| 1. |
- Axelsson, H, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of Aromatic-hydrocarbons With the DOAS Technique
- 1995
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Ingår i: Applied Spectroscopy. - : SAGE Publications. - 1943-3530 .- 0003-7028. ; 49:9, s. 1254-1260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Long-path DOAS (differential optical absorption spectroscopy) in the ultraviolet spectral region has been shown to be applicable for low-concentration measurements of light aromatic hydrocarbons. However, because of spectral interferences among different aromatics as well as with oxygen, ozone, and sulfur dioxide, the application of the DOAS technique for this group of components is not without problems. This project includes a study of the differential absorption characteristics, between 250 and 280 nm, of twelve light aromatic hydrocarbons representing major constituents in technical solvents used in the automobile industry. Spectral overlapping between the different species, including oxygen, ozone, and sulfur dioxide, has been investigated and related to the chemical structure of the different aromatics. Interference effects in the DOAS application due to spectral overlapping have been investigated both in quantitative and in qualitative terms, with data from a field campaign at a major automobile manufacturing plant.
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| 13. |
- Aldén, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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Two-photon excitation of atomic oxygen in a flame
- 1982
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Ingår i: Optics Communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 0030-4018. ; 42:4, s. 244-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Atomic oxygen has been detected in a lean acetylene/oxygen flame using the 2p43P2-2p33p3P two-photon transition at 226 nm and fluorescence detection at 845 nm.
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| 14. |
- Alehagen, Urban, et al.
(författare)
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Association Between Use of Statins and Mortality in Patients With Heart Failure and Ejection Fraction of greater than= 50%
- 2015
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Ingår i: Circulation Heart Failure. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS and WILKINS. - 1941-3289 .- 1941-3297. ; 8:5, s. 862-870
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is poorly understood, but may involve a systemic proinflammatory state. Therefore, statins might improve outcomes in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction defined as 50%. Methods and Results Of 46 959 unique patients in the prospective Swedish Heart Failure Registry, 9140 patients had heart failure and ejection fraction 50% (age 7711 years, 54.0% women), and of these, 3427 (37.5%) were treated with statins. Propensity scores for statin treatment were derived from 40 baseline variables. The association between statin use and primary (all-cause mortality) and secondary (separately, cardiovascular mortality, and combined all-cause mortality or cardiovascular hospitalization) end points was assessed with Cox regressions in a population matched 1:1 based on age and propensity score. In the matched population, 1-year survival was 85.1% for statin-treated versus 80.9% for untreated patients (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% confidence interval, 0.72-0.89; Pless than0.001). Statins were also associated with reduced cardiovascular death (hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% confidence interval, 0.75-0.98; P=0.026) and composite all-cause mortality or cardiovascular hospitalization (hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.82-0.96; P=0.003). Conclusions In heart failure with ejection fraction 50%, the use of statins was associated with improved outcomes. The mechanisms should be evaluated and the effects tested in a randomized trial.
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| 15. |
- Alehagen, Urban, et al.
(författare)
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Association Between Use of Statins and Outcomes in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction Prospective Propensity Score Matched Cohort Study of 21 864 Patients in the Swedish Heart Failure Registry
- 2015
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Ingår i: Circulation Heart Failure. - : American Heart Association. - 1941-3289 .- 1941-3297. ; 8:2, s. 252-260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background-In heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction, randomized trials of statins did not demonstrate improved outcomes. However, randomized trials may not always be generalizable. The aim was to determine whether statins are associated with improved outcomes in an unselected nationwide population of patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction overall and in relation to ischemic heart disease (IHD). Methods and Results-In the Swedish Heart Failure Registry, 21 864 patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (age +/- SD, 72+/-12 years; 29% women), of whom 10 345 (47%) were treated with statins, were studied. Propensity scores for statin use were derived from 42 baseline variables. The associations between statin use and outcomes were assessed with Cox regressions in a population matched 1: 1 based on propensity score and age and in the overall population with adjustment for propensity score and age. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality; secondary outcomes were cardiovascular mortality; HF hospitalization; and combined all-cause mortality or cardiovascular hospitalization. Survival at 1 year in the matched population was 83% for statin-treated versus 79% for untreated patients (hazard ratio, 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.76-0.86; Pless than0.001). In the unmatched population, 1-year survival was 85% for statin-treated versus 79% for untreated patients, hazard ratio after adjustment for propensity score and age was 0.84 (95% confidence interval, 0.80-0.89; Pless than0.001). No examined baseline variables interacted with statin use except for IHD (P=0.001), with a hazard ratio of 0.76 (95% confidence interval, 0.70-0.82, Pless than0.001) with IHD and 0.95 (95% confidence interval, 0.85-1.07; P=0.430 without IHD. Statin use was also associated with reduced risk for all 3 secondary outcomes. Conclusions-In an unselected nationwide population of patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction, statins were associated with improved outcomes, specifically in the presence of IHD. This contrasts with previous randomized controlled trials. Additional randomized controlled trials with more generalized inclusion or focused on IHD may be warranted.
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| 16. |
- Axelsson, H, et al.
(författare)
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Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) Measurements of Ozone in the 280--290 nm Wavelength Region
- 1990
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Ingår i: Applied Spectroscopy. - : SAGE Publications. - 1943-3530 .- 0003-7028. ; 44:10, s. 1654-1658
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The differential absorption structure of the ozone spectrum between 250 and 330 nm has been investigated in order to determine the optimal wavelength region to be utilized for active differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) measurements. Considering aspects of atmospheric attenuation and interference from other species as well as the magnitude of the differential absorption cross section, an interval around 283 nm was found to be a good candidate for this application. This result was also verified during 12 months of continuous ozone monitoring in an urban environment.
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| 17. |
- Berg, J, et al.
(författare)
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Health-related quality of life and long-term morbidity and mortality in patients hospitalised with systolic heart failure
- 2014
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Ingår i: JRSM cardiovascular disease. - : SAGE Publications. - 2048-0040. ; 3, s. 2048004014548735-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Health-related quality of life has been shown to impact prognosis in chronic heart failure, however with limited long-term follow-up. We analysed data spanning 8–12 years to assess the impact of health-related quality of life using the Nottingham Health Profile on first hospitalisation and mortality, for cardiovascular and all causes. Methods We included 208 patients aged ≥60 years with New York Heart Association class II–IV and left ventricular systolic dysfunction hospitalised in Stockholm during 1996–99. Data on hospital admissions, discharge diagnoses and date and cause of death were collected from administrative databases and medical records until 2007. Cox proportional hazard models were employed to analyse the time to event for mortality and hospitalisations. Results Mean age was 76 years, 58% were male and mean ejection fraction was 34%. Median survival was 4.6 years (range 6 days–11.9 years); 148 patients died. All-cause and cardiovascular mortality were determined by physical mobility (by Nottingham Health Profile), age, gender, diuretic dose and haemoglobin level. Glomerular filtration rate was significant for all-cause mortality, while atrioventricular plane displacement was predictive of cardiovascular mortality. Median time to first all-cause and cardiovascular hospitalisation was 5.7 and 11.2 months, respectively. Time to first all-cause hospitalisation was determined by physical mobility, emotional reactions, age, gender and haemoglobin level, while only physical mobility and diuretic dose predicted time to first cardiovascular hospitalisation. Conclusions In conclusion, in patients with systolic chronic heart failure, physical mobility as part of health-related quality of life is an independent prognostic marker for cardiovascular and all-cause readmissions and mortality over 12 years.
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| 20. |
- Bergström, Anders, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of carvedilol on diastolic function in patients with diastolic heart failure and preserved systolic function. Results of the Swedish Doppler-echocardiographic study (SWEDIC)
- 2004
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Ingår i: Eur J Heart Fail. - : Wiley. - 1388-9842 .- 1879-0844. ; 6:4, s. 453-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of carvedilol on diastolic function (DF) in heart failure patients with preserved left ventricular (LV) systolic function and abnormal DF. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We randomised 113 patients with diastolic heart failure (DHF) (symptomatic, with normal systolic LV function and abnormal DF) into a double blind multi-centre study. The patients received either carvedilol or matching placebo in addition to conventional treatment. After uptitration, treatment was continued for 6 months. Two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography were used for quantification of LV function at baseline and at follow-up. Four different DF variables were evaluated by Doppler echocardiography: mitral flow E:A ratio, deceleration time (DT), isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) and the ratio of systolic/diastolic pulmonary venous flow velocity (pv-S/D). Primary endpoint was change in the integrated quantitative assessment of all four variables during the study. RESULTS: Ninety-seven patients completed the study. A mitral flow pattern reflecting a relaxation abnormality was recorded in 95 patients. There was no effect on the primary endpoint, although a trend towards a better effect in carvedilol treated patients was noticed in patients with heart rates above 71 beats per minute. At the end of the study, there was a statistically significant improvement in E:A ratio in patients treated with carvedilol (0.72 to 0.83) vs. placebo (0.71 to 0.76), P<0.05. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with carvedilol resulted in a significant improvement in E:A ratio in patients with heart failure due to a LV relaxation abnormality. E:A ratio was found to be the most useful variable to identify diastolic dysfunction in this patient population. This effect was observed particularly in patients with higher heart rates at baseline.
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| 25. |
- Edner, Anna H., et al.
(författare)
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Metabolism before, during and after anaesthesia in colic and healthy horses
- 2007
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Ingår i: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-605X .- 1751-0147. ; 49:1, s. 34-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Many colic horses are compromised due to the disease state and from hours of starvation and sometimes long trailer rides. This could influence their muscle energy reserves and affect the horses' ability to recover. The principal aim was to follow metabolic parameter before, during, and up to 7 days after anaesthesia in healthy horses and in horses undergoing abdominal surgery due to colic. Methods: 20 healthy horses given anaesthesia alone and 20 colic horses subjected to emergency abdominal surgery were anaesthetised for a mean of 228 minutes and 183 minutes respectively. Blood for analysis of haematology, electrolytes, cortisol, creatine kinase (CK), free fatty acids (FFA), glycerol, glucose and lactate was sampled before, during, and up to 7 days after anaesthesia. Arterial and venous blood gases were obtained before, during and up to 8 hours after recovery. Gluteal muscle biopsy specimens for biochemical analysis of muscle metabolites were obtained at start and end of anaesthesia and 1 h and 1 day after recovery. Results: Plasma cortisol, FFA, glycerol, glucose, lactate and CK were elevated and serum phosphate and potassium were lower in colic horses before anaesthesia. Muscle adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content was low in several colic horses. Anaesthesia and surgery resulted in a decrease in plasma FFA and glycerol in colic horses whereas levels increased in healthy horses. During anaesthesia muscle and plasma lactate and plasma phosphate increased in both groups. In the colic horses plasma lactate increased further after recovery. Plasma FFA and glycerol increased 8 h after standing in the colic horses. In both groups, plasma concentrations of CK increased and serum phosphate decreased post-anaesthesia. On Day 7 most parameters were not different between groups. Colic horses lost on average 8% of their initial weight. Eleven colic horses completed the study. Conclusion: Colic horses entered anaesthesia with altered metabolism and in a negative oxygen balance. Muscle oxygenation was insufficient during anaesthesia in both groups, although to a lesser extent in the healthy horses. The post-anaesthetic period was associated with increased lipolysis and weight loss in the colic horses, indicating a negative energy balance during the first week post-operatively.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Edner, A, et al.
(författare)
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Heart rate variability in infants with apparent life-threatening events.
- 2000
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 89:11, s. 1326-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heart rate variability (HRV) is often used as an index of sympatho-vagal balance. A decreased HRV has been observed in patients with central hypoventilation and in infants who have later succumbed to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether HRV is altered in infants with apparent life-threatening events (ALTE), a group with an increased risk of SIDS. Fifty infants with ALTE were compared with 50 age- and sex-matched controls. ECG was recorded overnight in all infants. Two sequences of RR intervals free of artefacts were selected from each sleep state and spectral analysis of RR variability was performed. The mean and SD of RR and the low (LFPow) and high (HFPow) frequency power were analysed. In active sleep (AS) the LF/HF ratio was lower in ALTE infants, but no differences were seen in either the LFPow or the HFPow. In quiet sleep (QS), however, ALTE infants had higher SD-RR (p = 0.006), greater HFPow (p = 0.02) and VLFPow (very low frequency power, p = 0.02) than the control infants. The same results were seen when the two sleep states were combined for analysis, ALTE infants had higher SD-RR (p = 0.004), HFPow (p = 0.006) and VLFPow (p = 0.04). Conclusion: The different HRV pattern in ALTE infants compared to healthy controls suggests an altered autonomic control.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Edner, A., et al.
(författare)
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Why do ALTE infants not die in SIDS?
- 2007
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatr. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 96:2, s. 191-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To compare known risk factors for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) amongst infants with apparent life threatening events (ALTE) with their matched controls, and ALTE infants who subsequently died of SIDS with infants surviving an ALTE. METHODS: Questionnaires with replies were obtained from 58 ALTE infants and 56 sex and age matched ALTE control infants. 244 SIDS cases and 868 SIDS controls were used as comparison. RESULTS: The incidence of ALTE was found to be 1.9% among SIDS controls, but 7.4% among infants who later on died of SIDS. The parents sought medical advice in 0.9% vs 3.7%. ALTE infants did not differ from their matched controls. In the ALTE group 13.3% of the survivors had the combination of prone sleeping and maternal smoking compared with 33.3% of those who became SIDS victims. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show some major differences between the ALTE infants and SIDS victims not supporting that these conditions belong to the same entity. However, we cannot exclude the possibility that there is a subpopulation of ALTE infants who did not die in SIDS due to that they were sleeping on the back and not exposed to nicotine.
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| 30. |
- Edner, H, et al.
(författare)
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Atmospheric atomic mercury monitoring using differential absorption lidar techniques
- 1989
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Ingår i: Applied Optics. - 2155-3165. ; 28:5, s. 921-930
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three-dimensional mapping of atmospheric atomic mercury has been performed with lidar techniques, to our knowledge, for the first time. Industrial pollution monitoring, as well as measurements of background concentrations, is reported. High-efficiency frequency doubling of narrowband pulsed dye laser radiation was employed to generate intense radiation at the mercury UV resonance line. Field measurements were supplemented with extensive laboratory investigations of absorption cross sections and interfering lines of molecular oxygen.
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| 31. |
- Edner, H, et al.
(författare)
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Atmospheric Mercury Mapping In A Cinnabar Mining Area
- 1993
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - 1879-1026. ; 133:1-2, s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A mobile differential absorption lidar system was used in conjunction with point monitors to study the spatial and temporal distribution of atomic mercury in the atmosphere around an abandoned mercury mine at Abbadia S. Salvatore, Italy. The use of the remote sensing technique allows a fast coverage of large areas both horizontally and vertically with a good temporal resolution. Concentrations exceeding 1000 ng/m3 were measured close to the distillation plant and considerably elevated values also were evident above deposits of roasted cinnabar. Vertical gradients of the mercury concentration in air were established. These showed a very pronounced decrease a few centimeters above the ground.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Edner, H, et al.
(författare)
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Differential Absorption Lidar Mapping of Atmospheric Atomic Mercury In Italian Geothermal Fields
- 1992
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Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research. - 2156-2202. ; 97:D4, s. 3779-3786
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Results from extensive lidar measurements on atmospheric atomic mercury in Italian geothermal fields are reported. A mobile differential absorption lidar system operating on the 254-nm mercury resonance line with a measuring range of about 1 km was used in mineralized as well as nonmineralized areas. Measurements were performed at geothermal power stations and in an unexploited field with natural surface geothermic manifestations. Atomic mercury concentrations ranging from 2 to 1000 ng/m3 were mapped. The high Italian geothermal mercury concentrations are in strong contrast to the recent lidar finding of the absence of atomic mercury in Icelandic geothermal fields.
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| 34. |
- Edner, H, et al.
(författare)
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Differential Optical-absorption Spectroscopy (doas) System For Urban Atmospheric-pollution Monitoring
- 1993
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Ingår i: Optical Society of America. Journal B: Optical Physics. - 0740-3224. ; 32:3, s. 327-333
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe a fully computer-controlled differential optical absorption spectroscopy system for atmospheric air pollution monitoring. A receiving optical telescope can sequentially tune in to light beams from a number of distant high-pressure Xe lamp light sources to cover the area of a medium-sized city. A beam-finding servosystem and automatic gain control permit unattended long-time monitoring. Using an astronomical code, we can also search and track celestial sources. Selected wavelength regions are rapidly and repetitively swept by a monochromator to sensitively record the atmospheric absorption spectrum while avoiding the detrimental effects of atmospheric turbulence. By computer fitting to stored laboratory spectra, we can evaluate the path-averaged concentration of a number of important pollutants such as NO2, SO2, and O3. A measurement of NH3 and NO close to the UV limit is also demonstrated.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Edner, H, et al.
(författare)
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Fluorescence Lidar Multicolor Imaging of Vegetation
- 1994
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Ingår i: Optical Society of America. Journal B: Optical Physics. - 0740-3224. ; 33:13, s. 2471-2479
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multicolor imaging of vegetation fluorescence following laser excitation is reported for distances of 50 m. A mobile laser-radar system equipped with a Nd:YAG laser transmitter and a 40-cm-diameter telescope was utilized. The laser light was Raman shifted to 397 nm with pulse energies of approximately 30 mJ. An image-intensified CCD camera with a specially designed split-mirror Cassegrainian telescope was utilized for the simultaneous recording of fluorescence images of leaves and branches in four different spectral bands. Additionally, fluorescence spectra at selected points within the detection area were measured with an image-intensified diode array system. Image processing permits extraction of information related to the physiological status of the vegetation and might prove useful in forest decline research.
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| 38. |
- Edner, H, et al.
(författare)
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Gas-correlation lidar
- 1984
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Ingår i: Optics Letters. - 0146-9592. ; 9:11, s. 493-495
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Basic principles for the extension of gas-correlation techniques to the lidar situation are discussed. Favorable signal-to-noise ratios and relaxed laser requirements characterize the technique. Preliminary experiments on atomic mercury are reported.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Edner, H, et al.
(författare)
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Lidar Measurements of Atmospheric Mercury
- 1991
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Ingår i: Water, Air and Soil Pollution. - 1573-2932. ; 56, s. 131-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mercury is the only atmospheric pollutant that is present in the atmosphere in atomic form. The optical resonance line at 254 nm can be used for absorption measurements using different optical remote sensing techniques. Range-resolved Hg mapping can be performed using the differential absorption lidar (DIAL) technique. We have used the lidar technique both for mapping of industrial plumes and for background concentration measurements. Our studies also include Hg of geophysical origin.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Edner, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Association between renin-angiotensin system antagonist use and mortality in heart failure with severe renal insufficiency: a prospective propensity score-matched cohort study
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 36:34, s. 2318-2326
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims In heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (EF), renin-angiotensin receptor (RAS) antagonists reduce mortality. However, severe renal insufficiency was an exclusion criterion in trials. We tested the hypothesis that RAS antagonists are associated with reduced mortality also in HF with severe renal insufficiency. Methods and results We studied patients with EF less than= 39% registered in the prospective Swedish Heart Failure Registry. In patients with creatinine greater than221 mu mol/L or creatinine clearance less than30 mL/min, propensity scores for RAS-antagonist use were derived from 36 variables. The association between RAS antagonist use and all-cause mortality was assessed with Cox regression in a cohort matched 1:1 based on age and propensity score. To assess consistency, we performed the same analysis as a positive control in patients without severe renal insufficiency. Between 2000 and 2013, there were 24 283 patients of which 2410 [age, mean (SD), 82 (9), 45% women] had creatinine greater than221 mu mol/L or creatinine clearance less than30 mL/min and were treated (n = 1602) or not treated (n = 808) with RAS antagonists. In the matched cohort of 602 vs. 602 patients [age 83 (8), 42% women], RAS antagonist use was associated with 55% [95% confidence interval (CI) 51-59] vs. 45% (41-49) 1-year survival, P less than 0.001, with a hazard ratio (HR) for mortality of 0.76 (95% CI 0.67-0.86, P less than 0.001). In positive control patients without severe renal insufficiency [n = 21 873; age 71 (12), 27% women], the matched HR was 0.79 (95% CI 0.72-0.86, P less than 0.001). Conclusion In HF with severe renal insufficiency, the use of RAS antagonists was associated with lower all-cause mortality. Prospective randomized trials are needed before these findings can be applied to clinical practice.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Eklind-Cervenka, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Association of Candesartan vs Losartan With All-Cause Mortality in Patients With Heart Failure
- 2011
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Ingår i: JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. - : Ama American Medical Association. - 0098-7484 .- 1538-3598. ; 305:2, s. 175-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) reduce combined mortality and hospitalization in patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Different agents have different affinity for the AT(1) receptor and may have different clinical effects, but have not been tested against each other in HF. Objective To assess the association of candesartan vs losartan with all-cause mortality in patients with HF. Design, Setting, and Patients An HF registry (the Swedish Heart Failure Registry) of 30 254 unique patients registered from 62 hospitals and 60 outpatient clinics between 2000 and 2009. A total of 5139 patients (mean [SD] age, 74 [11] years; 39% women) were treated with candesartan (n=2639) or losartan (n=2500). Survival as of December 14, 2009, by ARB agent was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method and predictors of survival determined by univariate and multivariate proportional hazard regression models, with and without adjustment for propensity scores and interactions. Stratified analyses and quantification of residual confounding were also performed. Main Outcome Measures All-cause mortality at 1 and 5 years. Results One-year survival was 90% (95% confidence interval [CI], 89%-91%) for patients receiving candesartan and 83% (95% CI, 81%-84%) for patients receiving losartan, and 5-year survival was 61% (95% CI, 54%-68%) and 44% (95% CI, 41%-48%), respectively (log-rank Pandlt;.001). In multivariate analysis with adjustment for propensity scores, the hazard ratio for mortality for losartan compared with candesartan was 1.43 (95% CI, 1.23-1.65; Pandlt;.001). The results persisted in stratified analyses. Conclusion In this registry of patients with HF, the use of candesartan compared with losartan was associated with a lower mortality risk.
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