| 1. |
- Diniz, Mariana, et al.
(författare)
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Debating Neolithization from a Mesolithic point of view : The Sado Valley (Portugal) experience
- 2021
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Ingår i: Foraging Assemblages. - : The Italian Academy for Advanced Studies in America. - 9788680094151 ; , s. 713-719
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we discuss how the Late Mesolithic Sado Valley hunter-gatherers interacted with the first agropastoralist societies settled in southern Portugal in the course of the second half of the sixth millennium cal BC. The archaeological record available during this period in southern Portugal reflects the presence of two distinct cultural groups. Differences can be detected not only on an economic level but also in settlement patterns, material culture, and symbolic behaviour. By the end of the first quarter of the fifth millennium cal BC, the Sado shell middens seem to have been abandoned, raising the question of how and why these last hunter-gatherers left their traditional territory, since no environmental change is recorded in the area that could explain it. Using chronological information and some Neolithic elements found in the area of the shell middens, we will debate the Neolithization process from a Mesolithic point of view.
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| 2. |
- Diniz, Mariana O., et al.
(författare)
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New Solid Forms of Griseofulvin : A Solvate and a Relict Polymorph Related to Reported Solvates
- 2023
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Ingår i: Crystal Growth & Design. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1528-7483 .- 1528-7505. ; 23:12, s. 8953-8961
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work presents two new solid forms, a polymorph and a solvate, of the antifungal active pharmaceutical ingredient griseofulvin (GSF). The novel forms were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis, and their crystal structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The new polymorphic form (GSF Form VI) was obtained upon drying at room temperature the GSF-acetonitrile solvate. GSF Form VI is a relict structure related to reported solvates of GSF. Thermal stability studies show that Form VI is metastable and monotropically related to the stable GSF Form I. The new GSF-n-butyl acetate solvate was obtained by crystallization from an n-butyl acetate solution. The stoichiometry of the n-butyl acetate solvate is 1:0.5. The solvate loses the solvent from the crystal lattice at a temperature between 363.15 and 374.15 K.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Peyroteo Stjerna, Rita, 1977-
(författare)
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On Death in the Mesolithic : Or the Mortuary Practices of the Last Hunter-Gatherers of the South-Western Iberian Peninsula, 7th–6th Millennium BCE
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The history of death is entangled with the history of changing social values, meaning that a shift in attitudes to death will be consistent with changes in a society’s world view.Late Mesolithic shell middens in the Tagus and Sado valleys, Portugal, constitute some of the largest and earliest burial grounds known, arranged and maintained by people with a hunting, fishing, and foraging lifestyle, c 6000–5000 cal BCE. These sites have been interpreted in the light of economic and environmental processes as territorial claims to establish control over limited resources. This approach does not explain the significance of the frequent disposal of the dead in neighbouring burial grounds, and how these places were meaningful and socially recognized. The aim of this dissertation is to answer these questions through the detailed analysis of museum collections of human burials from these sites, excavated between the late nineteenth century and the 1960s.I examine the burial activity of the last hunter-gatherers of the south-western Iberian Peninsula from an archaeological perspective, and explain the burial phenomenon through the lens of historical and humanist approaches to death and hunter-gatherers, on the basis of theoretical concepts of social memory, place, mortuary ritual practice, and historical processes. Human burials are investigated in terms of time and practice based on the application of three methods: radiocarbon dating and Bayesian analysis to define the chronological framework of the burial activity at each site and valley; stable isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen aimed at defining the burial populations by the identification of dietary choices; and archaeothanatology to reconstruct and define central practices in the treatment of the dead.This dissertation provides new perspectives on the role and relevance of the shell middens in the Tagus and Sado valleys. Hunter-gatherers frequenting these sites were bound by shared social practices, which included the formation and maintenance of burial grounds, as a primary means of history making. Death rituals played a central role in the life of these hunter-gatherers in developing a sense of community, as well as maintaining social ties in both life and death.
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| 5. |
- Peyroteo Stjerna, Rita, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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The dead at Escoural Cave (Montemor-o-Novo, Portugal) : Early farmer's interactions in south-western Iberian Peninsula
- 2018
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Ingår i: De Gibraltar aos Pirenéus. - Nelas. - 9789899816350 ; , s. 65-83
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The arrival of farmers to the south-western Iberian Peninsula was followed by a period of complex human interaction after 5500 BCE. This marked the arrival of new technologies and subsistence practices such as pottery, husbandry and domestication of plants, but also the co-existence of diverse social structures and world-views in a territory populated by hunter-gatherers. Biological and sociocultural interactions between local and migrant groups at the onset and establishment of the Neolithic in Atlantic Europe are poorly understood. The Neolithic funerary context in the Escoural cave, Montemor-o-Novo,Portugal, offers a research opportunity to examine these processes because it is uniquely well preserved and its use intersects key periods to understand multilayered human interaction. In this paper we present a synthesis of what is known about the Neolithic use ofthe cave complemented by new observations in the scope of a multidisciplinary project centred on the Escoural Cave started in 2018.
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| 7. |
- Pires, Ana Elisabete, et al.
(författare)
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The curious case of the Mesolithic Iberian dogs : An archaeogenetic study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Archaeological Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0305-4403 .- 1095-9238. ; 105, s. 116-129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the genetic composition of six Canis remains from western Iberia, directly radiocarbon dated to 7,903-7,570 years (cal BP). They were identified as dogs via their archaeological and depositional context, osteometry, and a high percentage of aquatic diet shared with humans. For comparison, genetic data were obtained from an additional 37 Iberian dog remains from the Neolithic to Late Antiquity, as well as two Palaeolithic and a Chalcolithic Canis identified as wolves. Previous data indicated that dog mtDNA haplogroup A (HgA) is prevalent in extant European dogs ( > 50%), in the Near East and Asia, but rare or absent ( < 10%) in European Canis older than 3,000 years (cal BP). We found a high frequency (83%) of dog HgA in Mesolithic Iberian dog remains. This is the first report of a high frequency of dog HgA in pre-Neolithic Europe. We show that, contrary to the current view, Canis with HgA did not necessarily arrive in Europe from East-Asia. This phylogeographical difference in HgA frequency demonstrates that genetic differentiation was high prior to, or as a consequence of, domestication which may be linked with pre-Neolithic local processes for Iberian wolf domestication. Our results emphasize that knowledge of both ancient wolves' and early dogs' genetic profiles from the European periphery should improve our understanding of the evolution of the European dog.
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