| 1. |
- Andersson, Pontus, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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The electron affinity of phosphorus
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics B-Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics. ; 40:20, s. 4097-4107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Effenberger, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Patchy bed disturbance and fish predation independently influence the distribution of stream invertebrates and algae
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Animal Ecology. - : Wiley. - 0021-8790 .- 1365-2656. ; 80:3, s. 603-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. The identification of factors determining the patchy distribution of organisms in space and time is a central concern of ecology. Predation and abiotic disturbance are both well-known drivers of this patchiness, but their interplay is still poorly understood, especially for communities dominated by mobile organisms in frequently disturbed ecosystems. 2. We investigated the separate and interactive influences of bed disturbance by floods and predation by fish on the benthic community in a flood-prone stream. Electric fields excluded fish predators from half of 48 stream bed patches (area 0·49 m(2) ) with contrasting disturbance treatments. Three types of bed disturbance were created by either scouring or filling patches to a depth of 15-20 cm or by leaving the patches undisturbed, thus mimicking the mosaic of scour and fill caused by a moderate flood. Benthic invertebrates and algae were sampled repeatedly until 57 days after the disturbance. 3. Disturbance influenced all ten investigated biological response variables, whereas predation affected four variables. Averaged across time, invertebrate taxon richness and total abundance were highest in stable patches. Algal biomass and densities of five of the seven most common invertebrate taxa (most of which were highly mobile) were higher in fill than in scour patches, whereas two taxa were more abundant in scour and stable than in fill patches. Furthermore, two common invertebrate grazers were more abundant and algal biomass tended to be reduced in fish exclusion patches, suggesting a patch-scale trophic cascade from fish to algae. 4. Our results highlight the importance of patchy physical disturbance for the microdistribution of mobile stream organisms and indicate a notable, but less prevalent, influence of fish predation at the patch scale in this frequently disturbed environment. Disturbance and predation treatments interacted only once, suggesting that the observed predation effects were largely independent of local bed disturbance patterns.
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| 3. |
- Jansen, Iris E, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide meta-analysis for Alzheimer's disease cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Acta neuropathologica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-0533 .- 0001-6322. ; 144:5, s. 821-842
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Amyloid-beta 42 (Aβ42) and phosphorylated tau (pTau) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reflect core features of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) more directly than clinical diagnosis. Initiated by the European Alzheimer & Dementia Biobank (EADB), the largest collaborative effort on genetics underlying CSF biomarkers was established, including 31 cohorts with a total of 13,116 individuals (discovery n=8074; replication n=5042 individuals). Besides the APOE locus, novel associations with two other well-established AD risk loci were observed; CR1 was shown a locus for Aβ42 and BIN1 for pTau. GMNC and C16orf95 were further identified as loci for pTau, of which the latter is novel. Clustering methods exploring the influence of all known AD risk loci on the CSF protein levels, revealed 4 biological categories suggesting multiple Aβ42 and pTau related biological pathways involved in the etiology of AD. In functional follow-up analyses, GMNC and C16orf95 both associated with lateral ventricular volume, implying an overlap in genetic etiology for tau levels and brain ventricular volume.
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| 4. |
- Jäger, Christoph G., et al.
(författare)
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Influence of water-column depth and mixing on phytoplankton biomass, community composition, and nutrients
- 2008
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Ingår i: Limnology and Oceanography. - 0024-3590 .- 1939-5590. ; 53:6, s. 2361-2373
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We independently manipulated mixing intensity (strong artificial mixing vs. background turbulence) andwater-column depth (2 m, 4 m, 8 m, and 12 m) in order to explore their separate and combined effects in a fieldenclosure experiment. To accentuate the vertical light gradient, enclosures had black walls, resulting in a euphoticdepth of only 3.7 m. All enclosures were placed in a well-mixed water bath to equalize temperature acrosstreatments. Phytoplankton responded to an initial phosphorus pulse with a transient increase in biomass, whichwas highest in the shallowest, least light-limited water columns where dissolved mineral phosphorus subsequentlybecame strongly limiting. As a consequence, the depth-averaged mineral phosphorus concentration increased andthe seston carbon (C) : phosphorous (P) ratio decreased with increasing water-column depth. Low turbulenceenclosures became quickly dominated by motile taxa (flagellates) in the upper water column, whereas mixedenclosures became gradually dominated by pennate diatoms, which resulted in higher average sedimentation ratesin the mixed enclosures over the 35-d experimental period. Low turbulence enclosures showed pronouncedvertical structure in water columns .4 m, where diversity was higher than in mixed enclosures, suggesting verticalniche partitioning. This interpretation is supported by a primary production assay, where phytoplanktonoriginating from different water depths in low-turbulence treatments had the relatively highest primaryproductivity when incubated at their respective depths of origin.
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| 5. |
- Jäger, Christoph G, et al.
(författare)
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Physical Determinants of Phytoplankton Production, Algal Stoichiometry, and Vertical Nutrient Fluxes
- 2010
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Ingår i: The American naturalist. - : University of Chicago Press. - 1537-5323 .- 0003-0147. ; 175, s. E91-E104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract: Most phytoplankters face opposing vertical gradients in light versus nutrient supplies but have limited capacities for vertical habitat choice. We therefore explored a dynamical model of negatively buoyant algae inhabiting a one-dimensional water column to ask how water column depth and turbulence constrain total (areal) phytoplankton biomass. We show that the population persistence boundaries in water column depth-turbulence space are set by sinking losses and light limitation but that nutrients are most limiting to total biomass in water columns that are neither too shallow or too weakly mixed (where sinking losses prevail) nor too deep and turbulent (where light limitation prevails). In shallow waters, the most strongly limiting process is nutrient influx to the bottom of the water column (e.g., from sediments). In deep waters, the most strongly limiting process is turbulent upward transport of nutrients to the photic zone. Consequently, the highest total biomasses are attained in turbulent waters at intermediate water column depths and in deep waters at intermediate turbulences. These patterns are insensitive to the assumption of fixed versus flexible algal carbon-to-nutrient stoichiometry, and they arise irrespective of whether the water column is a surface layer above a deep water compartment or has direct contact with sediments.
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| 6. |
- Jäger, Christoph G., et al.
(författare)
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Resource competition across habitat boundaries : asymmetric interactions between benthic and pelagic producers
- 2014
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Ingår i: Ecological Monographs. - : Wiley. - 0012-9615 .- 1557-7015. ; 84:2, s. 287-302
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In shallow aquatic systems, benthic and pelagic primary producers typically compete for light and nutrients along opposing vertical supply axes: pelagic algae shade the benthic habitat; conversely, benthic algae intercept the nutrient flux from the sediment to the pelagic habitat. We present a general framework for analyzing such spatially asymmetric resource competition across habitat boundaries using a mechanistic, dynamical model. We visualize the mechanisms determining the outcome of these cross-habitat interactions using zero-net-growth isoclines, resource supply points, and resource consumption vectors. In extensive invasion analyses, we characterize the abiotic and competitive persistence boundaries of pelagic and benthic primary producers, which are set by environmental factors determining nutrient and light supply and are modified by resource use by the competitor in the respective other habitat. We note several qualitative differences between cross-habitat and "classical" within-habitat resource competition. First, coexistence of cross-habitat competitors is facilitated by, but does not require niche differentiation with respect to, the utilization of resources. Because each species has a competitive edge for the resource that is supplied from "its" side of the system, a competitor that is inferior in utilizing both resources can sometimes coexist with, or even exclude, a superior competitor. Second, increasing the external supply of one resource (the nutrient) may initially favor both competitors, until a breakpoint is reached where the benthic producer goes abruptly extinct. Finally, whether a given pair of cross-habitat competitors coexist or shows alternative states may depend on the environment. Specifically, benthic and pelagic algae may coexist at low nutrient and light supply but produce alternative states at high nutrient and light supply. Alternative states are, in turn, promoted by any algal trait combination that increases the spatial asymmetry in resource consumption, i.e., leads to a higher nutrient consumption in the benthic habitat and/or a higher light consumption in the pelagic habitat. In a first empirical application, we show that predictions from our model give a good fit to published data on benthic and pelagic primary production in temperate and arctic lakes spanning a broad range of nutrient environments.
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| 7. |
- Lawler, Mark, et al.
(författare)
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A Catalyst for Change: The European Cancer Patient's Bill of Rights.
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Oncologist. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1549-490X .- 1083-7159.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European Cancer Concord is a unique patient-centered partnership that will act as a catalyst to achieve improved access to an optimal standard of cancer care and research for European citizens. In order to provide tangible benefits for European cancer patients, the partnership proposes the creation of a “European Cancer Patient's Bill of Rights,” a patient charter that will underpin equitable access to an optimal standard of care for Europe's citizens.
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| 8. |
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