| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Algaba, Juan-Carlos, et al.
(författare)
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Broadband Multi-wavelength Properties of M87 during the 2017 Event Horizon Telescope Campaign
- 2021
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Letters. - : American Astronomical Society. - 2041-8213 .- 2041-8205. ; 911:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2017, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Collaboration succeeded in capturing the first direct image of the center of the M87 galaxy. The asymmetric ring morphology and size are consistent with theoretical expectations for a weakly accreting supermassive black hole of mass ∼6.5 × 109 M o˙. The EHTC also partnered with several international facilities in space and on the ground, to arrange an extensive, quasi-simultaneous multi-wavelength campaign. This Letter presents the results and analysis of this campaign, as well as the multi-wavelength data as a legacy data repository. We captured M87 in a historically low state, and the core flux dominates over HST-1 at high energies, making it possible to combine core flux constraints with the more spatially precise very long baseline interferometry data. We present the most complete simultaneous multi-wavelength spectrum of the active nucleus to date, and discuss the complexity and caveats of combining data from different spatial scales into one broadband spectrum. We apply two heuristic, isotropic leptonic single-zone models to provide insight into the basic source properties, but conclude that a structured jet is necessary to explain M87's spectrum. We can exclude that the simultaneous γ-ray emission is produced via inverse Compton emission in the same region producing the EHT mm-band emission, and further conclude that the γ-rays can only be produced in the inner jets (inward of HST-1) if there are strongly particle-dominated regions. Direct synchrotron emission from accelerated protons and secondaries cannot yet be excluded.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., et al.
(författare)
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Determinants of morbidity and mortality following emergency abdominal surgery in children in low-income and middle-income countries
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMJ Global Health. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2059-7908. ; 1:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Child health is a key priority on the global health agenda, yet the provision of essential and emergency surgery in children is patchy in resource-poor regions. This study was aimed to determine the mortality risk for emergency abdominal paediatric surgery in low-income countries globally.Methods: Multicentre, international, prospective, cohort study. Self-selected surgical units performing emergency abdominal surgery submitted prespecified data for consecutive children aged <16 years during a 2-week period between July and December 2014. The United Nation's Human Development Index (HDI) was used to stratify countries. The main outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality, analysed by multilevel logistic regression.Results: This study included 1409 patients from 253 centres in 43 countries; 282 children were under 2 years of age. Among them, 265 (18.8%) were from low-HDI, 450 (31.9%) from middle-HDI and 694 (49.3%) from high-HDI countries. The most common operations performed were appendectomy, small bowel resection, pyloromyotomy and correction of intussusception. After adjustment for patient and hospital risk factors, child mortality at 30 days was significantly higher in low-HDI (adjusted OR 7.14 (95% CI 2.52 to 20.23), p<0.001) and middle-HDI (4.42 (1.44 to 13.56), p=0.009) countries compared with high-HDI countries, translating to 40 excess deaths per 1000 procedures performed.Conclusions: Adjusted mortality in children following emergency abdominal surgery may be as high as 7 times greater in low-HDI and middle-HDI countries compared with high-HDI countries. Effective provision of emergency essential surgery should be a key priority for global child health agendas.
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| 5. |
- Bard, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Pulp Wastewater Treatment Using Anaerobic Moving Bed Biofilm Reactors: A Case-Study
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Conference on Wider-Uptake of Water Resource Recovery from Wastewater Treatment, ICWRR 2024. - : Springer Nature. ; , s. 234-239
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pulp and paper (P&P) industry holds significant global importance. However, the industry’s processes substantially demand water and energy resources. Consequently, there is a pressing need for the industry to adopt more sustainable production practices, aiming to trim environmental impact and strengthen resilience against climate change. Recent research has highlighted the potential for substantial increases in Swedish biogas production using anaerobic wastewater (WW) treatment methods within P&P mills. The P&P sector traditionally relies on aerobic biological WW treatment, overlooking the valuable opportunity for WW resource recovery. This study aims to evaluate anaerobic moving bed biofilm reactors (AnMBBR) to enhance energy recovery while enabling treatment capacity for the P&P industry’s anaerobic WW treatment. The results of this study showed the resilience of the AnMBBR system. It proved capable of recovering from overload conditions and operating even during prolonged periods at low pH levels. However, the system removes mainly soluble COD, suggesting higher capabilities on P&P WW with a high fraction of soluble COD. Its ability to produce methane-rich biogas demonstrates efficient gas production while maintaining simple operational procedures.
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| 6. |
- Delgado, Luis F., et al.
(författare)
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BAGS-Shiny: a web-based interactive tool for exploring the Baltic Sea microbial gene set
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Biome-specific gene catalogues have been recovered for many environments using shotgun metagenomics, followed by assembly and gene calling on the assembled contigs. We recently proposed a novel mix-assembly strategy, combining individual and co-assembly approaches, and used this approach to assemble an extensive non-redundant gene set from 124 Baltic Sea metagenome samples. The Baltic Sea Gene Set (BAGS v1.1) comprises 66.53 million functionally and taxonomically annotated genes. To enable interactive exploration of this gene catalogue we have developed an RShiny application, BAGS-Shiny, that allows users to perform searches by sequence similarity (BLAST) and/or taxonomic and functional annotation. The gene catalogue and web application will serve as valuable tools for exploring microbial gene functions in brackish ecosystems. In addition, we here make available a pipeline to create gene catalogues based on the mix-assembly approach.
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| 7. |
- Eriksson, Kaja, et al.
(författare)
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Salivary Microbiota and Host-Inflammatory Responses in Periodontitis Affected Individuals With and Without Rheumatoid Arthritis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2235-2988. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesPeriodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are two widespread chronic inflammatory diseases with a previously suggested association. The objective of the current study was to compare the oral microbial composition and host ' s inflammatory mediator profile of saliva samples obtained from subjects with periodontitis, with and without RA, as well as to predict biomarkers, of bacterial pathogens and/or inflammatory mediators, for classification of samples associated with periodontitis and RA. MethodsSalivary samples were obtained from 53 patients with periodontitis and RA and 48 non-RA with chronic periodontitis. The microbial composition was identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and compared across periodontitis patients with and without RA. Levels of inflammatory mediators were determined using a multiplex bead assay, compared between the groups and correlated to the microbial profile. The achieved data was analysed using PCoA, DESeq2 and two machine learning algorithms, OPLS-DA and sPLS-DA. ResultsDifferential abundance DESeq2 analyses showed that the four most highly enriched (log2 FC >20) amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) in the non-RA periodontitis group included Alloprevotella sp., Prevotella sp., Haemophilus sp., and Actinomyces sp. whereas Granulicatella sp., Veillonella sp., Megasphaera sp., and Fusobacterium nucleatum were the most highly enriched ASVs (log2 FC >20) in the RA group. OPLS-DA with log2 FC analyses demonstrated that the top ASVs with the highest importance included Vampirovibrio sp. having a positive correlation with non-RA group, and seven ASVs belonging to Sphingomonas insulae, Sphingobium sp., Novosphingobium aromaticivorans, Delftia acidovorans, Aquabacterium spp. and Sphingomonas echinoides with a positive correlation with RA group. Among the detected inflammatory mediators in saliva samples, TWEAK/TNFSF12, IL-35, IFN-alpha 2, pentraxin-3, gp130/sIL6Rb, sIL-6Ra, IL-19 and sTNF-R1 were found to be significantly increased in patients with periodontitis and RA compared to non-RA group with periodontitis. Moreover, correlations between ASVs and inflammatory mediators using sPLS-DA analysis revealed that TWEAK/TNFSF12, pentraxin-3 and IL-19 were positively correlated with the ASVs Sphingobium sp., Acidovorax delafieldii, Novosphingobium sp., and Aquabacterium sp. ConclusionOur results suggest that the combination of microbes and host inflammatory mediators could be more efficient to be used as a predictable biomarker associated with periodontitis and RA, as compared to microbes and inflammatory mediators alone.
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| 8. |
- Ferrando, Carlos, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of oxygen on post-surgical infections during an individualised perioperative open-lung ventilatory strategy : a randomised controlled trial
- 2020
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Ingår i: British Journal of Anaesthesia. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0007-0912 .- 1471-6771. ; 124:1, s. 110-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: We aimed to examine whether using a high fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) in the context of an individualised intra- and postoperative open-lung ventilation approach could decrease surgical site infection (SSI) in patients scheduled for abdominal surgery. Methods: We performed a multicentre, randomised controlled clinical trial in a network of 21 university hospitals from June 6, 2017 to July 19, 2018. Patients undergoing abdominal surgery were randomly assigned to receive a high (0.80) or conventional (0.3) FIO2 during the intraoperative period and during the first 3 postoperative hours. All patients were mechanically ventilated with an open-lung strategy, which included recruitment manoeuvres and individualised positive end-expiratory pressure for the best respiratory-system compliance, and individualised continuous postoperative airway pressure for adequate peripheral oxyhaemoglobin saturation. The primary outcome was the prevalence of SSI within the first 7 postoperative days. The secondary outcomes were composites of systemic complications, length of intensive care and hospital stay, and 6-month mortality. Results: We enrolled 740 subjects: 371 in the high FIO2 group and 369 in the low FIO2 group. Data from 717 subjects were available for final analysis. The rate of SSI during the first postoperative week did not differ between high (8.9%) and low (9.4%) FIO2 groups (relative risk [RR]: 0.94; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59-1.50; P=0.90]). Secondary outcomes, such as atelectasis (7.7% vs 9.8%; RR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.48-1.25; P=0.38) and myocardial ischaemia (0.6% [n=2] vs 0% [n=0]; P=0.47) did not differ between groups. Conclusions: An oxygenation strategy using high FIO2 compared with conventional FIO2 did not reduce postoperative SSIs in abdominal surgery. No differences in secondary outcomes or adverse events were found.
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| 9. |
- Jurdzinski, Krzysztof T., et al.
(författare)
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Large-scale phylogenomics of aquatic bacteria reveal molecular mechanisms for adaptation to salinity
- 2023
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Ingår i: Science Advances. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 2375-2548. ; 9:21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The crossing of environmental barriers poses major adaptive challenges. Rareness of freshwater-marine transi-tions separates the bacterial communities, but how these are related to brackish counterparts remains elusive, as do the molecular adaptations facilitating cross-biome transitions. We conducted large-scale phylogenomic analysis of freshwater, brackish, and marine quality-filtered metagenome-assembled genomes (11,248). Average nucleotide identity analyses showed that bacterial species rarely existed in multiple biomes. In contrast, distinct brackish basins cohosted numerous species, but their intraspecific population structures displayed clear signs of geographic separation. We further identified the most recent cross-biome transitions, which were rare, ancient, and most commonly directed toward the brackish biome. Transitions were accompanied by systematic changes in amino acid composition and isoelectric point distributions of inferred proteomes, which evolved over millions of years, as well as convergent gains or losses of specific gene functions. Therefore, adaptive chal-lenges entailing proteome reorganization and specific changes in gene content constrains the cross-biome tran-sitions, resulting in species-level separation between aquatic biomes.
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| 10. |
- Riedinger, David J., et al.
(författare)
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Control of Vibrio vulnificus proliferation in the Baltic Sea through eutrophication and algal bloom management
- 2024
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Ingår i: Communications Earth & Environment. - : Springer Nature. - 2662-4435. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to climate change the pathogenic bacterium Vibrio vulnificus proliferates along brackish coastlines, posing risks to public health, tourism, and aquaculture. Here we investigated previously suggested regulation measures to reduce the prevalence of V. vulnificus, locally through seagrass and regionally through the reduction of eutrophication and consequential formation of algal blooms. Field samples collected in the summer of 2021 covered the salinity and eutrophication gradients of the Baltic Sea, one of the largest brackish areas worldwide. Physico-, biological- and hydrochemical parameters were measured and variables explaining V. vulnificus occurrence were identified by machine learning. The best V. vulnificus predictors were eutrophication-related features, such as particulate organic carbon and nitrogen, as well as occurrence of potential phytoplankton blooms and associated species. V. vulnificus abundance did not vary significantly between vegetated and non-vegetated areas. Thus, reducing nutrient inputs could be an effective method to control V. vulnificus populations in eutrophied brackish coasts.
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| 11. |
- Adamo, Marianna, et al.
(författare)
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Epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of chronic right-sided heart failure and tricuspid regurgitation. A clinical consensus statement of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) and the European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI) of the ESC
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Journal of Heart Failure. - : WILEY. - 1388-9842 .- 1879-0844.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Right-sided heart failure and tricuspid regurgitation are common and strongly associated with poor quality of life and an increased risk of heart failure hospitalizations and death. While medical therapy for right-sided heart failure is limited, treatment options for tricuspid regurgitation include surgery and, based on recent developments, several transcatheter interventions. However, the patients who might benefit from tricuspid valve interventions are yet unknown, as is the ideal time for these treatments given the paucity of clinical evidence. In this context, it is crucial to elucidate aetiology and pathophysiological mechanisms leading to right-sided heart failure and tricuspid regurgitation in order to recognize when tricuspid regurgitation is a mere bystander and when it can cause or contribute to heart failure progression. Notably, early identification of right heart failure and tricuspid regurgitation may be crucial and optimal management requires knowledge about the different mechanisms and causes, clinical course and presentation, as well as possible treatment options. The aim of this clinical consensus statement is to summarize current knowledge about epidemiology, pathophysiology and treatment of tricuspid regurgitation in right-sided heart failure providing practical suggestions for patient identification and management.
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| 12. |
- Bousquet, Jean, et al.
(författare)
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ARIA digital anamorphosis : Digital transformation of health and care in airway diseases from research to practice
- 2021
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Ingår i: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 76:1, s. 168-190
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital anamorphosis is used to define a distorted image of health and care that may be viewed correctly using digital tools and strategies. MASK digital anamorphosis represents the process used by MASK to develop the digital transformation of health and care in rhinitis. It strengthens the ARIA change management strategy in the prevention and management of airway disease. The MASK strategy is based on validated digital tools. Using the MASK digital tool and the CARAT online enhanced clinical framework, solutions for practical steps of digital enhancement of care are proposed.
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| 13. |
- Delgado, Luis Fernando
(författare)
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Bioinformatics for microbiome analysis
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Marine ecosystems harbour a vast microbial diversity which play a crucial role in ecosystemfunctioning. Advancements in DNA sequencing technologies have transformed our ability to analyse microbial populations comprehensively. Metagenomic sequencing has emerged as a pivotal tool for characterising microbial communities across various environments. Bioinformatics, an interdisciplinary field, facilitates the analysis and interpretation of large biological datasets, including microbiome data.This thesis aims to enhance bioinformatics approaches for analysing marine microbiomes. It comprises four papers covering bioinformatic developments and genomic data analysis across multiple topics, including metagenomics, pangenomics, comparative genomics and population genomics:Paper I evaluated three assembly strategies for constructing gene catalogues from metagenomic samples: individual sample assembly with gene clustering, co-assembly of all samples, and a new hybrid approach, mix assembly. The efficacy of the mix-assembly approach was highlighted for maximising information extraction from metagenomic samples, offering opportunities for further exploration in microbial ecology and environmental genomics.Using the mix-assembly approach, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of 124 metagenomic samples sourced from the Baltic Sea, resulting in the refinement of the Baltic Sea Gene Set (BAGS v1.1), which now encompasses 66.53 million genes annotated for both functionality and taxonomy. In Paper II, we introduced an open-access initiative that provided the mix-assembly pipeline code. We also developed the BAGS-Shiny web application to facilitate user interaction with this extensive gene catalogue.Paper III focused on whole-genome sequencing and assembly of 82 environmental V. vulnificus strains from the Baltic Sea, enabling comprehensive comparative genomic analysis. I developed the PhyloBOTL pipeline, which uses a phylogeny-based approach to identify genes associated with pathogenicity. Comparative genomics of 208 clinical isolates and 199 environmental isolates revealed 58 enriched orthologs in pathogenic strains, including known virulence factors and novel genes. Potential biomarkers for pathogenic V. vulnificus were identified, and primers suitable for PCR-based environmental monitoring were designed (in silico).In Paper IV population genomics analysis was carried out, using the Input_Pogenom pipeline and POGENOM tool, to explore intraspecific biogeographical patterns. Geographical barriers were found to significantly influence aquatic bacteria distribution, with greater genetic differentiation observed between Baltic and Caspian seas than within the Baltic Sea's salinity gradient.
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| 14. |
- Delgado, Luis Fernando, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating metagenomic assembly approaches for biome-specific gene catalogues
- 2022
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Ingår i: Microbiome. - : Springer Nature. - 2049-2618. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: For many environments, biome-specific microbial gene catalogues are being recovered using shotgun metagenomics followed by assembly and gene calling on the assembled contigs. The assembly is typically conducted either by individually assembling each sample or by co-assembling reads from all the samples. The co-assembly approach can potentially recover genes that display too low abundance to be assembled from individual samples. On the other hand, combining samples increases the risk of mixing data from closely related strains, which can hamper the assembly process. In this respect, assembly on individual samples followed by clustering of (near) identical genes is preferable. Thus, both approaches have potential pros and cons, but it remains to be evaluated which assembly strategy is most effective. Here, we have evaluated three assembly strategies for generating gene catalogues from metagenomes using a dataset of 124 samples from the Baltic Sea: (1) assembly on individual samples followed by clustering of the resulting genes, (2) co-assembly on all samples, and (3) mix assembly, combining individual and co-assembly. Results: The mix-assembly approach resulted in a more extensive nonredundant gene set than the other approaches and with more genes predicted to be complete and that could be functionally annotated.The mix assembly consists of 67 million genes (Baltic Sea gene set, BAGS) that have been functionally and taxonomically annotated. The majority of the BAGS genes are dissimilar (< 95% amino acid identity) to the Tara Oceans gene dataset, and hence, BAGS represents a valuable resource for brackish water research. Conclusion: The mix-assembly approach represents a feasible approach to increase the information obtained from metagenomic samples.
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| 15. |
- Delgado, Luis Fernando, et al.
(författare)
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Phylogeny-based comparative genomics of Vibrio vulnificus links genetic traits to pathogenicity
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vibrio vulnificus is a natural part of the microbiome of brackish waters worldwide. It is also an opportunistic pathogen that can cause severe infections and septicemia via consumption of seafood or through wound infections. The species possess diverse virulence factors, yet its precise disease mechanism remains undefined. Comparative genomics between clinical and environmental isolates offers a means to identify key virulence genes, but the scarcity of environmental isolates for V. vulnificus has constituted a significant limitation. Here we sequenced genomes of 82 V. vulnificus isolates from water, sediment and seagrass surface from stations along the Baltic Sea coast and complemented these with 208 and 117 previously sequenced clinical and environmental genomes, respectively, in a comparative analysis. Phylogenetic reconstruction corroborated earlier analysis with four main lineages forming within the species. Strains from the Baltic Sea region were confined to certain phylogenetic lineages (L4 and sublineages L2c and L2e) whereas clinical and environmental strains were found in all lineages, indicting that the phylogenetic structure of V. vulnificus reflects adaptations to specific environmental conditions rather than pathogenicity. Employing orthologue enrichment analysis in a phylogenetic framework using the PhyloBOTL pipeline developed in this work revealed 58 significantly enriched orthologs in clinical compared to environmental isolates. These orthologs were grouped into 18 co-localisation clusters based on the corresponding genes’ proximity in the genomes. The co-localisation clusters entailed clusters with 1 genes previously linked with pathogenicity in V. vulnificus, such as genes for capsular polysaccharide (CPS) synthesis and biofilm formation, but also clusters with genes not previously associated with virulence in the species. Examples of the latter were genes for pilus biosynthesis of the usher-chaperone (CU) pathway, for spermidine synthesis, and for effector proteins of the Type VI secretion system. Finally we leveraged on the clinically enriched genes to design PCR primers for detection and surveillance of pathogenic V. vulnificus strains.
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| 16. |
- Donis, Daphne, et al.
(författare)
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Stratification strength and light climate explain variation in chlorophyll a at the continental scale in a European multilake survey in a heatwave summer
- 2021
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Ingår i: Limnology and Oceanography. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0024-3590 .- 1939-5590. ; 66:12, s. 4314-4333
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To determine the drivers of phytoplankton biomass, we collected standardized morphometric, physical, and biological data in 230 lakes across the Mediterranean, Continental, and Boreal climatic zones of the European continent. Multilinear regression models tested on this snapshot of mostly eutrophic lakes (median total phosphorus [TP] = 0.06 and total nitrogen [TN] = 0.7 mg L-1), and its subsets (2 depth types and 3 climatic zones), show that light climate and stratification strength were the most significant explanatory variables for chlorophyll a (Chl a) variance. TN was a significant predictor for phytoplankton biomass for shallow and continental lakes, while TP never appeared as an explanatory variable, suggesting that under high TP, light, which partially controls stratification strength, becomes limiting for phytoplankton development. Mediterranean lakes were the warmest yet most weakly stratified and had significantly less Chl a than Boreal lakes, where the temperature anomaly from the long-term average, during a summer heatwave was the highest (+4 degrees C) and showed a significant, exponential relationship with stratification strength. This European survey represents a summer snapshot of phytoplankton biomass and its drivers, and lends support that light and stratification metrics, which are both affected by climate change, are better predictors for phytoplankton biomass in nutrient-rich lakes than nutrient concentrations and surface temperature.
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| 17. |
- Gomez-Velazquez, Melisa, et al.
(författare)
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CTCF counter-regulates cardiomyocyte development and maturation programs in the embryonic heart
- 2017
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Ingår i: PLOS Genetics. - : PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE. - 1553-7390 .- 1553-7404. ; 13:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cardiac progenitors are specified early in development and progressively differentiate and mature into fully functional cardiomyocytes. This process is controlled by an extensively studied transcriptional program. However, the regulatory events coordinating the progression of such program from development to maturation are largely unknown. Here, we show that the genome organizer CTCF is essential for cardiogenesis and that it mediates genomic interactions to coordinate cardiomyocyte differentiation and maturation in the developing heart. Inactivation of Ctcf in cardiac progenitor cells and their derivatives in vivo during development caused severe cardiac defects and death at embryonic day 12.5. Genome wide expression analysis in Ctcf mutant hearts revealed that genes controlling mitochondrial function and protein production, required for cardiomyocyte maturation, were upregulated. However, mitochondria from mutant cardiomyocytes do not mature properly. In contrast, multiple development regulatory genes near predicted heart enhancers, including genes in the IrxA cluster, were downregulated in Ctcf mutants, suggesting that CTCF promotes cardiomyocyte differentiation by facilitating enhancer-promoter interactions. Accordingly, loss of CTCF disrupts gene expression and chromatin interactions as shown by chromatin conformation capture followed by deep sequencing. Furthermore, CRISPR-mediated deletion of an intergenic CTCF site within the IrxA cluster alters gene expression in the developing heart. Thus, CTCF mediates local regulatory interactions to coordinate transcriptional programs controlling transitions in morphology and function during heart development.
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| 18. |
- Sjöqvist, Conny, et al.
(författare)
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Ecologically coherent population structure of uncultivated bacterioplankton
- 2021
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Ingår i: The ISME Journal. - : Springer Nature. - 1751-7362 .- 1751-7370.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bacterioplankton are main drivers of biogeochemical cycles and important components of aquatic food webs. While sequencing-based studies have revealed how bacterioplankton communities are structured in time and space, relatively little is known about intraspecies diversity patterns and their ecological relevance. Here, we use the newly developed software POGENOM (POpulation GENomics from Metagenomes) to investigate genomic diversity and differentiation in metagenome-assembled genomes from the Baltic Sea, and investigate their genomic variation using metagenome data spanning a 1700 km transect and covering seasonal variation at one station. The majority of the investigated species, representing several major bacterioplankton clades, displayed population structures correlating significantly with environmental factors such as salinity and temperature. Population differentiation was more pronounced over spatial than temporal scales. We discovered genes that have undergone adaptation to different salinity regimes, potentially responsible for the populations' existence along with the salinity range. This in turn implies the broad existence of ecotypes that may remain undetected by rRNA gene sequencing. Our findings emphasize the importance of physiological barriers, and highlight the role of adaptive divergence as a structuring mechanism of bacterioplankton species.
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| 19. |
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