| 1. |
- Davydenko, Arkadiy, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of Briquettes Used for Slag Foaming in the EAF during Stainless Steel Production
- 2014
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Ingår i: Steel Research International. - : Wiley. - 1611-3683 .- 1869-344X. ; 86:2, s. 137-145
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The modern sustainable stainless steel making industry is characterized by different factors such as an efficient utilization of energy in the Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) by a slag foaming practice and an utilization of waste products from its own production facilities. In this study, the foaming briquettes applied for a combined slag foaming and waste product reduction in the EAF are characterized. The recipes of the briquettes were made based on a literature review and previous experience. Afterwards, the composition and density of briquettes were estimated and compared to calculated data. Moreover, weight reduction experiments were made on a laboratory scale at temperatures up to 1500-°C in an argon atmosphere in order to characterize the products (metal, slag, and gas). Based on these results, the calculations were compared with experimental data. The following main results were found: (i) the density of briquettes can be successfully verified, (ii) briquettes have different mechanical properties depending on the materials used for production of briquettes, and (iii) the briquettes yield in different amounts of metal and gas. Moreover, it was found that light briquettes (without FeCr) produced almost double the amount of gas in comparison with heavy briquettes (containing FeCr); valuable metals can be recovered from briquettes, and recipes of briquettes can be optimized based on the amount of metal droplets in briquettes and the total utilization of carbon. This study is focused on a characterization of briquettes, which are used for slag foaming and waste product reduction in the Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) during the stainless steel production. The experimental data is compared with calculations according to the obtained results.
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| 2. |
- Davydenko, Arkadiy, et al.
(författare)
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Direct Reduction of Fe, Ni and Cr from Oxides of Waste Products Used in Briquettes for Slag Foaming in EAF
- 2019
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Ingår i: Materials. - : MDPI. - 1996-1944. ; 12:20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental aspects and the sustainable manufacturing of steels require producers to pay more and more attention to the efficient utilization of materials and waste products during steelmaking. This study is focused on the evaluation of possibilities for the recovery of metals (such as Fe, Ni and Cr) from waste products used for slag foaming in the Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) process. Two types of industrial briquettes were produced by mixing mill-scale from the hot rolling of stainless steels with anthracite and pet-coke, respectively. Thereafter, an assessment of the metal reduction processes in briquettes at high temperatures (1500 degrees C) was made by using laboratory thermo-gravimetric reduction experiments in an argon atmosphere. The amounts of metal, slag and gas obtained from the briquettes were estimated. In addition, the velocity and time for the removal of metal droplets from the liquid slag depending on the size of the metal droplets was estimated. It was found that up to 97% of metal droplets can be removed from the slag during the first 30 min. Moreover, results showed that most of the Cr, Ni and Fe (up to 93-100%) can be reduced from oxides of these metals in briquettes at 1500 degrees C. Moreover, the anthracite and pet-coke in the investigated briquettes have similar reduction capabilities. It was found that up to 330 kg of Fe, 28 kg of Ni and 66 kg of Cr per ton of added briquettes can be recovered from waste products by the industrial application of those briquettes for slag foaming in EAF.
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| 3. |
- Davydenko, Arkadiy, et al.
(författare)
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Investigation of Slag Foaming by Additions of Briquettes in the EAF during Stainless Steel Production
- 2015
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Ingår i: Steel Research International. - : Wiley. - 1611-3683 .- 1869-344X. ; 86:2, s. 146-153
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nowadays, an effective application of energy required for stainless steel production in the electric arc furnace (EAF) by a slag foaming practice and recycling of waste products play two of the most significant roles for a sustainable steel production. In this study, briquettes were used to obtain a combined slag foaming and waste product reduction in the EAF process. Briquettes with different densities produced partly from waste products were tested in an industrial scale to study slag foaming in the EAF process during stainless steel production. The slag foaming tendency was determined based on visual estimations of slag foaming, evaluations of the slag density before and after addition of different briquettes, and by calculating a foaming index. The influence of the main parameters of briquettes (composition, density) and the furnace slag (composition, basicity, and, etc.) on slag foaming was studied. It was found that both heavy and light briquettes can be used for slag foaming. The heavy briquettes, with FeCr, produce about half the amount of gas compared to the light briquettes, without FeCr. The main part of the gas, >80%, was generated during the first 2-3min, Moreover, the highest slag foaming rate was obtained for slags with a basicity in the range of 1.31-1.49.
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| 4. |
- Davydenko, Arkadiy
(författare)
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Some aspects of recycling of rest products and slag foaming in the EAF during stainless steel production
- 2014
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- An efficient stainless steel making industry is defined by different factors such as an efficient utilisation of energy in the Electric Arc Furnace (EAF). This requires a good by slag foaming practice and an utilisation of waste products from own production facilities. In the following study, briquettes applied for a combined slag foaming and waste product recycling in the EAF were investigated in both laboratory and industrial scales. More specifically, briquettes were characterised and used for slag foaming in the EAF. The recipes of the briquettes were made based on a literature review and previous experience. Afterwards, the composition and density of briquettes were defined and compared to calculated data. Moreover, weight reduction experiments were made on a laboratory scale at temperatures up to 1500°C in an argon atmosphere in order to characterise the products (metal, slag and gas) produced by briquettes. The calculations were also compared to experimental data. Thereafter, briquettes with different densities and pet-coke addition were tested on an industrial scale to study slag foaming in the EAF process during a stainless steel production. The slag foaming tendencies were determined based on visual estimations of slag foaming, determinations of the slag density before and after additions of different briquettes, and by calculating a foaming index. Moreover, the influence of the main parameters of the briquettes (composition, density) and the furnace slag (composition, basicity and etc.) on slag foaming was studied. Investigation of briquettes made on laboratory and industrial scales provided the following main results: the density of briquettes can successfully be verified, briquettes have different mechanical properties depending on the materials used for production of briquettes, briquettes yield different amounts of metal and gas. Moreover, it was found that the heavy briquettes (containing FeCr) produce about half the amount of gas compared to the light briquettes (without FeCr). The main part of the gas was generated during the first 2-3 min. Also, the valuable metals can be recovered from briquettes; recipes of briquettes can be optimized based on the amount of metal droplets in briquettes and the total utilisation of carbon. In addition, it was found that both heavy and light briquettes can be used for slag foaming. The highest slag foaming rate was obtained for slags with a basicity in the range of 1.31-1.49.
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