| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Dahlman, I, et al.
(författare)
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Adipose tissue pathways involved in weight loss of cancer cachexia
- 2010
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 102:10, s. 1541-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The regulatory gene pathways that accompany loss of adipose tissue in cancer cachexia are unknown and were explored using pangenomic transcriptome profiling. METHODS: Global gene expression profiles of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue were studied in gastrointestinal cancer patients with (n=13) or without (n=14) cachexia. RESULTS: Cachexia was accompanied by preferential loss of adipose tissue and decreased fat cell volume, but not number. Adipose tissue pathways regulating energy turnover were upregulated, whereas genes in pathways related to cell and tissue structure (cellular adhesion, extracellular matrix and actin cytoskeleton) were downregulated in cachectic patients. Transcriptional response elements for hepatic nuclear factor-4 (HNF4) were overrepresented in the promoters of extracellular matrix and adhesion molecule genes, and adipose HNF4 mRNA was downregulated in cachexia. CONCLUSIONS: Cancer cachexia is characterised by preferential loss of adipose tissue; muscle mass is less affected. Loss of adipose tissue is secondary to a decrease in adipocyte lipid content and associates with changes in the expression of genes that regulate energy turnover, cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix, which suggest high tissue remodelling. Changes in gene expression in cachexia are reciprocal to those observed in obesity, suggesting that regulation of fat mass at least partly corresponds to two sides of the same coin.
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| 3. |
- Dobbins, T, et al.
(författare)
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Information architecture for fast response craft - Command & control & human systems integration
- 2013
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Ingår i: RINA, Royal Institution of Naval Architects - International Conference on SURV 2013, Surveillance Search and Rescue Craft. - 9781909024137 ; , s. 117-120
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Command & Control (C2) is required for safe and effective maritime operations. To facilitate effective decision-making and C2, it is essential that the crew can access the required information. It is therefore essential that the appropriate information architecture is used. Navigation, being an essential aspect of C2, has seen a radical change from paper charts and individual instruments to computer systems capable of sophisticated data fusion to provide enhanced situational awareness. The development of the required information architecture is not a software/engineering issue, but rather lies within the human factors domain as it requires an understanding of how humans perceive information, how they use mental models and subsequently make safe and effective decisions. © 2013: The Royal Institution of Naval Architects.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Stahel, P, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of the Genetic Association Between Adult Obesity and Neuropsychiatric Disease
- 2019
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 1939-327X .- 0012-1797. ; 68:12, s. 2235-2246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extreme obesity (EO) (BMI >50 kg/m2) is frequently associated with neuropsychiatric disease (NPD). As both EO and NPD are heritable central nervous system disorders, we assessed the prevalence of protein-truncating variants (PTVs) and copy number variants (CNVs) in genes/regions previously implicated in NPD in adults with EO (n = 149) referred for weight loss/bariatric surgery. We also assessed the prevalence of CNVs in patients referred to University College London Hospital (UCLH) with EO (n = 218) and obesity (O) (BMI 35–50 kg/m2; n = 374) and a Swedish cohort of participants from the community with predominantly O (n = 161). The prevalence of variants was compared with control subjects in the Exome Aggregation Consortium/Genome Aggregation Database. In the discovery cohort (high NPD prevalence: 77%), the cumulative PTV/CNV allele frequency (AF) was 7.7% vs. 2.6% in control subjects (odds ratio [OR] 3.1 [95% CI 2–4.1]; P < 0.0001). In the UCLH EO cohort (intermediate NPD prevalence: 47%), CNV AF (1.8% vs. 0.9% in control subjects; OR 1.95 [95% CI 0.96–3.93]; P = 0.06) was lower than the discovery cohort. CNV AF was not increased in the UCLH O cohort (0.8%). No CNVs were identified in the Swedish cohort with no NPD. These findings suggest that PTV/CNVs, in genes/regions previously associated with NPD, may contribute to NPD in patients with EO.
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| 7. |
- Arner, P., et al.
(författare)
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Circulating Carnosine Dipeptidase 1 associates with weight loss and poor prognosis in gastrointestinal cancer
- 2015
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 10:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Cancer cachexia (CC) is linked to poor prognosis. Although the mechanisms promoting this condition are not known, several circulating proteins have been proposed to contribute. We analyzed the plasma proteome in cancer subjects in order to identify factors associated with cachexia. Design/Subjects: Plasma was obtained from a screening cohort of 59 patients, newly diagnosed with suspected gastrointestinal cancer, with (n = 32) or without (n = 27) cachexia. Samples were subjected to proteomic profiling using 760 antibodies (targeting 698 individual proteins) from the Human Protein Atlas project. The main findings were validated in a cohort of 93 patients with verified and advanced pancreas cancer. Results: Only six proteins displayed differential plasma levels in the screening cohort. Among these, Carnosine Dipeptidase 1 (CNDP1) was confirmed by sandwich immunoassay to be lower in CC (p = 0.008). In both cohorts, low CNDP1 levels were associated with markers of poor prognosis including weight loss, malnutrition, lipid breakdown, low circulating albumin/IGF1 levels and poor quality of life. Eleven of the subjects in the discovery cohort were finally diagnosed with non-malignant disease but omitting these subjects from the analyses did not have any major influence on the results. Conclusions: In gastrointestinal cancer, reduced plasma levels of CNDP1 associate with signs of catabolism and poor outcome. These results, together with recently published data demonstrating lower circulating CNDP1 in subjects with glioblastoma and metastatic prostate cancer, suggest that CNDP1 may constitute a marker of aggressive cancer and CC.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Becanovic, K, et al.
(författare)
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Advanced intercross line mapping of Eae5 reveals Ncf-1 and CLDN4 as candidate genes for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Immunology. - : The American Association of Immunologists. - 1550-6606 .- 0022-1767. ; 176:10, s. 6055-6064
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eae5 in rats was originally identified in two F-2 intercrosses, (DA x BN) and (E3 X DA), displaying linkage to CNS inflammation and disease severity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), respectively. This region overlaps with an arthritis locus, Pia4, which was also identified in the (E3 X DA) cross. Two congenic strains, BN.DA-Eae5 and BN.DA-Eae5.R1, encompassing the previously described Eae5 and Pia4, were established. DA alleles within the chromosome 12 fragment conferred an increase in disease susceptibility as well as increased inflammation and demyelination in the CNS as compared with BN alleles. To enable a more precise fine mapping of EAE regulatory genes, we used a rat advanced intercross line between the EAE-susceptible DA strain and the EAE-resistant PVG.1AV1 strain. Linkage analysis performed in the advanced intercross line considerably narrowed down the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-EAE regulatory locus (Eae5) to a similar to 1.3-megabase region with a defined number of candidate genes. In this study we demonstrate a regulatory effect of Eae5 on MOG-EAE by using both congenic strains as well as fine mapping these effects to a region containing Ncf-1, a gene associated with arthritis. In addition to structural polymorphisms in Ncf-1, both sequence polymorphisms and expression differences were identified in CLDN4. CLDN4 is a tight junction protein involved in blood-brain barrier integrity. In conclusion, our data strongly suggests Ncf-1 to be a gene shared between two organ-specific inflammatory diseases with a possible contribution by CLDN4 in encephalomyelitis.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Becanovic, K, et al.
(författare)
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New loci regulating rat myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Immunology. - : The American Association of Immunologists. - 1550-6606 .- 0022-1767. ; 170:2, s. 1062-1069
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an inflammatory disease in rats that closely mimics many clinical and histopathological aspects of multiple sclerosis. Non-MHC quantitative trait loci regulating myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-induced EAE have previously been identified in the EAE-permissive strain, DA, on rat chromosomes 4,10,15, and 18. To find any additional gene loci in another well-known EAE-permissive strain and thereby to assess any genetic heterogeneity in the regulation of the disease, we have performed a genome-wide linkage analysis in a reciprocal (LEW.1AV1 x PVG.1AV1) male/female F-2 population (n = 185). We examined reciprocal crosses, but no parent-of-origin effect was detected. The parental rat strains share the RT1(av1) MHC haplotype; thus, non-MHC genes control differences in EAE susceptibility. We identified Eae(16) on chromosome 8 and Eae17 on chromosome 13, significantly linked to EAE phenotypes. Two loci, on chromosomes 1 and 17, respectively showed suggestive linkage to clinical and histopathological EAE phenotypes. Eae16 and Eae17 differ from those found in previously studied strain combinations, thus demonstrating genetic heterogeneity of EAE. Furthermore, we detected a locus-specific parent-of-origin effect with suggestive linkage in Eae17. Further genetic and functional dissection of these loci may disclose critical disease-regulating molecular mechanisms.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Dahlman, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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A unique role of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 among chemokines in adipose tissue of obese subjects
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 90:10, s. 5834-5840
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Low-grade inflammation in adipose tissue may contribute to insulin resistance in obesity. However, the roles of individual inflammatory mediators in adipose tissue are poorly understood. Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine which inflammation markers are most overexpressed at the gene level in adipose tissue in human obesity and how this relates to corresponding protein secretion. Design: We examined gene expression profiles in 17 lean and 20 obese subjects. The secretory pattern of relevant corresponding proteins was examined in human sc adipose tissue or isolated fat cells in vitro and in vivo in several obese or lean cohorts. Results: In ranking gene expression, defined pathways associated with obesity and immune and defense responses scored high. Among seven markedly overexpressed chemokines, only monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) was released from adipose tissue and isolated fat cells in vitro. In obesity, the secretion and expression of MCP1 in adipose tissue pieces were more than 6- and 2-fold increased, respectively, but there was no change in circulating MCP1 levels. There was no net release of MCP1, but there was a net release of leptin, in vivo from adipose tissue into the circulation. Conclusions: Obesity is associated with the increased expression of several chemokine genes in adipose tissue. However, only MCP1 is secreted into the extracellular space, where it primarily acts as a local factor, because little or no spillover into the circulation occurs. MCP1 influences the function of adipocytes, is a recruitment factor for macrophages, and may be a crucial link among chemokines between adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Dahlman, L, et al.
(författare)
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Growth, nitrogen uptake, and resource allocation in the two tripartite lichens Nephroma arcticum and Peltigera aphthosa during nitrogen stress
- 2002
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Ingår i: New Phytologist. - 0028-646X. ; 153:2, s. 307-315
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The lichens were irrigated with different N forms, enriched in 15N to assess N uptake, during 3 months in the field, with a total N dosage of 500 mg m−2. Nitrogen deprivation was induced by removing the nitrogen-fixing cephalodia. The lichens took up 11–134 mg N m−2 of the added N, corresponding to 1–4% of their total thallus N. Uptake was 4 times higher for NH4+ than for NO3−, and the highest 15N concentrations were found in newly synthesized tissue. Both forms of N stress affected thallus expansion rates in both species. It is concluded that the two lichens were able to maintain a balanced tissue N concentration despite large variations in N supply, and that assimilated N might be transported to growing apices. Alternatively, N assimilation from external sources might be greater in the margins than in the mature thallus. Thallus expansion was sensitive to N stress, apparently being tightly coupled to N assimilation.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Dahlman, T, et al.
(författare)
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Integrins in thyroid tissue: upregulation of alpha2beta1 in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
- 1998
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Ingår i: European journal of endocrinology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0804-4643 .- 1479-683X. ; 138:1, s. 104-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the integrin pattern in the normal thyroid gland and in different pathological disorders including malignant tumors, because the aggressiveness of several malignant tumors correlates with alterations in the expression of one or more integrins. DESIGN: We examined the expression of integrins and E-cadherin immunohistochemically in a large and well-defined sample of normal and pathological human thyroid tissue. METHODS: Cryosections of 58 thyroid tissue specimens from normal tissue, thyrotoxicosis, nodular goiter, oxyphilic adenoma, follicular adenoma, follicular carcinoma, papillary carcinoma and anaplastic carcinoma, and three lymph node metastases were investigated immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies specifically recognizing the integrin beta1-, beta4-, alpha1-, alpha2-, alpha3-, alpha5- and alpha6-subunits, or E-cadherin. RESULTS: All thyroid epithelial cells expressed integrin beta1- and alpha3-subunits. Immunostaining of the beta4-subunit and the alpha6-subunits was found only in tumors. The staining pattern in the three lymph node metastases from papillary carcinomas did not differ from that in their primaries. Anaplastic carcinomas demonstrated neoexpression of the integrin alpha2-subunit. E-cadherin was detected in all tissues except anaplastic carcinomas. CONCLUSIONS: Neoexpression of alpha6beta4 was seen in most malignant tumors, whereas alpha2 was exclusively found in anaplastic carcinomas. In the latter, a loss of E-cadherin expression was also seen. These changes in cell adhesion molecule expression strongly suggest an association with the acquisition of proliferative and invasive properties.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Forsman, Fredrik, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Developing a standard methodology for dynamic navigation in the littoral environment
- 2011
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Ingår i: Royal Institute of Naval Architects, International Conference, Human Factors in Ship Design and operation. - 9781905040919 ; 2011, s. 133-140
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The safe operation of fast craft within the littoral environment places a high workload on the vessels crew and specifically the navigator, who has to avoid natural features as well as other vessel traffic. This task is subsequently made more difficult by poor weather and sea conditions. Due to the high operational pace and the dynamic nature of transiting the littoral environment, a simple methodology was developed that would be robust in high workload conditions. The model is based on three components; i) the conduct of changes in direction/course, ii) the information required by the coxswain to perform the course change effectively and safely, and iii) the information required by the navigator to plan and direct the course change. This paper will describe the methodology, the concepts behind its development, and how standardised procedures enhance safety, operational effectiveness and interoperability.
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| 27. |
- Forsum, A, et al.
(författare)
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Nitrogen utilization by Hylocomium splendens in a boreal forest fertilization experiment
- 2006
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Ingår i: Functional Ecology. - : Wiley. - 0269-8463 .- 1365-2435. ; 20, s. 421-426
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. Nitrogen uptake in the terricolous bryophyte Hylocomium splendens (Hedw.) B.S.G. was studied in a boreal forest long-term N-treatment experiment including control plots, N-addition plots (50 kg N ha(-1) year(-1) for 8 years) and recovery plots (50 kg N ha(-1) year(-1) for 5 years and thereafter no N addition for 3 years). 2.A main objective was to explore whether the N treatments changed bryophyte uptake of different inorganic and organic N forms. In addition, we estimated the contribution of N from throughfall precipitation to the bryophyte N supply. 3. The results demonstrated that bryophyte N uptake was similar in all the long-term N-treatment plots. Hylocomium splendens took up more N-15 labelled NH4+ than NO3- or glycine when these N forms were applied in situ by the spraying of solutions with N concentrations similar to those in precipitation. 4. Analysis of the precipitation collected beneath the closed tree canopy from late May to early October revealed that it contributed 2.0 kg N ha(-1) during the period studied, distributed between NH4+ (78%), amino acid N (17%) and NO3- (5%). 5. The study highlights that, in addition to analyses of NH4+ and NO3- (normally included in standard environmental monitoring of precipitation), analysis of amino acid N must be performed to account fully for the precipitation N input to bryophytes in boreal forest ecosystems.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Gustafson, T., et al.
(författare)
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Occupational exposure and severe pulmonary fibrosis
- 2007
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Ingår i: Respir Med. - : Elsevier BV. - 0954-6111 .- 1532-3064. ; 101:10, s. 2207-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: External agents, especially metal and wood dust, are believed to be risk factors for development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The aim of this case-control study was to investigate which occupational exposure types are associated with development of severe pulmonary fibrosis (PF), and especially IPF. METHODS: An extensive postal questionnaire including 30 specific items regarding occupational exposure was completed by 181 patients with severe PF and respiratory failure reported to the Swedish Oxygen Register, among whom 140 were judged as having IPF. The questionnaire was also completed by 757 control subjects. We stratified data for age, sex and smoking and calculated odds ratios (ORs). RESULTS: We found increased risk for IPF in men with exposure to birch dust (OR 2.7, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.30-5.65) and hardwood dust (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.14-6.52). Men also had slightly increased ORs associated with birds. We did not find any increased risk in association with metal dust exposure. CONCLUSION: Exposure for birch and hardwood dust may contribute to the risk for IPF in men.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Kulyte, A, et al.
(författare)
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MicroRNA profiling links miR-378 to enhanced adipocyte lipolysis in human cancer cachexia
- 2014
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Ingår i: American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism. - : American Physiological Society. - 1522-1555 .- 0193-1849. ; 306:3, s. E267-E274
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cancer cachexia is associated with pronounced adipose tissue loss due to, at least in part, increased fat cell lipolysis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been implicated in controlling several aspects of adipocyte function. To gain insight into the possible impact of miRNAs on adipose lipolysis in cancer cachexia, global miRNA expression was explored in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue from gastrointestinal cancer patients with ( n = 10) or without ( n = 11) cachexia. Effects of miRNA overexpression or inhibition on lipolysis were determined in human in vitro differentiated adipocytes. Out of 116 miRNAs present in adipose tissue, five displayed distinct cachexia-associated expression according to both microarray and RT-qPCR. Four (miR-483–5p/-23a/-744/-99b) were downregulated, whereas one (miR-378) was significantly upregulated in cachexia. Adipose expression of miR-378 associated strongly and positively with catecholamine-stimulated lipolysis in adipocytes. This correlation is most probably causal because overexpression of miR-378 in human adipocytes increased catecholamine-stimulated lipolysis. In addition, inhibition of miR-378 expression attenuated stimulated lipolysis and reduced the expression of LIPE, PLIN1, and PNPLA2, a set of genes encoding key lipolytic regulators. Taken together, increased miR-378 expression could play an etiological role in cancer cachexia-associated adipose tissue loss via effects on adipocyte lipolysis.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Olsson, T, et al.
(författare)
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Genetics of rat neuroinflammation
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of neuroimmunology. - 0165-5728. ; 107:2, s. 191-200
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 41. |
- Ordqvist, A., et al.
(författare)
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Information and repetition change children's visual strategies when viewing magic tricks and without gaze cues
- 2013
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Ingår i: Perceptual and Motor Skills. - : SAGE Publications. - 0031-5125 .- 1558-688X. ; 116:1, s. 144-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gaze cues and direct gaze attract visual attention. However, few studies have explored visual cues in children within realistic contexts. The effect of information and repetitive stimulus presentation has not been thoroughly studied with dynamic stimuli. The aim of the present study was to investigate how information affects the visual strategies of children measured by the number of fixations on certain areas of interest and their durations. Furthermore, this study examined the effect of gaze cues and direct gaze. In two consecutive experiments, children's visual strategies when viewing magic tricks were measured by an eye tracker. Gaze cues were only present in Experiment 1. The results showed that repetitive stimulus presentation and information caused children to change their visual strategies when viewing magic tricks with and without gaze cues. However, the effect was larger when the gaze cues were not present. These findings in children were similar to those in adults.
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| 42. |
- Palmqvist, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
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The carbon economy of lichens
- 2008. - 2
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Ingår i: Lichen Biology, 2nd edition. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. - 9780521871624 - 9780511790478 ; , s. 182-215
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Pelkmans, L., et al.
(författare)
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Monitoring the Impact of Sustainability Certification in Relation to Biomass Use for Energy
- 2012
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Ingår i: EUBCE 2012 proceedings. - 9788889407547 ; , s. 2013-2018
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Since the public has expressed concern about unintended consequences associated with potentially unsustainable biomass production and use for energy (or biofuels), producers of biomass feedstocks in the private sector as well as governmental and non-governmental organisations have initiated many generally unlinked efforts to define 'sustainable' bioenergy production and supply chains. These 'sustainability' standards may be implemented through certification systems involving 3rd party audit, and influence production systems and trade of bioenergy products from producers to consumers of ‘green' energy. At present numerous biomass and biofuel sustainability certification systems are being developed or implemented by a variety of private and public organisations. Systems are applicable to different feedstock production sectors (forests, agricultural crops), different bioenergy products (relatively unprocessed forest residues, ethanol, biodiesel, electricity), and whole or segments of supply chains (production system, chain of custody from growers to energy consumers). It is expected that such a wide range of systems, developed largely without coordination among the organisations involved, could be problematic for all stakeholders along the supply chain in individual sectors and for those involved in deployment of bioenergy systems globally. These are individual feedstock producers, companies and commodity sectors that must comply with these systems either to maintain market access and share or to comply with legislative mandates, and also consumers who prefer to purchase certified green energy, and regulatory agencies and local to national governments that may be involved in enforcing sustainability standards. The potential for confusion among the actors, depression of markets, and unnecessary restrictions on sustainable trade seems high. Within IEA Bioenergy a strategic study was initiated between Task 40, Task 43 and Task 38 to monitor the actual implementation process of sustainability certification of bioenergy, evaluate how stakeholders are affected by certification initiatives, quantify the anticipated impact on worldwide bioenergy trade, assess the level of coordination among schemes, and make recommendations to remove barriers which may depress markets and reduce sustainable trade. Interaction with different stakeholder groups is one of the main objectives of this study, so we anticipate the recommendations being representative of the whole bioenergy certification sector and therefore having high potential to improve an otherwise uncoordinated interest in ensuring bioenergy trade is sustainable.
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| 45. |
- Pettersson, Amanda T, et al.
(författare)
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Twist1 in human white adipose tissue and obesity.
- 2011
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Ingår i: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 96:1, s. 133-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twist1 is a transcription factor implicated in the regulation of TNFα signaling and was recently shown to be highly expressed in both human and murine adipose tissue, but its role in obesity is unknown.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- R, Baldemair, et al.
(författare)
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Future wireless communications
- 2013
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Ingår i: 2013 IEEE 77th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring). - New York : IEEE Press.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 49. |
- Sandvik, U., et al.
(författare)
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Does experience affect physicians’ attitude towards assisted suicide? A snapshot of Swedish doctors’ opinions
- 2022
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Ingår i: Ethics, Medicine, and Public Health. - : Elsevier. - 2352-5525 .- 2352-5533. ; 24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionAssisted dying is a current and controversial topic that seems to be gaining more support among both physicians as well as the general public. This paper aims to provide a snapshot of Swedish physicians’ opinions regarding AS, including their opinion concerning experience and to evaluate whether a correlation between opinion and experience exists.Material and methodsA poll was conducted through a panel of members of the Swedish Medical Association. The panel is representative of the association's members regarding age and gender.ResultsThe response rate was 49% Of the respondents 41% stated that AS and/or euthanasia should be legalized. Doctors with great experience in working with dying patients express most strongly against AS and/or euthanasia. More than half of the respondents (54%) stated that AS if it would be legal, should be performed within specific health care units. Approximately the same proportion (48%) were willing to write a statement on health status, knowing that it would be used in decisions regarding AS. Similarly, 44% could not consider performing AS and 27% were indecisive on the question. A majority (41%) thought that a physician should be responsible for approving applications for AS.DiscussionA few more physicians express a positive attitude toward AS than against it, but many cannot express a certain opinion. In our material, no side in the “debate” for or against AS reaches the majority. The most junior physicians are the most uncertain ones.
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| 50. |
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