| 1. |
- Andersson, Anna, 1974-
(författare)
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A framework supporting the collaboration between the logistics- and the product development process
- 2007
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the competitive environment of today’s global markets, the demands of customers are increasing. They expect to get the best product at the lowest price with immediate availability. Logistics, including transportation, inventory maintenance, order processing, purchasing, warehousing, materials handling, packaging, customer service standards, and product scheduling must continuously be developed to meet the challenges of the market. The globalization, with longer distances to customers and suppliers, and the progressing trend of outsourcing are examples of why the importance of logistics has increased over the last few years.A considerable part of the final product cost is frozen during the early product development phases. In the early phases of the product development process, the cost of making design changes is low compared to making changes later in the product development process. The product development decisions made in the early phases of the product development process have considerable impact on future manufacturing and logistics activities as well.The objective of this research project is to develop a framework supporting the collaboration between the logistics- and the product development process. To do this, it has been essential to analyze which parameters influence the efficiency of the logistics process and the interface between the logistics- and the product development process. Also, to investigate how the logistics department can be integrated earlier in the product development process has been of interest. This has been done through both a theoretical review and also through a number of case studies.The result and conclusion of this project is a framework that gives support for what to focus on, how to collaborate, in which phases collaboration is meaningful, and which persons need to be involved in the different product development phases. Working as the framework suggests will, hopefully, give closer collaboration between the logistics- and the product development process than without this supportive framework. The expectation of the collaboration is an earlier integration of the logistics department in the product development process and through this influence and increase the efficiency of the logistics process.
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| 2. |
- Bengtsson, Marcus, 1977-
(författare)
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On Condition Based Maintenance and its Implementation in Industrial Settings
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In order to stay competitive, it is necessary for companies to continuously increase the effectiveness and efficiency of their production processes. High availability has, thus, increased in importance. Therefore, maintenance has gained in importance as a support function for ensuring, e.g., quality products and on-time deliveries. Maintenance, though, is a costly support function. It has been reported that as much as 70% of the total production cost can be spent on maintenance. Further, as much as one-third of the cost of maintenance is incurred unnecessarily due to bad planning, overtime cost, limited or misused preventive maintenance, and so on. In so, condition based maintenance is introduced as one solution for a more effective maintenance.In condition based maintenance, critical item characteristics are monitored in order to gain early indications of an incipient failure. Research, though, has shown that condition based maintenance has not been implemented on a wide basis. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate how a condition based maintenance approach can be implemented in an industrial setting, and to develop a method that can assist companies in their implementation efforts. Further, the research has been divided in three research questions. They focus on: constituents of a condition based maintenance approach, decision-making prior implementation of condition based maintenance, and finally, the implementation of condition based maintenance in a company.By using a systems approach and a case study process, how condition based maintenance can be implemented as a routine has been investigated. The result is an implementation method in which four suggested phases are presented. The method starts with a feasibility test. It then continues with an analysis phase, an implementation phase, and an assessment phase. The conclusions can be summarized as follows: implementing condition based maintenance consists of many general enabling factors, including management support, education and training, good communication, and motivation etc.
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| 3. |
- Leberruyer, Nicolas
(författare)
-
Facilitating the Adoption of AI-driven Zero Defect Manufacturing in Production Systems
- 2024
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The increasing focus on sustainability is pushing companies to update their production systems. These systems need to facilitate the production of products with the latest sustainable technologies and innovations, while also producing these new products with lower environmental impact. To maintain high customer satisfaction, these systems must consistently deliver high-quality products. However, current quality management approaches, focused on minimal variations, might hinder this shift.Zero Defect Manufacturing (ZDM), an emerging quality approach, leverages Artificial Intelligence (AI) to monitor products and processes in real-time, allowing for early defect detection and prevention. Many production systems generate vast amounts of data which is often not used to its full potential. Research shows that AI has the potential to unlock the hidden insights within this data, leading to transformative improvements in quality and overall efficiency. However, successfully adopting AI-driven ZDM requires expertise in AI and production while also overcoming technological and organizational challenges.The purpose of this licentiate thesis is to investigate the adoption of AI-driven ZDM in production systems, examining its impacts, challenges, and facilitators during the development process. The research involved collaboration with a company producing transmission components for the heavy-duty automotive industry. A two-year case study was conducted, enabling the in-depth exploration of data throughout the development of four real-world AI-driven ZDM applications in a production system. This approach provided valuable insights into the practicalities of adopting AI to ensure ZDM.The findings show that successful implementation requires specific prerequisites: lean manufacturing practices lay the groundwork for AI integration, a high-impact quality issue motivates investment and data collection, collaboration among diverse experts is crucial, and robust IT capabilities ensure smooth data storage and analysis. Furthermore, anomaly-detection AI models and the generation of "plausible defects" are key enablers for overcoming data limitations in complex defect detection. The study emphasizes the importance of early engagement to identify data needs, define extraction methods, and address potential implementation limitations. In addition, it recommends an iterative approach to continuously improving the solution and incorporating feedback throughout the process. This comprehensive approach can pave the way for a future of sustainable manufacturing, leading to significant cost savings and increased customer satisfaction.
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| 4. |
- Olsson, Rolf, 1969-
(författare)
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MANAGING PROJECT UNCERTAINTY BY USING AN ENHANCED RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- An increasing number of companies are focusing their efforts on project management. Project management is frequently used as an enabler for meeting an uncertain and turbulent environment. Consequently, the overall effectiveness of the project management process is essential for long-term profitability. The aim and final effects of project management are to predict the outcome, i.e. cost, time and quality. However, uncertainty is inherent in the objectives of the project itself, as we use assumptions and expectations in defining and realizing the outcome of the project. A project’s ability to identify and react to uncertainty will influence the outcome of the project. Presently, risk management processes exist in several forms and are often used to manage uncertainty. However, it is frequently argued in academia as well as for the practitioner that risk management does not live up to expected results. The overall objective of this research is to improve the process for managing risks and opportunities within a project organization. The research starts from the single project view, followed by the strategic link to business strategy by including the project portfolio management perspective. Finally, the research focuses on opportunities and the ability of a project to realize them. Thus, the research questions addressed concern how risk is conceived in a theoretical global context and how this would assist in developing a methodology for risk management in an international project organization. They also involve how risk management within a project portfolio could be conducted and its effectiveness measured. Finally, the research questions also address how the management of opportunities could be improved. This research includes the development of four methodologies, based on industrial need. A holistic approach with a systems perspective has been used in order to handle the complexity of the research task. Both empirical and theoretical material has been used for developing the proposed methodologies. The developed methodologies for project risk management and the measures of its effectiveness have been tested and improved over a five-year period within the complete case company. Subsequently, two of them were implemented. The developed methodologies show that the risk management process in a single project does not foster learning and is not directly applicable within a portfolio of projects. Furthermore, the risk management process is not able to address all types of uncertainty. The project manager is a major factor in an effective management of uncertainty. When identifying and managing opportunity, having the ability to create a holistic view, to oversee both customer expectations, and to communicate project related information are important factors. Furthermore, the implementation also showed that it is actually possible, through the consistent use of a risk management process, to develop a cultural behavior within an organization that is much more preventive and proactive than before.
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| 5. |
- Salonen, Antti
(författare)
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Formulation of Maintenance Strategies
- 2009
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In industry, there is a constant demand for increased productivity in order to stay competitive. Still, Swedish industry has an average utilization of about 60% in its production systems. One important factor for increasing the equipment utilization is effective maintenance of production assets. Within process industry a strategic view on maintenance activities is common and most companies regard maintenance as a profit centre. Meanwhile, the discrete units manufacturing industry still in many cases view maintenance as a cost driver. However, with the spread of Toyota-inspired production concepts, the manufacturing industry is beginning to view maintenance as a strategic asset. Still, though, many companies have no formulated maintenance strategy. The main purpose of the research, presented in this thesis, has been to develop a work-process for formulation of effective maintenance strategies for enterprises in the manufacturing industry. Through one descriptive and two prescriptive case studies a work-process for formulation of maintenance strategies has been developed. The descriptive study revealed some of the differences between companies with and without maintenance strategies. It also showed how some companies view the strategic contributions of maintenance. The first prescriptive study showed how stakeholder involvement may contribute to the identification of relevant performance measures for the maintenance activities. Stakeholder involvement also contributes to the organizational acceptance of the maintenance strategy. Last, the second prescriptive case study led to the development of a work-process for formulation of maintenance strategies. The work-process was tested and verified in three companies, handling different challenges for their maintenance activities. All three companies intend to use the formulated maintenance strategy as a road map for the development of their production maintenance.
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| 6. |
- Sannö, Anna, 1978-
(författare)
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Model for change in production systems triggered by environmental requirements : considerations, drivers, key factors
- 2015
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Industry is a key player in the transition to a sustainable society where manufacturing companies need to respond to the challenges of environmental concerns in several ways. Still, even if several efforts have been made in practise and academia, more research within operations management is addressed in relation to implementing sustainable solutions. The management of change in production systems, such as energy efficiency, will be one of the important future areas for the industry.In accordance, the objective of the licentiate thesis is, by theoretical and empirical work, focused on developing a model to support the implementation of environmental requirements. Literature reviews as well as two empirical case studies have been conducted in order to explore the environmentally driven change. The first case study conducted is an retrospective multiple case study, including four cases studying the implications of implementation of technology and identifying key factors effecting the outcome of the change. The second case study is an international multiple study, including nine case companies. The study explores what needs to be considered, the drivers for initiating change as well as the key factors effecting the outcome of the change process. The studies conducted and the results are presented in five appended papers.The research identifies three important links for managing environmentally driven change: how the requirements are introduced, how and if the link between strategic and operational level has been considered and how the need for change is transferred to action and implementation. By providing a system approach for managing change, it also points out the importance of understanding the organisational abilities and maturity of the companies that influence the projects. The result points out sets of drivers as well as key factors, related to the organisational abilities, that are effecting the outcome.As future research the model, that is developed to support operations management in their work to implement environmentally driven change, needs to be validated in practise. In particular research on the personal commitment and the collaboration is addressed to be studied in relation to a systematic approach as well as how to balance the priorities during the implementation.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Schedin, Joel, et al.
(författare)
-
Management of newness in an assembly system
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Machine Engineering. - : Wydawnictwo Wrocławskiej Rady FSNT NOT. - 1895-7595. ; 16:1, s. 92-108
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The need for new products to suit differentiated customer needs and shorter product life-cycles, forces manufacturers to change or modify products and production systems at more frequent intervals. The objective of this paper is to discuss management of newness within assembly system design in the vehicle industry. Based on a case study covering four assembly development projects, a model using the quality concept of “7M” is presented to evaluate the level of newness. The results show that the model provides a promising platform for evaluation of newness.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Stålberg, Lina
(författare)
-
A supportive framework for successful implementation of improvement work
- 2014
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Lean Production is one of the most generally accepted concepts for increasing operational effectiveness. However, its implementation is still challenging for many companies as it implies not only changes of technical systems and management systems but also changes in attitudes and culture. Generalizable implementation steps have still not yet emerged and there are many ways to implement Lean Production. A Lean Production implementation is a never ending process since it is always possible to become leaner. Thus, the implementation of Lean Production is a long-term commitment for a company in order to reach success.There is a need for research on how to develop and integrate improvement work in order to establish a successful implementation of Lean Production. Accordingly, the overall purpose of the research presented in this thesis is to contribute to an increased understanding of how to successfully implement Lean Production. Moreover, the objective is to develop a supportive framework for a successful Lean Production implementation and to describe this in a general process for the implementation of improvement work.Through literature reviews and three research studies, a supportive framework for the successful implementation of improvement work has been developed. The first study is an explanatory literature and interview study to build a concept model of improvement work. The second study is an exploratory embedded single case study that was conducted to validate the model. Finally, the third study is an exploratory multiple holistic case study that investigated enablers for continuous improvement after a radical implementation of Lean Production.The resulting supportive framework consists of important actions to consider during the different stages of a process for the implementation of improvement work. In the first stage after a radical implementation phase, actions important to sustain change and enable continuous improvement include for example a focus on good leadership on shop floor and efforts in the area of control and follow-up of results in production teams.To develop continuous improvement several actions are defined, like the importance of understanding the context of improvement work including important relations to operations and to develop the production strategy with objectives to align the improvement work.To reach long term success it is important to integrate continuous improvement into operations and important actions for this stage are for example to update the Operational Management System on the company-specific-production-system framework’s processes continuously, which includes visualisation of the overall improvement work process.
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| 11. |
- Stålberg, Lina
(författare)
-
Adapting to dynamic conditions through continuous innovation in manufacturing
- 2018
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The speed of change increases due to the pace of technological change and globalisation, and many industries that usually have acted in more stable settings will in the future act in more dynamic marketplaces. In order to be able to manage dynamic conditions, the organisation needs to continue delivering effectively in existing business areas while developing new systems, products and processes to take advantage of new opportunities in the future. This means that the organisation must be able to use abilities for exploitation and exploration simultaneously or, in other words, strive for continuous innovation including ambidexterity.In the traditional manufacturing industry, many companies use some sort of improvement programme for achieving operational excellence. Hence, a trend among multinational manufacturing companies is also to deploy and integrate corporate improvement programmes (XPS). These are based on lean production and inspired by the Toyota Production System. Generally, improvement programmes such as XPS largely support the development of exploitation capabilities but not exploration capabilities, which instead may have to stand back. Previous research states that these are problematic and complex issues that need to be further understood and developed. Therefore, more knowledge and support needs to be developed regarding how manufacturing companies can adapt their production systems to remain resource-efficient while simultaneously adapting to more radical changes.The overall purpose of this research project is to contribute to an increased understanding of how XPS integrations can be developed towards continuous innovation to be able to manage more dynamic conditions. Accordingly, the research objective is to develop recommendations supporting continuous innovation in manufacturing. An overall longitudinal study has been carried out containing five case studies at a manufacturing company integrating an XPS during dynamic conditions, i.e., with large variations in volumes and mixes of products together with the introduction of new products and production concepts. The studies conducted and the results are presented in five appended papers.The research shows there is a risk that the XPS concept is abandoned due to a lack of understanding of how the XPS contributes to solve the turbulent situation that appears under dynamic conditions. At the same time, it is important to develop and support exploration skills in parallel, as these abilities are not particularly well developed in this context. Furthermore, the research shows that a strategy formulation process striving for high involvement can be used as a means of creating ambidextrous capabilities.
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| 12. |
- Bengtsson, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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Integrating Quality and Maintenance Development : Opportunities and Implications
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 23rd International Congress on Condition Monitoring and Diagnostic Engineering Management (COMADEM 2010): Advances in Maintenance and Condition Diagnosis Technologies towards Sustainable Society. - 9784883254194 ; , s. 821-828
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today, the drive in many organizations is to focus on reducing production costs while increasing customer satisfaction. One key to succeed with these goals is to develop and improve both quality and maintenance in production as well as quality and maintenance in early phases of the development processes. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how and motivate why research within quality and maintenance development may interact, in order to help companies meet customer demand while at the same time increase productivity. The paper is based on ideas and research perspectives of the newly formed competence group on ‘Quality- and Maintenance Development’ at the School of Innovation, Design and Engineering at the Malardalen University, Sweden. This paper elaborates on the concepts of Quality and Maintenance, its important integration, and provides some examples of ongoing research projects within the competence group.
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| 13. |
- Deleryd, Mats
(författare)
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A pragmatic view on process capability studies
- 1999
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Ingår i: International Journal of Production Economics. - 0925-5273 .- 1873-7579. ; 58:3, s. 319-330
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years an increasing number of organisations use process capability studies on a regular basis. Contemporaneous with the increasing number of organisations using process capability studies, warnings have been launched that imprudent use of numerical measures of capability, the so-called process capability indices, might lead the user to make erroneous decisions. As a result, many practitioners of today are left with a somewhat ambivalent attitude towards process capability studies. In order to reduce these ambiguities, this paper outlines the advantages and disadvantages of the method. The results presented are based on a survey performed among 97 Swedish organisations that use process capability studies on a regular basis
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| 14. |
- Deleryd, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Control charts and capability studies revisited : a model for better decision-making
- 1999
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Ingår i: Productivity & quality management frontiers, VIII. - : MCB University Press. - 0861766490
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two fundamental aspects of decision-making concern stability and capability: is the process stable and predictable and does it meet the requirements? These aspects are often studied by use of control charts and of capability studies. The former comprises techniques based on plotting the longitudinal outcome of some process measure and estimation of what could be called the “natural variation” for the process. Capability studies are based on comparisons between the variation and tolerance limits.If these aspects are addressed explicitly at all, then they often seem to be dealt with incompletely or even inappropriately. Control charts are often described as techniques for determining when the process should be adjusted. This is evidently one possible use for control charts, but it is far too restricted. We claim that control charts have their most important use as tools for discerning what kinds of actions which might be appropriate in improvement efforts, hence an instrument to be used in fairly high level decision making. As for capability studies, these are often made without considerations to the process stability. This can result in making the final capability indices more or less useless.The intention in this paper is to advocate an alternative and more general perspective on these two aspects. The basic argument is that the tools should first of all be used on the level of manager's decision-making. A simple model for the use of the tools is proposed. The model could hopefully provide support to decision-making as it results in better facts.
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| 15. |
- Deleryd, Mats
(författare)
-
Enhancing the industrial use of process capability studies
- 1998
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim of this thesis is focused on how the industrial use of process capability studies can be improved. This aim is achieved by using two different approaches. As a first approach the gap between the theoretical frontier and practitioners use of process capability studies is identified, quantified, and explained. This is accomplished by using a series of questionnaire surveys within Swedish industry. Based on some retrospective case studies among nine Swedish organisations, a model how to implement process capability studies successfully, has been developed. A strategy to master variation by using several improvement methods together is presented using process capability studies as a framework within this strategy. The first four appended papers present the results of the first approach. As a second approach, the theoretical frontier of process capability studies has been developed to cover practical situations while also enhancing the possibilities of making proper decisions. Within the second approach a method how to use process capability studies when production runs are short has been developed and studied. Furthermore, the effect of skewness on estimates of process capability indices, which are numerical measures of process capability, has been studied. FFinally, since practitioners often seem to use process capability indices in inappropriate ways, a graphic approach for assessing, monitoring and improving the capability of processes has been put forward. The concept of process capability plots is introduced and two process capability plots are studied from both a theoretical and practical point of view in order to find out when each plot is most useful. The last three appended papers, which mainly are based on simulation studies, present the results of the second approach.
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| 16. |
- Deleryd, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
Experiences of implementing statistical methods in small enterprises
- 1999
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Ingår i: TQM Magazine. - : Emerald. - 0954-478X .- 1758-6887. ; 11:5, s. 341-350
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to stay competitive most small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) need to make decisions and improve their processes in a more efficient way. To manufacturing companies this is crucial not the least within the design and production phases. This means that a deeper understanding of the concept of variation, identification of causes of variation, and handling of these causes are important factors within SMEs. This paper presents two studies of implementation of statistical methods. One is related to the use of process capability studies in Swedish industry. The other one is related to the use of design of experiments at two small enterprises within the high performance ceramic industry. From both the studies we find recommendations how to implement statistical technics in SMEs in order to increase the possibilities of success. (25 refs.)
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| 17. |
- Deleryd, Mats
(författare)
-
On the gap between theory and practice of process capability studies
- 1998
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Ingår i: International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management. - : Emerald. - 0265-671X .- 1758-6682. ; 15:2, s. 178-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Historically, a theoretical framework has been established to judge whether a process is capable or not. These studies, called process capability studies, have received both positive and negative comments. Both researchers and practitioners have indicated that the concept of process capability studies is often misused in practice. This article aims to identify and quantify this misuse, and when it is severe, try to provide some explanations of its origin. The survey presented is primarily based on questionnaires and carried out among 97 Swedish organisations where process capability studies are used regularly. It shows that there is often a gap between theory and practice concerning process capability studies. The article also provides some possible answers to why the gap exists. It has been found that the gap between theory and practice can be explained by management issues, practical problems, conservative personal attitudes and methodological aspects. Based on the results, some suggestions for successfully implementing and using process capability studies are presented.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Deleryd, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
Process capability plots—a quality improvement tool
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Quality and Reliability Engineering International. - 0748-8017 .- 1099-1638. ; 15:3, s. 213-227
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We introduce the concept of process capability plots, which are powerful tools to monitor and improve the capability of industrial processes. An advantage of using a process capability plot, compared with using a traditional process capability index alone, when deciding whether a process can be considered capable or not, is that we will instantly get information about the location and spread of the studied characteristic. When the process is non-capable, the plots are helpful when trying to understand if it is the variability, the deviation from target or both that need to be reduced to improve the capability. In this way the proposed graphical methods give a clear direction of quality improvement. We evaluate two different process capability plots, the (δ*, γ*)-plot and the confidence rectangle plot, from a theoretical as well as a practical point of view. When studying them from a theoretical point of view, among other things, a simulation study is conducted to investigate the ability of each of the two methods to identify that a process is capable when it actually is. The comparison from a practical point of view is made by discussing the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods in different practical situations. Based on the above-mentioned comparisons, the recommendation is that the practitioner should use the (δ*, γ*)-plot.
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| 20. |
- Deleryd, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
Process capability studies for short production runs
- 1998
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Ingår i: International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering (IJRQSE). - 0218-5393. ; 5:4, s. 383-401
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current trend in modern production is directed towards shorter and shorter production runs. The two major reasons causing this trend are the rapid spread of the just in time (JIT) philosophy and the constantly increasing multiplicity of customer demands. The short runs of modern production not only constitute a challenge for production management, but they also cause some problems when applying traditional statistical methods, designed to be used for large sets of data. One of these methods is process capability studies. Since theories on how to use process capability studies in short production environments are incomplete, the aim of this paper is to present some ideas which will partly fill this gap. The theories of process capability studies for short runs presented are based on ideas of focusing on the process, not on the products, and on using data transformation. By using the transformation presented, it is possible to conduct process capability studies in a traditional straightforward manner. A simulation study shows that the suggested transformation technique works satisfactorily in real situations. Finally, the ....-plot is introduced as a method of interpreting and analyzing the capability of a short run production process. By using the .... -plot, additional information is obtained concerning the capability of a process, compared to using traditional process capability indices only.
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| 21. |
- Deleryd, Mats
(författare)
-
Process capability studies in theory and practice
- 1996
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The existence of variation has been a major problem within industry since the early days of the industrial revolution and perhaps even earlier. The fact that two parts not ever will be identical, forces every organisation to find a strategy for how to master variation. Process capability studies, a method designed to judge whether a process is capable or not, often plays an important part in such a strategy.The concept of process capability studies has received both positive and negative criticism during the last decade. For instance, the supporters of process capability studies emphasise the importance of using the method to identify improvement priorities to be focused in the overall improvement process within an organisation.However, as all methods, process capability studies has its limitations. Actually, it is not principally the method as such that has been criticised, but rather the measures of capability used when conducting process capability studies, the so called process capability indices. All existing process capability indices have some weaknesses, even the most sophisticated indices have relatively poor statistical properties which might lead the user to make incorrect decisions, even if most theoretical aspects of how to conduct process capability studies are known by the user. The use of process capability indices is for instance partly based on the assumption that the process output is normally distributed, a condition that is often not fulfilled in practice, where it is common that the process output is more or less skewed.This thesis focuses on process capability studies in both theory and practice. In part 1 of the thesis some theoretical aspects of how to conduct process capability studies are identified and then the adherence to these aspects within Swedish industry is investigated. This study reveals that there are certain gaps between how process capability studies are supposed to be conducted according to theory and the way they actually are carried out in practice. The study also tries to explain why these gaps exist, by analysing common obstacles when implementing and conducting process capability studies.In part 2, a simulation study focusing on the effects of skewness on estimates of some process capability indices belonging to the family of indices named Cis presented. The effects of skewness are studied in three different cases, one incapable case, one case just capable and one very capable case. In all cases, four lognormal distributions with different skewness are used. The results from the simulation study indicate that the effect of skewness is relatively systematic, and therefore there are some hope that future investigations might use these results when formulating some practical solution to the problem of how to use process capability indices when the process monitored has a skewly distributed output.Finally, the results are summarised and discussed and some suggestions for future research are given.
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| 22. |
- Deleryd, Mats
(författare)
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Strategy for mastering variation
- 1997
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Ingår i: ASQC's 51st Annual Quality Congress proceedings. - : ASOQ. ; , s. 760-768
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The existence of variation has been a major problem within industry since the early days of the industrial revolution. The fact that two parts will never be identical, forces every organisation to find a strategy for how to master variation in order to be able to put their products together. Process capability studies, a method designed to judge whether a process is capable or not, often plays an important part in such a strategy. Recent research shows that process capability studies are often used incorrectly and without any connection to other improvement methods. Therefore, this paper presents a new strategy for how to master variation which is based on the use of process capability studies and where clear connections to other improvement methods are described. By using these improvement methods together in a suitable way the chances of mastering variation and achieving capable processes will be increased considerably compared to what would have been accomplished when using them separately.
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| 23. |
- Deleryd, Mats
(författare)
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The effect of skewness on estimates of some process capability indices
- 1999
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Ingår i: International Journal of Applied Quality Management. - 1096-4738 .- 1879-002X. ; 2:2, s. 153-186
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of process capability indices, which are statistical measures of process capability, is based on several assumptions. For instance, the process monitored is supposed to be stable and the process output should be approximately normally distributed. These assumptions are not always fulfilled in practice. This article focuses on the problem when the process monitored has an output which is non-normally distributed. After presenting a short literature review on research concerning process capability indices and non-normal distributions, the effect of skewness on estimates of process capability indices is studied using a simulation study based on lognormally distributed process outputs. It is found that the effect of skewness is relatively systematic. From the study it is clear that the effect of skewness on estimates of process capability indices is so severe that it has to be considered when studying the capability of a process. Otherwise, erroneous decisions might be made when improving the process studied. It is suggested that further research, for instance, focusing on correction-factors to use when the process output has different skew shapes might be meaningful. However, research focusing on totally new ways of estimating process capability is primarily encouraged.
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| 24. |
- Deleryd, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
Towards societal satisfaction in a fifth generation of quality - the sustainability model
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Total Quality Management and Business Excellence. - : ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 1478-3363 .- 1478-3371.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The quality concept has developed over many generations. The purpose of this article is to review and describe how the quality movement developed through four sequential generations and how a fifth generation is upcoming. Building on the different generations of quality, the fifth generation reveals differing needs between customers and stakeholders. In the new generation of quality, societal satisfaction would be a more appropriate way of measuring sustainable success. Consequently, and to support societal satisfaction, additional quality management models that complement current approaches are needed. For organisations to manage current, fast-changing environments successfully, existing management models need to be further developed. Hence, to support decision makers in the fifth generation of quality, Quality 5.0, achieve societal satisfaction, this paper proposes a generic model for sustainable development, based on a longitudinal trend analysis of two sequential Delphi studies conducted in 2012 and 2018. The sustainability model supports all organisations-private or public, large or small-on their pathway towards sustainable organisational success and a sustainable future.
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| 25. |
- Hallencreutz, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Decoding sustainable success
- 2024
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Ingår i: Total Quality Management and Business Excellence. - : ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 1478-3363 .- 1478-3371.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concept of sustainable development has become widely accepted among nations, organisations and individuals (Ranangen, H., Coster, M., Isaksson, R., & Garvare, R. [(2018]. From global goals and planetary boundaries to public governance - -aA framework for prioritizing organizational sustainability activities. Sustainability, 10(8), 2741-2726. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10082741). According to the Bruntland Commission, Sustainable Development is defined as a development that meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability for future generations to meet their needs (WCED. [1987]. Our common future: The Brundtland report. Oxford University Press). In this conceptual study, we outline a simplistic framework of aspects, variables, and relations constituting a workable definition of 'sustainable success' inspired by previous theoretical models. The aim is to contribute to a pragmatic clarification of how the concept of sustainable development could be more understandable, measurable, and manageable during global uncertainty and rapid change. A theoretical background is presented, followed by an overview of the method of investigation with a subsequent presentation of the results and a reasoning that frames the conceptual framework on critical constructs for measuring sustainable success based on stakeholder perceptions.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Salonen, Antti, et al.
(författare)
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Cost of Poor Maintenance : A concept for maintenance performance improvement
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering. - : Emerald. - 1355-2511 .- 1758-7832. ; 17:1, s. 63-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose and discuss cost of poor maintenance (CoPM), as a concept for managing the improvement of maintenance performance within manufacturing industry. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on literature studies and two workshops with representatives from industry and academia. Findings – CoPM is proposed as a new concept for maintenance performance improvement. The concept is derived from established practices in quality costing and hence it should be easily accepted in industry. Practical implications – By using CoPM as a concept for maintenance performance development, manufacturing companies may identify the potential financial impact of the development work. The CoPM concept should provide a good viewpoint for identification of deficiencies in the maintenance performance within a given manufacturing system. Originality/value – By adopting a well-known measure from the research area of quality development, a financial measure for maintenance is proposed in this paper. The measure shows which parts of the maintenance costs are justified and which costs relate to poorly performed maintenance. In this way a more balanced view of the financial contribution of maintenance activities may be achieved, even at board level of the company. Keywords Maintenance, Direct costs, Performance levels, Production improvement Paper type Conceptual paper
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| 28. |
- Salonen, Antti
(författare)
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Strategic Maintenance Development in Manufacturing Industry
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Industrial maintenance is a substantial financial post. The total value of maintenance budgets in Europe has been estimated to be approximately 1500 billion € per year. At the same time, there are indications that about a third of these costs are wasted due to poor planning, overtime costs, inferior use of preventive maintenance and so forth. However, the diversity between different types of industry is substantial.While the process industry, which is rather vulnerable to disturbances, has a tradition of viewing its maintenance as a strategic resource, the picture is quite different in discrete item manufacturing industry. Historically, manufacturing industry has had a surplus of finished goods and Work-In-Progress buffers between machinery. Therefore, the manufacturing industry has been able to fulfil its production demand despite unreliable production equipment. In the last few decades, the concept of lean production has started to spread within the manufacturing industry as a means to improve competitiveness. Manufacturing companies apply lean tools such as flow oriented production layout, Just-In-Time production and Demand-Flow-Technology. As a consequence, the vulnerability to system disturbances increases and hence, the demand for dependable production equipment increases. Despite this increasing demand on reliable production equipment, few manufacturing companies work with strategic maintenance development. One reason for this may be that the existing methods and concepts for maintenance development are quite resource demanding.The main objective with this research is to develop a simple and cost effective approach aimed to formulate, implement, and evaluate maintenance strategies for the manufacturing industry. In five case studies the following has been studied: (1) The industry’s view on strategic maintenance development, (2) Formulation of maintenance strategies, (3) Implementation of maintenance strategies, (4) Cost of Poor Maintenance, and (5) Results from strategic maintenance development.As a result from this research, a process for the formulation of maintenance strategies has been developed. Further, a number of driving forces and obstacles, that influence the implementation of maintenance strategies, have been identified. The concept of Cost of Poor Maintenance has been introduced as a means for evaluating the financial contribution of maintenance. Finally, three years of studies in three companies has shown substantial benefits from strategic maintenance development.
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| 29. |
- Sannö, Anna, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Drivers for implementing environmental requirements : An international explorative study in manufacturing
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Manufacturing companies need to respond to a sustainable development in view of the limitations of planet Earth. This paper explores driving forces for environmentally driven change by gathering interview data from 27 manufacturing plants in Europe and America. A proposed model connects external change triggers with required change actions within organizations.
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| 30. |
- Sannö, Anna, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Drivers for implementing environmental requirements - an international explorative study within manufacturing
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Operations and Supply Chain Management. - : Fundacao Getulio Vargas. - 1984-3046. ; 8:1, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Manufacturing companies need to adapt their production processes in order to meet future environmental requirements. The implementation of new technology can be time-consuming and requires skills in change management but also an awareness of possible impacts and effects on the life cycle of the products. This paper combines theories from change management with empirical data from four cases of adaption of new requirements on surface treatment processes in manufacturing. Key factors for change triggered by environmental requirements are identified and verified with factors identified in change management literature. Results show that, in order not to influence functionality and performance negatively, testing and verification as well as changing few variables are important for environmental change management. Furthermore, knowledge and skills in the specific area as well as experimental capabilities are required but also collaboration internally and with external stakeholders are of importance. A model of change is proposed including three phases; readiness for change, technology verification and implementation in production. In addition, four time-related aspects are considered important to plan for; sense of urgency, time for development, strategic path and reviews for long-term projects.
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| 31. |
- Sannö, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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IMPLICATIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS : – CHANGE PROCESSES IN PRODUCTION SYSTEMS
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Conference on Production Research.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- New requirements from environmental and sustainability perspectives trigger new demands on companies and abilities to change their production systems. The objective of this paper is to present a multiple, retrospective case study where new solutions to meet environmental requirements have been implemented. The cases have been reviewed based on how the companies have managed to sustain and assure the functionality and performance of products when they were adapting and developing surface treatment processes. The paper presents criteria for a successful implementation, as well as obstacles and their effect on the business. A risk exposure is identified when changing the chemical processes, and certain key factors, such as testing and verification, cooperation, management and clear directives, committed key persons, and the number of variables in change, are identified as important for a successful implementation.
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| 32. |
- Sannö, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Management of environmentally driven change projects
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Sustainable Economy. - 1756-5804 .- 1756-5812. ; 8:3, s. 189-207
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Industry is a key player in the transition to a more sustainable society. Nevertheless, even though several efforts have been made in practice and in academia, more research is needed in relation to implementing sustainable solutions. Accordingly, the aim of the paper is to understand how manufacturing organisations can develop their operations to improve their way to respond to and manage change projects driven by environmental requirements. A multiple international case study is conducted, including nine case companies. The paper explores how the key factors for managing environmentally driven change can be integrated in the organisation, from the project – the core process – and the cultural perspective. A model is developed that can be used for operations managers to support their strategic planning of environmental change projects.
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| 33. |
- Sannö, Anna, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Management of environmentally driven change projects
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Industry is a key player in the transition to a sustainable society. Still, even if several efforts have been made in practice and academia, more research is addressed in relation to implementing sustainable solutions. In accordance, the aim of the paper is to understand the management of environmentally driven projects in the manufacturing industry. A multiple international case study is conducted, including nine case companies. The study explores how the key factors for managing environmentally driven change relate to the organisational abilities. Apart from defining the supportive key factors, three important links for managing environmentally driven change are identified: how the requirements are introduced, the link between strategic and operational level and how the need for change is transferred to action and implementation. A model is developed that can be used for operations managers to consider the degree of proactivity in strategic planning of environmental change projects.
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| 34. |
- Sannö, Anna, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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On the topic of change management triggered by environmental requirements
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Industry is a key player in the transition to a sustainable society. Still, even if several efforts have been made in practise and academia, more research is addressed in relation to implementing sustainable solutions. In accordance, this paper focuses on the implementation of complex environmental manufacturing technologies. A multiple case study is conducted, including four retrospective cases studying the implications of implementation of technology and identifying key factors effecting the outcome of the change. By considering change management theory, the results of the study contribute to practitioners by capturing practical learning that needs to be considered when implementing new complex manufacturing technologies. It gives an understanding of the uncertainty and implications that might occur during implementation of new environmental requirements as well as providing an insight of what key factors to consider in different stages of the implementation process.
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| 35. |
- Sannö, Anna, 1978-
(författare)
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Time to change : zipping sustainability into operations
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Industry is a key player in the transition to a sustainable society, where manufacturing companies need to respond to the challenges of environmental concerns in several ways. The need for managing environmental technological change in production systems is and will continue to be a challenge for manufacturing companies, as they often tend to focus on short-term priorities to stay economically competitive, rather than developing the organisation to manage longer-term environmental competitiveness.In accordance with this, the objective of the thesis is to develop an understanding of how to manage environmental technological change in a production system. By identifying four categories of contextual preparedness, these being short-term focused, trade-off prepared, balance-seeking or long-term prepared, the thesis provides perspectives on how to manage change related to time and contextual aspects. The operation managers need to manage the projects by allocating individuals who can work systematically and build a strong knowledge base by collaborating with internal and external stakeholders. It shows that knowledge is not only about technology but also about realising the need for change and developing strong longer-term objectives.A model is developed to support operations managers with purposeful actions, such as reflecting upon their long-term capabilities and making conscious decisions when to manage their environmental technology change processes regarding their own production system. The model presents how to “zip” sustainability into operations, so as to provide guidance for operations managers on how to systematically manage long-term change in a context that needs to work with multiple time aspects - and priorities. By using the term zip it is emphasised that the long-term developments have to be consciously integrated into the organisation aligned to the short-term needs.Literature reviews, as well as four empirical case studies, have been conducted in order to explore environmental technological change. In the first two studies, the factors which affect environmental technological change in a production system have been identified. In the two subsequent studies the change processes as such were studied, leading to an increased understanding of how the production system and temporal dimensions influence the change processes. The studies conducted and the results are presented in six appended papers.
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| 36. |
- Stenberg, Ann Brännström, et al.
(författare)
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Implementation of statistical process control and process capability studies : requirements or free will?
- 1999
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Ingår i: Total quality management (Print). - : Informa UK Limited. - 0954-4127 .- 1360-0613. ; 10:4-5, s. 439-446
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Focuses on whether requirements from customers or other reasons cause organizations within industries in Sweden to implement statistical process control and/or process capability studies. Requirements on Swedish organizations; Requirement for the use of statistical process control in the automobile industry in Sweden; Factors affecting statistical process control.
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| 37. |
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