| 1. |
- Kanai, M, et al.
(författare)
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- 2023
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Glasbey, JC, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 8. |
- Bravo, L, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 9. |
- Tabiri, S, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 10. |
- Abel, I, et al.
(författare)
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Overview of the JET results with the ITER-like wall
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 53:10, s. 104002-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Following the completion in May 2011 of the shutdown for the installation of the beryllium wall and the tungsten divertor, the first set of JET campaigns have addressed the investigation of the retention properties and the development of operational scenarios with the new plasma-facing materials. The large reduction in the carbon content (more than a factor ten) led to a much lower Z(eff) (1.2-1.4) during L- and H-mode plasmas, and radiation during the burn-through phase of the plasma initiation with the consequence that breakdown failures are almost absent. Gas balance experiments have shown that the fuel retention rate with the new wall is substantially reduced with respect to the C wall. The re-establishment of the baseline H-mode and hybrid scenarios compatible with the new wall has required an optimization of the control of metallic impurity sources and heat loads. Stable type-I ELMy H-mode regimes with H-98,H-y2 close to 1 and beta(N) similar to 1.6 have been achieved using gas injection. ELM frequency is a key factor for the control of the metallic impurity accumulation. Pedestal temperatures tend to be lower with the new wall, leading to reduced confinement, but nitrogen seeding restores high pedestal temperatures and confinement. Compared with the carbon wall, major disruptions with the new wall show a lower radiated power and a slower current quench. The higher heat loads on Be wall plasma-facing components due to lower radiation made the routine use of massive gas injection for disruption mitigation essential.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Romanelli, F, et al.
(författare)
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Overview of the JET results
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 51:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the last IAEA Conference JET has been in operation for one year with a programmatic focus on the qualification of ITER operating scenarios, the consolidation of ITER design choices and preparation for plasma operation with the ITER-like wall presently being installed in JET. Good progress has been achieved, including stationary ELMy H-mode operation at 4.5 MA. The high confinement hybrid scenario has been extended to high triangularity, lower ρ*and to pulse lengths comparable to the resistive time. The steady-state scenario has also been extended to lower ρ*and ν*and optimized to simultaneously achieve, under stationary conditions, ITER-like values of all other relevant normalized parameters. A dedicated helium campaign has allowed key aspects of plasma control and H-mode operation for the ITER non-activated phase to be evaluated. Effective sawtooth control by fast ions has been demonstrated with3He minority ICRH, a scenario with negligible minority current drive. Edge localized mode (ELM) control studies using external n = 1 and n = 2 perturbation fields have found a resonance effect in ELM frequency for specific q95values. Complete ELM suppression has, however, not been observed, even with an edge Chirikov parameter larger than 1. Pellet ELM pacing has been demonstrated and the minimum pellet size needed to trigger an ELM has been estimated. For both natural and mitigated ELMs a broadening of the divertor ELM-wetted area with increasing ELM size has been found. In disruption studies with massive gas injection up to 50% of the thermal energy could be radiated before, and 20% during, the thermal quench. Halo currents could be reduced by 60% and, using argon/deuterium and neon/deuterium gas mixtures, runaway electron generation could be avoided. Most objectives of the ITER-like ICRH antenna have been demonstrated; matching with closely packed straps, ELM resilience, scattering matrix arc detection and operation at high power density (6.2 MW m-2) and antenna strap voltages (42 kV). Coupling measurements are in very good agreement with TOPICA modelling. © 2011 IAEA, Vienna.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Thomas, HS, et al.
(författare)
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- 2019
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Caplan, A, et al.
(författare)
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Author Accountability in Biomedical Research
- 2018
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Ingår i: Stem cells and development. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1557-8534 .- 1547-3287. ; 27:24, s. 1671-1673
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 22. |
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| 26. |
- Davies, LC, et al.
(författare)
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Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretion of Programmed Death-1 Ligands Regulates T Cell Mediated Immunosuppression
- 2017
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Ingår i: Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio). - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1549-4918 .- 1066-5099. ; 35:3, s. 766-776
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) exert broad immunosuppressive potential, modulating the activity of cells of innate and adaptive immune systems. As MSCs become accepted as a therapeutic option for the treatment of immunological disorders such as Graft versus Host Disease, our need to understand the intricate details by which they exert their effects is crucial. Programmed death-1 (PD-1) is an important regulator in T cell activation and homeostatic control. It has been reported that this pathway may be important in contact-dependent mediated immunomodulation by MSCs. The aim of this study was to establish whether MSCs, in addition to their cell-surface expression, are able to secrete PD-1 ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2) and their potential importance in modulating contact-independent mechanisms of MSC immunosuppression. Here we report that MSCs express and secrete PD-L1 and PD-L2 and that this is regulated by exposure to interferon γ and tumor necrosis factor α. MSCs, via their secretion of PD-1 ligands, suppress the activation of CD4+ T cells, downregulate interleukin-2 secretion and induce irreversible hyporesponsiveness and cell death. Suppressed T cells demonstrated a reduction in AKT phosphorylation at T308 and a subsequent increase in FOXO3 expression that could be reversed with blockade of PD-L1. In conclusion, we demonstrate for the first time, that MSCs are able to secrete PD-1 ligands, with this being the first known report of a biological role for PD-L2 in MSCs. These soluble factors play an important role in modulating immunosuppressive effects of MSCs directly on T cell behavior and induction of peripheral tolerance.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Gavin, C, et al.
(författare)
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Tissue immune profiles supporting response to mesenchymal stromal cell therapy in acute graft-versus-host disease-a gut feeling
- 2019
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Ingår i: Stem cell research & therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1757-6512. ; 10:1, s. 334-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD), post-allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, is associated with high mortality rates in patients not responding to standard line care with steroids. Adoptive mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy has been established in some countries as a second-line treatment.Limitations in our understanding as to MSC mode of action and what segregates patient responders from non-responders to MSC therapy remain. The principal aim of this study was to evaluate the immune cell profile in gut biopsies of patients diagnosed with aGvHD and establish differences in baseline cellular composition between responders and non-responders to subsequent MSC therapy.Our findings indicate that a pro-inflammatory immune profile within the gut at the point of MSC treatment may impede their therapeutic potential. These findings support the need for further validation in a larger cohort of patients and the development of improved biomarkers in predicting responsiveness to MSC therapy.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Kok, ZY, et al.
(författare)
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Dental Pulp Stem Cell Heterogeneity: Finding Superior Quality "Needles" in a Dental Pulpal "Haystack" for Regenerative Medicine-Based Applications
- 2022
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Ingår i: Stem cells international. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1687-966X .- 1687-9678. ; 2022, s. 9127074-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human dental pulp stem/stromal cells (hDPSCs) derived from the permanent secondary dentition are recognised to possess certain advantageous traits, which support their potential use as a viable source of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) for regenerative medicine-based applications. However, the well-established heterogeneous nature of hDPSC subpopulations, coupled with their limited numbers within dental pulp tissues, has impeded our understanding of hDPSC biology and the translation of sufficient quantities of these cells from laboratory research, through successful therapy development and clinical applications. This article reviews our current understanding of hDPSC biology and the evidence underpinning the molecular basis of their heterogeneity, which may be exploited to distinguish individual subpopulations with specific or superior characteristics for regenerative medicine applications. Pertinent unanswered questions which still remain, regarding the developmental origins, hierarchical organisation, and stem cell niche locations of hDPSC subpopulations and their roles in hDPSC heterogeneity and functions, will further be explored. Ultimately, a greater understanding of how key features, such as specific cell surface, senescence and other relevant genes, and protein and metabolic markers, delineate between hDPSC subpopulations with contrasting stemness, proliferative, multipotency, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and other relevant properties is required. Such knowledge advancements will undoubtedly lead to the development of novel screening, isolation, and purification strategies, permitting the routine and effective identification, enrichment, and expansion of more desirable hDPSC subpopulations for regenerative medicine-based applications. Furthermore, such innovative measures could lead to improved cell expansion, manufacture, and banking procedures, thereby supporting the translational development of hDPSC-based therapies in the future.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Le Blanc, K, et al.
(författare)
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MSCs-cells with many sides
- 2018
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Ingår i: Cytotherapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1477-2566 .- 1465-3249. ; 20:3, s. 273-278
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Richman, TR, et al.
(författare)
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Loss of the RNA-binding protein TACO1 causes late-onset mitochondrial dysfunction in mice
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 7, s. 11884-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recognition and translation of mammalian mitochondrial mRNAs are poorly understood. To gain further insights into these processes in vivo, we characterized mice with a missense mutation that causes loss of the translational activator of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (TACO1). We report that TACO1 is not required for embryonic survival, although the mutant mice have substantially reduced COXI protein, causing an isolated complex IV deficiency. We show that TACO1 specifically binds the mt-Co1 mRNA and is required for translation of COXI through its association with the mitochondrial ribosome. We determined the atomic structure of TACO1, revealing three domains in the shape of a hook with a tunnel between domains 1 and 3. Mutations in the positively charged domain 1 reduce RNA binding by TACO1. The Taco1 mutant mice develop a late-onset visual impairment, motor dysfunction and cardiac hypertrophy and thus provide a useful model for future treatment trials for mitochondrial disease.
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