| 1. |
- Abdellah, Tebani, et al.
(författare)
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Integration of molecular profiles in a longitudinal wellness profiling cohort.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An important aspect of precision medicine is to probe the stability in molecular profiles among healthy individuals over time. Here, we sample a longitudinal wellness cohort with 100 healthy individuals and analyze blood molecular profiles including proteomics, transcriptomics, lipidomics, metabolomics, autoantibodies andimmune cell profiling, complementedwith gut microbiota composition and routine clinical chemistry. Overall, our results show high variation between individuals across different molecular readouts, while the intra-individual baseline variation is low. The analyses show that each individual has a unique and stable plasma protein profile throughout the study period and that many individuals also show distinct profiles with regards to the other omics datasets, with strong underlying connections between the blood proteome and the clinical chemistry parameters. In conclusion, the results support an individual-based definition of health and show that comprehensive omics profiling in a longitudinal manner is a path forward for precision medicine.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Danielsson, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Exploration of human, rat, and rabbit embryonic cardiomyocytes suggests K-channel block as a common teratogenic mechanism
- 2013
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Ingår i: Cardiovascular Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP): Policy B. - 0008-6363 .- 1755-3245. ; 97:1, s. 23-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several drugs blocking the rapidly activating potassium (K-r) channel cause malformations (including cardiac defects) and embryonic death in animal teratology studies. In humans, these drugs have an established risk for acquired long-QT syndrome and arrhythmia. Recently, associations between cardiac defects and spontaneous abortions have been reported for drugs widely used in pregnancy (e.g. antidepressants), with long-QT syndrome risk. To investigate whether a common embryonic adverse-effect mechanism exists in the human, rat, and rabbit embryos, we made a comparative study of embryonic cardiomyocytes from all three species. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanPatch-clamp and quantitative-mRNA measurements of K-r and slowly activating K (K-s) channels were performed on human, rat, and rabbit primary cardiomyocytes and cardiac samples from different embryo-foetal stages. The K-r channel was present when the heart started to beat in all species, but was, in contrast to human and rabbit, lost in rats in late organogenesis. The specific K-r-channel blocker E-4031 prolonged the action potential in a species- and development-dependent fashion, consistent with the observed K-r-channel expression pattern and reported sensitive periods of developmental toxicity. E-4031 also increased the QT interval and induced 2:1 atrio-ventricular block in multi-electrode array electrographic recordings of rat embryos. The K-s channel was expressed in human and rat throughout the embryo-foetal period but not in rabbit. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanThis first comparison of mRNA expression, potassium currents, and action-potential characteristics, with and without a specific K-r-channel blocker in human, rat, and rabbit embryos provides evidence of K-r-channel inhibition as a common mechanism for embryonic malformations and death.
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| 5. |
- Danielsson, C, et al.
(författare)
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Is Cardiac Arrhythmia in the Human Embryo a Possible Mechanism for Cardiovascular Defects by I-Kr Blocking Antidepressants? in BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY, vol 91, issue 5, pp 345-345
- 2011
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Ingår i: BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY. - : WILEY-BLACKWELL, COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA. ; , s. 345-345
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
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| 6. |
- Edfors, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Gene-specific correlation of RNA and protein levels in human cells and tissues
- 2016
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Ingår i: Molecular Systems Biology. - : EMBO. - 1744-4292 .- 1744-4292. ; 12:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An important issue for molecular biology is to establish whether transcript levels of a given gene can be used as proxies for the corresponding protein levels. Here, we have developed a targeted proteomics approach for a set of human non-secreted proteins based on parallel reaction monitoring to measure, at steady-state conditions, absolute protein copy numbers across human tissues and cell lines and compared these levels with the corresponding mRNA levels using transcriptomics. The study shows that the transcript and protein levels do not correlate well unless a gene-specific RNA-to-protein (RTP) conversion factor independent of the tissue type is introduced, thus significantly enhancing the predictability of protein copy numbers from RNA levels. The results show that the RTP ratio varies significantly with a few hundred copies per mRNA molecule for some genes to several hundred thousands of protein copies per mRNA molecule for others. In conclusion, our data suggest that transcriptome analysis can be used as a tool to predict the protein copy numbers per cell, thus forming an attractive link between the field of genomics and proteomics.
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| 7. |
- Fagerberg, Linn, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of the human tissue-specific expression by genome-wide integration of transcriptomics and antibody-based proteomics
- 2014
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Ingår i: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - 1535-9476 .- 1535-9484. ; 13:2, s. 397-406
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Global classification of the human proteins with regards to spatial expression patterns across organs and tissues is important for studies of human biology and disease. Here, we used a quantitative transcriptomics analysis (RNA-Seq) to classify the tissue-specific expression of genes across a representative set of all major human organs and tissues and combined this analysis with antibody- based profiling of the same tissues. To present the data, we launch a new version of the Human Protein Atlas that integrates RNA and protein expression data corresponding to 80% of the human protein-coding genes with access to the primary data for both the RNA and the protein analysis on an individual gene level. We present a classification of all human protein-coding genes with regards to tissue-specificity and spatial expression pattern. The integrative human expression map can be used as a starting point to explore the molecular constituents of the human body.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Skold, A C, et al.
(författare)
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Translational Research: Electrophysiological Development in the Embryonic Heart of Rats, Rabbits, and Humans in BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY, vol 91, issue 5, pp 357-357
- 2011
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Ingår i: BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY. - : WILEY-BLACKWELL, COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA. ; , s. 357-357
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
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| 10. |
- Uhlén, Mathias, et al.
(författare)
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The human secretome
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science Signaling. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 1945-0877 .- 1937-9145. ; 12:609
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The proteins secreted by human cells (collectively referred to as the secretome) are important not only for the basic understanding of human biology but also for the identification of potential targets for future diagnostics and therapies. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of proteins predicted to be secreted in human cells, which provides information about their final localization in the human body, including the proteins actively secreted to peripheral blood. The analysis suggests that a large number of the proteins of the secretome are not secreted out of the cell, but instead are retained intracellularly, whereas another large group of proteins were identified that are predicted to be retained locally at the tissue of expression and not secreted into the blood. Proteins detected in the human blood by mass spectrometry-based proteomics and antibody-based immuno-assays are also presented with estimates of their concentrations in the blood. The results are presented in an updated version 19 of the Human Protein Atlas in which each gene encoding a secretome protein is annotated to provide an open-access knowledge resource of the human secretome, including body-wide expression data, spatial localization data down to the single-cell and subcellular levels, and data about the presence of proteins that are detectable in the blood.
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| 11. |
- Alt Murphy, Margit, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Acceleration based activity metrics during subacute inpatient stroke rehabilitation
- 2016
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Ingår i: Procedia Technology, Biosensors 2016, 25-27 May, Göteborg, Sweden..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- People after stroke have difficulties to reach sufficient physical activity level during their rehabilitation and particularly outside the therapy time. We aim to quantify activity levels and investigate differences in motor activity in weekdays and weekends in a subacute stage after stroke. Data from multiple three-axis accelerometers was collected during two 48h sessions in 11 patients. The activity level and symmetry indices were sensitive to variations in weekend and weekdays. This information is valuable in rehabilitation planning and management and enables identification of those in risk of low physical activity and inactivity.
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| 12. |
- Andersson, Sofi A., 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Arm impairment and walking speed explain real-life activity of the affected Arm and leg after stroke
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Foundation for Rehabilitation Information. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 53:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To determine to what extent accelerometer-based arm, leg and trunk activity is associated with sensorimotor impairments, walking capacity and other factors in subacute stroke. Design: Cross-sectional study. Patients: Twenty-six individuals with stroke (mean age 55.4 years, severe to mild motor impairment). Methods: Data on daytime activity were collected over a period of 4 days from accelerometers placed on the wrists, ankles and trunk. A forward stepwise linear regression was used to determine associations between free-living activity, clinical and demographic variables. Results: Arm motor impairment (Fugl-Meyer Assessment) and walking speed explained more than 60% of the variance in daytime activity of the more-affected arm, while walking speed alone explained 60% of the more-affected leg activity. Activity of the less-affected arm and leg was associated with arm motor impairment (R2=0.40) and independence in walking (R2=0.59). Arm activity ratio was associated with arm impairment (R2=0.63) and leg activity ratio with leg impairment (R2=0.38) and walking speed (R2=0.27). Walking-related variables explained approximately 30% of the variance in trunk activity. Conclusion: Accelerometer-based free-living activity is dependent on motor impairment and walking capacity. The most relevant activity data were obtained from more-affected limbs. Motor impairment and walking speed can provide some information about real-life daytime activity levels.
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| 13. |
- Andersson, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Metod- och kvalitetsbeskrivning för geografiskt fördelade emissioner till luft (submission 2019)
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sverige rapporterar årligen nationella utsläpp till luft till UNFCCC (FN:s klimatkonvention) och CLRTAP (UNECE:s konvention om gränsöverskridande luftföroreningar), så kallade submissioner. Förutom emissioner på nationell nivå finns även behov av data med högre geografisk upplösning. För regional uppföljning av miljömålen behövs emissioner på kommun- och länsnivå.Detta dokument utgör en metod- och kvalitetsbeskrivning av geografiskt fördelade emissioner för åren 1990, 2000, 2005 samt 2010-2017, rapporterade i submission 2019. Emissionerna presenteras i 55 olika sektorer uppdelade på nio huvudsektorer. Huvudsektorerna är El och fjärrvärme, Egen uppvärmning av bostäder och lokaler, Industri (energi och processer), Transporter, Arbetsmaskiner, Produktanvändning (inkl. lösningsmedel), Jordbruk, Avfall (inkl. avlopp) samt Utrikes transporter.Den geografiska fördelningen utförs huvudsakligen enligt konceptet ”topdown”. Detta innebär att emissioner bryts ner från en nationell totalemission för att uppnå en högre rumslig upplösning på lokal nivå. Nedbrytningen till högre rumslig upplösning kräver en geografisk begränsning av emissionerna och statistik på regional nivå. Metoden för geografisk fördelning tillåter för vissa utsläppskällor en hög rumslig upplösning (t.ex. för vägtrafik och industriprocesser). För flera sektorer är emellertid resultaten otillförlitliga om de ska studeras med högre upplösning än kommunnivå (i vissa fall även länsnivå).Arbetet med geografisk fördelning av Sveriges utsläpp till luft är sedan 2007 ett årligt projekt. Projektet har ett långsiktigt perspektiv med målsättningen att stegvis förbättra kvaliteten på geografiskt upplösta emissionsdata.Resultaten för alla sektorer presenteras med samma geografiska upplösning även om kvaliteten varierar. På grund av detta krävs det att användare av dessa emissionsdata går igenom kvalitetsbeskrivningen och bedömer om osäkerheterna är acceptabla för den aktuella tillämpningen.
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| 14. |
- Asif, Muhammad H, et al.
(författare)
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Functionalised ZnO-nanorod-based selective electrochemical sensor for intracellular glucose
- 2010
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Ingår i: Biosensors & Bioelectronics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-4235 .- 0956-5663. ; 25:10, s. 2205-2211
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we report a functionalised ZnO-nanorod-based selective electrochemical sensor for intracellular glucose. To adjust the sensor for intracellular glucose measurements, we grew hexagonal ZnO nanorods on the tip of a silver-covered borosilicate glass capillary (0.7 mu m diameter) and coated them with the enzyme glucose oxidase. The enzyme-coated ZnO nanorods exhibited a glucose-dependent electrochemical potential difference versus an Ag/AgCl reference microelectrode. The potential difference was linear over the concentration range of interest (0.5-1000 mu M). The measured glucose concentration in human adipocytes or frog oocytes using our ZnO-nanorod sensor was consistent with values of glucose concentration reported in the literature; furthermore, the sensor was able to show that insulin increased the intracellular glucose concentration. This nanoelectrode device demonstrates a simple technique to measure intracellular glucose concentration. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 15. |
- Back Danielsson, Ing-Marie, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Imagery beyond Representation
- 2012
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Ingår i: Encountering Imagery. - Stockholm : Stockholm University. - 9789197825795 ; , s. 1-12
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 16. |
- Bengtsson, Fredrik, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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A Design Architecture For Sensor Data Fusion Systems With Application To Automotive Safety
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 15th World Congress on ITS.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we present a modular sensor data fusion functional architecture, tailored for development of automotive active safety systems. The purpose of the fusion system is to provide active safety applications with accurate knowledge regarding the environment surrounding the vehicle. Our proposed functional architecture is designed in such way that the fusion system is easy to maintain, upgrade and re-use. These aspects are assessed by the use of a reference implementation which is evaluated in terms of tracking performance and scalability. Furthermore, the reference implementation demonstrates that a system can be implemented using rapid prototyping tools, from which we can automatically generate c-code.
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| 17. |
- Bennulf, Mattias, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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A conceptual model for multi-agent communication applied on a plug & produce system
- 2020
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Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; 93, s. 347-352
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today, multi-agent systems are still uncommon in the industry because they require more time to be implemented than traditional manufacturing systems. In this paper, a conceptual model and guidelines are defined for communication and negotiation between agents for Plug & Produce systems. Standards for agent communication exists today, such as the FIPA collection of specifications. However, FIPA is a broad and general standard for any kind of system and leaves a lot of room for interpretation. This paper presents a new conceptual model and guidelines on how to simplify the implementation phase by limiting the choices an engineer must make when implementing a multi-agent system for a manufacturing system. © 2020 The Authors.
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| 18. |
- Bennulf, Mattias, 1992-
(författare)
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A Control Framework for Industrial Plug & Produce
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kundanpassade produkter och korta produktionsserier blir alltmer populärt. Detta har lett till problem för dedikerade tillverkningssystem som är designade för massproduktion. Det krävs ofta långa produktionsserier för att det ska bli en rimlig investering att ställa om produktionen. Därför används människor för tillverkningsuppgifter som ofta ställs om. Denna avhandling fokuserar på konceptet Plug & Produce, som gör det enklare att flytta, lägga till och ta bort resurser från ett tillverkningssystem. Tanken är att resurser placeras i processmoduler som alla har samma fysiska gränssnitt för att kopplas in i tillverkningssystemet. Styrningen av tillverkningssystemet görs av ett multiagentsystem där varje detalj som ska produceras för produkter får en egen agent som representerar detaljen och agerar som styrningsmjukvara. Varje detaljs agent tar hand on sina egna tillverkningsmål genom att kommunicera med resursagenter i systemet som används för styrning av resurserna. I detta arbete, presenteras ett ramverk för Plug & Produce som består av ett konfigurerbart multiagentsystem, samt ett konfigurationsverktyg som kan användas för att definiera agenterna. Arbetet inkluderar metoder för att identifiera inkopplade resurser, kommunikation mellan agenter, schemaläggning som kan undvika konflikter mellan agenter, samt metoder för att automatiskt hitta vägar för transport genom tillverkningssystemet.
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| 19. |
- Bennulf, Mattias, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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A Method for Configuring Agents in Plug & Produce Systems
- 2022
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Ingår i: SPS2022. - : IOS Press. - 9781643682686 - 9781643682693 ; , s. 135-146
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multi-agent technology, used for implementing Plug & Produce systems have many proposed benefits for fast adaption of manufacturing systems. However, still today multi-agent technology is not ready for the industry, due to the lack of mature supporting tools and guidelines. The result is that today, multi-agent systems are more complicated and time-consuming to use than traditional approaches. This hides their true benefits. In this paper, a new method for configuring agents is presented that includes automated deployment to manufacturing systems and by its flexible design opens the possibility to connect many other supporting tools when needed. A configuration tool is also designed that works with the proposed method by connecting to an agent configuration database. The overall aim of the method is to simplify the steps taken for adapting a manufacturing system for new parts and resources.
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| 20. |
- Bennulf, Mattias, 1992-
(författare)
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A User-Friendly Approach for Applying Multi-Agent Technology in Plug & Produce Systems
- 2020
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis presents methods for simplifying the use of multi-agent systems in Plug & Produce. The demand for customized products and low volume production is constantly increasing. The industry has for many years used dedicated manufacturing systems where it is difficult and expensive to adapt to new product designs. Instead, factories are forced to use human workers for certain tasks that demand high flexibility and rapid adaption for new product designs. Several solutions have been proposed over the years to create highly flexible automation systems that automatically handles rapid adaption for new products. A concept called Plug & Produce aims at creating a system where resources and parts can be added in minutes rather than days in dedicated systems. One promising solution for implementing Plug & Produce is the distributed approach called multi-agent systems, where each resource and part get its own controller that communicates with each other to reach manufacturing goals. The idea is that the system automatically handles the adaption for new products. However, still today the use of such systems is extremely limited in the industry. One reason is the lack of mature multi-agent systems that are easy to use and that hides the complexity of the underlying agent system from the users. This is a huge problem since these systems tend to be more complex than traditional approaches. Thus, this thesis focuses on simplifying the use of multi-agent systems by proposing various methods for bringing the multi-agent technology for Plug & Produce closer to the industry.
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| 21. |
- Bennulf, Mattias, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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Goal-Oriented Process Plans in a Multiagent System for Plug & Produce
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1941-0050 .- 1551-3203. ; 17:4, s. 2411-2421
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a framework for Plug & Produce that makes it possible to use configurations rather than programming to adapt a manufacturing system for new resources and parts. This is solved by defining skills on resources, and goals for parts. To reach these goals, process plans are defined with a sequence of skills to be utilized without specifying specific resources. This makes it possible to separate the physical world from the process plans. When a process plan requires a skill, e.g., grip with a gripper resource, then that skill may require further skills, e.g., move with a robot resource. This creates a tree of connected resources that are not defined in the process plan. Physical and logical compatibility between resources in this tree is checked by comparing several parameters defined on the resources and the part. This article presents an algorithm together with a multiagent system framework that handles the search and matching required for selecting the correct resources.
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| 22. |
- Bennulf, Mattias, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of resources and parts in a Plug and Produce system using OPC UA
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 38, s. 858-865
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes a method together with an implementation for automating the detection, identification and configuration of newly added resources and parts in a Plug and Produce system using OPC UA. In a Plug and Produce system, resources and parts are usually controlled by agents, forming a multi-agent system of collaborating resources. Hence, when a resource or part is connected to the system, a corresponding agent must be instantiated and associated with that specific device. In order to automate this, the system needs information about newly connected devices. This information could, for example, be positional data describing where the device is connected. Some devices like tools and parts to be processed have no own network connection, but still, they should get an agent with correct configuration instantiated. In this work, OPC UA is used for communication between devices and the corresponding agents. All agents and their communication are handled by an Agent Handling System, consisting of an OPC UA HUB together with functions for device detection and agent instantiation. The HUB is used for transferring data between devices and their agents in the network by OPC UA protocols. When a device is connected to the network, it is detected, and a connection is automatically created to the HUB that becomes configured for transmitting data between the device and its corresponding agent. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
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| 23. |
- Bennulf, Mattias, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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Verification and deployment of automatically generated robot programs used in prefabrication of house walls
- 2018
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Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; 72, s. 272-276
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a method for automating the generation, verification and deployment of robot programs used in prefabrication of walls for family houses. The making of robot programs is today performed manually by experts, i.e. implying high costs. This is a huge disadvantage since each wall can be unique. The work demonstrates, with implementation and testing, a method to automate the generation of robot programs for fabrication of walls made of wood. This includes the task of generating collision free paths, automatic verification of path performance and deploying to a real industrial robot with minimal human interaction. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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| 24. |
- Bergh Nestlog, Ewa, et al.
(författare)
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Disciplinary content and text structures communicated in the classroom : pathways in science lessons
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Linguistics and Education. - 0898-5898 .- 1873-1864.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Making meaning about disciplinary knowledge involves both disciplinary content and relevant semiotic resources (e.g., text structures) for communicating the content, as two sides of a coin. The purpose of this study is to contribute to research in science education with a model for visualising how the two sides of the coin are elaborated in classroom interaction, aiming to support students’ disciplinary knowledge development. The model was developed based on data from a series of lessons in a primary science classroom where the teacher and her students negotiated and made meaning about action and reaction forces. We show how the model can be used to deepen the understanding of how the meaning making through classroom interaction forms a pathway, visualising different levels of disciplinary literacy and hence the model's usefulness for both research and for designing teaching practices.
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| 25. |
- Bergström, Gunnar
(författare)
-
Exploring the SPR methodology for monitoring of critical attributes in toxicity testing and bioproduction
- 2012
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Analysis of biological components is central in bioprocess monitoring, process control, product quality control and cell based toxicity assaying. One of these themes that is pursued in this thesis is the use of biosensors for monitoring of molecular markers, exploiting the natural selectivity of biomolecules. Another is the use of glycoconjugates to monitor the activity of biomolecules in a flu vaccine process is studied and were the sensor is based on the concept of weak affinity giving fast response time for the sensor.A third theme is monitoring of cell cultures used for toxicity testing different protein markers is of interest.When developing biosensor surfaces for new antigens commercial preparations of antibodies are often used. In this work we have chosen to look at lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and describe the preparation and characterisation of antibody used in biosensor surface development.The design of a sensor surface is important for the characteristics of a sensor. By binding antibodies in an oriented manner to the surface a better control of the properties of the antibodies is achieved. The demonstrated method also has the advantage of in situ purification and provides a flexible platform for antibody evaluation and sensor development.In one sentence this thesis explores the possibility of utilizing recognition elements of a biosensor surface. In particular, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is used as the primary biosensing tool, however most findings in are relevant for other biosensors.Moreover, the thesis approaches existing bioanalytical impediments, such as purity and accessibility of the recognition elements on the sensor surface and preparation strategies to achieve this.
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| 26. |
- Bolmsjö, Gunnar, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Collaborative Robots to Support Flexible Operation in a Manufacturing System
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing, FAIM 2012. - Tampere, Finland : Tampere University. - 9789521527838 - 9789521527845 ; , s. 531-538
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Collaborative robotic systems where human(s) and robot(s) cooperate in performing a common task is an attractive solution to introduce automation combined with high flexibility for tasks that have a high complexity and characterized by low volume or down to one-off. By introducing collaboration in robotics systems, the operator can complement with cognitive capacity and skill in order to gain in flexibility and agility in the task operation. This paper describes on-going work related to work on collaboration between operator and robot. User scenarios are outlined together with methods, software components and hardware to support collaboration, where some of these are under development. As the standards related to collaborative robotic systems are soon to be completed, it is expected that this type of semi-automatic systems will be important for flexible and agile automation of production which otherwise cannot be automated.
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| 27. |
- Bornefalk, Hans, et al.
(författare)
-
Enhanced spectral x-ray imaging
- 2021
-
Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- An x-ray imaging apparatus includes an x-ray source and detector with multiple detector elements. The source and detector are on a support that rotates around a subject, enabling projections at different view angles. The apparatus operates the x-ray source in switched kVp mode for alternately applying different voltages, including lower and higher voltages, during rotation to enable lower-energy and higher-energy exposures over the projections, providing for lower-energy projections and higher-energy projections. The x-ray detector is a photon-counting multi-bin detector allocating photon counts to multiple energy bins, and the apparatus selects counts from at least a subset of the bins to provide corresponding photon count information for both lower- and higher-energy projections. The apparatus performs material basis decomposition for some of the lower-energy projections and higher-energy projections and/or for some combinations of at least one lower-energy projection and at least one higher-energy projection, based on the corresponding photon count information.
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| 28. |
- Brodl, Ludvik, et al.
(författare)
-
Metod- och kvalitetsbeskrivning för geografiskt fördelade emissioner till luft (submission 2020)
- 2020
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sverige rapporterar årligen nationella utsläpp till luft till UNFCCC (FN:s klimatkonvention) och CLRTAP (UNECE:s konvention om gränsöverskridande luftföroreningar), så kallade submissioner. SMED har sedan rapporteringsåret 2001 ansvaret att på uppdrag av Naturvårdsverket ta fram allt dataunderlag och tillhörande dokumentation för dessa rapporteringar. Förutom emissioner på nationell nivå finns även behov av data med högre geografisk upplösning. För regional uppföljning av miljömålen behövs emissioner på kommun- och länsnivå.Detta dokument utgör en metod- och kvalitetsbeskrivning av geografiskt fördelade emissioner för åren 1990, 2000, 2005 samt 2010-2018, rapporterade i submission 2020. Emissionerna presenteras i 55 olika sektorer uppdelade på nio huvudsektorer. Huvudsektorerna är El och fjärrvärme, Egen uppvärmning av bostäder och lokaler, Industri (energi och processer), Transporter, Arbetsmaskiner, Produktanvändning (inkl. lösningsmedel), Jordbruk, Avfall (inkl. avlopp) samt Utrikes transporter. De ämnen som ingår ges nedan.Växthusgaser: CO2 (fossilt ursprung), CH4, N2O, HFC, PFC, SF6Metaller: Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Se, ZnPartiklar: PM2.5, PM10, TSP (Partiklar total), BC (sot)Övriga luftföroreningar: NOx, SOX, NH3, NMVOC, CO, dioxin, benso(a)pyren, PAH-4, HCB, PCBFör huvudsektorn Utrikes transporter fördelas eller redovisas inga växthusgaser geografiskt. Den geografiska fördelningen utförs huvudsakligen enligt konceptet ”top-down”. Detta innebär att emissioner bryts ner från en nationell totalemission för att uppnå en högre rumslig upplösning på lokal nivå. Nedbrytningen till högre rumslig upplösning kräver en geografisk begränsning av emissionerna och statistik på regional nivå.Metoden för geografisk fördelning tillåter för vissa utsläppskällor en hög rumslig upplösning (t.ex. för vägtrafik och industriprocesser). För flera sektorer är emellertid resultaten otillförlitliga om de ska studeras med högre upplösning än kommunnivå (i vissa fall även länsnivå). Resultaten från den geografiska fördelningen lagras i årsvisa emissionsdatabaser i SMHIs tekniska system för luftvårdsarbete; Airviro. Ur Airviro exporteras emissionerna till Excel-tabeller på läns- och kommunnivå. Emissionerna presenteras även på karta, samt i diagram. Publicering av resultaten sker via www.rus.lst.se. En presentation riktad mot allmänheten ges även på http://utslappisiffror.naturvardsverket.se/.Arbetet med geografisk fördelning av Sveriges utsläpp till luft är sedan 2007 ett årligt projekt. Projektet har ett långsiktigt perspektiv med målsättningen att stegvis förbättra kvaliteten på geografiskt upplösta emissionsdata. Resultaten för alla sektorer presenteras med samma geografiska upplösning även om kvaliteten varierar. På grund av detta krävs det att användare av dessa emissionsdata går igenom kvalitetsbeskrivningen och bedömer om osäkerheterna är acceptabla för den aktuella tillämpningen. Kvalitetsklassningen kan ge vägledning om de osäkerheter som finns på huvudsektornivå (en kvalitetsbeskrivning finns även i avsnitten i detta dokument för varje ingående undersektor). Genom retroaktiva omräkningar säkerställs att metodförändringar inte orsakar trendbrott. I vissa fall har dock tillgängliga grunddata (t.ex. statistik) förändrats, vilket kan leda till icke-reella trendbrott.
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| 29. |
- Carlsson, Henrik, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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A General Virtual Manufacturing Concept for Programming, Verification and Optimisation of Complex Control Functions
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing, FAIM 2008: June 30th - July 2nd, 2008, University of Skövde, Sweden. - Skövde. - 9789163327575 ; , s. 668-675
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes a general virtual manufacturing concept for industrial control systems. Our virtual manufacturing concept provides a distinct advantage; programming, verification and optimisation of complex real-time dependent control functions described by real control code, which can be directly transferred to the real manufacturing system. To achieve this distinct advantage, a time synchronised virtual manufacturing system is a necessity. The aim of this paper is thus to present and to describe in detail, our proposed virtual manufacturing concept. To the authors’ knowledge no such general virtual manufacturing concept, i.e. one that can correctly handle complex real-time dependent control functions, currently exists. To summarise previous work related to virtual manufacturing and industrial control systems, several critical issues have been identified. The virtual manufacturing concept proposed in this paper addresses these issues. To verify that our concept can manage these critical issues found and further is suitable in industrial applications a virtual manufacturing test case is also presented. The test case, that includes motion control (i.e. servo), complex control functions, real control systems etc., was carried out with success.
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| 30. |
- Carlsson, Henrik, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
-
Automated Generation of Discrete Event System Simulation Models for Flexible Automation
- 2011
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Ingår i: The 21st International Conference on Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing. - 9789868729100 ; , s. 825-832, s. 825-832
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Flexible automation cells with rapid product changes are an important competitive advantage for industries today. These cells can increase a company’s productivity and thereby increase their profits. A flexible cell shall be able to handle different products with none or minimal changes to the cell itself. A powerful tool, which can be used to analyse and verify such cells, is discrete event system simulation. Problems such as potential bottlenecks, deadlocks, answers to "what-if" questions and the level of resource utilisation can be gathered. The drawback of discrete event system simulation is that the modelling task is both time consuming and difficult to accomplish. Furthermore, state-of-the-art discrete event system simulation tools that are used in the industry today are not suitable for flexible automation. If the production scenario is changed, e.g. introduction of a new product, the simulation and modelling has to be redone and this is both time consuming and tedious. In this paper a new approach will be presented that enables discrete event simulation models to be generated automatically. The models are generated from information retrieved from a PLM/PDM database system, which is shared among other engineering tools such as robot simulation, CAD and process planning. Hence, when the cell and the database are updated a new model can easily be generated. The database is also connected to the real cell so up-to-date data can be retrieved from the real cell. The model generator described in this paper was implemented and tested in a discrete event system simulation tool and showed promising results. With this approach it is possible to handle flexible automation cells more effectively in a process planning stage.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Carlsson, Henric, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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General Time Synchronisation Method for PLC Programs Aiming at Virtual Verification and Development
- 2008
-
Ingår i: 17th IFAC World. - 9783902661005 ; , s. 4440-4445
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The latest state-of-the-art Computer Aided Production Engineering (CAPE) simulation technology offers OPC integration for PLC verification. A critical drawback with this technology has been identified and described within this paper. A new time synchronisation method and a simulation architecture are therefore presented and proposed. The time synchronisation method together with the architecture can be used when verifying and developing real-time dependent control logic for industrial control system, e.g. PLC with CAPE tools. The method described in this paper is general and should work on any PLCs that are compatible with the IEC 61131-3 standard. A test case was also carried out, showing that by disregarding time synchronisation it is impossible to verify real-time dependent PLC functions together with CAPE tools in a reliable way. However, the test case also shows that by applying the proposed time synchronisation method together with the described simulation architecture a successful industrial verification method is achieved
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| 33. |
- Carlsson, Henrik, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
-
Methods for Reliable Simulation-Based PLC Code Verification
- 2012
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics. - 1941-0050 .- 1551-3203. ; 8:2, s. 267-278
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simulation-based programmable logic controller (PLC) code verification is a part of virtual commissioning, where the control code is verified against a virtual prototype of an application. With today's general OPC interface, it is easy to connect a PLC to a simulation tool for, e. g., verification purposes. However, there are some problems with this approach that can lead to an unreliable verification result. In this paper, four major problems with the OPC interface are described, and two possible solutions to the problems are presented: a general IEC 61131-3-based software solution, and a new OPC standard solution.
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| 34. |
- Carlsson, Jenny, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Biosensor discrimination of meat juice from various animals using a lectin panel and ellipsometry
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Analytica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-2670 .- 1873-4324. ; 547:2, s. 229-236
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, simple microcontact printed gold-wafers were used to make a lectin panel for investigation and discrimination of different meat juices from fresh meat of cattle, chicken, pig, cod, turkey and lamb. Seven different lectins were thus attached to gold surfaces using the streptavidin–biotin method. Lectins recognize and bind specifically to carbohydrate structures present on different proteins. The biorecognition was evaluated with null ellipsometry and the data obtained was related to an internal standard of lactoferrin. The data was evaluated with multivariate data analysis techniques to identify possible discrimination or grouping of data. Scanning ellipsometry was used for visualization of the binding pattern of the lectins and the meat juice proteins. The two-dimensional images obtained could be used to visualize the protein distribution, furthermore, to exclude anomalies. The results showed that the different meat juices from the six different species: cattle, chicken, pig, cod, turkey and lamb could be discriminated from each other. The results showed to be more repetitive for the mammalian meat juices. Using a simple model based on an artificial neuronal net, it was also possible to classify meat juices from the mammals investigated.
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| 35. |
- Carlsson, Jenny, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Investigation of sera from various species by using lectin affinity arrays and scanning ellipsometry
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Analytica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-2670 .- 1873-4324. ; 530:2, s. 167-171
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Serum proteins of different species and of different human blood groups exhibit various protein glycosylation patterns. Sera from human, pig, sheep and guinea pig have been applied to a panel of eight different lectins immobilized on a gold wafer. The biorecognition has been evaluated with scanning ellipsometry and the two-dimensional matrices obtained have been treated with image analysis and MVDA for evaluation. The results showed a clear difference in protein binding pattern between the different species and thereby separation of the different sera could be made. Dendograms indicate that human and pig sera are the most related of the four different sera investigated.
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| 36. |
- Carlsson, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
-
Separation of meat juice from various animals using a lectin panel and ellipsometry
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this work simple microcontact printed gold-wafers were used to make a lectin panel for investigation and separation of different meat juices from fresh meat of cattle, chicken, pig, cod, turkey and lamb. Seven different lectins were thus attached to gold surfaces using the streptavidin-biotin method. Lectins recognize and bind specifically to carbohydrate structures present on different proteins. The bio-recognition was evaluated with null ellipsometry and the data obtained was related to an internal standard of lactoferrin. The data was evaluated with multivariate data analysis techniques to identify possible separation or grouping of data. Scanning ellipsometry was used for visualization of the binding pattern of the lectins and the meat juice proteins. The 2-dimensional images obtained could be used to visualize the protein distribution, furthermore, to exclude anomalies. The results showed that the different meat juices could be separated from each other. Using a simple model based on an artificial neuronal net, it was also possible to classify meat juices from the mammals investigated.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Christiansson, Anna-Karin, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
-
Automation of a robotised metal deposition system using laser melting of wire
- 2008
-
Ingår i: 18th International Conference on<em> </em>Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing (FAIM 2008). - 9789163327575 ; , s. 122-129
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper presents a system for full automation of free-form-fabrication of fully dense metal structures using robotized laser melting of wire. The structure is built of beads of melted wire laid side by side and layer upon layer governed by synchronized robot motion. By full automation is here meant that the process starts with a product specification of a component, and ends in a geometrically validated dense metal component fulfilling industrial material requirements. Due to the complexity of this flexible manufacturing system, a number of different disciplines are involved. This paper discusses mainly the system design, which includes how off-line programming is used for automatic generation of code and how feedback control is used for on-line adjustment of parameters based on desired building properties. To meet industrial needs, the project is carried out in a close cooperation between research and development activities in academy and industry.
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| 40. |
- da Silva, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
-
Resolution characterization of a silicon-based, photon-counting computed tomography prototype capable of patient scanning
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of Medical Imaging. - USA : SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering. - 2329-4302 .- 2329-4310. ; 6:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Photon-counting detectors are expected to bring a range of improvements to patient imaging with x-ray computed tomography (CT). One is higher spatial resolution. We demonstrate the resolution obtained using a commercial CT scanner where the original energy-integrating detector has been replaced by a single-slice, silicon-based, photon-counting detector. This prototype constitutes the first full-field-of-view silicon-based CT scanner capable of patient scanning. First, the pixel response function and focal spot profile are measured and, combining the two, the system modulation transfer function is calculated. Second, the prototype is used to scan a resolution phantom and a skull phantom. The resolution images are compared to images from a state-of-the-art CT scanner. The comparison shows that for the prototype 19 lp∕cm are detectable with the same clarity as 14 lp∕cm on the reference scanner at equal dose and reconstruction grid, with more line pairs visible with increasing dose and decreasing image pixel size. The high spatial resolution remains evident in the anatomy of the skull phantom and is comparable to that of other photon-counting CT prototypes present in the literature. We conclude that the deep silicon-based detector used in our study could provide improved spatial resolution in patient imaging without increasing the x-ray dose.
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| 41. |
- Danielsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Attenuation of insulin-stimulated insulin receptor substrate-1 serine 307 phosphorylation in insulin resistance of type 2 diabetes
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Journal of biological chemistry. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 280:41, s. 34389-3492
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Insulin resistance is a primary characteristic of type 2 diabetes and likely causally related to the pathogenesis of the disease. It is a result of defects in signal transduction from the cell surface receptor of insulin to target effects. We found that insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of serine 307 (corresponding to serine 302 in the murine sequence) in the immediate downstream mediator protein of the insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS1), is required for efficient insulin signaling and that this phosphorylation is attenuated in adipocytes from patients with type 2 diabetes. Inhibition of serine 307 phosphorylation by rapamycin mimicked type 2 diabetes and reduced the sensitivity of IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation in response to insulin, while stimulation of the phosphorylation by okadaic acid, in cells from patients with type 2 diabetes, rescued cells from insulin resistance. EC50 for insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of serine 307 was about 0.2 nM with a t1/2 of about 2 min. The amount of IRS1 was similar in cells from non-diabetic and diabetic subjects. These findings identify a molecular mechanism for insulin resistance in non-selected patients with type 2 diabetes.
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| 42. |
- Danielsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Insulin resistance in human adipocytes occurs downstream of IRS1 after surgical cell isolation but at the level of phosphorylation of IRS1 in type 2 diabetes
- 2005
-
Ingår i: The FEBS Journal. - : Wiley. - 1742-464X .- 1742-4658. ; 272:1, s. 141-151
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Insulin resistance is a cardinal feature of type 2 diabetes and also a consequence of trauma such as surgery. Directly after surgery and cell isolation, adipocytes were insulin resistant, but this was reversed after overnight incubation in 10% CO2 at 37 °C. Tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrate (IRS)1 was insulin sensitive, but protein kinase B (PKB) and downstream metabolic effects exhibited insulin resistance that was reversed by overnight incubation. MAP-kinases ERK1/2 and p38 were strongly phosphorylated after surgery, but was dephosphorylated during reversal of insulin resistance. Phosphorylation of MAP-kinase was not caused by collagenase treatment during cell isolation and was present also in tissue pieces that were not subjected to cell isolation procedures. The insulin resistance directly after surgery and cell isolation was different from insulin resistance of type 2 diabetes; adipocytes from patients with type 2 diabetes remained insulin resistant after overnight incubation. IRS1, PKB, and downstream metabolic effects, but not insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor, exhibited insulin resistance. These findings suggest a new approach in the study of surgery-induced insulin resistance and indicate that human adipocytes should recover after surgical procedures for analysis of insulin signalling. Moreover, we pinpoint the signalling dysregulation in type 2 diabetes to be the insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of IRS1 in human adipocytes.
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| 43. |
- Danielsson, Anna, 1973-
(författare)
-
Insulin signalling in human adipocytes : mechanisms of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes
- 2007
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Prevalensen av fetma ökar drastiskt i stora delar av världen och utgör en stor riskfaktor för att utveckla insulinresistens och typ 2 diabetes. Fettväven kan bli mycket stor om för mycket energi tas upp av kroppen. Vid extrem övervikt är fettväven i kroppen i ett stresstillstånd, vilket gör att risken för att utveckla metabola sjukdomar som t.ex. typ 2 diabetes ökar. Fett lagras i olika fettdepåer i kroppen. Inlagringen i djupare kroppsdelar, runt och i inre organ s.k. visceralt fett, skiljer sig från fettväven som lagras direkt under huden s.k. subkutant fett. Nyare rön visar att mer visceral fettväv ökar risken för att utveckla insulinresistens och typ 2 diabetes.Fettcellen är tillsammans med muskel- och leverceller de viktigaste för glukosmetabolismen. Fettcellen är en stor cell, som man lätt kan se med blotta ögat. Storleken på ellerna varierar dock kraftigt i en och samma fettvävnad. Upptag av glukos från maten vi äter regleras av hormonet insulin. Insulinresistens är ett tillstånd då cellerna svarar dåligt på insulin, vilket gör att glukoshalten i blodet ökar. Detta förekommer vid typ 2 diabetes, men även vid andra tillstånd där cellerna blir stressade, t.ex. kirurgiska ingrepp. Insulinsignaleringen i fettcellen är komplex och signalöverföringen inne i cellen sker främst via en kaskad av fosforyleringar, där olika proteiner i en signalkedja fosforyleras eller defosforyleras. Slutligen leder denna fosforyleringskaskad till insulinets sluteffekter som t.ex. upptag av glukos, proteinsyntes och celltillväxt. Efter att insulin bundit till och fosforylerat/aktiverat insulinreceptorn delas signalen upp inne i cellen i två huvudvägar; den metabola signalvägen och den mitogena signalvägen. Insulinreceptorsubstrat 1, IRS1, är ett stort protein som insulinreceptorn verkar direkt på. Fosforylering av aminosyran tyrosin på IRS1 är mycket viktigt för fortsatt insulinsignalering i fettcellen. IRS1 fosforyleras även på aminosyran serin som svar på bl.a. insulin. Serinfosforyleringen av IRS1 hämmar eller stimulerar insulinsignaleringen, ofta genom återkoppling av insulinsignalen.Syftet med den här avhandlingen är att beskriva möjliga cellulära mekanismer i insulinsignaleringen vid insulinresistens som resultat av kirurgisk stress eller vid typ 2 diabetes i fettceller från människa.Häri har upptaget av glukos analyserats och jämförts i fettceller från olika fettdepåer. Viscerala fettceller har högre basalt och insulinstimulerat glukosupptag och mer glucostransportörprotein än subkutana fettceller. Däremot är det ingen skillnad i insulinkänslighet angående glukosupptaget i de olika typerna av fettceller.Vidare fann vi att den kirurgiskt orsakade insulinresistensen hos subkutana fettceller från människa återgår till det normala efter övernattinkubering av cellerna i odlingsmedium. Insulinresistensen vid typ 2 diabetes är däremot permanent och har en annan mekanism än den reversibla, stress-relaterade insulinresistensen. Insulinresistansen vid typ 2 diabetes beror på att signalöverföringen mellan olika proteiner i cellen är defekt. Insulinreceptorns förmåga att fosforylera IRS1 på aminosyran tyrosin är nedsatt hos patienter med typ 2 diabetes. Fosforyleringen av IRS1 på serin 307 (i den humana sekvensen) ökar snabbt hos icke-diabetiska fettceller som svar på insulin. Denna serinfosforylering verkar behövas för att IRS1 effektivt ska tyrosinfosforyleras och därmed leda insulinsignalen vidare inne i cellen. Fosforyleringen av IRS1 på serin 307 är kraftigt nedsatt hos subkutana fettceller från patienter med typ 2 diabetes. Fosforyleringen av IRS1 på serin 312 är däremot liknande i fettceller från icke-diabetiker och diabetiker (Öst et.al. (2007) Faseb.J. doi: 10.1096/fj.07-8173com). Fosforyleringen av IRS1 på serin 312 är mest involverad i insulinsignaleringens negativa återkoppling. Fosforyleringen av serin 307 sker snabbt och vid låga insulinkoncentrationer, medan fosforyleringen på serin 312 sker först efter lång inkubering och vid höga insulinkoncentrationer.Detta är en ny mekanism på cellulär nivå som möjligen kan beskriva insulinresistansen i fettceller från människa. Tillsammans styrs återkopplingen via den stimulerande fosforyleringen (serin 307) eller den hämmande fosforyleringen (serin 312) och kontrollerar insulinsignaleringen i cellen. Fosforyleringarna sker möjligen via samma proteinkinas och/eller proteinfosfatas och kan bli mål för terapeutiska läkemedel mot typ 2 diabetes i framtiden.
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| 44. |
- Danielsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Phosphorylation of IRS1 at serine 307 and serine 312 in response to insulin in human adipocytes
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Biochemical and biophysical research communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-291X. ; 342:4, s. 1183-1187
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Feedback control in insulin signaling involves serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS1). By analyzing the insulin-induced phosphorylation of IRS1 at serine 307, serine 312, and tyrosine in the same primary human adipocytes, we now report that negative feedback phosphorylation of serine 312 (corresponding to murine serine 307) required relatively high concentrations of insulin (EC50 = 3 nM) for a long time (t1/2 ca. 30 min) and reduced the steady-state tyrosine phosphorylation, without affecting the cellular concentration, of IRS1. In contrast, positive feedback phosphorylation of serine 307 was a rapid (t1/2 ca. 2 min) event at physiological concentrations of insulin (EC50 = 0.2 nM).
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| 45. |
- Danielsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Short-Term Overeating Induces Insulin Resistance in Fat Cells in Lean Human Subjects
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Molecular Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1076-1551 .- 1528-3658. ; 15:7-8, s. 228-234
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are closely linked to obesity. Numerous prospective studies have reported on weight gain, insulin resistance, and insulin signaling in experimental animals, but not in humans. We examined insulin signaling in adipocytes from lean volunteers, before and at the end of a 4-wk period of consuming a fast-food, high-calorie diet that led to weight gain. We also examined adipocytes from patients with T2D. During the high-calorie diet, subjects gained 10% body weight and 19% total body fat, but stayed lean (body mass index = 24.3 kg/m2) and developed moderate systemic insulin resistance. Similarly to the situation in T2D subjects, in subjects on the high-calorie diet, the amount of insulin receptors was reduced and phosphorylation of IRS1 at tyrosine and at serine-307 (human sequence, corresponding to murine serine-302) were impaired. The amount of insulin receptor substrate protein-1 (IRS1) and the phosphorylation of IRS1 at serine-312 (human sequence, corresponding to murine serine-307) were unaffected by the diet. Unlike the T2D subjects, in subjects on the high-calorie diet, likely owing to the ongoing weight-gain, phosphorylation of MAP-kinases ERK1/2 became hyperresponsive to insulin. To our knowledge this study is the first to investigate insulin signaling during overeating in humans, and it demonstrates that T2D effects on intracellular insulin signaling already occur after 4 wks of a high-calorie diet and that the effects in humans differ from those in laboratory animals.
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| 46. |
- Danielsson, Angelika, et al.
(författare)
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The Human Pancreas Proteome Defined by Transcriptomics and Antibody-Based Profiling
- 2014
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:12, s. e115421-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pancreas is composed of both exocrine glands and intermingled endocrine cells to execute its diverse functions, including enzyme production for digestion of nutrients and hormone secretion for regulation of blood glucose levels. To define the molecular constituents with elevated expression in the human pancreas, we employed a genome-wide RNA sequencing analysis of the human transcriptome to identify genes with elevated expression in the human pancreas. This quantitative transcriptomics data was combined with immunohistochemistry-based protein profiling to allow mapping of the corresponding proteins to different compartments and specific cell types within the pancreas down to the single cell level. Analysis of whole pancreas identified 146 genes with elevated expression levels, of which 47 revealed a particular higher expression as compared to the other analyzed tissue types, thus termed pancreas enriched. Extended analysis of in vitro isolated endocrine islets identified an additional set of 42 genes with elevated expression in these specialized cells. Although only 0.7% of all genes showed an elevated expression level in the pancreas, this fraction of transcripts, in most cases encoding secreted proteins, constituted 68% of the total mRNA in pancreas. This demonstrates the extreme specialization of the pancreas for production of secreted proteins. Among the elevated expression profiles, several previously not described proteins were identified, both in endocrine cells (CFC1, FAM159B, RBPJL and RGS9) and exocrine glandular cells (AQP12A, DPEP1, GATM and ERP27). In summary, we provide a global analysis of the pancreas transcriptome and proteome with a comprehensive list of genes and proteins with elevated expression in pancreas. This list represents an important starting point for further studies of the molecular repertoire of pancreatic cells and their relation to disease states or treatment effects.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Danielsson Borssén, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Epidemiology and causes of death in a Swedish cohort of patients with autoimmune hepatitis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 52:9, s. 1022-1028
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Epidemiological studies of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) show varying figures on prevalence and incidence, and data on the long-term prognosis are scarce.Objective To investigate the epidemiology, long-term prognosis and causes of death in a Swedish AIH cohort.Material and methods: Data collected from 634 AIH patients were matched to the Cause of Death Registry, and survival analyses were made. Prevalence and incidence were calculated for university hospitals with full coverage of cases and compared to the County of Vasterbotten in Northern Sweden.Results: AIH point prevalence was 17.3/100,000 inhabitants in 2009, and the yearly incidence 1990-2009 was 1.2/100,000 inhabitants and year. The time between diagnosis and end of follow-up, liver transplantation or death was in median 11.3 years (range 0-51.5 years). Men were diagnosed earlier (p<.001) and died younger than women (p=.002). No gender differences were found concerning transplant-free, overall survival and liver-related death. Cirrhosis at diagnosis was linked to an inferior survival (p<.001). Liver-related death was the most common cause of death (32.7%). The relative survival started to diverge from the general population 4 years after diagnosis but a distinct decline was not observed until after more than 10 years.Conclusions: Long-term survival was reduced in patients with AIH. No gender difference regarding prognosis was seen but men died younger, probably as a result of earlier onset of disease. Cirrhosis at diagnosis was a risk factor for poor prognosis and the overall risk of liver-related death was increased.
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| 49. |
- Danielsson Borssén, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Epidemiology and causes of death in a Swedish cohort of patients with autoimmune hepatitis
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background Epidemiological studies of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) show varying figures on prevalence and incidence, and data on the long-term prognosis are scarce.Objective To investigate the epidemiology, long-term prognosis and causes of death in a Swedish AIH cohort.Material and methods Data collected from 634 AIH patients were matched to the Cause of Death Registry, and survival analyses were made. Prevalence and incidence were calculated for University Hospitals with full coverage of cases and compared to the County of Västerbotten in Northern Sweden.Results AIH point prevalence was 17.3/100 000 inhabitants in 2009, and the yearly incidence 1990-2009 was 1.2/100 000 inhabitants and year. The time between diagnosis and end of follow-up, liver transplantation or death was in median 11.3 years (range 0-51.5 years). Men were diagnosed earlier (p<0.001) and died younger than women (p=0.002). No gender differences were found concerning transplant-free, overall survival and liver-related death. Cirrhosis at diagnosis was linked to an inferior survival (p<0.001). Liver-related death was the most common cause of death (32.7%). The relative survival started to diverge from the general population 4 years after diagnosis but a distinct decline was not observed until after more than 10 years. Conclusions Long-term survival was reduced in patients with AIH. No gender difference regarding prognosis was seen but men died younger, probably as a result of earlier onset of disease. Cirrhosis at diagnosis was a risk factor for poor prognosis and the overall risk of liver-related death was increased.
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| 50. |
- Danielsson Borssén, Åsa, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Histological improvement of liver fibrosis in well-treated patients with autoimmune hepatitis : A cohort study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0025-7974 .- 1536-5964. ; 96:34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic autoimmune liver disease that if left untreated may lead to the development of cirrhosis. Previous studies on AIH patients have suggested that fibrosis and even cirrhosis can be reversed by medical treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of medical treatment for protection of developing fibrosis and cirrhosis.A total of 258 liver biopsies from 101 patients (72 women, 29 men) were analyzed by a single pathologist and classified according to the Ishak grading (inflammation) and staging (fibrosis) system. Liver histology was stratified according to the temporal changes of fibrosis stage (increased, decreased, or stable), and groups were compared.Complete or partial response to medical treatment was 94.9%. Reduction of fibrosis stage from the first to the last biopsy was seen in 63 patients (62.4%). We found an association between a reduction in the fibrosis stage and continuous glucocorticoid medication, as well as lowered scores of inflammation at last biopsy. Twenty-one patients had cirrhosis (Ishak stage 6) at least in one of the previous biopsies, but only 5 patients at the last biopsy.Histological improvement is common in AIH patients that respond to medical treatment, and a reduction or stabilization of fibrosis stage occurs in about 2/3 of such patients.
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