| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Arvidsson, Inger, et al.
(författare)
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Discrepancies in pain presentation caused by adverse psychosocial conditions as compared to pain due to high physical workload?
- 2012
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Ingår i: Work: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment & Rehabilitation. - 1875-9270. ; 41, s. 2472-2475
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Disorders in the musculoskeletal system have been associated with a high physical workload as well as psychosocial and individual factors. It is however not obvious which of these factors that is most important to prevent. Musculoskeletal disorders in neck and upper extremity was assessed by interview and clinical examination in 79 teachers and 93 assisting nurses, all females. Psychosocial work environment was assessed by questionnaire. The physical workload was recorded by technical measurements of postures, movements and muscular load, in 9 teachers and 12 nurses. The physical workload was lower among the teachers, but they had a more demanding psychosocial work environment. Among the nurses, but not in the teachers, the neck-shoulder disorders were associated with a high body mass index (BMI). The teachers reported neck-shoulder complaints to a higher extent than the nurses, but had much lower prevalence of diagnoses in the clinical examination (12% vs. 25%; POR 0.3 CI 0.1 - 1.2; adjusted for age and BMI). The results suggest that adverse psychosocial conditions among the teachers give rise to a different kind of pain in the neck-shoulder region than from physical overload, troublesome but not as severe as the one afflicting the nurses.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Boldrup, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of p63, COX-2, EGFR and beta-catenin in smokers and patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck reveal variations in non-neoplastic tissue and no obvious changes in smokers.
- 2005
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oncology. - 1019-6439 .- 1791-2423. ; 27:6, s. 1661-1667
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN), the 6th most common malignancy in the world, is associated with smoking and has a low 5-year survival rate. Various changes have been described at different stages of SCCHN tumour development, including overexpression of p63, a protein important for development of normal epidermal structures. p63 has been suggested to activate beta-catenin, and nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin is an important event in many cancers. Elevated COX-2 activity and overexpression of EGFR protein has been shown in a variety of human cancers, including SCCHN. An important question for the pathogenesis of SCCHN is when the genetic changes take place during the natural course of the disease, and whether they appear in clinically normal oral mucosa to predispose tumour development. We mapped the expression of p63, COX-2, EGFR, beta-catenin, and PP2A in oral mucosa from smokers/non-smokers and from patients with SCCHN. We also considered if changes occurring in tumours are present in the clinically normal tissue adjacent to the tumour. No direct influence of heavy smoking on the levels of the proteins studied could be seen. Tumours and clinically normal non-neoplastic tissue from SCCHN patients showed increased expression of COX-2 and PP2A. Interestingly, non-neoplastic tissue adjacent to SCCHN also showed increased beta-catenin, although this was not seen in tumours. The data support the notion that pre-existing alterations in clinically normal epithelium exist in patients with SCCHN and could be important for the pathogenesis of the disease and for local recurrences.
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| 6. |
- Borzacchiello, A, et al.
(författare)
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Rheological characterization of vocal folds after injection augmentation in a preliminary animal study
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of bioactive and compatible polymers (Print). - London : Sage Publications. - 0883-9115 .- 1530-8030. ; 19:4, s. 331-341
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The investigation of vocal folds viscoelastic properties in an animal model (rabbit) after injection of various augmentation substances, 6 months after injection, is reported. The injected materials were: hyaluronan-based materials (Hylan B gel and Deflux(R)), cross-linked collagen (Zyplast(R)) and polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon(R)). Rheological properties of the augmentation substances were also evaluated. The results from these animal experiments indicate that the viscoelastic properties of the vocal folds injected with Deflux(R), Zyplast(R) and Hylan B gel are similar to the healthy vocal folds (non-injected samples) used as control, thus demonstrating that these materials are good candidates for further studies aimed at restoring/preserving the vibratory capacity of the vocal folds with injection treatment in glottal insufficiency.
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| 7. |
- Dahlqvist, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Comparing two methods to record maximal voluntary contractions and different electrode positions in recordings of forearm extensor muscle activity : refining risk assessments for work-related wrist disorders
- 2018
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Ingår i: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815. ; 59:2, s. 231-242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Wrist disorders are common in force demanding industrial repetitive work. Visual assessment of force demands have a low reliability, instead surface electromyography (EMG) may be used as part of a risk assessment for work-related wrist disorders. For normalization of EMG recordings, a power grip (hand grip) is often used as maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of the forearm extensor muscles. However, the test-retest reproducibility is poor and EMG amplitudes exceeding 100% have occasionally been recorded during work. An alternative MVC is resisted wrist extension, which may be more reliable.Objective: To compare hand grip and resisted wrist extension MVCs, in terms of amplitude and reproducibility, and to examine the effect of electrode positioning.Methods: Twelve subjects participated. EMG from right forearm extensors, from four electrode pairs, was recorded during MVCs, on three separate occasions.Results: The group mean EMG amplitudes for resisted wrist extension were 1.2-1.7 times greater than those for hand grip. Resisted wrist extension showed better reproducibility than hand grip.Conclusions: The results indicate that the use of resisted wrist extension is a more accurate measurement of maximal effort of wrist extensor contractions than using hand grip and should increase the precision in EMG recordings from forearm extensor muscles, which in turn will increase the quality of risk assessments that are based on these.
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| 8. |
- Dahlqvist, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Validity of a small low-cost triaxial accelerometer with integrated logger for uncomplicated measurements of postures and movements of head, upper back and upper arms
- 2016
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Ingår i: Applied Ergonomics. - : Elsevier. - 0003-6870 .- 1872-9126. ; 55, s. 108-116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Repetitive work and work in constrained postures are risk factors for developing musculoskeletal disorders. Low-cost, user-friendly technical methods to quantify these risks are needed. The aims were to validate inclination angles and velocities of one model of the new generation of accelerometers with integrated data loggers against a previously validated one, and to compare meaurements when using a plain reference posture with that of a standardized one. All mean (n = 12 subjects) angular RMS-differences in 4 work tasks and 4 body parts were <2.5° and all mean median angular velocity differences <5.0 °/s. The mean correlation between the inclination signal-pairs was 0.996. This model of the new generation of triaxial accelerometers proved to be comparable to the validated accelerometer using a data logger. This makes it well-suited, for both researchers and practitioners, to measure postures and movements during work. Further work is needed for validation of the plain reference posture for upper arms.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Hemphälä, Hillevi, et al.
(författare)
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Visual ergonomics interventions in mail sorting facilities
- 2012
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 41:1, s. 3433-3437
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study was performed between 2004 and 2011 at mail sorting facilities in Sweden. During this time, different interventions were performed. The first was a lighting intervention that had a positive impact on the postal workers, especially those with eyestrain. A new lighting system also improved the illuminance and gave better light distribution. The second intervention involved new personal spectacles for the postal workers who needed them and this had a positive effect on eyestrain. The third intervention involved a specific type of sorting spectacles for the postal workers who already used progressive lenses privately. The reading distances that the postal workers had while sorting the mail was inverted to the distances in their regular progressive lenses. The new sorting spectacles had a positive effect on head postures and on muscular activity.
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| 11. |
- Hemphälä, Hillevi, et al.
(författare)
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Working spectacles for sorting mail
- 2014
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 47:3, s. 319-327
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Sorting mail into racks for postmen is visually demanding work. This can result in backward inclination of their heads, especially more pronounced for those who use progressive addition lenses. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of customized working spectacles on the physical workload of postmen. METHODS: Twelve male postmen sorted mail on two occasions: once using their private progressive spectacles and once using customized sorting spectacles with inverted progressive lenses. Postures and movements of the head, upper back, neck, and upper arms were measured by inclinometry. The muscular load of the trapezius was measured by surface electromyography. RESULTS: With the customized sorting spectacles, both the backward inclination of the head and backward flexion of the neck were reduced (3 degrees), as well as the muscular load of the right upper trapezius, compared to sorting with private spectacles. However, with the sorting spectacles, there was a tendency for increased neck forward flexion, and increased sorting time. CONCLUSION: The reduction in work load may reduce the risk for developing work-related musculoskeletal disorders due to the positive reduction of the backward inclination of the head. But the tendency for increased neck forward flexion may reduce the positive effects. However, the magnitude of the possible reduction is difficult to predict, especially since quantitative data on exposure-response relationships are unknown. Alternative working spectacles with inverted near progressive lenses ought to be evaluated. They should still result in a positive reduced backward inclination of the head and may not cause any increased forward flexion.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Hertegård, Stellan, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-linked hyaluronan used as augmentation substance for treatment of glottal insufficiency : safety aspects and vocal fold function
- 2002
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Ingår i: The Laryngoscope. - : Wiley. - 0023-852X .- 1531-4995. ; 112:12, s. 2211-2219
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To examine safety aspects and vocal fold function after vocal fold augmentation with a cross-linked hyaluronan derivative (hylan B gel) as compared with bovine collagen. STUDY DESIGN; A prospective, randomized trial. METHODS: Eighty-three patients with glottal insufficiency were treated with injection augmentation with hylan B gel and bovine collagen and were examined at 1, 6, and 12 months after treatment. Seventy patients with unilateral vocal fold paresis (n = 35) or atrophy (n = 35) were randomly assigned to receive either hylan B gel (n = 47) or collagen (n = 23) injections into one vocal fold. Thirteen patients with glottal insufficiency caused by scar defects or paresis resulting from malignant disease were included in a nonrandomized group and were treated only with hylan B gel. Evaluations were made from patients' subjective ratings (visual analogue scales), digitized videostroboscopic measurements, phonetograms, maximum phonation time, and phonation quotients. RESULTS: Twelve months after injections, the patients' self-ratings were significantly improved for both the hylan B gel and the collagen groups. In addition, the videostroboscopic measurements showed significantly improved glottal closure for both groups. However, for the hylan B gel group, vibration amplitude and glottal area variations were preserved, and this group showed significantly less resorption at the injected vocal fold edge. Furthermore, maximum phonation time had increased significantly for the hylan B gel patients (collagen, nonsignificant). No serious adverse events were observed; three patients injected with hylan B gel had temporary inflammation at the injection site, which resolved without sequelae. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that both hylan B gel and collagen can be safely used for injection treatment of glottal insufficiency. Both treatments resulted in significantly improved voice as rated by the patients. However, the patients treated with hylan B gel showed better vocal fold status and longer maximum phonation time at 12 months after treatment as compared with patients treated with collagen.
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| 14. |
- Jensen, Irene B., et al.
(författare)
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A gender-differentiated evaluation of the Swedish version of the rheumatology attitudes index (RAI)
- 1997
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Behaviour Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0284-5717. ; 26:1, s. 36-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to carry out a gender-differentiated evaluation of the Swedish version of the Rheumatology Attitudes Index (RAI). A translation of the RAI into Swedish was performed. This translated version was applied to a study sample consisting of 37 men and 84 women suffering from non-specific neck and back pain. The RAI was administered three times during a six months period. Reliability was tested by calculating alpha coefficients and test-retest correlations. Construct validity was investigated with variables based on the theoretical concept from which the RAI was developed. Important differences between men and women were found. Internal consistency proved to be higher in the female sample, while the validity was more congruent in the male sample. Overall, the results are ambiguous, thus indicating that the RAI requires further investigation using a gender-differentiated approach before being applied in clinical and research practice. This study demonstrates that in order to obtain meaningful, quantitative and evaluated measures, gender differentiation needs to be included in the development and use of assessment instruments.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Lai, Chung-Chuan, et al.
(författare)
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Structural and chemical determination of the new nanolaminated carbide Mo2Ga2C from first principles and materials analysis
- 2015
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Ingår i: Acta Materialia. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 1359-6454 .- 1873-2453. ; 99, s. 157-164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Following our recent discovery of a new nanolaminated carbide, Mo2Ga2C, we herein present a detailed structural and chemical analysis of this phase based on ab initio calculations, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, high resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy, and neutron powder diffraction. Calculations suggest an energetically and dynamically stable structure for C in the octahedral sites between the Mo layers, with Ga bilayers - stacked in a simple hexagonal arrangement - between the Mo2C layers. The predicted elastic properties are below those of the related nanolaminate Mo2GaC. The predicted structure, including lattice parameters and atomic positions, is experimentally confirmed. (C) 2015 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 17. |
- Riazzoli, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Patient-reported 28 swollen and tender joint counts accurately represent RA disease activity and can be used to assess therapy responses at the group level
- 2010
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Ingår i: Rheumatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1462-0324 .- 1462-0332. ; 49:11, s. 2098-2103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Formal joint assessments are critically important to improve rheumatological care of patients with RA. The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of patient-recorded 28 tender joint counts (TJCs) and swollen joint counts (SJCs) using a tablet personal computer and to explore the possibility of using patient-recorded data to calculate 28-joint DAS (DAS-28) and EULAR response. Methods. Forty-seven patients were included before initiation of adalimumab therapy and assessed at baseline and after 3 months. SJC and TJC were registered by the patients and thereafter by an experienced rheumatology specialist. Changes were correlated using Spearman’s rank correlation test. Results. The correlations between SJC and TJC derived by the physician and the patient at baseline were excellent (r = 0.78 and 0.87, respectively P < 0.01 for both). After 3 months, the correlations were less strong (0.645 and 0.745, respectively, P < 0.001 for both). When using the patient-derived SJC/TJC for calculation of the DAS-28 (patDAS-28), similar values were obtained, and correlations between DAS-28 and patDAS-28 were excellent (r = 0.91 at baseline, r = 0.90 at 3 months). According to the EULAR response criteria, the percentage of responders at the group level was nearly identical, although there was some disagreement at the individual level when DAS-28 and patDAS-28 were used to determine response to therapy. Conclusion. Patient-reported SJC and TJC can in research settings be used instead of physician-reported ones. Patient-derived SJC and TJC may also make it possible for rheumatologists to obtain quantitative joint count recordings much more frequently than is feasible for traditional joint counts.
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| 18. |
- Thurfjell, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Function and importance of p63 in normal oral mucosa and squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. - Basel : KARGER. - 0065-3071 .- 1662-2847. ; 62, s. 49-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND/AIMS: Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) is the 6th most common malignancy worldwide with a 5-year survival that has not improved over the last 20-25 years. Factors of prognostic significance for this tumour type include the presence of regional lymph node metastasis and amplification of chromosome 3q21-29, where the p63 gene is located. This gene encodes 6 proteins and is crucial for formation of the oral mucosa, teeth, salivary glands and skin. Each of the 6 different p63 proteins has different characteristics and functions, where some resemble the tumour suppressor protein p53, whilst others have functions that oppose p53. METHODS: To understand the function and importance of p63 in oral mucosa and tumour development we have studied protein as well as mRNA expression in normal oral mucosa and tumours. RESULTS/CONCLUSION: Expression of p63 proteins differs between the cell layers in normal oral mucosa, and primary HNSCC has a high expression level of p63 isoforms normally expressed in basal cells. Data suggest that p63 expression in HNSCC influences tumour cell differentiation.
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