rested primarily on observational data but interviews and available documents also formed the basis for analysis. Empirical data were analysed with a perspective of practice theory – a perspective within a sociomaterial account. The results showed that online teaching was characterised by an embodied sociomaterial practice. The teacher’s body could be understood as both multiple and closely interwoven with technology. Furthermore, the teacher’s body was used in the teaching situation to reduce technological complexity but also, along with other forms of materiality, to prefigure what kind of teaching would take place. Teacher interventions in online environments could furthermore be understood as relational to both technology (that is the virtual material arrangement) and teachers’ doings and sayings (that is the teaching practice). Teacher interventions were aimed at making the arrangement intelligible for the students. The study showed that teacher interventions arranged both students and information and communication technology (ICT) in order to make them work as a teaching practice. The teaching practice that emerged was characterised as an interplay between virtual materiality and social practice, where asymmetricrelations between teachers and the ICT prevailed.
13.	Christiansen, Ditte Marie, et al. (författare) High-resolution data are necessary to detect the effects of climate on plant population dynamics Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
14.	Christopoulos, Arthur, et al. (författare) THE CONCISE GUIDE TO PHARMACOLOGY 2021/22: G protein-coupled receptors. 2021 Ingår i: British journal of pharmacology. - : Wiley. - 1476-5381 .- 0007-1188. ; 178 Suppl 1 Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2021/22 is the fifth in this series of biennial publications. The Concise Guide provides concise overviews, mostly in tabular format, of the key properties of nearly 1900 human drug targets with an emphasis on selective pharmacology (where available), plus links to the open access knowledgebase source of drug targets and their ligands (www.guidetopharmacology.org), which provides more detailed views of target and ligand properties. Although the Concise Guide constitutes over 500 pages, the material presented is substantially reduced compared to information and links presented on the website. It provides a permanent, citable, point-in-time record that will survive database updates. The full contents of this section can be found at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/bph.15538. G protein-coupled receptors are one of the six major pharmacological targets into which the Guide is divided, with the others being: ion channels, nuclear hormone receptors, catalytic receptors, enzymes and transporters. These are presented with nomenclature guidance and summary information on the best available pharmacological tools, alongside key references and suggestions for further reading. The landscape format of the Concise Guide is designed to facilitate comparison of related targets from material contemporary to mid-2021, and supersedes data presented in the 2019/20, 2017/18, 2015/16 and 2013/14 Concise Guides and previous Guides to Receptors and Channels. It is produced in close conjunction with the Nomenclature and Standards Committee of the International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (NC-IUPHAR), therefore, providing official IUPHAR classification and nomenclature for human drug targets, where appropriate.
15.	Dahlgren, Anna, et al. (författare) Randomised control trial of a proactive intervention supporting recovery in relation to stress and irregular work hours : effects on sleep, burn-out, fatigue and somatic symptoms 2022 Ingår i: Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : BMJ. - 1351-0711 .- 1470-7926. ; 79:7, s. 460-468 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objectives To examine if a proactive recovery intervention for newly graduated registered nurses (RNs) could prevent the development of sleep problems, burn-out, fatigue or somatic symptoms.Methods The study was a randomised control trial with parallel design. Newly graduated RNs with less than 12 months’ work experience were eligible to participate. 461 RNs from 8 hospitals in Sweden were invited, of which 207 signed up. These were randomised to either intervention or control groups. After adjustments, 99 RNs were included in the intervention group (mean age 27.5 years, 84.7% women) and 108 in the control group (mean age 27.0 years, 90.7% women). 82 RNs in the intervention group attended a group-administered recovery programme, involving three group sessions with 2 weeks between each session, focusing on proactive strategies for sleep and recovery in relation to work stress and shift work. Effects on sleep, burn-out, fatigue and somatic symptoms were measured by questionnaires at baseline, postintervention and at 6 months follow-up.Results Preventive effect was seen on somatic symptoms for the intervention group. Also, the intervention group showed less burn-out and fatigue symptoms at postintervention. However, these latter effects did not persist at follow-up. Participants used many of the strategies from the programme.Conclusions A proactive, group-administered recovery programme could be helpful in strengthening recovery and preventing negative health consequences for newly graduated RNs.Trial registration number NCT04246736.
16.	Dahlgren, Markus, et al. (författare) Design, Synthesis, and Multivariate Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship of Salicylanilides-Potent Inhibitors of Type III Secretion in Yersinia 2007 Ingår i: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-2623 .- 1520-4804. ; 50:24, s. 6177-6188 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Analogues to the salicylanilide N-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-acetoxy-3,5-diiodobenzamide, 1a, an inhibitor of type III secretion (T3S) in Yersinia, were selected, synthesized, and biologically evaluated in three cycles. First, a set of analogues with variations in the salicylic acid ring moiety was synthesized to probe possible structural variation. A basic structure-activity relationship was established and then used to cherry-pick compounds from a principal component analysis score plot of salicylanilides to generate a second set. A third set with increased likelihood of biological activity was designed using D-optimal onion design. A quantitative structure-activity relationship model using hierarchical partial least-square regression to latent structures (Hi-PLS) was computed using PLS score vectors of building blocks correlated to the % inhibition of T3S as a response. A PLS discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) model was derived using the same descriptor set as that for the Hi-PLS model. Both models were validated with an external test set.
17.	Dahlgren Sandberg, Annika, 1946, et al. (författare) Patterns in early interaction between prelinguistic children with severe speech and physical impairments and their parents 2008 Ingår i: Child Language Teaching and Therapy. ; 24, s. 9-30 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The aim of this study is to examine whether the asymmetrical pattern of communication usually found between people who use augmentative and alternative communication and their partners using natural speech was also found in the interaction between non-vocal young preschool children with cerebral palsy and their parents. Three parent–child dyads (children’s age 2;5–3;4 and developmental age 18 months) were video-recorded during everyday activities. Three comparison dyads with children matched for developmental age and sex with the children in the focus dyads were studied in the same situations. There were only small differences between the two sets of children, while the parents in the focus dyads were more active than the parents in the comparison dyads. The results are discussed in relation to early intervention, aiming at enhancing development of functional patterns of interaction.
18.	Ekvall, S., et al. (författare) Mutation in NRAS in familial Noonan syndrome - case report and review of the literature 2015 Ingår i: Bmc Medical Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2350. ; 16 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Noonan syndrome (NS), a heterogeneous developmental disorder associated with variable clinical expression including short stature, congenital heart defect, unusual pectus deformity and typical facial features, is caused by activating mutations in genes involved in the RAS-MAPK signaling pathway. Case presentation: Here, we present a clinical and molecular characterization of a small family with Noonan syndrome. Comprehensive mutation analysis of NF1, PTPN11, SOS1, CBL, BRAF, RAF1, SHOC2, MAP2K2, MAP2K1, SPRED1, NRAS, HRAS and KRAS was performed using targeted next-generation sequencing. The result revealed a recurrent mutation in NRAS, c.179G > A (p.G60E), in the index patient. This mutation was inherited from the index patient's father, who also showed signs of NS. Conclusions: We describe clinical features in this family and review the literature for genotype-phenotype correlations for NS patients with mutations in NRAS. Neither of affected individuals in this family presented with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML), which together with previously published results suggest that the risk for NS individuals with a germline NRAS mutation developing JMML is not different from the proportion seen in other NS cases. Interestingly, 50 % of NS individuals with an NRAS mutation (including our family) present with lentigines and/or Cafe-au-lait spots. This demonstrates a predisposition to hyperpigmented lesions in NRAS-positive NS individuals. In addition, the affected father in our family presented with a hearing deficit since birth, which together with lentigines are two characteristics of NS with multiple lentigines (previously LEOPARD syndrome), supporting the difficulties in diagnosing individuals with RASopathies correctly. The clinical and genetic heterogeneity observed in RASopathies is a challenge for genetic testing. However, next-generation sequencing technology, which allows screening of a large number of genes simultaneously, will facilitate an early and accurate diagnosis of patients with RASopathies.
19.	Epstein, Majken, et al. (författare) Sleep and fatigue in newly graduated nurses-Experiences and strategies for handling shiftwork 2020 Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 29:1-2, s. 184-194 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Aims and objectives: To explore newly graduated nurses' strategies for, and experiences of, sleep problems and fatigue when starting shiftwork. A more comprehensive insight into nurses' strategies, sleep problems, fatigue experiences and contributing factors is needed to understand what support should be provided. Background: For graduate nurses, the first years of practice are often stressful, with many reporting high levels of burnout symptoms. Usually, starting working as a nurse also means an introduction to shiftwork, which is related to sleep problems. Sleep problems may impair stress management and, at the same time, stress may cause sleep problems. Previously, sleep problems and fatigue have been associated with burnout, poor health and increased accident risk. Design and Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nurses (N = 11) from four different Swedish hospitals, and qualitative inductive content analysis was used. The study was approved by the Regional Ethical Review Board in Stockholm. The COREQ checklist was followed. Results: Many nurses lacked effective strategies for managing sleep and fatigue in relation to shiftwork. Various strategies were used, of which some might interfere with factors regulating and promoting sleep such as the homeostatic drive. Sleep problems were common during quick returns, often due to difficulties unwinding before sleep, and high workloads exacerbated the problems. The described consequences of fatigue in a clinical work context indicated impaired executive and nonexecutive cognitive function. Conclusion: The findings indicate that supporting strategies and behaviours for sleep and fatigue in an intervention for newly graduated nurses starting shiftwork may be of importance to improve well-being among nurses and increase patient safety. Relevance to clinical practice: This study highlights the importance of addressing sleep and fatigue issues in nursing education and work introduction programmes to increase patient safety and improve well-being among nurses.
20.	Forsman, Huamei, et al. (författare) Structural changes of the ligand and of the receptor alters the receptor preference for neutrophil activating peptides starting with a formylmethionyl group. 2015 Ingår i: Biochimica et biophysica acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3002. ; 1853:1, s. 192-200 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus strains produce N-formylmethionyl containing peptides, of which the tetrapeptide fMIFL is a potent activator of the neutrophil formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) and the PSMα2 peptide is a potent activator of the closely related FPR2. Variants derived from these two peptide activators were used to disclose the structural determinants for receptor interaction. Removal of five amino acids from the C-terminus of PSMα2 gave rise to a peptide that had lost the receptor-independent neutrophil permeabilizing effect, whereas neutrophil activation capacity as well as its preference for FPR2 was retained. Shorter peptides, PSMα21-10 and PSMα21-5, activate neutrophils, but the receptor preference for these peptides was switched to FPR1. The fMIFL-PSM5-16 peptide, in which the N-terminus of PSMα21-16 was replaced by the sequence fMIFL, was a dual agonist for FPR1/FPR2, whereas fMIFL-PSM5-10 preferred FPR1 to FPR2. Further, an Ile residue was identified as a key determinant for interaction with FPR2. A chimeric receptor in which the cytoplasmic tail of FPR1 was replaced by the corresponding part of FPR2 lost the ability to recognize FPR1 agonists, but gained function in relation to FPR2 agonists. Taken together, our data demonstrate that the C-terminus of the PSMα2 peptide plays a critical role for its cytotoxicity, but is not essential for the receptor-mediated pro-inflammatory activity. More importantly, we show that the amino acids present in the C-terminus, which are not supposed to occupy the agonist-binding pocket in the FPRs, are of importance for the choice of receptor.
21.	Forsman, Huamei, et al. (författare) Structural Characterization and Inhibitory Profile of Formyl Peptide Receptor 2 Selective Peptides Descending from a PIP2-Binding Domain of Gelsolin. 2012 Ingår i: Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950). - : The American Association of Immunologists. - 1550-6606 .- 0022-1767. ; 189:2, s. 629-637 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The neutrophil formyl peptide receptors, FPR1 and FPR2, play critical roles for inflammatory reactions, and receptor-specific antagonists/inhibitors can possibly be used to facilitate the resolution of pathological inflammatory reactions. A 10-aa-long rhodamine-linked and membrane-permeable peptide inhibitor (PBP10) has such a potential. This FPR2 selective inhibitor adopts a phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-binding sequence in the cytoskeletal protein gelsolin. A core peptide, RhB-QRLFQV, is identified that displays inhibitory effects as potent as the full-length molecule. The phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-binding capacity of PBP10 was not in its own sufficient for inhibition. A receptor in which the presumed cytoplasmic signaling C-terminal tail of FPR2 was replaced with that of FPR1 retained the PBP10 sensitivity, suggesting that the tail of FPR2 was not on its own critical for inhibition. This gains support from the fact that the effect of cell-penetrating lipopeptide (a pepducin), suggested to act primarily through the third intracellular loop of FPR2, was significantly inhibited by PBP10. The third intracellular loops of FPR1 and FPR2 differ in only two amino acids, but an FPR2 mutant in which these two amino acids were replaced by those present in FPR1 retained the PBP10 sensitivity. In summary, we conclude that the inhibitory activity on neutrophil function of PBP10 is preserved in the core sequence RhB-QRLFQV and that neither the third intracellular loop of FPR2 nor the cytoplasmic tail of the receptor alone is responsible for the specific inhibition.
22.	Forsman, Huamei, et al. (författare) The leukocyte chemotactic receptor FPR2, but not the closely related FPR1, is sensitive to cell-penetrating pepducins with amino acid sequences descending from the third intracellular receptor loop. 2013 Ingår i: Biochimica et biophysica acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3002. ; 1833:8, s. 1914-1923 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Lipidated peptides (pepducins) can activate certain G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) through a unique allosteric modulation mechanism involving cytosolic receptor domains. Pepducins with the amino acid sequence of the third intracellular loop of the neutrophil formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) as a common denominator were N-terminally conjugated with palmitic acid. F2Pal16, containing the 16 amino acids present in the third intracellular loop of FPR2, induced superoxide production in human neutrophils and the activity was sensitive to FPR2 antagonists. Cells over-expressing FPR2 were similarly responsive and responded with a transient increase in cytosolic calcium. No such effects were observed with the corresponding FPR1 pepducin. The peptide alone, lacking palmitic acid, did not activate neutrophils. A ten amino acid long pepducin F2Pal10, that was a more potent neutrophil activator than F2Pal16, was used for amino acid substitution studies. The sequences of FPR1 and FPR2 in the third intracellular loop differ by only two amino acids, and a pepducin with the FPR2-specific K231 replaced by the FPR1-specific Q231 lost all activity. The active F2Pal10 pepducin also triggered a response in cells expressing a mutated FPR2 with the third intracellular loop identical to that of FPR1. The data presented suggest that the same signaling pathways are activated when the signaling cascade is initiated by a classical receptor agonist (outside-in signaling) and when signaling starts on the cytosolic side of the membrane by a pepducin (inside-in signaling). A fundamental difference is also disclosed between the two neutrophil FPRs regarding their sensitivities to third intracellular loop pepducins.
23.	Gustafsson-Larsson, Susanne, et al. (författare) Bun-baking mums and subverters: The agency of network participants in a Rural Swedish county 2007 Ingår i: Women's Studies. - : Elsevier BV. - 0277-5395 .- 1879-243X. ; 30:1, s. 48-58 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract During the 1990s rural Swedish women positioned themselves as women and formed networks aimed at addressing various local and most often gender-related problems that limited their quality of life. The aim of this article is to empirically describe and theoretically discuss the idea of agency in the context of women's social practices of networking and to examine how the participants either reproduce or transform the gendered structures that shape them. The empirical data for this article consist primarily of discussions with focus groups and interviews with network participants. Through interpretations, a pattern of gendered power-relations was illuminated, which both influenced and constrained the participants' activities. We have interpreted the participants' networking agency as acts of protest against everything that limits their living conditions. As women develop strategies through networking, their resistance seems to become increasingly significant for the ongoing transformations of the gender order.
24.	Hildebrand, Eric, et al. (författare) Impact of a standardized training program on midwive’s ability to assess fetal heart anatomy by ultrasound 2014 Ingår i: BMC Medical Imaging. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2342. ; 14:20 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Studies of prenatal detection of congenital heart disease (CDH) in the UK, Italy, and Norway indicate that it should be possible to improve the prenatal detection rate of CDH in Sweden. These studies have shown that training programs, visualization of the outflow tracts and color-Doppler all can help to speed up and improve the detection rate and accuracy. We aimed to introduce a more accurate standardized fetal cardiac ultrasound screening protocol in Sweden.Methods: A novel pedagogical model for training midwives in standardized cardiac imaging was developed, a model using a think-aloud analysis during a pre- and post-course test and a subsequent group reflection. The self-estimated difficulties and knowledge gaps of four midwives were identified. A two-day course with mixed lectures, demonstrations and handson sessions was followed by a feedback session one month later consisting of an interview and check-up. The long-term effects were tested two years later.Results: At the post-course test the self-assessed uncertainty was lower than at the pre-course test. The qualitative evaluation showed that the color Doppler images were difficult to interpret, but the training seems to have enhanced the familiarity with the new technique. The ability to perform the method remained at the new level at follow-up both three months and two years later.Conclusions: Our results indicate that by implementing new imaging modalities and providing hands-on training, uncertainty can be reduced and time decreased, but they also show that continuous on-site training with clinical and technical back-up is important.
25.	Hopwood, Nick, et al. (författare) Double stimulation in healthcare emergencies : fostering expansive, collective tool use through simulation-based continuing professional education 2022 Ingår i: Pedagogy, Culture & Society. - : Routledge. - 1468-1366 .- 1747-5104. ; 30:1, s. 71-87 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This paper explains how simulation-based continuing professional education can enable professionals to overcome significant challenges in healthcare practice. It focuses on pedagogies that address conflicts of motives experienced by teams at work by promoting collective use of protocols and an auxiliary motive to collaborate in agile, relational practices. Data relating to a simulation programme (PROBE) associated with reduced injuries in emergency birth situations are examined. The concept of double stimulation informs analysis of simulated scenarios and linked debriefs. PROBE transforms a commonly used protocol from a memory tool used by individuals to an ‘in-between’ tool used expansively and collectively across the birthing team. Crucial to this are diverse epistemic levels of mediation that enable teams to resolve conflicted, high-stakes situations through fluid, responsive interactions. Indications in the data that PROBE pedagogies foster transformative agency among health professionals are highlighted and discussed. The paper thus adds to understanding of how double stimulation as a principle of volitional action can be put to work in continuing professional education.
26.	Hopwood, Nick, et al. (författare) How Professional Education Can Foster Praxis and Critical Praxis: An Example of Changing Practice in Healthcare 2022 Ingår i: Vocations and Learning. - : SPRINGER. - 1874-785X .- 1874-7868. ; 15:1, s. 49-70 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Learning is crucial to how professionals enact practices, and to how practices change. Professionals frequently encounter uncertainty regarding what to do, requiring praxis informed by practical wisdom, which takes into account the virtues of practice. Critical praxis takes this further, questioning current norms to reduce untoward effects. A simulation-based education program for healthcare professionals was selected for study due to strong evidence of sustained improvements in handling a rare and challenging birth emergency (shoulder dystocia). Videos of simulations and debrief discussions were analysed in terms of complexes of sayings, doings and relatings. Practitioners learned to respond in agile, collective ways to specific situations, through praxis. An extension to the theory of practice architectures is offered, based on two new concepts. Connective enactments involved narration, questioning, and directing actions. These contributed to collective accomplishments of fluid role-switching, responsive sequencing and pacing, and producing calm. These new concepts help to theorise how professional education can contribute to practice change by fostering praxis and critical praxis, addressing the architectures that shape practices.
27.	Hopwood, Nick, et al. (författare) Three Principles Informing Simulation-Based Continuing Education to Promote Effective Interprofessional Collaboration: Reorganizing, Reframing, and Recontextualizing 2020 Ingår i: Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 0894-1912 .- 1554-558X. ; 40:2, s. 81-88 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Introduction: Shoulder dystocia is a complex birth emergency where patient outcomes remain a concern. This article investigates the detailed processes of simulation-based continuing education in a hospital where evidence over 10 years demonstrates improvements in practitioner knowledge, enacted practices, and maternal and child outcomes. Methods: Data were collected by video recording teams participating in a shoulder dystocia simulation and debrief. Analysis combined grounded thematic development with purposive coding of enactments of a relevant protocol (the ALSO HELPERR). Results: Three themes were identified (three Rs) that capture how effective interprofessional collaboration is promoted through collectively oriented reflection: Reorganizing roles and responsibilities between team members; Reframing the problem of shoulder dystocia from individuals correctly following a protocol, to a team of professionals who need to attune to, respond to, and support one another; and Recontextualizing by collectively "commingling" theoretical knowledge with practical experience to reflect on actions and judgements. Discussion: The three Rs are relevant to diverse clinical settings and address gaps in knowledge relating to the process of interprofessional simulation. Together, they constitute a set of principles to inform the design and conduct of continuing education for interprofessional practice through simulation.
28.	Karlsson, Jennie, 1979, et al. (författare) The FPR2-specific ligand MMK-1 activates the neutrophil NADPH-oxidase, but triggers no unique pathway for opening of plasma membrane calcium channels. 2009 Ingår i: Cell calcium. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-1991 .- 0143-4160. ; 45:5, s. 431-8 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Human neutrophils express formyl peptide receptor 1 and 2 (FPR1 and FPR2), two highly homologous G-protein-coupled cell surface receptors important for the cellular recognition of chemotactic peptides. They share many functional as well as signal transduction features, but some fundamental differences have been described. One such difference was recently presented when the FPR2-specific ligand MMK-1 was shown to trigger a unique signal in neutrophils [S. Partida-Sanchez, P. Iribarren, M.E. Moreno-Garcia, et al., Chemotaxis and calcium responses of phagocytes to formyl peptide receptor ligands is differentially regulated by cyclic ADP ribose, J. Immunol. 172 (2004) 1896-1906]. This signal bypassed the emptying of the intracellular calcium stores, a route normally used to open the store-operated calcium channels present in the plasma membrane of neutrophils. Instead, the binding of MMK-1 to FPR2 was shown to trigger a direct opening of the plasma membrane channels. In this report, we add MMK-1 to a large number of FPR2 ligands that activate the neutrophil superoxide-generating NADPH-oxidase. In contrast to earlier findings we show that the transient rise in intracellular free calcium induced by MMK-1 involves both a release of calcium from intracellular stores and an opening of channels in the plasma membrane. The same pattern was obtained with another characterized FPR2 ligand, WKYMVM, and it is also obvious that the two formyl peptide receptor family members trigger the same type of calcium response in human neutrophils.
29.	Karseth,, Berit, et al. (författare) A theoretical framework for studies of higher education. 2010. - 1 Ingår i: Students as Journeymen Between Cultures of Higher Education and Work.. - Saarbrücken, Germany : Lambert Academic Publishing. - 9783838394626 ; , s. 20-33 Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The book reports on a longitudinal European resesrch project aiming at understanding how the transition between higher education and work life is experienced by the students. Informants are selected from a variety of study programs such as Psychology, Political science, Engineering and Law. The students are interviewed at the end of their studies and later after about one and a half year of work life experience. The aim is to describe and understand in what ways the studies have prepared the students for work life. The results indicate great differences between programs and also between the participating universities located in Sweden, Norway, Poland and Germany.
30.	Larson, Mia, et al. (författare) Putting ’fika’ at the top of the agenda – Research and industrial opportunities 2023 Ingår i: Presented at Stockholm Gastronomy Conference, Tore Wretman Symposium, Stockholm, Sweden, November 23-25, 2023. - Stockholm. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract ‘Fika’, the Swedish definition of a causal break, the coffee or tea with pastries and the inclusive meeting point for friends, relatives, colleagues, or business partners signify a central part of everyday life in Sweden. Fika takes many different forms – most of us have fika multiple times a day. The practice of doing fika reaches well beyond the food and beverage consumption that may be what comes first to mind. Relationships are formed, personal and business decisions are made, all in the context of a relaxed atmosphere – the basic intention with fika.The idea of fika has reached beyond the Swedish borders. It has become an increasingly known cultural concept in other countries. Therefore, fika is often used by Swedish companies not only to consider the positive work atmosphere but also in their branding efforts. Fika is also used in destination marketing to attract tourists. We can therefore talk about fika from a social, tourism, and business point of view, and the culinary aspects seem almost endless. Yet there is surprisingly little about fika from a research point of view. We believe that fika has a vast potential to create more positive values and industrial opportunities than it currently does but to achieve that we need more knowledge about fika.How can research facilitate industrial opportunities? This question sets the agenda for what we want to explore. How does interdisciplinary research enhance knowledge of fika in such a way that it can lead to positive spin-offs for the industry? A consortium of researchers from different fields, together with representatives from the industry, are currently aiming to explore these questions.
31.	Larsson, Staffan, 1947-, et al. (författare) Vuxnas lärande - en profil vid Linköpings universitet 1999 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract En rapport som utgör ett underlag för filosofisk fakultets beslut om startegi för området vuxnas lärande, t. exstart av forskarskola, interkontinental master och andra synergier mellan olika grupper, som verkar på området.
32.	Lidskog, Marie, 1961- (författare) Learning with, from and about each other : interprofessional education on a training ward in municipal care for older persons 2008 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The overall aim of this thesis was to describe and evaluate interprofessional education on an interprofessional training ward in municipal care for older persons. Interprofessional education has for some years now been proposed as a means to meet the call for effective collaboration, co-ordination and quality in health and social care. On the interprofessional training ward considered in this thesis, stu-dents from nursing, occupational therapy and social work programmes worked together for three weeks to learn with, from and about each other. In the first study (I) students’ perceptions and attitudes concerning the training on the ward were studied. An attitude questionnaire and a retrospective goal-fulfilment questionnaire were distributed to all students. Non-parametric statistics were used for the quantitative analysis, and qualitative content analysis for the qualitative parts. The results showed that the students had positive attitudes to-wards the training ward and in most respects the learning goals set up for the course were considered to have been met. In Studies II and III the focus was on students’ knowledge and understanding of their own and the others’ professions. Sixteen students were interviewed before and after. In the analysis of the interviews a phenomenographic approach was used. The findings showed a variation from simplistic conceptions of the profes-sions in terms of tasks to more complex conceptions in terms of the profession’s knowledge, responsibility and values. Differences in the ways professions were described concerning their professional stance towards the patients were espe-cially accentuated. The comparison between before and after indicated that there were changes in the students’ views. In some areas, however, there remained dis-crepancies between students’ understanding of their own profession and the oth-ers’ understanding of this profession. To promote mutual agreement on each other’s role this needs to be given careful consideration. In the fourth study (IV) the focus was on the students’ participation in the community of practice on the ward, and the findings reveal an ambivalent picture of this participation (and thus of their learning). The students collaborated in the care of the patients. However, they sometimes experienced a gap between expec-tations and reality with regard to both the profession-specific and the interprofes-sional training on the ward: what they had to do was sometimes felt to be be-neath their qualifications and irrelevant to the programme of education they were pursuing. This applied to all three groups, but especially student social workers. Interprofessional training wards can promote interprofessional learning, but it is crucial that setting should be right: it needs to be realistic for all the students involved, offering relevant profession-specific and interprofessional tasks and situations where the students can develop skills in collaborative, patient-centred care.
33.	Lilliecreutz, Caroline, et al. (författare) Student-led clinic cervical cancer screening-medical students views on progression of learning, quality of Pap smears and women s experiences of the visit - a mixed methods study 2023 Ingår i: BMC Medical Education. - : BMC. - 1472-6920. ; 23:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BackgroundStudent-led clinics (SLC) have been described, but not in gynecology. Gynecology is a subject typically covered in the last terms of medical training, however it includes few opportunities for students to tackle all phases of a consultation and a shortage of opportunities to perform gynecological examinations. Therefore, we started a student-led clinic for cervical cancer screening (SLC-CCS) in Linkoping, Sweden and aimed to evaluate students views on the progression of learning, the quality of the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear, and women s experiences of the visit, using mixed methodology.MethodsThe implementation of the SLC-CCS is described in detail. Students (n = 61) taking part in the SLC-CCS between January and May 2021 were invited to participate in a follow-up discussion (n = 24) focused around four themes: attitudes and expectations prior to participation, experiences of the patient encounter, organization of the placement, and reflections on and suggestions for further development of the placements. The group meetings were conducted in Swedish, recorded, transcribed verbatim and subjected to a qualitative, descriptive thematic analysis. Thematic analysis is considered an appropriate method of analysis for seeking to understand experiences, thoughts, or behaviors across a data set. The proportion of Pap smears lacking cells from the squamous epithelium during the study period was compared with data from the same clinic before the SLC-CCS started. A validated questionnaire on womens experience of the Pap smear visit was provided. Answers were compared between women who had the Pap smear taken by a student or a healthcare provider.ResultsThree different themes were generated: growing confidence in the clinical situation, embodied awareness of variation in anatomy, doubting accuracy of ones own performance. The percentage of Pap smears lacking cells from the squamous epithelium were equal (2%) during the study period compared to the period before the SLC-CCS started (p = 0.28). No difference was found in the satisfaction index between the women examined by a student, those examined by a healthcare provider, or women who did not know who the examiner was (p = 0.112).ConclusionsThe students expressed a growing confidence in the clinical situation and there was high satisfaction from the women. The quality of the Pap smears taken by the students was equal to the quality of those taken by the health care staff. All these findings indicate that high patient safety was maintained during this activity support the recommendation to include SLC-CCS as part of the medical training.
34.	Movitz, Charlotta, 1970, et al. (författare) The annexin I sequence gln(9)-ala(10)-trp(11)-phe(12) is a core structure for interaction with the formyl peptide receptor 1. 2010 Ingår i: The Journal of biological chemistry. - 1083-351X. ; 285:19, s. 14338-45 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The N-terminal part of the calcium-regulated and phospholipid-binding protein annexin AI contains peptide sequences with pro- and anti-inflammatory activities. We have earlier shown that a proinflammatory signal triggered by one of these peptides, Gln(9)-Lys(25), is mediated by FPR1, a member of the formyl peptide receptor family expressed in human neutrophils. To determine the core structure in Gln(9)-Lys(25), smaller peptides were generated, and their capacity to activate neutrophils was determined. A peptide spanning from amino acid Glu(14) to Lys(25) was inactive, whereas the activity was retained in the Gln(9)-Tyr(20) peptide. Removal of amino acids from the C and N terminus of Gln(9)-Tyr(20) revealed that the first amino acid (Gln(9)) was of the utmost importance for activity. The core structure that activated the neutrophil NADPH oxidase to release superoxide anions was Gln(9)-Ala(10)-Trp(11)-Phe(12). This peptide also inhibited the activity induced by N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe and WKYMVM. A structural model of the peptide agonist-FPR1 complex suggests that the transmembrane part of the binding pocket of the receptor binds optimally to a tetrapeptide. According to the model and the results presented, the N-terminal amino acid glutamine in Gln(9)-Phe(12) is located close to the bottom of the binding cleft, leaving for steric reasons insufficient space to extend the peptide at the N terminus. The addition of amino acids at the C terminus will not affect binding. The model presented may be helpful in developing specific FPR1 ligands.
35.	Nyberg, Elisabeth, 1978-, et al. (författare) Monitoring of POPs in human milk from Stockholm and Gothenburg, 1972-2015 2017 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
36.	Nyberg, Elisabeth, et al. (författare) Monitoring of POPs in human milk from Stockholm and Gothenburg, 1972-2015 : Updated version – 2017-09-01 2017 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Dr. Koidu Norén, vid Karolinska Institutet, initierade övervakning av human hälsa i Sverige när hon började samla in och analysera organiska föroreningar i modersmjölk från Stockholmsområdet redan 1967. Sedan 1972 har de prover som samlats in lagrats frusna för retrospektiv analys av miljöföroreningar. År 1997 överfördes denna mjölksamling till miljöprovbanken vid Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet i Stockholm som då även tog över ansvaret för insamlingen i Stockholmsområdet, via Modersmjölkcentralen på Södersjukhuset. Modersmjölk har även samlats in i Göteborg sedan 2007 via Modersmjölkcentralen/Arbets- och miljömedicinska institutionen på Sahlgrenska Universitetssjukhuset.I denna rapport sammanfattas den nationella övervakning av modersmjölk med avseende på persistenta organiska miljögifter, som utförts sedan 1972 från Stockholm och Göteborg och som finansierats av Naturvårdsverket. Syftet med studien kan sammanfattas enligt följande: • Undersöka halter av klorerade ämnen (PCBer, DDTer, HCHer, HCB, dioxiner och furaner), bromerade flamskyddsmedel (PBDEer, HBCDD och DBE-DBCH) samt perfluorerade ämnen (PFASs) i modersmjölk från Stockholm och Göteborg.• Utvärdera långsiktiga tidstrender i Stockholm (1972-2014) och Göteborg (2007-2015).• Undersöka skillnader i mönster av samansättningen av de övervakade ämnena mellan Stockholm och Göteborg. • Undersöka om variationen på individnivå gällande PFASs skiljer sig mellan Stockholm och Göteborg 2012. Fetthalt Modersmjölk från Stockholm uppvisade generellt en uppåtgående trend i fetthalt under hela övervakningsperioden (1972-2014), även om en nedåtgående trend observerades under den senaste tioårsperioden. En förändring av analysmetod 2011 kan emellertid ha påverkat utvecklingen under den senaste tioårsperioden. En ökning i fetthalt indikerades i modersmjölk från Göteborg (2007-2015). Fetthalten var något högre i modersmjölk från Göteborg 2015 jämfört med modermjölk från Stockholm 2014 (4.0 respektive 3.4 %). Fetthalter som rapporterats i andra studier är ligger i nivå med de fetthalter som rapporterats i denna studie.PCBer Halterna av samtliga kongener som uppmätts, d.v.s. CB-180, CB-153, CB-138 och CB-118 minskade över tid (7-11 % per år) i modersmjölk från både Stockholm och Göteborg, med undantag för CB-28 för vilken ingen trend kunde detekteras. De minskande halterna över tid stämmer väl överens med temporala trender som rapporterats i modersmjölk från Uppsala (7 % per år) (1996-2012) samt i japansk modersmjölk (7.5 % per år). Koncentrationerna av de uppmätta kongenerna var jämförbara mellan Stockholm och Göteborg och låg även på liknande nivåer som i modersmjölk från Uppsala. I jämförelse med andra europeiska länder var koncentrationerna av CB-153 (som är den kongenern som generellt sett förekommer i 8högst halter i modersmjölk) lägre än i övriga Europa. Inga signifikanta skillnader detekterades gällande PCB-kongenermönster mellan Stockholm och Göteborg.DDTer, HCHer och HCB Koncentrationerna av DDE, DDT och HCB i modersmjölk från Stockholm (1972-2014) minskade över hela övervakningsperioden (7-11 % per år) vilket även halterna av DDE och DDT i modersmjölk från Göteborg (2007-2015) gjort under den senaste tioårsperioden (7 och 12 % per år). Tidstrender för DDE i modersmjölk från Uppsala (1996-2012) och Japan uppvisar minskande halter i samma storleksordning (7.4 och 9.1 % per år). Även halterna av HCB i modersmjölk från Uppsala minskar (5.9 % per år). Koncentrationerna av DDE, DDT samt β-HCH var något högre i Stockholm än i Göteborg, medan HCB halterna var något högre i modersmjölk från Göteborg. Koncentrationerna av DDE, HCB och β-HCH låg i nivå med koncentrationer uppmätta i modersmjölk från Uppsala, men låg i det lägre spannet av koncentrationer rapporterade från andra europeiska länder. Ingen signifikant skillnad i mönster observerades för DDE-, DDT-, HCB- och β-HCH i modersmjölk mellan Stockholm och Göteborg. PCDDer/PCDFer och dl-PCBer Koncentrationerna av ΣPCDDer, ΣPCDFer, Σdl-PCBer och ΣPCDDer + PCDFer + dl-PCBer i modersmjölk från Stockholm (1972-2014) och Göteborg (2007-2015) minskade sett över hela övervakningsperioden (5.6-6.5 % per år). Under den senaste tioårsperioden har dock inga signifikanta minskningar observerats i modersmjölk från Stockholm. En tänkbar förklaring till detta skulle kunna vara att det skett ett byte i analyslaboratorium 2012 vilket kan ha påverkat möjligheten att upptäcka trender. Halterna i modersmjölk från Uppsala (1996-2012) minskade i samma storleksordning som i Stockholm och Göteborg sett över hela tidsperioden. Koncentrationerna av ΣPCDDer, ΣPCDFer, Σdl-PCBer och ΣPCDDer + PCDFer + dl-PCBer var jämförbara mellan Stockholm och Göteborg och även jämförbara med koncentrationer uppmätta i modersmjölk från Uppsala. I jämförelse med andra europeiska länder låg de i det lägre spannet. Ingen signifikant skillnad i mönster observerades för ΣPCDDer, ΣPCDFer, Σdl-PCBer mellan Stockholm och Göteborg. PBDEer och HBCDD Koncentrationerna av BDE-47, BDE-99 och BDE-100 i modersmjölk från Göteborg minskade 2007-2015 (18-21 % per år). I kontrast till detta observerades inga signifikanta log-linjära tidstrender i modersmjölk från Stockholm, varken över hela tidsperioden eller under den senaste tioårsperioden. Dock var koncentrationerna av BDE-47, BDE-99 och BDE-100 i de två proven från 2013 (Stockholm) avsevärt högre än koncentrationerna omkringliggande år vilket påverkar möjligheten att upptäcka trender under den senaste tioårsperioden. Bytet av analyslaboratorium 2010 kan också ha påverkat möjligheten att detektera trender. Den minskning av BDE koncentrationer som rapporterats i modersmjölk från Göteborg i denna studie är i samma storleksordning som den förändring som rapporterats i modersmjölk från Uppsala (1996-2012) (5-10 % per år). Koncentrationerna av samtliga bromerade flamskyddsmedel rapporterade här (d.v.s. BDE-28, BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-100, BDE-153 och HBCDD) var högre i Stockholm än i Göteborg. Koncentrationer uppmätta i modersmjölk från Uppsala var högre än i Göteborg men lägre än i Stockholm, med undantag för HBCDD där halterna i Uppsalamjölken även var högre än i Stockholmsmjölken. I jämförelse med andra europeiska länder låg halterna av BDE-47 i Stockholmsmjölken i jämförbar nivå, medan HBCDD halterna i modersmjölk från både Stockholm och Göteborg låg lägre. Det fanns ingen signifikant skillnad i mönstret för BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-100, BDE-153 och HBCDD mellan Stockholm och Göteborg. 9PFAS Koncentrationerna av PFDA, PFHxS, PFNA, PFTriDA och PFUDA i modersmjölk från Stockholm ökade signifikant under hela övervakningsperioden (1972-2014), medan PFOA-koncentrationerna minskade. Koncentrationen av PFNA och PFDA ökade även i blodprover från ammande kvinnor i Uppsala (1996-2010). I modersmjölk från Göteborg upptäcktes signifikanta nedåtgående trender (2007-2015) för PFDoDA, PFHxS och PFOA, och det var även fallet för PFOS i Stockholm under den senaste tioårsperioden. Inga generella skillnader i koncentration observerades mellan Stockholm and Göteborg. I jämförelse med modersmjölk från andra länder över hela världen var halterna av PFOS och PFOA jämförbara, men i det lägre spannet, vilket även var fallet i jämförelse med koncentrationer i modersmjölk från Uppsala (2004). Ingen signifikant skillnad i mönster observerades för PFOA, PFOS, PFNA, PFDA, PFUDA och PFTriDA mellan Stockholm och Göteborg. Den individuella variationen 2012 var störst för PFTeDA i modersmjölk från både Stockholm och Göteborg. PFOA, PFUA och PFNA uppvisade den lägsta individuella variationen. FOSA uppvisade en signifikant skillnad i individuell variation mellan modersmjölk från Stockholm och Göteborg, vilket skulle kunna indikera en skillnad i kontaminering. Dock uppmättes det ingen signifikant skillnad för kvarvarande PFAS.
37.	Rabiet, Marie Josephe, et al. (författare) N-formyl peptide receptor 3 (FPR3) departs from the homologous FPR2/ALX with regard to the major processes governing chemoattractant receptor regulation, expression at the cell surface and phosphorylation. 2011 Ingår i: The Journal of biological chemistry. - 1083-351X. Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Among human N-formyl peptide chemoattractant receptors, FPR2/ALX and FPR3 share the highest degree of amino acids identity (83%), and trigger similar cell responses upon ligand binding. While FPR2/ALX is a promiscuous receptor FPR3 has only one specific high affinity ligand, F2L, and a more restricted tissue/cell distribution. In this study, we showed that FPR2/ALX behaved as the prototypical receptor FPR1. The agonist-dependent phosphorylation used a hierarchical mechanism with a prominent role of Ser329, Thr332, and Thr335. Phosphorylation of FPR2/ALX was essential for its desensitization but the lack of phosphorylation did not result in enhanced or sustained responses. In contrast, resting FPR3 displayed a marked level of phosphorylation, which was only slightly increased upon agonist stimulation. Another noticeable difference between the two receptors was their subcellular distribution in unstimulated cells. While FPR2/ALX was evenly distributed at the plasma membrane FPR3 was localized in small intracellular vesicles. By swapping domains between FPR2/ALX and FPR3, we uncovered the determinants involved in the basal phosphorylation of FPR3. Experiments aimed at monitoring receptor-bound antibody uptake showed that the intracellular distribution of FPR3 resulted from a constitutive internalization which was independent of the C-terminus phosphorylation. Unexpectedly, exchanging residues 1 to 53, which encompass the N-terminal extracellular region and the first transmembrane domain, between FPR2/ALX and FPR3 switched localization of the receptors from plasma membrane to intracellular vesicles and vice-versa. A clathrin-independent, possibly caveolae-dependent, mechanism was involved in FPR3 constitutive internalization. The peculiar behavior of FPR3 most probably serves distinct physiological functions that remain largely unknown.
38.	Ringfjord, Britt-Marie, 1959- (författare) "Fotboll är livet" : en medieetnografisk studie om fotbollstjejer och TV-sport 2006 Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Media represent a powerful institution in society reflecting dominant values in society and take part in socialization to gender roles for men and women. The gender discourses in society as well as in mass media are interrelated to a complex system of many parts in people’s every day lives (the family, the school, the peer group, boyfriends etc.). The study’s main focus is on how discourses in society and Sport Media offers different gender positions that young female football players use as tools when they as active subjects make meaning of their identities in a gender discourse of sport.In Sweden football is a well-represented sports in media as well as among a Swedish population of nearly 9 millions. The Swedish Football Association is the largest among the sports federations with more than 3.200 associated clubs consisting of more than 1 million active members where 20 % are females (The Swedish Sports Confederation www.rf.se). In media the most common sports is football and Television Channels with nationwide coverage produce more male sport than gendered mixed or female sport in all. Male and gendered mixed sport top the list of sports occurring on Television, as despite football, consists of ice hockey on second place, athletics on third, motor sports and skiing on fourth and fifth place. Popular female sports, that is sports dominated by women in Swedish sports federations, as gymnastics, equestrian and swimming, we find horse jumping on ninth place and swimming on eleventh but not gymnastics though it’s the second popular sports activity after football for females. Despite this when Germany and Sweden meet in Women’s World Cup Final in USA 2003 broadcasted by Swedish Channel 4, the match was followed by 3,5 million Swedish viewers. In the combined the annual audience rating 2003 on Television viewers in Sweden, this football match came second only beaten by The Swedish Trial Contest for Eurovision Song Contest. Other sports events positions on this annual list are far behind other popular TV-programs in Sweden as Donald Duck and Friends, a popular Disney production always sent on Christmas Eve and Swedish quizzes with popular program leaders (www.rf.se, www.svenskfotboll.se, www.mms.se). It has been said that Female Football reached a break trough 2003 in Sweden as a public popular sports event, and in 2004 spectators visiting But if this hints to better opportunities for more female football in the national media coverage, the male dominance still continues in media representations of sport. Even though female sport reporters and female sports appears in media more often than before, this suggests that Sport Media foremost is an interest only for a male viewer, but many women like sport on Television too. The question is what happens when teenaged girls (and boys) view mediated sport produced for male middle-aged adult audience groups? How does cultural meaning of generation, gender and social differences structure everyday life for a collective group as a female football team in how they construct and position them selves within a gendered discourse? This brief summary reflects sports and media habits in the Swedish society and shows us the cultural importance of physical activities and media entertainment in our day-to-day lives. How the sport is represented through media reflect in certain ways our own picture of the concept sport, as well as sports is comprehended and valued on a cultural level. From a feminist perspective on the institutionalised power relations between media and culture the central question is how gender discourses negotiate meaning in society for men and women. The theoretical framework for feminist audience researchThe main theoretical perspectives used here are Stuart Halls reception model of the process of encoding and decoding media texts as meaningful TV-discourses, where viewers in terms of meaning structures approach the media. This model has developed by feminist media studies as power structures of gender discourses in production, content and reception (van Zoonen 1994:41f, Thornham 2000: 99). I will use this model to analyse female positions as gender discourses in a football team. The second perspective is a hermeneutic inspired approach supported by John B Thompson’s appropriation concept.The reception model suggests that even if media texts are framed in certain ways were a dominant power structure of gender representations are embedded; they are decoded by the audiences’ meaning structures in a social context with specific cultural and historical variations. The main point is that communication practices have to be understood in a wider context of social and cultural determinations, as context is both related to family matters and wider social relations. Instead of ideological power structures Hall emphasize the process of hegemony were three possible positions in the decoding process are offered to the viewers: a dominant /hegemonic, a negotiated and an oppositional position (Hall et al 1972/1992, van Zoonen 1994). By relate dominant structures to social processes in culture we can find different explanations. In one sense the media content offers a dominant/hegemonic female collective gender identity supported by the common western ideal for femininity, but in another sense the female gender identity expressed in this football culture by the female football players shows how the interpretation of media content adjust in a socio-historical context. Young females in a football club can negotiate or reject the offered media messages and construct other possible gender positions in their own socio-historical context. Appropriation is a concept that directs our attention to contextualise the process of reception as a cultural phenomenon, where macro structures of ideological power in society are interrelated with people’s ordinary lives and sense-making processes in their micro social world. This concept also helps us to direct our attention on combining the contexts of production, content and reception in order to analyse culture as meaning making processes. To appropriate is a cultural process were individuals use their available resources to make sense of media messages and adjust them to their social-historical context. Media products are an important part in how we create communication and shape our identities in modern society. The media stimulate to action and utterance as an active part in the formation of social reality. By following the content of sport in media, individuals actually can use that as information to guide their thoughts and actions in their own social context. The appropriations of symbolic forms in a social context are shared with other important individuals in every day communication (Thompson 1995:11f, 174f). In modern society collective identities are complex and culturally constructed in various ways. Media, as part of popular culture, have a particularly important role in the construction and mediation of different expressions and styles of identities. In one sense mass media serves us with a multiplicity of possible identities, free for any individual to pick up and adjust for individual needs in a social context outside the media content. In another sense we must also relate this to some of the important power structures in the organization of media production and content of Sport Media in order to show how mediated symbolic forms adjust in a cultural context by active meaning making subjects. (These structures are often referred to as the Media-Sport-Complex where the analyses of global power relations are connected to perspectives on political economy and culture. See Miller at al.2001, Roche 2000, Boyle & Haynes 2000). In relation to this study the football-playing girls have opportunities to choose what ever sport they like on a theoretical level, but on a social level they adjust to the cultural context they live in, where football for men and women are considered as two separate spheres, supported by the Sport Media content.The Sport Media’s gender representations divides sports in a female and male sphere according to gendered stereotyped structures in society, where team sports as football or ice hockey are dominated by men, and individual sports as gymnastic or figure skating are dominated by women. These stereotypes are structured within ideological representations of gendered positions for masculinity and femininity that are bound to social-historical context that changes over time. The framed structure in media texts function as ideologies but at the same time hegemony according to Hall rather suggests possibilities for opposition and social change since the production of cultural meaning always is open to contestation from below (Hall 1972/1992: 136ff). The positions suggested here are considered as gendered ideal types not existing in reality. Rather they show how complex constructions of gender identities are and how the girls in this study reflect and move between discourses and different gender positions. The dominant/hegemonic ideal for femininity concerns appearance and beauty accepted as normal standards for females, and are reproduced in many social spheres of which mass media is one of the main messengers. The negotiated position acknowledges and adjusts the offered dominant feminine ideal to own experiences and social situation. The oppositional position recognizes the dominant feminine ideal but due to other experiences or social situation this position rejects and question the proposed ideal with skepticism (Thornham 2000: 100).But if media discourses reflect dominant values in society there is another standard to consider for the constructions of gender in sports. The commonly hegemonic gender ideals are reflecting dominant gender values that in part passes over to sport, where masculine and feminine ideals for physical body appearance distinguish between gender and between spor
39.	Roswall, Josefine, et al. (författare) Developmental trajectory of the healthy human gut microbiota during the first 5 years of life 2021 Ingår i: Cell Host & Microbe. - : Elsevier BV. - 1931-3128 .- 1934-6069. ; 29:5 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The gut is inhabited by a densely populated ecosystem, the gut microbiota, that is established at birth. However, the succession by which different bacteria are incorporated into the gut microbiota is still relatively unknown. Here, we analyze the microbiota from 471 Swedish children followed from birth to 5 years of age, collecting samples after 4 and 12 months and at 3 and 5 years of age as well as from their mothers at birth using 16S rRNA gene profiling. We also compare their microbiota to an adult Swedish population. Genera follow 4 different colonization patterns during establishment where Methanobrevibacter and Christensenellaceae colonize late and do not reached adult levels at 5 years. These late colonizers correlate with increased alpha diversity in both children and adults. By following the children through age-specific community types, we observe that children have individual dynamics in the gut microbiota development trajectory.
40.	Rudman, Ann, et al. (författare) Sjuksköterskor i frontlinjen av COVID-19 pandemin : Vilka blev konsekvenserna? Teknisk rapport om enkät och datainsamling 2022 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
41.	Rudman, Ann, et al. (författare) Sjuksköterskor i frontlinjen av COVID-19 pandemin : vilka blev konsekvenserna? Teknisk rapport om enkät och datainsamling 2022 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Denna rapport summerar datainsamlingen som genomfördes av SCB (Statistiska centralbyrån) i projektet ”Sjuksköterskor i frontlinjen av COVID-19 pandemin: Vilka blev konsekvenserna?”. Projektet är finansierat av AFA försäkring (Diarienr 200311). I kapitel 1 beskrivs bakgrund till LUST (Longitudinell Undersökning om Sjuksköterskors Tillvaro) studien. I kapitel 2 beskrivs studien utifrån design, rekrytering och datainsamling. I kapitel 3 redovisas översikt över innehållet i enkäten som skickades ut studiedeltagarna. Projektet bedrivs på Högskolan Dalarna och inom ramen för Petter Gustavssons forskargrupp vid Karolinska Institutet.Sjuksköterskor har varit i frontlinjen av COVID-19-pandemin och de stressorer som de utsatts för i sitt arbete inom hälso- och sjukvården kan orsaka hälsoproblem. I föreliggande projekt har en nationell kartläggning av sjuksköterskors arbetssituation och hälsa under COVID-19 pandemin gjorts. Undersökningen är gjord utifrån de tre sjuksköterskekohorter som följts inom ramen för LUST-studien sedan 2002 (Gustavsson et al., 2013; Rudman, Hörberg, et al., 2020; Rudman et al., 2010). I LUST-studien har närmare 4500 sjuksköterskestudenter följts med uppföljande enkäter från deras utbildningstid 11 till 15 år efter examen. En uppföljande enkätundersökning genomfördes i september 2021 till januari 2022 vilket motsvarar 15 till 19 år efter examen. En speciellt anpassad enkät med relevans och aktualitet för arbetet under pandemin hade utvecklats gemensamt med forskare som har expertis gällande sjuksköterskor i olika verksamheter som belastats under COVID-19 pandemin. Enkäterna besvarades när pandemin pågått i ungefär ett år och nio månader.I samarbete med SCB har datainsamlingen genomförts som en postenkät med påminnelser och med möjlighet att besvara frågorna online. Svarsfrekvensen för enkätstudien blev 57% för hela undersökningen (för samtliga kohorter), vilket bedöms vara en hög svarsfrekvens med tanke på hur belastad sjuksköterskekåren har varit under COVID-19 pandemin.
42.	Sjöberg, Agneta, 1956, et al. (författare) Body size and lifestyle in an urban population entering adulthood: the 'Grow up Gothenburg' Study. 2012 Ingår i: Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). - : Wiley. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253. ; 101:9, s. 964-972 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Aim: To present data on body size, lifestyle and health status in students in their final year in high schools in Gothenburg area, Sweden, with specific attention to origin and gender. Methods: Weight, height and waist circumference were measured by standardized procedures. Self-administered questionnaires described dietary habits, sleep, physical activity, body image, country of origin and general health. Results: Eighty-six percent of participants, (2600 girls, 2714 boys, mean age 18.6years) were of Nordic origin, 86% reported no chronic health problems and 14%/19% of girls/boys were overweight or obese. Girls consumed more vegetables and fruits and fewer sweet drinks than boys, while breakfast consumption was most common in Nordic groups. Boys reported more positive answers than girls regarding body image. Nordic girls had more negative body image and higher morbidity compared with other groups. Conclusion: Within this generally healthy cohort, boys were more likely to be overweight/obese than girls, although paradoxically boys were more satisfied with their appearance. Nordic girls constitute a group with particularly high risk of reporting low body self-esteem and chronic morbidity. In the longer term, the current cross-sectional data on body size, lifestyle and health will provide important baseline information for future follow-up studies of health outcomes in later life.
43.	Thurén, Britt-Marie, 1942, et al. (författare) Bun-Baking Mums and Subverters: The Agency of Network Participants in a Rural Swedish County. 2007 Ingår i: Women's Studies International Forum. ; 30, s. 48-58 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
44.	Vouzouneraki, Konstantina, et al. (författare) Temporal relationship of sleep apnea and acromegaly: a nationwide study 2018 Ingår i: Endocrine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1355-008X .- 1559-0100. ; 62:2, s. 456-463 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract PurposePatients with acromegaly have an increased risk of sleep apnea, but reported prevalence rates vary largely. Here we aimed to evaluate the sleep apnea prevalence in a large national cohort of patients with acromegaly, to examine possible risk factors, and to assess the proportion of patients diagnosed with sleep apnea prior to acromegaly diagnosis.MethodsCross-sectional multicenter study of 259 Swedish patients with acromegaly. At patients' follow-up visits at the endocrine outpatient clinics of all seven university hospitals in Sweden, questionnaires were completed to assess previous sleep apnea diagnosis and treatment, cardiovascular diseases, smoking habits, anthropometric data, and S-IGF-1 levels. Daytime sleepiness was evaluated using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Patients suspected to have undiagnosed sleep apnea were referred for sleep apnea investigations.ResultsOf the 259 participants, 75 (29%) were diagnosed with sleep apnea before the study start. In 43 (57%) of these patients, sleep apnea had been diagnosed before the diagnosis of acromegaly. After clinical assessment and sleep studies, sleep apnea was diagnosed in an additional 20 patients, yielding a total sleep apnea prevalence of 37%. Higher sleep apnea risk was associated with higher BMI, waist circumference, and index finger circumference. Sleep apnea was more frequent among patients with S-IGF-1 levels in the highest quartile.ConclusionSleep apnea is common among patients with acromegaly, and is often diagnosed prior to their acromegaly diagnosis. These results support early screening for sleep apnea in patients with acromegaly and awareness for acromegaly in patients with sleep apnea.
45.	Öster, Kristin, et al. (författare) Pros and cons of quick returns : a cross-sectional survey among Swedish nurses and nurse assistants 2023 Ingår i: Industrial Health. - : National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health. - 0019-8366 .- 1880-8026. ; 61:5, s. 379-392 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Short rest (<11h) between evening and day shifts – known as quick returns (QRs) – impede recovery and may impair health. Nevertheless, QRs remain popular among some shift workers. This study explores nurses’ and nursing assistants’ perceptions of the merits and demerits of QRs from individual and organizational perspectives. Participants were recruited from eleven wards at two Swedish hospitals as part of a larger quasi-experimental intervention study. The majority (79%) had influence over their work schedules. Frequency distributions of responses are presented. Ninety six undertook a baseline survey regarding recovery, tolerance and work performance in relation to QRs. A majority experienced difficulties unwinding before bedtime (76%), insufficient sleep (80%), and daytime fatigue (72%). A third experienced an increased risk of errors and mistakes. However, QRs appeared to facilitate taking reports from patients and planning work, as this task was more often rated as ‘very easy’ following a QR compared to other shift combinations. Tolerance of QRs varied substantially. In conclusion, QRs seem to benefit continuity in work processes, but may do so at the expense of recovery and safety. Wards planning to reduce QRs –through participatory or fixed schedule models – should consider impacts on work processes.

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