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- Beyramijam, M, et al.
(författare)
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Work-Family Conflict among Iranian Emergency Medical Technicians and Its Relationship with Time Management Skills: A Descriptive Study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Emergency medicine international. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-2840 .- 2090-2859. ; 2020, s. 7452697-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Work-Family Conflict (WFC) is a form of interrole conflict in which an active participation in occupational activities causes strain and interferes with family roles of workers and vice versa. It is a major source of occupational stress among workers and personnel. Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) are an important part of the healthcare system that respond to emergencies. The EMTs experience high level of job stress, which may affect their ability to perform their family roles, and, on the other hand, actively performing their family responsibilities may interfere with the effective delivery of the already stressful activities at workplace. Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of WFC among Emergency Medical Technicians in Iran and its relationship with time management skills. Methods. This was a descriptive study. In this study, 271 EMTs from the western part of Iran completed the questionnaire for the assessment of WFC. The Carlson Family-Conflict Questionnaire and the “Time Management Behaviors Scale” developed by Macan were used as evaluation instruments. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16. Appropriate statistical analysis such as mean and standard deviation, Pearson correlation, and Spearman rank correlation was applied for analyzing the data in SPSS. Results. The majority of the participants reported some degrees of WFC. Statistical analysis showed a significant inverse correlation between total WFC score and total “Time Management Behaviors scale” score (r = −0/381، p<0/0001). In the present study, there was no significant correlation between total WFC score and demographic factors such as educational level, age, sex, marital status, number of family members, need for family member care, and work experience (p>0.05). Conclusions. The findings of this study indicate that time management behaviors and skills can reduce WFC among Emergency Medical Technicians. Therefore, it is recommended that prehospital emergency authorities and policymakers plan and implement measures such as reducing the duration of shift-work schedules, decreasing shift-change restrictions, and organizing regular time management courses. Also, employment of local inhabitants is preferred to geographically distant individuals with similar qualification as this will reduce the distance between home and workplace.
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- Cederbladh, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Towards Automating Model-Based Systems Engineering in Industry : An Experience Report
- 2024
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Ingår i: SysCon 2024 - 18th Annual IEEE International Systems Conference, Proceedings. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9798350358803
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Designing modern Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) is posing new challenges to both industrial practitioners and academics. In this context, adopting cutting-edge paradigms, such as Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE), DevOps, and Artificial Intelligence (AI), can offer new opportunities for improving CPS design automation. While such paradigms are already jointly used in the research community to support system design activities, there is a need to fill the gap between academia and industrial practitioners. Indeed, system specification is still mainly performed manually in many industrial projects. In this paper, we present a collaboration between industrial and academic partners of the AIDOaRt European project towards a model-based approach for CPS engineering applied in one of the project use cases. We identify key challenges and corresponding solutions to enhance the automation of CPS design processes. Notably, we consider a combination of prescriptive modeling, model transformations, model views, modeling process mining, and AI-based modeling recommendations. As an initial evaluation, the proposed approach is applied to a practical industrial case study.
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- Dehghani, F., et al.
(författare)
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Inhibition of microglial and astrocytic inflammatory responses by the immunosuppressant mycophenolate mofetil
- 2010
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Ingår i: Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology. - : Wiley. - 0305-1846 .- 1365-2990. ; 36:7, s. 598-611
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Nucleotide depletion induced by the immunosuppressant mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects. It remains unclear whether nucleotide depletion directly counteracts neuronal demise or whether it inhibits microglial or astrocytic activation, thereby resulting in indirect neuroprotection. Methods: Effects of MMF on isolated microglial cells, astrocyte/microglial cell co-cultures and isolated hippocampal neurones were analysed by immunocytochemistry, quantitative morphometry, and elisa. Results: We found that: (i) MMF suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced microglial secretion of interleukin-1 beta, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and nitric oxide; (ii) MMF suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced astrocytic production of tumour necrosis factor-alpha but not of nitric oxide; (iii) MMF strongly inhibited proliferation of both microglial cells and astrocytes; (iv) MMF did not protect isolated hippocampal neurones from excitotoxic injury; and (v) effects of MMF on glial cells were reversed after treatment with guanosine. Conclusions: Nucleotide depletion induced by MMF inhibits microglial and astrocytic activation. Microglial and astrocytic proliferation is suppressed by MMF-induced inhibition of the salvage pathway enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase. The previously observed neuroprotection after MMF treatment seems to be indirectly mediated, making this compound an interesting immunosuppressant in the treatment of acute central nervous system lesions.
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- Dehghani, H., et al.
(författare)
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The role of microscale solid matrix compressibility on the mechanical behaviour of poroelastic materials
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Mechanics, A/Solids. - : Elsevier BV. - 0997-7538. ; 83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the macroscale three-dimensional numerical solution of anisotropic Biot's poroelasticity, with coefficients derived from a micromechanical analysis as prescribed by the asymptotic homogenisation technique. The system of partial differential equations (PDEs) is discretised by finite elements, exploiting a formal analogy with the fully coupled thermal displacement systems of PDEs implemented in the commercial software Abaqus. The robustness of our computational framework is confirmed by comparison with the well-known analytical solution of the one-dimensional Therzaghi's consolidation problem. We then perform three-dimensional numerical simulations of the model in a sphere (representing a biological tissue) by applying a given constant pressure in the cavity. We investigate how the macroscale radial displacements (as well as pressures) profiles are affected by the microscale solid matrix compressibility (MSMC). Our results suggest that the role of the MSMC on the macroscale displacements becomes more and more prominent by increasing the length of the time interval during which the constant pressure is applied. As such, we suggest that parameter estimation based on techniques such as poroelastography (which are commonly used in the context of biological tissues, such as the brain, as well as solid tumours) should allow for a sufficiently long time in order to give a more accurate estimation of the mechanical properties of tissues.
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- Javanmardi, H., et al.
(författare)
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BMI-Based Load Frequency Control in Microgrids Under False Data Injection Attacks
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Systems Journal. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1932-8184 .- 1937-9234. ; , s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, the power fluctuation problem caused by adding renewable energy sources to microgrids (MGs) is addressed. These power fluctuations which can cause several adverse effects, including system instability, load shedding, and eventually blackouts are attenuated by designing a load frequency controller (LFC) to provide a constant and uniform frequency in different operation cases of MGs. This article designs a dynamic output feedback controller (DOFC) for LFC in MGs while considering the contraction observer for attack mitigation. We suggest a new formulation of the sufficient conditions for the DOFC design problem in the form of bilinear matrix inequalities (BMIs) and try to minimize the frequency deviation subject to load, solar, and wind energy changes. The proposed formulation effectively changes the problem to a new BMI model which can easily be divided into two problems, one is a convex optimization problem and the remained part is a quadratic matrix inequality problem which is linearized around the feasible solution of the linear matrix inequality part by a Taylor-like expansion. This leads to a more exact and less conservative solution as compared to the previous methods suggested in the literature. To illustrate the merits of the developed approach, numerical simulations on a sample ac–MG are carried out. Comparing norms of the frequency variations in the closed-loop system with multiple prominent methods in previous works, including ${{\bm{H}}_\infty },{\bm{\ \mu }}$, fuzzy type-1, and intelligent-PI, shows that our proposed method reduces the two and infinity norms of frequency fluctuations by 84% and 80%, respectively compared to the traditional ${{\bm{H}}_\infty }$ method which is the best among the analyzed approaches. This further verifies the efficacy of the designed DOFC in our article.
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- Naghavi, H., et al.
(författare)
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The effects of froth depth and impeller speed on gas dispersion properties and metallurgical performance of an industrial self-aerated flotation machine
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. - : Academy of Science of South Africa. - 2225-6253 .- 2411-9717. ; 119:7, s. 661-669
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In self-aerated flotation machines, the gas rate depends on operational variables (e.g. froth depth and impeller speed), pulp properties (e.g. solid content and viscosity), and reagent addition (e.g. type and concentration of frother). The gas rate has a strong correlation with the flotation performance by influencing the gas dispersion properties and froth retention time. A factorial experimental design was used to study how the gas dispersion properties, the froth retention time, and the flotation performance respond to changes in froth depth and impeller speed (as the most common operational variables). An in-depth understanding of the effects of impeller speed and froth depth on the gas dispersion properties, especially the bubble surface area flux and froth retention time, is necessary to improve operating strategies for self-aerated flotation machines. All experiments were carried out in a 50 m(3) self-aerated flotation cell in an iron ore processing plant. The results showed that the froth depth affected the metallurgical performance mostly via changing the froth retention time. The impeller speed had two important impacts on the metallurgical performance via varying both the froth retention time and the bubble surface area flux in the froth and pulp zones, respectively. The interaction effects of the froth depth and impeller speed were also established. This allowed us to develop a strategy for operating self-aerated flotation machines based on varying the froth depth and impeller speed with regard to the cell duty.
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