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- Meijer, Annelie E., et al.
(författare)
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Dose and time dependent apoptotic response in a human melanoma cell line exposed to accelerated boron ions at four different LET
- 2005
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Ingår i: International Journal of Radiation Biology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0955-3002 .- 1362-3095. ; 81:4, s. 261-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to investigate and compare the influence of linear energy transfer (LET), dose and time on the induction of apoptosis in a human melanoma cell line exposed to accelerated light boron ((10)B) ions and photons. Cells were exposed in vitro to doses up to 6 Gy accelerated boron ions (40, 80, 125 and 160 eV nm(-1)) and up to 12 Gy photons (0.2 eV nm(-1)). The induction of apoptosis was measured up to 9 days after irradiation using morphological characterization of apoptotic cells and bodies. In parallel, measurements of cell-cycle distribution, monitored by DNA flow cytometry, and cell survival based on the clonogenic cell survival assay, were performed. In addition, the induction and repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB), using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) were studied. Accelerated boron ions induced a significant increase in apoptosis as compared with photons at all time points studied. At 1-5 h the percentage of radiation-induced apoptotic cells increased with both dose and LET. At the later time points (24-216 h) the apoptotic response was more complex and did not increase in a strictly LET-dependent manner. The early premitotic apoptotic cells disappeared at 24 h following exposure to the highest LET (160 eV nm(-1)). A postmitotic apoptotic response was seen after release of the dose-, time- and LET-dependent G2/M accumulations. The loss of clonogenic ability was dose- and LET-dependent and the fraction of un-rejoined DSB increased with increasing LET. Despite the LET-dependent clonogenic cell killing, it was not possible to measure quantitatively a LET-dependent apoptotic response. This was due to the different time course of appearance and disappearance of apoptotic cells.
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- Edgren, M, et al.
(författare)
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Angiogenic factors: vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) are not necessarily elevated in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Anticancer research. - 0250-7005. ; 21, s. 1423-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Serum analysis of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (b-FGF) levels were studied in 53 patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Approximately 2/3 of the patients had disseminated disease at diagnosis, the remainder had no evidence of metastases. The results confirmed that VEGF has a major role in the angiogenesis of RCC. No correlation was observed between VEGF and/or b-FGF and the presence or absence of metastases, nor was any correlation observed between VEGF and/or b-FGF and patient survival. Thus, to utilise VEGF and/or b-FGF as a tumour marker at the time of diagnosis to predict patients with a high risk of progression, where an adjuvant therapeutic approach would be of great value, seems to be limited. Not all patients with RCC exhibited elevated serum levels of VEGF and/or b-FGF. No correlation was observed between tumour stage and serum levels of these angiogenic peptides.
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- Edgren, M, et al.
(författare)
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Postoperative radiotherapy after prostatectomy can be associated with severe side effects.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Anticancer research. - 0250-7005. ; 21, s. 2231-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This retrospective study was initiated to evaluate the efficacy and side effects of post-prostatectomy external beam radiation therapy (XRT) with a short time interval between surgery and irradiation in patients with prostate adenocarcinoma. Sixteen patients were investigated. The overall results in this study were 3 deaths due to recurring disease and two relapses after an average follow-up of 60 months. Severe side effects were observed. Two patients required surgical intervention due to severe post-radiotherapy side effects. The reason for this could be the high dose delivered to peripheral organs and/or a too short time interval between surgery and postoperative XRT. The results of this study confirmed that postoperative XRT can improve local control frequency in prostate carcinomas. It is recommended that the time interval between surgery and postoperative radiotherapy should to be 3-6 month.
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- Hjalgrim, H, et al.
(författare)
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Cancer incidence in blood transfusion recipients
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2105 .- 0027-8874. ; 99:24, s. 1864-1874
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Holmqvist, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Patterns and determinants of blood transfusion in intensive care in Sweden between 2010 and 2018: A nationwide, retrospective cohort study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Transfusion. - : Wiley. - 0041-1132 .- 1537-2995. ; 62:6, s. 1188-1198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are transfused with blood products for a number of reasons, from massive ongoing hemorrhage, to mild anemia following blood sampling, combined with bone marrow depression due to critical illness. There's a paucity of data on transfusions in ICUs and most studies are based on audits or surveys. The aim of this study was to provide a complete picture of ICU-related transfusions in Sweden. Methods We conducted a register based retrospective cohort study with data on all adult patient admissions from 82 of 84 Swedish ICUs between 2010 and 2018, as recorded in the Swedish Intensive Care Register. Transfusions were obtained from the SCANDAT-3 database. Descriptive statistics were computed, characterizing transfused and nontransfused patients. The distribution of blood use comparing different ICUs was investigated by computing the observed proportion of ICU stays with a transfusion, as well as the expected proportion. Results In 330,938 ICU episodes analyzed, at least one transfusion was administered for 106,062 (32%). For both red-cell units and plasma, the fraction of patients who were transfused decreased during the study period from 31.3% in 2010 to 24.6% in 2018 for red-cells, and from 16.6% in 2010 to 9.4% in 2018 for plasma. After adjusting for a range of factors, substantial variation in transfusion frequency remained, especially for plasma units. Conclusion Despite continuous decreases in utilization, transfusions remain common among Swedish ICU patients. There is considerable unexplained variation in transfusion rates. More research is needed to establish stronger critiera for when to transfuse ICU patients.
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- Lennernäs, Bo, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Postoperative radiotherapy after prostatectomy--a review
- 2003
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Ingår i: Scand J Urol Nephrol. - 0036-5599. ; 37:1, s. 10-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The management of prostate adenocarcinomas using postoperative irradiation is a controversial question. The purpose of this study was to review the literature on the subject. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 417 articles dealing with postoperative radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy in English literature (1990-2002) were reviewed in aspects of effect on survival, time of irradiation, risk factors, dose and technique and side effects. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: No randomised studies have been performed and therefore no definitive conclusive data can be made concerning the efficiency of the concept. However, postoperative radiotherapy appears to increase local control preferably in pT3/4 prostatic carcinomas with seminal vesicles involvement and/or positive margins and/or high Gleason score and high postoperative PSA level. It has not been shown to improve survival. Severe side effects are reported in a low frequency. However, postoperative irradiation can cause severe side effects and postoperative adjuvant/salvage treatments should be delivered earliest 3-6 months after surgery and the total dose delivered to the prostate bed should be 65-70 Gy. Postoperative radiotherapy induces improved local control in patients with positive surgical margins and in patients with a local relapse, preferably if the tumour is small (i.e. PSA <1-2 ng/mL).
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- Shanwell, A., et al.
(författare)
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Post-transfusion mortality among recipients of ABO-compatible but non-identical plasma
- 2009
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Ingår i: Vox Sanguinis. - : Wiley. - 0042-9007 .- 1423-0410. ; 96:4, s. 316-323
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The consequences of ABO-compatible non-identical plasma for patient outcome have not been studied in randomized clinical trials or large cohort studies and use varies widely in the absence of evidence-based policies. We investigated if transfusion with compatible instead of identical plasma confers any short-term survival disadvantage on the recipients. The cohort of all 86 082 Swedish patients who received their first plasma transfusion between 1990 and 2002 was followed for 14 days and the risk of death in patients exposed to compatible non-identical plasma compared to recipients of only identical plasma. After adjustment for potential confounding factors, there was an increased mortality associated with exposure to ABO-compatible non-identical plasma, with the excess risk mostly confined to those receiving 5 or more units (relative risk, 1.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.29). Stratification by blood group indicated higher risks in group O recipients, especially when the compatible plasma was from a group AB donor. This study suggests that ABO-compatible non-identical plasma is less safe than identical plasma. Subanalyses by blood group suggest a role for circulating immune complexes. Our findings may have policy implications for improving transfusion safety.
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- Andisheh, B., et al.
(författare)
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A Comparative Analysis of Radiobiological Models for Cell Surviving Fractions at High Doses
- 2013
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Ingår i: Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment. - : SAGE Publications. - 1533-0346 .- 1533-0338. ; 12:2, s. 183-192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For many years the linear-quadratic (LQ) model has been widely used to describe the effects of total dose and dose per fraction at low-to-intermediate doses in conventional fractionated radiotherapy. Recent advances in stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) have increased the interest in finding a reliable cell survival model, which will be accurate at high doses, as well. Different models have been proposed for improving descriptions of high dose survival responses, such as the Universal Survival Curve (USC), the Kavanagh-Newman (KN) and several generalizations of the LQ model, e.g. the Linear-Quadratic-Linear (LQL) model and the Pade Linear Quadratic (PLQ) model. The purpose of the present study is to compare a number of models in order to find the best option(s) which could successfully be used as a fractionation correction method in SRT. In this work, six independent experimental data sets were used: CHOAA8 (Chinese hamster fibroblast), H460 (non-small cell lung cancer, NSLC), NCI-H841 (small cell lung cancer, SCLC), CP3 and DU145 (human prostate carcinoma cell lines) and U1690 (SCLC). By detailed comparisons with these measurements, the performance of nine different radiobiological models was examined for the entire dose range, including high doses beyond the shoulder of the survival curves. Using the computed and measured cell surviving fractions, comparison of the goodness-of-fit for all the models was performed by means of the reduced e-test with a 95% confidence interval. The obtained results indicate that models with dose-independent final slopes and extrapolation numbers generally represent better choices for SRT. This is especially important at high doses where the final slope and extrapolation numbers are presently found to play a major role. The PLQ, USC and LQL models have the least number of shortcomings at all doses. The extrapolation numbers and final slopes of these models do not depend on dose. Their asymptotes for the cell surviving fractions are exponentials at low as well as high doses, and this is in agreement with the behaviour of the corresponding experimental data. This is an important improvement over the LQ model which predicts a Gaussian at high doses. Overall and for the highlighted reasons, it was concluded that the PLQ, USC and LQL models are theoretically well-founded. They could prove useful compared to the other proposed radiobiological models in clinical applications for obtaining uniformly accurate cell surviving fractions encountered in stereotactic high-dose radiotherapy as well as at medium and low doses.
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- Cars, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Social integration and exclusion the response of Swedish Society
- 2012
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Ingår i: Social Exclusion in European Cities: Processes, Experiences and Responses. - : Taylor and Francis Inc.. - 9780203346914 - 0117023728 - 9780117023727 ; , s. 253-276
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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