| 1. |
- Andersson, Dag, et al.
(författare)
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COSIVU - Compact, smart and reliable drive unit for fully electric vehicles
- 2016
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Ingår i: 2016 Pan Pacific Microelectronics Symposium (Pan Pacific). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9780988887398
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- COSIVU is a three year collaborative research project that ended in September 2015 and which has been funded within the European Green Car Initiative (now the European Green Vehicle Initiative). COSIVU addresses one of the most critical technical parts in fully electrical vehicles (FEV) besides the energy storage system: the mechatronic drive-train unit. The COSIVU project has delivered a new system architecture for multiple wheel drive-trains by a smart, compact and durable single-wheel drive unit with integrated electric motor, full silicon carbide (SiC) power electronics (switches and diodes), a novel control and health monitoring module with wireless communication, and an advanced ultra-compact cooling solution. DfR utilizing FEM simulations ensures first time right solutions. This paper presents the main results including the architecture of the drive train solution as well as the modular design of the inverter based on Inverter Building Blocks, one per phase. Performance tests are presented here for the first time for both the heavy duty commercial vehicle solution performed in a test rig by Volvo, and the tests of the COSIVU solution adapted to a passenger car done by Elaphe.
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| 2. |
- Eberhard, Sophia, et al.
(författare)
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Hazardous alcohol use in general psychiatric outpatients.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Mental Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1360-0567 .- 0963-8237. ; 24:3, s. 162-167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hazardous alcohol use in psychiatric patients may increase the risk of the development of a substance use disorder and negatively affect the course of the psychiatric disorder.
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| 3. |
- Eberhard, Sophia, et al.
(författare)
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Risky Alcohol Use and Comorbidity in a Swedish Adolescent Emergency Psychiatric Inpatient Population.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of addiction. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-7834 .- 2090-7850. ; 2021
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction. Underage drinking is associated with poor mental health. Early detection for risky alcohol use is recommended,although less implemented in adolescent care. +e objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of risky alcohol use andpsychiatric comorbidity. Methods. Over a nine-month period, 145 eligible adolescents admitted to the child and adolescentemergency unit in Malmo, Sweden, were offered computerized screening with Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test- ¨Consumption (AUDIT-C) and Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT). Results. Ninety-six patients (73 girls and 23boys) agreed to participate. +e most common diagnoses were affective disorder (41%) and anxiety disorder (27%). Risky alcoholuse was found among 33% of the girls and 22% of the boys (p � 0.45) and did not differ between diagnostic categories. +ere was apositive correlation between AUDIT-C and DUDIT scores (p � 0.019). Among adolescents with risky alcohol use, 33% of the girlsand 60% of the boys also had a risky drug use. Conversely, 47% of the girls and 60% of the boys with risky drug use also had a riskyalcohol use. Conclusion. In view of the poor prognosis of risky
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| 4. |
- Eberhard, Sophia, et al.
(författare)
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Secondary prevention of hazardous alcohol consumption in psychiatric out-patients: a randomised controlled study.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0933-7954 .- 1433-9285. ; 44, s. 1013-1021
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Hazardous alcohol use is associated with an increased risk for development of a substance use disorder, leading to negative outcomes in psychiatric patients. AIMS: In order to investigate whether psychiatric outpatients' hazardous alcohol consumption could be reduced by way of a brief intervention by telephone. METHOD: Non-psychotic psychiatric outpatients, n = 1,670, completed a self-rating form concerning alcohol habits (AUDIT). Participants with scores indicating risk consumption (n = 344) were randomised to intervention (immediate advice) or control (advice after 6 months). RESULTS: Hazardous alcohol habits occurred among 19% of the women and 24% of the men. In the intervention group, half of the patients reduced their alcohol consumption to non-hazardous levels at 6-month follow-up (ITT analysis). In women, 41.5% in the intervention group had no hazardous consumption at follow-up compared to 24.7% in the control group (P = 0.003), corresponding figure for men was 49.1 and 34.0%. CONCLUSION: Brief intervention seems to be effective to reduce hazardous alcohol consumption in psychiatric outpatients.
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| 5. |
- Hansson, Kristian, et al.
(författare)
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Issues in Child and Adolescent Inpatient Assessment and Evaluation After Discharge : Protocol for App Development and a Randomized Controlled Trial
- 2018
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Ingår i: JMIR Research Protocols. - : JMIR Publications. - 1929-0748. ; 7:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: New methods are needed for collecting data of in- and outpatients and for improving outpatient compliance after discharge. Mobile technologies, such as smartphone apps, have shown promising results, (eg, helping unwell people by offering support and resources). Screening for the condition, including comorbidities, is a vital part of psychiatric care. Comorbid conditions, especially in emergency evaluation, are often missed, leading to inaccurate diagnosis and treatment. One way of improving diagnostic accuracy is to use a structured diagnostic process. Digitalized screening and follow-up have the advantage of making administration and scoring easier and less time consuming, thereby increasing response rate. To address these problems, we decided to create a smartphone app called The Blue App. The Blue App was developed through 6 steps, described in the manuscript. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to describe (1) the development of The Blue App and (2) 2 planned research studies to evaluate the app. METHODS: Two studies will be performed. Study 1 has a descriptive design, mapping comorbidities before and after the introduction of The Blue App. Study 2 has a randomized controlled design, measuring compliance with outpatient treatments as well as depressive symptoms, rated as changes in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale scores during a 1-year follow-up. RESULTS: We have described app development. Data collection for Study 1 started in autumn 2017. Study 2 will start in autumn 2018. We expect to have enrolled the 150 patients in Study 2 by December 2019. Final results will be published in a scientific journal. CONCLUSIONS: A technically advanced and easy-to-use Web-based mobile phone app corresponding to the unit's needs was developed, and 2 studies are planned to evaluate its usefulness. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR1-10.2196/10121.
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| 6. |
- Hjelm, Barbara, et al.
(författare)
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High nuclear RBM3 expression is associated with an improved prognosis in colorectal cancer
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proteomics Clinical Applications. - : Wiley. - 1862-8354 .- 1862-8346. ; 5:11-12, s. 624-635
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: In this study, we investigated the prognostic impact of human RBM3 expression in colorectal cancer using tissue microarray-based immunohistochemical analysis. Experimental design: One polyclonal antibody and four monoclonal anti-RBM3 antibodies were generated and epitope mapped using two different methods. Bacterial display revealed five distinct epitopes for the polydonal antibody, while the four mouse monoclonal antibodies were found to bind to three of the five epitopes. A peptide suspension bead array assay confirmed the five epitopes of the polydonal antibody, while only one of the monoclonal antibodies could be mapped using this approach. Antibody specificity was confirmed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, including siRNA-mediated knock-down. Two of the antibodies (polydonal and monoclonal) were subsequently used to analyze RBM3 expression in tumor samples from two independent colorectal cancer cohorts, one consecutive cohort (n = 270) and one prospectively collected cohort of patients with cancer of the sigmoid colon (n = 305). RBM3-expression was detected, with high correlation between both antibodies (R = 0.81, p < 0.001). Results: In both cohorts, tumors with high nuclear RBM3 staining had significantly prolonged the overall survival. This was also confirmed in multivariate analysis, adjusted for established prognostic factors. Conclusion and clinical relevance: These data demonstrate that high tumor-specific nuclear expression of RBM3 is an independent predictor of good prognosis in colorectal cancer.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Johansson, Björn Axel, et al.
(författare)
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Implementation of Brief Admission by Self-Referral in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry in Sweden : Insights from Implementers and Staff
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - 1660-4601. ; 21:1, s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Brief admission by self-referral, which allows patients to briefly admit themselves to a psychiatric ward, is a crisis intervention designed to reduce suicide and self-harm. This method was introduced in Sweden for adult patients in 2015, achieving high patient satisfaction and good acceptance among staff. In 2018, the method was adapted and implemented in pediatric psychiatry. The present study comprehensively describes the multifaceted strategies for implementing brief admissions, including planning, education, financing, restructuring, quality management, and policy implementation and reform. It also includes staff's opinions of the practice of brief admissions for young people. Neither of these topics has been addressed in the existing literature. During the study period (April 2018-April 2021), 63 brief admission contracts were established. The number of new contracts increased exponentially (12.7%) per quarter (p < 0.05), and staff satisfaction with both the implementation and its benefits for unstable patients was high. Brief admission by self-referral can be successfully implemented in pediatric psychiatry and appears to be a functional crisis management method for adolescents.
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| 9. |
- Johansson, Björn Axel, et al.
(författare)
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Introducing brief admissions by self-referral in child and adolescent psychiatry : an observational cohort study in Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Lancet Psychiatry. - 2215-0366. ; 10:8, s. 598-607
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Brief admission by self-referral, a novel crisis intervention designed to reduce suicide and self-harm in adults, was adopted for adolescents in paediatric psychiatry in Malmö, Sweden, in 2018. We aimed to investigate changes in utilisation of emergency psychiatric care.METHODS: We did an observational longitudinal cohort study in The University Hospital in Malmö, Sweden, which provides the only psychiatric emergency unit with 24 h psychiatric facilities in Region Skåne. Eligible patients were those aged 13-17 years who were admitted to the psychiatric facility, who had at least one emergency visit or admission during the 6 months before admission, and had prominent features of instability and self-harm, corresponding to at least three of the nine criteria for borderline personality disorder as per the DSM-5 as assessed by a paediatric psychiatrist during the admission. Patients with intellectual disabilities, psychosis, or language barriers were excluded. Patients who signed a brief admissions contract between April 1, 2018, and April 30, 2021, were eligible for inclusion in the study. A brief admissions contract allows patients to admit themselves to psychiatric emergency care for a transitory time. The primary outcome measures were the number of emergency visits, emergency admissions, inpatient days, and episodes of coercive (involuntary) care, compared at individual level before and after signing the brief admissions contract until end of follow-up. The number of visits and days were modelled using random-effects Poisson regression models, and the relative changes in the expected numbers of days per time unit were reported as rate ratios (RRs).FINDINGS: Of the 928 patients admitted to the psychiatric facility between April 1, 2018, and April 30, 2021, 60 were excluded, and a further 801 did not meet the inclusion criteria for age, previous emergency visits, or having at least three of the nine criteria of borderline personality disorder. 67 patients were eligible for inclusion, but four patients did not sign a contract. 63 patients were included in the study, including 60 females (95%) and three (5%) males, with a mean age of 14·8 years (SD 1·7). Ethnicity data were not collected. Patients were followed up for a median of 13·5 months (IQR 9·2 -19·6). After signing the contract, there was a decrease in the number of emergency visits (RR 0·22 [95% CI 0·15-0·32]; p<0·0001), emergency admissions (RR 0·26 [0·19-0·35]; p<0·0001), inpatient days (RR 0·29 [0·26-0·32]; p<0·0001), and inpatient days including brief admissions (RR 0·44 [95% CI 0·40-0·48]; p<0·0001). Episodes of coercive care did not change significantly (RR 0·99 [95% CI 0·40-2·43]; p=0·98). Psychiatric evaluation due to persistent suicidal ideations immediately after discharge was required for five patients.INTERPRETATION: Our findings suggest that brief admissions can be successfully implemented in paediatric psychiatry and appear to be an effective crisis management method for adolescents, associated with reduced demand for emergency care. Future randomised controlled trials are warranted.FUNDING: Region Skåne Health Care Authority.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Lindkvist, Rose-Marie, et al.
(författare)
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‘A Safe Place Where I Am Welcome to Unwind When I Choose to’—Experiences of Brief Admission by Self-Referral for Adolescents Who Self-Harm at Risk for Suicide: A Qualitative Study
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601. ; 19:1, s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evidence is lacking on how to manage imminent suicidality in adolescents with self-harm. Brief Admission by Self-referral (BA) is a crisis-management intervention, developed for adults with self-harm at risk for suicide. Structured, individualized and based on responsible autonomy, BA aims to provide a respite while minimizing negative effects of hospitalization. This qualitative interview study illuminates adolescents’ experiences of BA, adapted for this target group. Nineteen adolescents aged 14 to 19 years, described BA as helpful for timely rest and recovery to save themselves from impulses to self-harm. The individual contract, which is a prerequisite for access to BA, was perceived to give access to professional support in a safe environment, also among adolescents not using their contract. Being trusted with responsibility to self-admit was also hard work with struggles of self-doubt. Challenges included experiencing distrust from staff and fear of not being able to abstain from self-harm, which BA is conditioned upon. However, this condition was also perceived to induce self-motivation and growth. BA appeared well-adapted to the target group, fulfilling needs of predictability, autonomy, and opportunity for recovery to prevent self-harm. Suggestions for improvement included continually informing staff about important features of BA. To further evaluate benefits and challenges of BA, future research may evaluate clinical and health-economic outcomes and perspectives from parents and caregivers.
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| 12. |
- Otto, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Reliability investigation on SiC BJT power module
- 2016
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Ingår i: PCIM Europe 2016. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9783800741861 ; , s. 1063-1071
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper reliability investigation results for a power module fully based on silicon carbide (SiC) devices are presented. The module comprises four SiC bipolar junction transistors (BJT) and four SiC diodes in half-bridge configuration and is part of a newly developed 3-phase inverter for construction vehicles as well as for passenger car applications. The reliability investigations include electro-thermal and thermo-mechanical finite element simulations as well as power cycling tests with subsequent failure analyses. Furthermore, a double-sided cooling approach for the SiC BJT power module will be described and its thermal performance compared to the single-sided cooling version.
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| 13. |
- Rieke, Johanna Magdalena, et al.
(författare)
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SLC20A1Is Involved in Urinary Tract and Urorectal Development
- 2020
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. - : FRONTIERS MEDIA SA. - 2296-634X. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous studies in developingXenopusand zebrafish reported that the phosphate transporterslc20a1ais expressed in pronephric kidneys. The recent identification ofSLC20A1as a monoallelic candidate gene for cloacal exstrophy further suggests its involvement in the urinary tract and urorectal development. However, little is known of the functional role ofSLC20A1in urinary tract development. Here, we investigated this using morpholino oligonucleotide knockdown of the zebrafish orthologslc20a1a. This caused kidney cysts and malformations of the cloaca. Moreover, in morphants we demonstrated dysfunctional voiding and hindgut opening defects mimicking imperforate anus in human cloacal exstrophy. Furthermore, we performed immunohistochemistry of an unaffected 6-week-old human embryo and detectedSLC20A1in the urinary tract and the abdominal midline, structures implicated in the pathogenesis of cloacal exstrophy. Additionally, we resequencedSLC20A1in 690 individuals with bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex (BEEC) including 84 individuals with cloacal exstrophy. We identified two additional monoallelicde novovariants. One was identified in a case-parent trio with classic bladder exstrophy, and one additional novelde novovariant was detected in an affected mother who transmitted this variant to her affected son. To study the potential cellular impact ofSLC20A1variants, we expressed them in HEK293 cells. Here, phosphate transport was not compromised, suggesting that it is not a disease mechanism. However, there was a tendency for lower levels of cleaved caspase-3, perhaps implicating apoptosis pathways in the disease. Our results suggestSLC20A1is involved in urinary tract and urorectal development and implicateSLC20A1as a disease-gene for BEEC.
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| 14. |
- Sjöström, David, et al.
(författare)
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The Winding Road to Equal Care : Attitudes and Experiences of Prescribing ADHD Medication among Pediatric Psychiatrists: A Qualitative Study
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601. ; 20:1, s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evidence is lacking on how to understand the reasons for variations, both in prevalence of ADHD and ADHD medication prescribing patterns in children and adolescents, within Region Skåne. These variations are not in line with current national clinical guidelines and seem to have increased over time. This qualitative interview study illuminates pediatric psychiatrists' attitudes toward ADHD and their experiences of prescribing ADHD medication. Eleven pediatric psychiatrists described the complex interplay of variables that they experienced while assessing a child, which had influence on their decision to prescribe medication. Being part of a local unit's culture influenced how ADHD medications were prescribed. They wished that the assessment of the child's symptoms was consistent with guidelines in every unit but noted that such alignment was not implemented. They pointed out that an ADHD diagnosis is dependent on the surrounding's motivation and capacity to adapt to the present state of the child. The participants described how they balanced clinical guidelines with demands from the family, as well as from society at large. Their personal attitudes and clinical experiences towards diagnosing and prescribing medications to children with ADHD influenced their decisions. The study adds information about how attitudes may lead to variation in diagnostics and therapy.
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| 15. |
- Wallén, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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The Experiences of Counsellors Offering Problem-Solving Therapy for Common Mental Health Issues at the Youth Friendship Bench in Zimbabwe
- 2021
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Ingår i: Issues in Mental Health Nursing. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0161-2840 .- 1096-4673. ; 42:9, s. 808-817
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is growing evidence that lay health workers providing counselling is a feasible approach of addressing the universally large treatment gap for mental disorders. This study illuminates the experiences of the counsellors in the Youth Friendship Bench in Zimbabwe, a pilot project where students provide problem-solving therapy to adolescents with common mental disorders. Twelve interviews were analysed using content analysis. The first theme “Working in a meaningful project” describes how the counsellors managed to create an alliance with the clients. The project was perceived as helpful, meaningful and urgent, and the counsellors’ experienced a professional and individual development through the support of the Friendship Bench organization. The second theme “Encountering obstacles” illuminates how counsellors experienced situations where they failed to reach out to clients, felt unprepared and inadequate, and how they combated preconceptions and taboos. In the third theme, “Carrying an emotional burden,” the counsellors described experiences of recognising own problems and empathising with the client.
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| 16. |
- Wang, Ying, et al.
(författare)
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Clonally expanding smooth muscle cells promote atherosclerosis by escaping efferocytosis and activating the complement cascade
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : NATL ACAD SCIENCES. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 117:27, s. 15818-15826
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Atherosclerosis is the process underlying heart attack and stroke. Despite decades of research, its pathogenesis remains unclear. Dogma suggests that atherosclerotic plaques expand primarily via the accumulation of cholesterol and inflammatory cells. However, recent evidence suggests that a substantial portion of the plaque may arise from a subset of "dedifferentiated" vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) which proliferate in a clonal fashion. Herein we use multicolor lineage-tracing models to confirm that the mature SMC can give rise to a hyperproliferative cell which appears to promote inflammation via elaboration of complement-dependent anaphylatoxins. Despite being extensively opsonized with prophagocytic complement fragments, we find that this cell also escapes immune surveillance by neighboring macrophages, thereby exacerbating its relative survival advantage. Mechanistic studies indicate this phenomenon results from a generalized opsoninsensing defect acquired by macrophages during polarization. This defect coincides with the noncanonical up-regulation of so-called don't eat me molecules on inflamed phagocytes, which reduces their capacity for programmed cell removal (PrCR). Knockdown or knockout of the key antiphagocytic molecule CD47 restores the ability of macrophages to sense and clear opsonized targets in vitro, allowing for potent and targeted suppression of clonal SMC expansion in the plaque in vivo. Because integrated clinical and genomic analyses indicate that similar pathways are active in humans with cardiovascular disease, these studies suggest that the clonally expanding SMC may represent a translational target for treating atherosclerosis.
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