| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Fadul, Jamal E. M., et al.
(författare)
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Identification of the complement activators and elucidation of the fate of complement activation products during extracorporeal plasma purification therapy
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Journal of clinical apheresis. - 0733-2459 .- 1098-1101. ; 13:4, s. 167-173
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been known for many years that the complement system is activated during extracorporeal plasma purification (ECCP) therapy. In a previous study, we showed that high concentrations of complement activation products (CAPs) are returned to the patient during immunoadsorption treatment. In the present study, we investigated the question of where complement activation takes place with different forms of ECPP equipments as well as the fate of the CAPs. Eleven patients (8 men and 3 women), mean age 52 +/- 18 years, were included in the study. They were treated either with plasmapheresis (PP), immunoadsorption, bilirubin adsorption, or low density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis. It was found that during all ECPP treatments and after the plasma separation filter, the plasma concentrations of CAPs were increased, and that high concentrations of CAPs were returned to the patients, except with PP. The plasma levels of individual CAPs varied between different types of ECPP. These variations were due to several factors: (1) complement activation (CA) on the plasma separator and a secondary device, e.g., column or membrane; (2) adsorption of specific CAPs to separation columns; and (3) reduction of CAPs due to separation and waste. Since CAPs have inflammatory and immunological effects, it is possible that high serum concentration of CAPs in the treated patients may influence the clinical outcome of the treatment. In conclusion, complement activation is a fact that should not be ignored during performance of any form of an ECPP. It is the plasma separator that plays a key role in the process of complement activation. Different ECPP treatments may have different effects regarding the levels of individual CAPs.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Adermark, Louise, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Temporal Rewiring of Striatal Circuits Initiated by Nicotine
- 2016
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Ingår i: Neuropsychopharmacology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0893-133X .- 1740-634X. ; 41:13, s. 3051-3059
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drug addiction has been conceptualized as maladaptive recruitment of integrative circuits coursing through the striatum, facilitating drug-seeking and drug-taking behavior. The aim of this study was to define temporal neuroadaptations in striatal subregions initiated by 3 weeks of intermittent nicotine exposure followed by protracted abstinence. Enhanced rearing activity was assessed in motor activity boxes as a measurement of behavioral change induced by nicotine (0.36 mg/kg), whereas electrophysiological field potential recordings were performed to evaluate treatment effects on neuronal activity. Dopamine receptor mRNA expression was quantified by qPCR, and nicotine-induced dopamine release was measured in striatal subregions using in vivo microdialysis. Golgi staining was performed to assess nicotine-induced changes in spine density of medium spiny neurons. The data presented here show that a brief period of nicotine exposure followed by abstinence leads to temporal changes in synaptic efficacy, dopamine receptor expression, and spine density in a subregion-specific manner. Nicotine may thus initiate a reorganization of striatal circuits that continues to develop despite protracted abstinence. We also show that the response to nicotine is modulated in previously exposed rats even after 6 months of abstinence. The data presented here suggests that, even though not self-administered, nicotine may produce progressive neuronal alterations in brain regions associated with goal-directed and habitual performance, which might contribute to the development of compulsive drug seeking and the increased vulnerability to relapse, which are hallmarks of drug addiction.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Back Danielsson, Ing-Marie, 1964-
(författare)
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Masking Moments : The Transitions of Bodies and Beings in Late Iron Age Scandinavia
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis explores bodily representations in Late Iron Age Scandinavia (400–1050 AD). Non-human bodies, such as gold foil figures, and human bodies are analysed. The work starts with an examination and deconstruction of the sex/gender categories to the effect that they are considered to be of minor value for the purposes of the thesis. Three analytical concepts – masks, miniature, and metaphor – are deployed in order to interpret how and why the chosen bodies worked within their prehistoric contexts.The manipulations the figures sometimes have undergone are referred to as masking practices, discussed in Part One. It is shown that masks work and are powerful by being paradoxical; that they are vehicles for communication; and that they are, in effect, transitional objects bridging gaps that arise in continuity as a result of events such as symbolic or actual deaths.In Part Two miniaturization is discussed. Miniaturization contributes to making worlds intelligible, negotiable and communicative. Bodies in miniatures in comparison to other miniature objects are particularly potent. Taking gold foil figures under special scrutiny, it is claimed that gold, its allusions as well as its inherent properties conveyed numinosity. Consequently gold foil figures, regardless of the context, must be understood as extremely forceful agents.Part Three examines metaphorical thinking and how human and animal body parts were used in pro-creational acts, resulting in the birth of persons. However, these need not have been human, but could have been the outcomes of turning a deceased into an ancestor, iron into a steel sword, or clay into a ceramic urn, hence expanding and transforming the members of the family/household. Thus, bone in certain contexts acted as a transitional object or as a generative substance.It is concluded that the bodies of research are connected to transitions, and that the theme of transformation was one fundamental characteristic of the societies of study.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Bennulf, Mattias, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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A conceptual model for multi-agent communication applied on a plug & produce system
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; 93, s. 347-352
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today, multi-agent systems are still uncommon in the industry because they require more time to be implemented than traditional manufacturing systems. In this paper, a conceptual model and guidelines are defined for communication and negotiation between agents for Plug & Produce systems. Standards for agent communication exists today, such as the FIPA collection of specifications. However, FIPA is a broad and general standard for any kind of system and leaves a lot of room for interpretation. This paper presents a new conceptual model and guidelines on how to simplify the implementation phase by limiting the choices an engineer must make when implementing a multi-agent system for a manufacturing system. © 2020 The Authors.
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| 13. |
- Bennulf, Mattias, 1992-
(författare)
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A Control Framework for Industrial Plug & Produce
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kundanpassade produkter och korta produktionsserier blir alltmer populärt. Detta har lett till problem för dedikerade tillverkningssystem som är designade för massproduktion. Det krävs ofta långa produktionsserier för att det ska bli en rimlig investering att ställa om produktionen. Därför används människor för tillverkningsuppgifter som ofta ställs om. Denna avhandling fokuserar på konceptet Plug & Produce, som gör det enklare att flytta, lägga till och ta bort resurser från ett tillverkningssystem. Tanken är att resurser placeras i processmoduler som alla har samma fysiska gränssnitt för att kopplas in i tillverkningssystemet. Styrningen av tillverkningssystemet görs av ett multiagentsystem där varje detalj som ska produceras för produkter får en egen agent som representerar detaljen och agerar som styrningsmjukvara. Varje detaljs agent tar hand on sina egna tillverkningsmål genom att kommunicera med resursagenter i systemet som används för styrning av resurserna. I detta arbete, presenteras ett ramverk för Plug & Produce som består av ett konfigurerbart multiagentsystem, samt ett konfigurationsverktyg som kan användas för att definiera agenterna. Arbetet inkluderar metoder för att identifiera inkopplade resurser, kommunikation mellan agenter, schemaläggning som kan undvika konflikter mellan agenter, samt metoder för att automatiskt hitta vägar för transport genom tillverkningssystemet.
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| 14. |
- Bennulf, Mattias, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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A Method for Configuring Agents in Plug & Produce Systems
- 2022
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Ingår i: SPS2022. - : IOS Press. - 9781643682686 - 9781643682693 ; , s. 135-146
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multi-agent technology, used for implementing Plug & Produce systems have many proposed benefits for fast adaption of manufacturing systems. However, still today multi-agent technology is not ready for the industry, due to the lack of mature supporting tools and guidelines. The result is that today, multi-agent systems are more complicated and time-consuming to use than traditional approaches. This hides their true benefits. In this paper, a new method for configuring agents is presented that includes automated deployment to manufacturing systems and by its flexible design opens the possibility to connect many other supporting tools when needed. A configuration tool is also designed that works with the proposed method by connecting to an agent configuration database. The overall aim of the method is to simplify the steps taken for adapting a manufacturing system for new parts and resources.
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| 15. |
- Bennulf, Mattias, 1992-
(författare)
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A User-Friendly Approach for Applying Multi-Agent Technology in Plug & Produce Systems
- 2020
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis presents methods for simplifying the use of multi-agent systems in Plug & Produce. The demand for customized products and low volume production is constantly increasing. The industry has for many years used dedicated manufacturing systems where it is difficult and expensive to adapt to new product designs. Instead, factories are forced to use human workers for certain tasks that demand high flexibility and rapid adaption for new product designs. Several solutions have been proposed over the years to create highly flexible automation systems that automatically handles rapid adaption for new products. A concept called Plug & Produce aims at creating a system where resources and parts can be added in minutes rather than days in dedicated systems. One promising solution for implementing Plug & Produce is the distributed approach called multi-agent systems, where each resource and part get its own controller that communicates with each other to reach manufacturing goals. The idea is that the system automatically handles the adaption for new products. However, still today the use of such systems is extremely limited in the industry. One reason is the lack of mature multi-agent systems that are easy to use and that hides the complexity of the underlying agent system from the users. This is a huge problem since these systems tend to be more complex than traditional approaches. Thus, this thesis focuses on simplifying the use of multi-agent systems by proposing various methods for bringing the multi-agent technology for Plug & Produce closer to the industry.
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| 16. |
- Bennulf, Mattias, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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Goal-Oriented Process Plans in a Multiagent System for Plug & Produce
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1941-0050 .- 1551-3203. ; 17:4, s. 2411-2421
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a framework for Plug & Produce that makes it possible to use configurations rather than programming to adapt a manufacturing system for new resources and parts. This is solved by defining skills on resources, and goals for parts. To reach these goals, process plans are defined with a sequence of skills to be utilized without specifying specific resources. This makes it possible to separate the physical world from the process plans. When a process plan requires a skill, e.g., grip with a gripper resource, then that skill may require further skills, e.g., move with a robot resource. This creates a tree of connected resources that are not defined in the process plan. Physical and logical compatibility between resources in this tree is checked by comparing several parameters defined on the resources and the part. This article presents an algorithm together with a multiagent system framework that handles the search and matching required for selecting the correct resources.
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| 17. |
- Bennulf, Mattias, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of resources and parts in a Plug and Produce system using OPC UA
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 38, s. 858-865
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes a method together with an implementation for automating the detection, identification and configuration of newly added resources and parts in a Plug and Produce system using OPC UA. In a Plug and Produce system, resources and parts are usually controlled by agents, forming a multi-agent system of collaborating resources. Hence, when a resource or part is connected to the system, a corresponding agent must be instantiated and associated with that specific device. In order to automate this, the system needs information about newly connected devices. This information could, for example, be positional data describing where the device is connected. Some devices like tools and parts to be processed have no own network connection, but still, they should get an agent with correct configuration instantiated. In this work, OPC UA is used for communication between devices and the corresponding agents. All agents and their communication are handled by an Agent Handling System, consisting of an OPC UA HUB together with functions for device detection and agent instantiation. The HUB is used for transferring data between devices and their agents in the network by OPC UA protocols. When a device is connected to the network, it is detected, and a connection is automatically created to the HUB that becomes configured for transmitting data between the device and its corresponding agent. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
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| 18. |
- Bennulf, Mattias, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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Verification and deployment of automatically generated robot programs used in prefabrication of house walls
- 2018
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Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; 72, s. 272-276
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a method for automating the generation, verification and deployment of robot programs used in prefabrication of walls for family houses. The making of robot programs is today performed manually by experts, i.e. implying high costs. This is a huge disadvantage since each wall can be unique. The work demonstrates, with implementation and testing, a method to automate the generation of robot programs for fabrication of walls made of wood. This includes the task of generating collision free paths, automatic verification of path performance and deploying to a real industrial robot with minimal human interaction. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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| 19. |
- Berg, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Transfer of fixed-N from N-2-fixing cyanobacteria associated with the moss Sphagnum riparium results in enhanced growth of the moss
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Plant and Soil. - : Springer Verlag (Germany). - 0032-079X .- 1573-5036. ; 362:1-2, s. 271-278
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the general assumption that nitrogen fixed by associated cyanobacteria will be readily utilised for growth by the Sphagnum, no empirical evidence is available in the literature. Therefore the effects of nitrogen transfer from cyanobacteria associated with S. riparium were investigated. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanCultivation of S. riparium with and without cyanobacteria was performed under laboratory conditions for 57 days. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanWe show that nitrogen fixation by cyanobacteria associated with Sphagnum mosses, influences moss growth by transfer of fixed nitrogen to the moss. More than 35 % of the nitrogen fixed by cyanobacteria was transferred to the newly formed moss biomass and resulted in an increase in the growth of Sphagnum biomass compared to the controls. The variation in the increase of nitrogen content explained 76 % of the biomass increment. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanHence, nitrogen fixation will have immediate effect on the carbon fixation by Sphagnum. This shows that factors regulating nitrogen fixation will have a direct effect on the role of Sphagnum dominated ecosystems with respect to carbon cycling.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Björn, Annika, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Rheological characteristics of reactor liquid from 12 full-scale biogas reactors
- 2012
-
Ingår i: International Conference on Applied Energy, ICAE 2012.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rheological properties of reactor liquids are important for the construction and intensity mixing systems in biogas reactors. Most frequently the total solids content (TS) is used as a proxy to guide in these matters. In order to establish a more comprehensive basis the rheology of twelve full-scale continuously stirred tank biogas reactors was characterized and related to differences in substrate composition and operational conditions. Reactor material from eight mesophilic (36−38°C) and four thermophilic (52−55°C) reactors were sampled at two occasions. The feedstocks of nine of these reactors were included in the analysis. Two of the mesophilic and one of the thermophilic digesters were fed sewage sludge (SS), while the others digested mixtures of organic matter including slaughterhouse waste (SHW), food industry waste (FIW), fat, manure, fodder residues and the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). The organic loading rates ranged 2.4−3.6 kg VS m-3 d-1 and the TS of the reactor materials were at 1.8−5.3% . The rheological characteristics of the reactor liquids were interpreted from flow- and viscosity curves as well as from determination of dynamic viscosity, limit viscosity, yield stress, flow behavior and consistency index.The fluid dynamic- and limit viscosities of the fluids ranged 5−600 mPa*s and 4−40 mPa*s, respectively. All reactor fluids except one from a thermohilic CD-reactor showed pseudoplastic behavior, since they became thinner with increasing shear stress until the viscosity reached a plateau of limit viscosity. In addition the mesophilic CD reactors were strongly thixothropic, i.e. they exhibited partial structure recovery. The results from the analysis of the thermophilic CD-reactors indicated a weak dilatant behavior, i.e. shear thickening behavior.The results showed differences in viscosity despite similar TS-content for several reactor liquids. From this survey it is clear that the TS content of biogas reactor fluids is not a good estimator of the fluid viscosity and that the fluid characteristics vary as a result of substrate composition and process operation conditions.
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| 22. |
- Björn, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Substrate and operational conditions as regulators of fluid properties in full-scale continuous stirred-tank biogas reactors - implications for rheology-driven power requirements
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Water Science and Technology. - : IWA PUBLISHING. - 0273-1223 .- 1996-9732. ; 78:4, s. 814-826
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding fluid rheology is important for optimal design and operation of continuous stirred-tank biogas reactors (CSTBRs) and is the basis for power requirement estimates. Conflicting results have been reported regarding the applicability of total solid (TS) and/or total volatile solid (TVS) contents of CSTBR fluids as proxies for rheological properties. Thus, the present study investigates relationships between rheological properties of 12 full-scale CSTBR fluids, their substrate profiles, and major operational conditions, including pH, TS and TVS contents, organic loading rate, hydraulic retention time, and temperature. Rheology-driven power requirements based on various fluid characteristics were evaluated for a general biogas reactor setup. The results revealed a significant correlation only between the rheological fluid properties and TS or TVS contents for sewage sludge digesters and thermophilic co-digesters (CD), but not for mesophilic CD. Furthermore, the calculated power requirements for pumping and mixing, based on the various fluid characteristics of the studied CSTBRs, varied broadly irrespective of TS and TVS contents. Thus, this study shows that the TS and/or TVS contents of digester fluid are not reliable estimators of the rheological properties in CSTBRs digesting substrates other than sewage sludge.
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| 23. |
- Bolmsjö, Gunnar, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Collaborative Robots to Support Flexible Operation in a Manufacturing System
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing, FAIM 2012. - Tampere, Finland : Tampere University. - 9789521527838 - 9789521527845 ; , s. 531-538
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Collaborative robotic systems where human(s) and robot(s) cooperate in performing a common task is an attractive solution to introduce automation combined with high flexibility for tasks that have a high complexity and characterized by low volume or down to one-off. By introducing collaboration in robotics systems, the operator can complement with cognitive capacity and skill in order to gain in flexibility and agility in the task operation. This paper describes on-going work related to work on collaboration between operator and robot. User scenarios are outlined together with methods, software components and hardware to support collaboration, where some of these are under development. As the standards related to collaborative robotic systems are soon to be completed, it is expected that this type of semi-automatic systems will be important for flexible and agile automation of production which otherwise cannot be automated.
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| 24. |
- Börjesson, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Methane fluxes from a Swedish landfill determined by geostatistical treatment of static chamber measurements
- 2000
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Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1086-931X .- 1520-6912 .- 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 34:18, s. 4044-4050
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Methane emissions from a Swedish landfill were measured with a static chamber technique on three occasions during 1997. Methane flux rates ranged from -15.2 x 10-3 to 40 g of CH4 m-2 h-1, and the spatial variability was high (CV = 343-386%). The spatial distribution of the emissions was estimated with the help of ordinary kriging, which is a spatial interpolation method. Three different approaches to estimate the total amounts were used: kriging on logarithm-transformed data, kriging with extremes excluded, and linear interpolation of measurements. These were compared between themselves and with the flux rates measured with a tracer gas technique. While the latter gave an estimate of 41 kg of CH4 h-1 from the landfill (with small variations), the highest possible estimate obtained with static chambers and geostatistical methods was 9.7 kg of CH4 h-1. The conclusion is that static chambers can hardly be trusted for making more than small-scale estimates of landfill gas emissions.Methane emissions from a Swedish landfill were measured with a static chamber technique on three occasions during 1997. Methane flux rates ranged from -15.2 ╫ 10-3 to 40 g of CH4 m-2 h-1, and the spatial variability was high (CV = 343-386%). The spatial distribution of the emissions was estimated with the help of ordinary kriging, which is a spatial interpolation method. Three different approaches to estimate the total amounts were used: kriging on logarithm-transformed data, kriging with extremes excluded, and linear interpolation of measurements. These were compared between themselves and with the flux rates measured with a tracer gas technique. While the latter gave an estimate of 41 kg of CH4 h-1 from the landfill (with small variations), the highest possible estimate obtained with static chambers and geostatistical methods was 9.7 kg of CH4 h-1. The conclusion is that static chambers can hardly be trusted for making more than small-scale estimates of landfill gas emissions.
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| 25. |
- Carlsson, Henrik, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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A General Virtual Manufacturing Concept for Programming, Verification and Optimisation of Complex Control Functions
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing, FAIM 2008: June 30th - July 2nd, 2008, University of Skövde, Sweden. - Skövde. - 9789163327575 ; , s. 668-675
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes a general virtual manufacturing concept for industrial control systems. Our virtual manufacturing concept provides a distinct advantage; programming, verification and optimisation of complex real-time dependent control functions described by real control code, which can be directly transferred to the real manufacturing system. To achieve this distinct advantage, a time synchronised virtual manufacturing system is a necessity. The aim of this paper is thus to present and to describe in detail, our proposed virtual manufacturing concept. To the authors’ knowledge no such general virtual manufacturing concept, i.e. one that can correctly handle complex real-time dependent control functions, currently exists. To summarise previous work related to virtual manufacturing and industrial control systems, several critical issues have been identified. The virtual manufacturing concept proposed in this paper addresses these issues. To verify that our concept can manage these critical issues found and further is suitable in industrial applications a virtual manufacturing test case is also presented. The test case, that includes motion control (i.e. servo), complex control functions, real control systems etc., was carried out with success.
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| 26. |
- Carlsson, Henrik, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Methods for Reliable Simulation-Based PLC Code Verification
- 2012
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics. - 1941-0050 .- 1551-3203. ; 8:2, s. 267-278
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simulation-based programmable logic controller (PLC) code verification is a part of virtual commissioning, where the control code is verified against a virtual prototype of an application. With today's general OPC interface, it is easy to connect a PLC to a simulation tool for, e. g., verification purposes. However, there are some problems with this approach that can lead to an unreliable verification result. In this paper, four major problems with the OPC interface are described, and two possible solutions to the problems are presented: a general IEC 61131-3-based software solution, and a new OPC standard solution.
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| 27. |
- Danielsson, Angelika, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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An ex vivo loop system models the toxicity and efficacy of PEGylated and unmodified adenovirus serotype 5 in whole human blood
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Gene Therapy. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0969-7128 .- 1476-5462. ; 17:6, s. 752-762
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polyethylene glycol coating (PEGylation) of adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) has been shown to effectively reduce immunogenicity and increase circulation time of intravenously administered virus in mouse models. Herein, we monitored clot formation, complement activation, cytokine release and blood cell association upon addition of uncoated or PEGylated Ad5 to human whole blood. We used a novel blood loop model where human blood from healthy donors was mixed with virus and incubated in heparin-coated PVC tubing while rotating at 37°C for up to 8 hours. Production of the complement components C3a and C5a and the cytokines IL-8, RANTES and MCP-1 was significantly lower with 20K-PEGylated Ad5 than with uncoated Ad5. PEGylation prevented clotting and reduced Ad5 binding to blood cells in blood with low ability to neutralize Ad5. The effect was particularly pronounced in monocytes, granulocytes, B-cells and T-cells, but could also be observed in erythrocytes and platelets. In conclusion, PEGylation of Ad5 can reduce the immune response mounted in human blood, although the protective effects are rather modest in contrast to published mouse data. Our findings underline the importance of developing reliable models and we propose the use of human whole blood models in pre-clinical screening of gene therapy vectors.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Danielsson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Simulation Study of on-state Losses as Function of Carrier Life-time for a GaN/SiC High Power HBT Design
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Physica scripta. T. - 0281-1847. ; 79, s. 290-293
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- SiC has several properties that makes it more suitable than silicon for high power devices. One problem with SiC bipolar devices is the short carrier life times, and this problem becomes more severe when designing devices for high voltage applications since the dimensions are larger. This work investigates how the Shockley-Read-Hall lifetime influences the on-state characteristics of a HBT or BJT switch in 4H-SiC. The on-state characteristics were simulated with varying SRH lifetimes in the base and drift region. Comparisons were made at 100 A/cm2 collector current density, Jc, and at the base current density, JB, where the total on-state power loss of the design is at minimum. The SRH lifetime in the drift region is the dominant parameter for on-state performance, whereas the SRH lifetime in the base is of much less importance. The simulations showed that to reach an acceptable JC/JB-ratio of 100 at power minimum a SRH lifetime of at least 100 ÎŒs in the drift region was needed for the HBT design. This lifetime is far from the experimental values reported for 4H-SiC. The advantages of the heterojunction in comparison to ordinary BJTs decreases with shorter SRH lifetimes, but an improvement could always be seen.
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| 31. |
- Danielsson, Fredrik, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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A Flexible Lean Automation Concept for Robotized Manufacturing Industry
- 2010
-
Ingår i: MESM 2010. - Ostend : Eurosis. - 9789077381595 ; , s. 101-104
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes a general virtual manufacturing concept for industrial control systems. Our virtual manufacturing concept provides a distinct advantage; programming, verification and optimisation of complex real-time dependent control functions described by real control code, which can be directly transferred to the real manufacturing system. To achieve this distinct advantage, a time synchronised virtual manufacturing system is a necessity. The aim of this paper is thus to present and to describe in detail, our proposed virtual manufacturing concept. To the authors’ knowledge no such general virtual manufacturing concept, i.e. one that can correctly handle complex real-time dependent control functions, currently exists. To summarise previous work related to virtual manufacturing and industrial control systems, several critical issues have been identified. The virtual manufacturing concept proposed in this paper addresses these issues. To verify that our concept can manage these critical issues found and further is suitable in industrial applications a virtual manufacturing test case is also presented. The test case, that includes motion control (i.e. servo), complex control functions, real control systems etc., was carried out with success.
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| 32. |
- Danielsson, Fredrik, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
A flexible lean automation concept for robotized manufacturing industry
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 4th International Swedish Production Symposium. - Lund : Swedish Production Academy. ; , s. 361-367
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to constant changesin the market there is a need for low-cost and low-volume manufacturing.Usually this type of production is difficult to automate due to the time ittakes to become profitable and the inflexibility of such solutions. Therefore, flexible automation solutions needto be addressed together with cost effective aspects. In this paper, a newconcept for the design of a flexible, robotized solution based on leanautomation is presented and simulated. The proposed lean automation concept isformed of standardized robot stations, human-robot collaboration and costeffective level of automation. The main goals are flexible automated productionsystem and reduced production cost. This paper shows that the proposed flexiblelean automation concept has some key advantages compared to the traditionalrobot cells; a longer lifetime for the robot cell as well as being easier tore-balance, introduce new parts to and expand the cell. Further, it also showsthat the proposed concept reduces the cost for automation of products with low volume.
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| 33. |
- Danielsson, Fredrik, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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A genetic algorithm with shuffle for job shop scheduling problems
- 2015
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Ingår i: Modelling and simulation 2015. - Ostend : ESM. - 9789077381908 ; , s. 363-367
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Job shop scheduling problems are computationally complex combinatorial optimization problems. Genetic algorithms have been used in various forms and in combination with other algorithms to solve job shop scheduling problems. A partially flexible job shop with precedence constraints increases this complex behaviour. There are two main parts to optimizing ajob shop, the routing and the scheduling. The objective here is to get consistent optimal makespan using a genetic algorithm. This paper firstly, presents a simulation approach for the considered partially flexible job shop scheduling problem. Which take into account the precedence constraints and reduce situations of deadlock. To solve the partially flexible job shop scheduling problem a genetic algorithm was used and improved. It utilise a genetic crossovers for routing and a new random shuffle feature is introduced for the scheduling. The computational results have shown that the algorithm performs well in terms of finding a consistent optimal schedule for the given problem
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| 34. |
- Danielsson, Fredrik, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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A Simulation-Based Optimization Approach for Holonic Manufacturing Systems
- 2012
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Ingår i: Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing, FAIM 2012. - Tampere University, Finland : Tampere University of Technology. - 9789521527838 - 9789521527845 ; , s. 515-522
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Holonic Manufacturing System (HMS) is an integrated multi-agent technology that represents the developing direction in the automation field. HMS can be represented as a non-hierarchical manufacturing architecture with no or limited supervision. However, it is a challenge for a single holon in a non-hierarchical system to make globally optimal decisions. This paper presents a simulation-based optimization method for HMS by introducing a new wizard holon. A wizard holon collects the necessary information from the entire HMS and uses Discrete Event System (DES) simulation to evaluate the cost of different decisions. Since a non-hierarchical approach is used the wizard input is only treated as an advice to achieve more globally optimal decisions. The decisions are still taken by the local holon. Even for an experienced operator it might be hard to predict the outcome of a decision in a critical situation. Hence, wizard advices are valuable for all types holons, including machines, robots, and operators.
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| 35. |
- Danielsson, Fredrik, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Flexible Robotized Automation in Manufacturing Systems
- 2011
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Ingår i: The 21st International Conference on Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing. - 9789868729100 ; , s. 207-214
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to constant changes in the market there is a need for low-cost and low-volume manufacturing. Usually this type of production is difficult to automate due to the time it takes to become profitable and the inflexibility of such solutions. Therefore, flexible automation solutions need to be addressed together with cost effective aspects. In this paper, a new concept for the design of a flexible, robotized solution based on lean automation is presented and simulated. The proposed lean automation concept is formed of standardized robot stations, human-robot collaboration and cost effective level of automation. The main goals are flexible automated production system and reduced production cost. This paper shows that the proposed flexible lean automation concept has some key advantages compared to the traditional robot cells; a longer lifetime for the robot cell as well as being easier to re-balance, introduce new parts to and expand the cell. Further, it also shows that the proposed concept reduces the cost for automation of products with low volume.
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| 36. |
- Danielsson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Integration of humans into a multi-agent system
- 2013
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Ingår i: ESM'2013 The 2013 European Simulation and Modelling Conference. - Ostend, Belgien : EUROSIS-ETI Publication. - 9789077381793 ; , s. 257-259
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to describe on-going work in the integration of humans in automated manufacturing systems. The intention is to achieve a flexible manufacturing system to meet the rapid developing and changing of today’s industry. The approach is based on a control concept with multi-agents. Humans, which are considered as a valuable factor in industrial production, are proposed as flexible agent resources for the automated manufacturing system.A test case was performed on a manufacturing system where three different groups of humans where integrated in the system; inspection, carrier and recovery. The P-SOP agent generator was used to automatically generate IEC 61131-3 PLC control code for the system.
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| 37. |
- Daníelsson, Guomundur, et al.
(författare)
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Venous ulcers associated with superficial venous insufficiency
- 2018
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Ingår i: Vascular Surgery : Cases, Questions and Commentaries - Cases, Questions and Commentaries. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319659350 - 9783319659367 ; , s. 589-597
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A 59-year-old female secretary was referred for evaluation and treatment of a non-healing painful ulcer on the medial aspect of her right lower leg. The ulcer had been recurrent almost every year for the past 9 years, often healing during the winter season. She had since early childhood been overweight (currently 87 kg, 170 cm, body mass index 30) and had difficulty in using compression stocking. She was otherwise healthy. She had two children, the first child born when she was 32 year of age and her second child 2 years later. After the birth of her second child she began to notice varicose veins on the lower leg on both sides and she often felt tiredness and heaviness in the leg in the afternoon. There was no history of deep venous thrombosis. She had been on birth control pills for 10 years and was currently on hormone replacement therapy because of severe postmenopausal symptoms. She had been treated at a local dermatological clinic for the past 2 years and was now being evaluated by a vascular surgeon. Clinical evaluation showed that she had 5 × 5 cm well-granulated ulceration above the right median malleolus which was surrounded by brownish leathery skin. She had slight swelling of the right leg with large varicosities below the knee. The left leg had large varicosities below the knee but no swelling or skin changes. Doppler examination revealed clear reflux in the groin that could be followed over both great saphenous veins (GSV) down the thigh. A possible minimal reflux was also noted in the popliteal fossa on the right side, although it was difficult to confirm this when the Doppler examination was repeated. Foot arteries were palpable on the dorsum of the foot on both sides.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Danielsson, Klara, et al.
(författare)
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Differential dopamine release by psychosis-generating and non-psychosis-generating addictive substances in the nucleus accumbens and dorsomedial striatum
- 2021
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Ingår i: Translational Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2158-3188. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Schizophrenia is associated with three main categories of symptoms; positive, negative and cognitive. Of these, only the positive symptoms respond well to treatment with antipsychotics. Due to the lack of effect of antipsychotics on negative symptoms, it has been suggested that while the positive symptoms are related to a hyperdopaminergic state in associative striatum, the negative symptoms may be a result of a reduced dopamine (DA) activity in the nucleus accumbens (nAc). Drug abuse is common in schizophrenia, supposedly alleviating negative symptomatology. Some, but not all, drugs aggravate psychosis, tentatively due to differential effects on DA activity in striatal regions. Here this hypothesis was tested in rats by using a double-probe microdialysis technique to simultaneously assess DA release in the nAc and associative striatum (dorsomedial striatum; DMS) following administration of the psychosis-generating substances amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg), cocaine (15 mg/kg) and Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, 3 mg/kg), and the generally non-psychosis-generating substances ethanol (2.5 g/kg), nicotine (0.36 mg/kg) and morphine (5 mg/kg). The data show that amphetamine and cocaine produce identical DA elevations both in the nAc and DMS, whereas nicotine increases DA in nAc only. Ethanol and morphine both increased DMS DA, but weaker and in a qualitatively different way than in nAc, suggesting that the manner in which DA is increased might be important to the triggering of psychosis. THC elevated DA in neither region, indicating that the pro-psychotic effects of THC are not related to DA release. We conclude that psychosis-generating substances affect striatal DA release differently than non-psychosis-generating substances.
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| 40. |
- Danielsson, Klara, et al.
(författare)
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Subregion-specific effects on striatal neurotransmission and dopamine-signaling by acute and repeated amphetamine exposure
- 2021
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Ingår i: Neuropharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0028-3908. ; 194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Repeated administration of psychostimulants, such as amphetamine, is associated with a progressive increased sensitivity to some of the drug's effects, but tolerance towards others. We hypothesized that these adaptations in part could be linked to differential effects by amphetamine on dopaminergic signaling in striatal subregions. To test this theory, acute and long-lasting changes in dopaminergic neurotransmission were assessed in the nucleus accumbens (nAc) and the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) following amphetamine exposure in Wistar rats. By means of in vivo microdialysis, dopamine release induced by local administration of amphetamine was monitored in nAc and DMS of amphetamine naïve rats, and in rats subjected to five days of systemic amphetamine administration (2.0 mg/kg/day) followed by two weeks of withdrawal. In parallel, ex vivo electrophysiology was conducted to outline the effect of acute and repeated amphetamine exposure on striatal neurotransmission. The data shows that amphetamine increases dopamine in a concentration-dependent and subregion-specific manner. Furthermore, repeated administration of amphetamine followed by abstinence resulted in a selective decrease in baseline dopamine in the nAc, and a potentiation of the relative dopamine elevation after systemic amphetamine in the same area. Ex vivo electrophysiology demonstrated decreased excitatory neurotransmission in brain slices from amphetamine-treated animals, and a nAc selective shift in the responsiveness to the dopamine D2-receptor agonist quinpirole. These selective effects on dopamine signaling seen in striatal subregions after repeated drug exposure may partially explain why tolerance develops to the rewarding effects, but not towards the psychosis inducing properties of amphetamine. © 2021 The Author(s)
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Danielsson, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Mini-seedlings of Picea abies are less attacked by Hylobius abietis than conventional ones : Is plant chemistry the explanation?
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0282-7581 .- 1651-1891. ; 23:4, s. 299-306
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pine weevil, Hylobius abietis (L.), is a major pest in conifer reforestation areas in the Palaearctic region. Size and chemistry of the seedlings may explain the damage rates in plantations. The performance of 10-week containerized seedlings (mini-seedlings) was compared with 1-year-old conventional seedlings of Norway spruce, Picea abies (L.), in a field experiment in central Sweden. After 2 years the weevil damage was lower for the mini-seedlings than for the conventional seedlings (3.5 vs 55%). After 3 years, the overall survival was 82 and 75%, respectively. Weevil damage was the main cause of mortality for conventional seedlings, whereas mini-seedlings mainly died from drought. Volatiles of the two seedling types were compared by solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography -mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS). Unwounded mini-seedlings and conventional seedlings differed in their compositions of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. Miniseedlings mainly emitted limonene, known to be repellent to the pine weevil. When wounded, green leaf volatiles were released by mini-seedlings while the pine weevil attractant alpha-pinene was released by conventional seedlings. Volatiles may partly explain the mini-seedlings' resistance against weevil attack. Further studies are needed to clarify how long this miniseedling effect remains.
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| 43. |
- Danielsson, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Apoptosis in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies with partial invasion; a role for CD8(+)cytotoxic T cells?
- 2020
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - San Francisco, CA, United States : PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE. - 1932-6203. ; 15:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polymyositis and inclusion body myositis are idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, with a pathology characterized by partial invasion of non-necrotic muscle fibres by CD8(+)cytotoxic T-cells, leading to fibre degeneration. Although the main effector pathway of CD8(+)T-cells is to induce apoptosis of target cells, it has remained unclear if apoptosis occurs in these diseases, and if so, if it is mediated by CD8(+)T-cells. In consecutive biopsy sections from 10 patients with partial invasion, muscle fibres and inflammatory cells were assessed by immunohistochemistry and apoptotic nuclei by the TUNEL assay. Analysis of muscle fibre morphology, staining pattern and quantification were performed on digital images, and they were compared with biopsies from 10 dermatomyositis patients and 10 controls without muscle disease. Apoptotic myonuclei were found in muscle with partial invasion, but not in the invaded fibres. Fibres with TUNEL positive nuclei were surrounded by CD8(+)T-cells, granzyme B(+)cells and macrophages, but lacked FAS receptor expression. In contrast, apoptotic myonuclei were rare in dermatomyositis and absent in controls. The findings confirm that apoptosis occurs in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies and support that it is mediated by CD8(+)cytotoxic T- cells, acting in parallel to the process of partial invasion.
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| 44. |
- Danielsson, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Skeletal muscle immunohistochemistry of acquired and hereditary myopathies
- 2021
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Rheumatology. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 1040-8711 .- 1531-6963. ; 33:6, s. 529-536
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of review The continued development in the field of immunohistochemistry (IHC) has improved the ability to diagnose muscle diseases. Many hereditary diseases are diagnosed by the absence or abnormal localization of proteins. Detection of secondary pathological protein expression is also used in diagnostics, and to study disease processes. We relate and discuss recent reports, where IHC has been an important tool in the investigation of muscle diseases. Recent findings In idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, IHC has extended its role to diagnose subgroups. This is most evident concerning immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy and antisynthetase syndrome. The availability of new antibodies has increased the sensitivity of a muscle biopsy to diagnose several hereditary myopathies. The introduction of protein restoration therapies in muscular dystrophies also comes with the need to detect and measure protein levels. For the study of disease processes at the protein level, in both acquired and hereditary myopathies IHC, often combined with gene studies, PCR-based methods, western blotting and electron microscopy, continues to bring forth interesting results. IHC is an integrated tool in muscle pathology, where recent studies contribute to improved diagnostic skills and increased insights into disease processes.
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| 45. |
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