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- Auffray, C., et al.
(författare)
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COVID-19 and beyond : a call for action and audacious solidarity to all the citizens and nations, it is humanity’s fight
- 2020
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Ingår i: F1000 Research. - : F1000 Research Ltd. - 2046-1402. ; 9, s. 1130-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) belongs to a subgroup of coronaviruses rampant in bats for centuries. It caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Most patients recover, but a minority of severe cases experience acute respiratory distress or an inflammatory storm devastating many organs that can lead to patient death. The spread of SARS-CoV-2 was facilitated by the increasing intensity of air travel, urban congestion and human contact during the past decades. Until therapies and vaccines are available, tests for virus exposure, confinement and distancing measures have helped curb the pandemic. Vision: The COVID-19 pandemic calls for safeguards and remediation measures through a systemic response. Self-organizing initiatives by scientists and citizens are developing an advanced collective intelligence response to the coronavirus crisis. Their integration forms Olympiads of Solidarity and Health. Their ability to optimize our response to COVID-19 could serve as a model to trigger a global metamorphosis of our societies with far-reaching consequences for attacking fundamental challenges facing humanity in the 21st century. Mission: For COVID-19 and these other challenges, there is no alternative but action. Meeting in Paris in 2003, we set out to "rethink research to understand life and improve health." We have formed an international coalition of academia and industry ecosystems taking a systems medicine approach to understanding COVID-19 by thoroughly characterizing viruses, patients and populations during the pandemic, using openly shared tools. All results will be publicly available with no initial claims for intellectual property rights. This World Alliance for Health and Wellbeing will catalyze the creation of medical and health products such as diagnostic tests, drugs and vaccines that become common goods accessible to all, while seeking further alliances with civil society to bridge with socio-ecological and technological approaches that characterise urban systems, for a collective response to future health emergencies.
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| 2. |
- Danilenko, A., et al.
(författare)
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Deep optical imaging of the gamma-ray pulsar J1048-5832 with the VLT
- 2013
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 552, s. A127-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context. PSR J1048-5832 is a young radio-pulsar that has recently been detected in gamma-rays with Fermi, and also in X-rays with Chandra and XMM-Newton. It powers a compact pulsar wind nebula visible in X-rays and is in many ways similar to the Vela pulsar. Aims. We present deep optical observations made with the ESO Very Large Telescope to search for optical counterparts of the pulsar and its nebula and to explore their multi-wavelength emission properties. Methods. The data were obtained in the V and R bands and were compared with archival data in other spectral domains. Results. We do not detect the pulsar in the optical and derive informative upper limits of R greater than or similar to 28(.)(m) 1 and V less than or similar to 28(.)(m) 4 for its brightness. Using a red-clump star method, we estimate an interstellar extinction towards the pulsar of A(V) approximate to 2 mag, which is consistent with the absorbing column density derived from X-rays. The respective distance agrees with the dispersion measure distance. We reanalysed the Chandra X-ray data and compared the dereddened upper limits with the unabsorbed X-ray spectrum of the pulsar. We find that regarding its optical-X-ray spectral properties this gamma-ray pulsar is not distinct from other pulsars detected in both ranges. However, like the Vela pulsar, it is very inefficient in the optical and X-rays. Among a dozen optical sources overlapping with the pulsar X-ray nebula we find one with V approximate to 26(.)(m)9 and R approximate to 26. m 3, whose colour is slightly bluer than that of the field stars and is consistent with the peculiar colours typical for pulsar nebula features. It positionally coincides with a relatively bright feature of the pulsar X-ray nebula, resembling the Crab wisp and is located in similar to 2 '' from the pulsar. We suggest this source as a counterpart candidate to the feature. Conclusions. Based on the substantial interstellar extinction towards the pulsar and its optical inefficiency, additional optical studies should be carried out at longer wavelengths.
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| 3. |
- Prikhna, T., et al.
(författare)
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Effects of high pressure on the physical properties of MgB2
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1939 .- 1557-1947. ; 24:5, s. 137-150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The synthesis of MgB2-based materials under high pressure gave the possibility to suppress the evaporation of magnesium and to obtain near theoretically dense nanograined structures with high superconducting, thermal conducting, and mechanical characteristics: critical current densities of 1.8-1.0×106 A/cm2 in the self-field and 103 A/cm2 in a magnetic field of 8 T at 20 K, 5-3×105 A/cm2 in self-field at 30 K, the corresponding critical fields being Hc2=15 T at 22 K and irreversible fields Hirr=13 T at 20 K, and Hirr=3.5 T at 30 K, thermal conduction of 53±2 W/(m{dot operator}K), the Vickers hardness HV=10.12±0.2 GPa under a load of 148.8 N and the fracture toughness K1 C=7.6±2.0 MPa{dot operator}m0.5 under the same load, the Young modulus E=213 GPa. Estimation of quenching current and AC losses allowed the conclusion that high-pressure-prepared materials are promising for application in transformer-type fault current limiters working at 20-30 K.
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| 4. |
- Voloshin, V. A., et al.
(författare)
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Interplay of structure, magnetism and resistivity of La0.5Ca0.54MnO3+x
- 2000
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Ingår i: Physics Letters A. - 0375-9601 .- 1873-2429. ; 271:02-jan, s. 121-127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The structure of La0,5Ca0,5MnO3 is well known for T> 250 K and T( 150 K. But in the intermediate region some structure characteristics are difficult to understand [1]. This Letter studies in this temperature region the interrelation between structure and the experimental data like magnetism and resistivity on the basis of a vibron-electron dynamic equilibrium hypothesis. It has been shown that behavior of paramagnetic-to-ferromagnetic transition can be explaned in the framework of this hypothesis.
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