| 1. |
- Aad, G, et al.
(författare)
-
- 2015
-
swepub:Mat__t
|
|
| 2. |
- Rajewsky, N., et al.
(författare)
-
LifeTime and improving European healthcare through cell-based interceptive medicine
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 587:7834, s. 377-386
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- LifeTime aims to track, understand and target human cells during the onset and progression of complex diseases and their response to therapy at single-cell resolution. This mission will be implemented through the development and integration of single-cell multi-omics and imaging, artificial intelligence and patient-derived experimental disease models during progression from health to disease. Analysis of such large molecular and clinical datasets will discover molecular mechanisms, create predictive computational models of disease progression, and reveal new drug targets and therapies. Timely detection and interception of disease embedded in an ethical and patient-centered vision will be achieved through interactions across academia, hospitals, patient-associations, health data management systems and industry. Applying this strategy to key medical challenges in cancer, neurological, infectious, chronic inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases at the single-cell level will usher in cell-based interceptive medicine in Europe over the next decade.
|
|
| 3. |
- Anderson, J. L., et al.
(författare)
-
The Fishery Performance Indicators: A Management Tool for Triple Bottom Line Outcomes
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 10:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pursuit of the triple bottom line of economic, community and ecological sustainability has increased the complexity of fishery management; fisheries assessments require new types of data and analysis to guide science-based policy in addition to traditional biological information and modeling. We introduce the Fishery Performance Indicators (FPIs), a broadly applicable and flexible tool for assessing performance in individual fisheries, and for establishing cross-sectional links between enabling conditions, management strategies and triple bottom line outcomes. Conceptually separating measures of performance, the FPIs use 68 individual outcome metrics-coded on a 1 to 5 scale based on expert assessment to facilitate application to data poor fisheries and sectors-that can be partitioned into sectorbased or triple-bottom-line sustainability-based interpretative indicators. Variation among outcomes is explained with 54 similarly structured metrics of inputs, management approaches and enabling conditions. Using 61 initial fishery case studies drawn from industrial and developing countries around the world, we demonstrate the inferential importance of tracking economic and community outcomes, in addition to resource status.
|
|
| 4. |
- Geser, F, et al.
(författare)
-
The European Multiple System Atrophy-Study Group (EMSA-SG)
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Journal of Neural Transmission. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0300-9564 .- 1435-1463. ; 112:12, s. 1677-1686
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction. The European Multiple System Atrophy-Study Group (EMSA-SG) is an academic network comprising 23 centers across Europe and Israel that has constituted itself already in January 1999. This international forum of established experts under the guidance of the University Hospital of Innsbruck as coordinating center is supported by the 5th framework program of the European Union since March 2001 (QLK6-CT-2000-00661). Objectives. Primary goals of the network include (1) a central Registry for European multiple system atrophy (MSA) patients, (2) a decentralized DNA Bank, (3) the development and validation of the novel Unified MSA Rating Scale (UMSARS), (4) the conduction of a Natural History Study (NHS), and (5) the planning or implementation of interventional therapeutic trials. Methods. The EMSA-SG Registry is a computerized data bank localized at the coordinating centre in Innsbruck collecting diagnostic and therapeutic data of MSA patients. Blood samples of patients and controls are recruited into the DNA Bank. The UMSARS is a novel specific rating instrument that has been developed and validated by the EMSA-SG. The NHS comprises assessments of basic anthropometric data as well as a range of scales including the UMSARS, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), measures of global disability, Red Flag list, MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination), quality of live measures, i.e. EuroQoL 5D (EQ-5D) and Medical Outcome Study Short Form (SF-36) as well as the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). In a subgroup of patients dysautonomic features are recorded in detail using the Queen Square Cardiovascular Autonomic Function Test Battery, the Composite Autonomic Symptom Scale (COMPASS) and measurements of residual urinary volume. Most of these measures are repeated at 6-monthly follow up visits for a total study period of 24 months. Surrogate markers of the disease progression are identified by the EMSA-SG using magnetic resonance and diffusion weighted imaging (MRI and DWI, respectively). Results. 412 patients have been recruited into the Registry so far. Probable MSA-P was the most common diagnosis (49% of cases). 507 patients donated DNA for research. 131 patients have been recruited into the NHS. There was a rapid deterioration of the motor disorder (in particular akinesia) by 26.1% of the UMSARS II, and - to a lesser degree - of activities of daily living by 16.8% of the UMSARS I in relation to the respective baseline scores. Motor progression was associated with low motor or global disability as well as low akinesia or cerebellar subscores at baseline. Mental function did not deteriorate during this short follow up period. Conclusion. For the first time, prospective data concerning disease progression are available. Such data about the natural history and prognosis of MSA as well as surrogate markers of disease process allow planning and implementation of multi-centre phase II/III neuroprotective intervention trials within the next years more effectively. Indeed, a trial on growth hormone in MSA has just been completed, and another on minocycline will be completed by the end of this year.
|
|
| 5. |
- Asche, F., et al.
(författare)
-
Fisheries performance in Africa: An analysis based on data from 14 countries
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Marine Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0308-597X. ; 125
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Fishery Performance Indicators is a data collection tool that allows collection of comparable fisheries data in the environmental, economic and community pillars even under data poor circumstances. In this paper, data collected for 35 fisheries in 14 African countries are analyzed and compared to global averages. Similar to a previous global analysis, the different pillars of sustainability were positively correlated. The results are even more pronounced for Africa than globally. The only exception is the relationship between environment and community pillars in Africa, which is statistically insignificant, and this is also the case for open access fisheries globally. The average scores in Africa are lower than global average scores in all dimensions, which is not unexpected given the high number of open access fisheries. However, factors that are not fisheries specific may be more important for this result, suggesting that a country's governance, economic conditions, and development status are important for fisheries performance. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
|
|
| 6. |
- Brooks, D J, et al.
(författare)
-
Treatment of end-of-dose wearing-off in Parkinson's disease: Stalevo (R) (levodopa/carbidopa/entacapone) and levodopa/DDCI given in combination with Comtess (R)/Comtan (R) (Entacapone) provide equivalent improvements in symptom control superior to that of traditional levodopa/DDCI treatment
- 2005
-
Ingår i: European Neurology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9913 .- 0014-3022. ; 53:4, s. 197-202
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the new optimised levoclopa, Stalevo(R) (levoclopa, carbidopa and entacapone) in patients with Parkinson's disease experiencing end-of-close wearing-off. Treatment with Stalevo was compared to treatment with traditional immediate-release levodopa and dopa-decarboxylase inhibitor (DDCl) formulations along with adjunct entacapone (Comtess(R)/Comtan(R)). A European, open, parallel-group, active treatment-controlled phase IIIb study evaluating 176 patients randomised to switch from their current regimen of levodopa/DDCl to either an equivalent dose of Stalevo or levodopa/DDCl plus entacapone. After 6 weeks, treatments were assessed using the Clinical Global Impression of Change, the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale and a Motor Fluctuations Questionnaire. Over 70% of patients in both the Stalevo, and adjunct entacapone arms felt that they were clinically improved and over 80% experienced a reduction in fluctuations. Although there was no significant difference between Stalevo and levodopa/DDCl plus entacapone with regard to motor improvement and side effects, 81% of patients stated that they preferred treatment with Stalevo compared with taking two separate tablets (i.e. levodopa/DDCl and entacapone). Stalevo was well tolerated and safe when substituted for levodopa DDCl preparations.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
- Schrag, A, et al.
(författare)
-
Health-related quality of life in multiple system atrophy
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Movement Disorders. - : Wiley. - 0885-3185. ; 21:6, s. 809-815
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a neurodegenerative disorder leading to progressive disability and decreased life expectancy, little is known about patients' own evaluation of their illness and factors associated with poor health-related quality of life (Hr-QoL). We, therefore, assessed Hr-QoL and its determinants in MSA. The following scales were applied to 115 patients in the European MSA-Study Group (EMSA-SG) Natural History Study: Medical Outcome Study Short Form (SF-36), EQ-513, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Mini-Mental state examination (MMSE), Unified MSA Rating Scale (UMSARS), Hoehn & Yahr (H&Y) Parkinson's disease staging scale, Composite Autonomic Symptom Scale (COMPASS), and Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS). Forty-six percent of patients had moderate to severe depression (BDI >= 17); Hr-QoL scores on the SF-36 and EQ-5D were significantly impaired. Pain, the only domain with similar scores in MSA and published PD patients, was reported more frequently in patients with MSA-P (predominantly parkinsonian motor subtype) than MSA-C (predominantly cerebellar motor subtype; 76% vs. 50%; P = 0.005). Hr-QoL scores correlated most strongly with UMSARS motor, COMPASS, and BDI scores but not with MMSE scores, age at onset, or disease duration. The COMPASS and UMSARS activities of daily living scores were moderate-to-strong predictors for the SF-36 physical summary score and the BDI and UMSARS motor scores for the SF-36 mental summary score. This report is the first study to show that Hr-QoL is significantly impaired in MSA. Although not all possible factors related to impaired Hr-QoL in MSA could be assessed, autonomic dysfunction, motor impairment, and depression were most closely associated with poor Hr-QoL, and therapeutic management, therefore, should concentrate upon these aspects of the disease. (c) 2006 Movement Disorder Society.
|
|
| 12. |
- Volkmann, J, et al.
(författare)
-
Selecting deep brain stimulation or infusion therapies in advanced Parkinson's disease : an evidence-based review
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Neurology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-5354 .- 1432-1459. ; 260:11, s. 2701-2714
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Motor complications in Parkinson’s disease (PD) result from the short half-life and irregular plasma fluctuations of oral levodopa. When strategies of providing more continuous dopaminergic stimulation by adjusting oral medication fail, patients may be candidates for one of three device-aided therapies: deep brain stimulation (DBS), continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusion, or continuous duodenal/jejunal levodopa/carbidopa pump infusion (DLI). These therapies differ in their invasiveness, side-effect profile, and the need for nursing care. So far, very few comparative studies have evaluated the efficacy of the three device-aided therapies for specific motor problems in advanced PD. As a result, neurologists currently lack guidance as to which therapy could be most appropriate for a particular PD patient. A group of experts knowledgeable in all three therapies reviewed the currently available literature for each treatment and identified variables of clinical relevance for choosing one of the three options such as type of motor problems, age, and cognitive and psychiatric status. For each scenario, pragmatic and (if available) evidence-based recommendations are provided as to which patients could be candidates for either DBS, DLI, or subcutaneous apomorphine.
|
|
| 13. |
- Abou-Zeid, Nancy, et al.
(författare)
-
Towards a cancer mission in Horizon Europe: recommendations
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Molecular Oncology. - : Wiley Open Access. - 1878-0261 .- 1574-7891. ; 14:8, s. 1589-1615
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A comprehensive translational cancer research approach focused on personalized and precision medicine, and covering the entire cancer research–care–prevention continuum has the potential to achieve in 2030 a 10-year cancer-specific survival for 75% of patients diagnosed in European Union (EU) member states with a well-developed healthcare system. Concerted actions across this continuum that spans from basic and preclinical research through clinical and prevention research to outcomes research, along with the establishment of interconnected high-quality infrastructures for translational research, clinical and prevention trials and outcomes research, will ensure that science-driven and social innovations benefit patients and individuals at risk across the EU. European infrastructures involving comprehensive cancer centres (CCCs) and CCC-like entities will provide researchers with access to the required critical mass of patients, biological materials and technological resources and can bridge research with healthcare systems. Here, we prioritize research areas to ensure a balanced research portfolio and provide recommendations for achieving key targets. Meeting these targets will require harmonization of EU and national priorities and policies, improved research coordination at the national, regional and EU level and increasingly efficient and flexible funding mechanisms. Long-term support by the EU and commitment of Member States to specialized schemes are also needed for the establishment and sustainability of trans-border infrastructures and networks. In addition to effectively engaging policymakers, all relevant stakeholders within the entire continuum should consensually inform policy through evidence-based advice.
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
- Eggert, J, et al.
(författare)
-
Socioeconomic factors, country of birth, and years in Sweden are associated with first birth fertility trends during the 1990s: a national cohort study
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 34:5, s. 504-514
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Decreasing fertility rates and postponement of first birth are of considerable public health concern in many industrialized countries. Previous studies suggest that this will increase involuntary childlessness in the population. The general aim was to examine the association between sociodemographic factors and first birth fertility trends in Sweden during the 1990s. Methods: This Swedish national study examined changes in first birth rates and mean age at first birth between 1991 and 1992 (n=452,000) and 1997—98 (n=495,756). The impact of socioeconomic factors and years in Sweden on first birth fertility was examined among Swedish-born and 19 subgroups of foreign-born women aged 20—41 years. Poisson regression was used in the analysis. Results: First birth rates decreased and mean age at first birth increased between the two periods among the Swedish-born and most foreign-born women. Non-employment and low income were associated with decreased first birth fertility, and low educational status was associated with slightly increased first birth fertility. Interaction tests revealed that, in contrast to Swedish-born women, several groups of foreign-born women increased their first birth fertility even if they were non-employed or had a low income. Among foreign-born women fewer years in Sweden was significantly associated with increased first birth fertility. Conclusion: Public health information should emphasize that postponement of first birth could lead to involuntary childlessness. Health care workers need to consider the woman's socioeconomic characteristics, country of birth, and years in Sweden when such information is given.
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
- Gamble, LD, et al.
(författare)
-
A G316A Polymorphism in the Ornithine Decarboxylase Gene Promoter Modulates MYCN-Driven Childhood Neuroblastoma
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Cancers. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6694. ; 13:8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC1), a critical regulatory enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis, is a direct transcriptional target of MYCN, amplification of which is a powerful marker of aggressive neuroblastoma. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), G316A, within the first intron of ODC1, results in genotypes wildtype GG, and variants AG/AA. CRISPR-cas9 technology was used to investigate the effects of AG clones from wildtype MYCN-amplified SK-N-BE(2)-C cells and the effect of the SNP on MYCN binding, and promoter activity was investigated using EMSA and luciferase assays. AG clones exhibited decreased ODC1 expression, growth rates, and histone acetylation and increased sensitivity to ODC1 inhibition. MYCN was a stronger transcriptional regulator of the ODC1 promoter containing the G allele, and preferentially bound the G allele over the A. Two neuroblastoma cohorts were used to investigate the clinical impact of the SNP. In the study cohort, the minor AA genotype was associated with improved survival, while poor prognosis was associated with the GG genotype and AG/GG genotypes in MYCN-amplified and non-amplified patients, respectively. These effects were lost in the GWAS cohort. We have demonstrated that the ODC1 G316A polymorphism has functional significance in neuroblastoma and is subject to allele-specific regulation by the MYCN oncoprotein.
|
|
| 20. |
- Nevéus, Tryggve, et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluation of and treatment for monosymptomatic enuresis : a standardization document from the International Children's Continence Society
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of Urology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0022-5347 .- 1527-3792. ; 183:2, s. 441-447
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: We provide updated, clinically useful recommendations for treating children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Evidence was gathered from the literature and experience was gathered from the authors with priority given to evidence when present. The draft document was circulated among all members of the International Children's Continence Society as well as other relevant expert associations before completion. RESULTS: Available evidence suggests that children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis could primarily be treated by a primary care physician or an adequately educated nurse. The mainstays of primary evaluation are a proper history and a voiding chart. The mainstays of primary therapy are bladder advice, the enuresis alarm and/or desmopressin. Therapy resistant cases should be handled by a specialist doctor. Among the recommended second line therapies are anticholinergics and in select cases imipramine. CONCLUSIONS: Enuresis in a child older than 5 years is not a trivial condition, and needs proper evaluation and treatment. This requires time but usually does not demand costly or invasive procedures.
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
- Wenning, Gregor K., et al.
(författare)
-
The natural history of multiple system atrophy: a prospective European cohort study
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Lancet Neurology. - 1474-4465. ; 12:3, s. 264-274
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a fatal and still poorly understood degenerative movement disorder that is characterised by autonomic failure, cerebellar ataxia, and parkinsonism in various combinations. Here we present the final analysis of a prospective multicentre study by the European MSA Study Group to investigate the natural history of MSA. Methods Patients with a clinical diagnosis of MSA were recruited and followed up clinically for 2 years. Vital status was ascertained 2 years after study completion. Disease progression was assessed using the unified MSA rating scale (UMSARS), a disease-specific questionnaire that enables the semiquantitative rating of autonomic and motor impairment in patients with MSA. Additional rating methods were applied to grade global disease severity, autonomic symptoms, and quality of life. Survival was calculated using a Kaplan-Meier analysis and predictors were identified in a Cox regression model. Group differences were analysed by parametric tests and non-parametric tests as appropriate. Sample size estimates were calculated using a paired two-group t test. Findings 141 patients with moderately severe disease fulfilled the consensus criteria for MSA. Mean age at symptom onset was 56.2 (SD 8.4) years. Median survival from symptom onset as determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis was 9.8 years (95% CI 8.1-11.4). The parkinsonian variant of MSA (hazard ratio [HR] 2.08,95% CI 1.09-3.97; p=0.026) and incomplete bladder emptying (HR 2.10,1.02-4.30; p=0.044) predicted shorter survival. 24-month progression rates of UMSARS activities of daily living, motor examination, and total scores were 49% (9.4 [SD 5.9]), 74% (12.9 [8.5]), and 57% (21.9 [11.9]), respectively, relative to baseline scores. Autonomic symptom scores progressed throughout the follow-up. Shorter symptom duration at baseline (OR 0.68, 0.5-0.9; p=0.006) and absent levodopa response (OR 3.4, 1.1-10.2; p=0.03) predicted rapid UMSARS progression. Sample size estimation showed that an interventional trial with 258 patients (129 per group) would be able to detect a 30% effect size in 1-year UMSARS motor examination decline rates at 80% power. Interpretation Our prospective dataset provides new insights into the evolution of MSA based on a follow-up period that exceeds that of previous studies. It also represents a useful resource for patient counselling and planning of multicentre trials.
|
|
