| 1. |
- Fägerskiöld, Astrid, 1942-, et al.
(författare)
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Expectations of the child health nurse in Sweden : two perspectives
- 2003
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Ingår i: International Nursing Review. - : Wiley. - 0020-8132 .- 1466-7657. ; 50:2, s. 119-128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: the child health service exists to support and stimulate parents in order to reduce stress and to encourage an advantageous development of the preschool child.Aim: To explore and describe similarities and differences in expectations of the child health nurse, from the perspective of the recently delivered first-time mother, as compared to an expression of what the child health nurse believed mothers of infants expected of them. The data consisted of 15 interviews with child health nurses and 20 interviews with first-time mothers. Thematic content analysis resulted in seven categories of expectations. The child health nurse was expected to be someone to approach, who could assess the child's development and give immunizations and to be a supporter, counsellor, safety provider and a parent group organizer with knowledge. Similarities between the mothers’ and the nurses’ statements occurred more frequently than differences, which is suggested to depend on the Swedish tradition among new mothers of visiting the child health clinic. The mothers expected participation in parent groups to a higher degree than the nurses thought they did. Child health nurses who fulfil the mothers’ expectations appear to require a good relationship with the mother in order to find out what she desires, which the allocation of sufficient time for regular meetings, will facilitate. Moreover, the nurse requires knowledge about children's requirements and the transition to motherhood as well as the father's important role.
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| 2. |
- Fägerskiöld, Astrid, 1942-, et al.
(författare)
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The view of the child health nurse among mothers
- 2003
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 17:2, s. 160-168
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this exploratory study was to investigate mothers' experiences of their encounters with the child health (CH) nurse. A cross-sectional design was used for the study, based on data from 140 mothers gathered by the critical incident technique. The analysis was accomplished by a thematic content analysis, using inductive reasoning in three steps. Symbolic interactionism was used as a frame of reference. The results suggest that the central factor in the encounter between mother and nurse is that they are able to share the realm of motherhood, meaning that the nurse is open and willing to share all types of emotions, experiences and attitudes related to being a mother. Given this basis, other important factors are the supply of sound advice and practical interventions, and that the nurse is reassuring and accessible. The majority of the participating mothers had experienced CH nurses who had provided them with valuable support during troublesome incidents. However, there were also several dissatisfied mothers who had expected support but thought they received insulting treatment instead. The mothers and the nurses have varying experiences and background and therefore different perspectives, which may lead to difficulties in understanding each other. Knowledge about the important factors, that affect the mother–nurse encounter, can be used to strengthen the nurses' positive behaviours and facilitate understanding of how disappointed mothers have experienced their health care encounters.
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| 3. |
- Bachrach-Lindström, Margaretha, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of nutritional status using biochemical and anthropometric variables in a nutritional intervention study of women with hip fracture
- 2001
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Ingår i: Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0261-5614 .- 1532-1983. ; 20:3, s. 217-223
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background & Aims: The aim of this study of women with hip fracture was to describe nutritional status with biochemical markers and anthropometric variables, and to evaluate the effect of nutritional intervention with the intention of increasing protein and energy intake.Methods: The first consecutive 44 women were included, and used as controls. The next 44 were matched for age, fracture and mental state. Anthropometric variables, IGF-I, hormones and serum albumin were collected 4–6 days (baseline), 1 and 3 months after surgery. Twenty-four women filled out a 7-day food record.Results: At baseline, one fourth had BMI <20 kg/m2and subnormal triceps skinfold thickness. Baseline serum albumin, IGF-I and growth hormone levels were low, probably as an acute response to trauma. Women with BMI <20 kg/m2had lower IGF-I levels compared to those with higher BMI. At 3 months, one-third of both groups were protein and energy malnourished. The intervention group obtained higher daily energy percentage from fat but none of the groups reached their calculated energy need.Conclusions: Using biochemical markers in the acute postoperative situation to assess nutritional status is not recommended. The intervention had no impact on anthropometric or biochemical variables.
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| 4. |
- Bachrach-Lindström, Margaretha, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Förebygg undernäring!
- 2002
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Ingår i: Äldre i centrum. - 1401-5110. ; 3, s. 16-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Bachrach-Lindström, Margaretha, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Nutritional state and functional capacity among elderly Swedish people with acute hip fracture
- 2000
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 14:4, s. 268-274
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to describe characteristics in a group of elderly men and women with hip fracture, regarding presumed risk factors, such as nutritional state and functional capacity. A total of 142 men and women aged 75 years or more were consecutively included on admittance to the hospital. Anthropometry and body composition were measured 4-6 days after the fracture. Data on functional status, activities of daily living and living arrangements at the time of the fracture were collected. The women and men had a body mass index (BMI) of 22.3 ▒ 3.7 kg/m2 and 21.7 ▒ 2.1 kg/m2, respectively. Of the whole group, 71% had a BMI < 24 kg/m2 and 25% a BMI < 20.0 kg/m2. Forty-five percent of the patients needed daily home help, and a majority of them were mentally impaired (p < 0.0001). Women with a trochanteric hip fracture were shorter, had lower body weight, lower lean body mass and lower arm muscle circumference (AMC) than the cervical fracture group (p < 0.05). Fewer women with a trochanteric fracture and fewer women with mental impairment took walks outside before the fracture, (p = 0.023 and p = 0.002, respectively). Characteristics found in the group were low BMI, low muscle mass as indicated by low lean body mass and mental impairment. It seems important to evaluate such factors when developing post-operative care plans aimed at avoiding further deterioration. Extra frail sub-groups of patients, such as people who are mentally impaired, women with trochanteric fracture and women with high dependency concerning ADL functions were identified.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Christensson, Lennart, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Attitudes of nursing staff towards nutritional nursing care
- 2003
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 17:3, s. 223-231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fulfilling nutritional requirements in residents with eating problems can be a challenge for both the person in need of help and for the caregiver. In helping and supporting these residents, a positive attitude is assumed to be as important as practical skill. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that nutritional education and implementation of a nutritional programme would change the attitudes towards nutritional nursing care among nursing staff with daily experience of serving food and helping residents in municipal care. The study was carried out as a before and after experimental design. An attitude scale, staff attitudes to nutritional nursing care (SANN scale), was developed and used. The response on the scale gives a total SANN-score and scores in five underlying dimensions: self ability, individualization, importance of food, assessment and secured food intake. Nursing staff at eight different residential units (n = 176) responded to the attitude scale and, of these, staff at three of the units entered the study as the experimental group. After responding to the attitude scale, nutritional education was introduced and a nutritional programme was implemented in the experimental units. One year later, attitudes were measured a second time (n = 192). Of these, 151 had also responded on the first occasion. Education and implementation of a nutritional programme did not significantly change attitudes. Overall, nursing staff responded with positive attitudes towards nutritional nursing care. Most of the positive attitudes concerned items within the dimension importance of food. In contrast, items within self ability showed the lowest number of staff with positive attitudes.
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| 9. |
- Christensson, Lennart, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of nutritional assessment techniques in elderly people newly admitted to municipal care
- 2002
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 56:9, s. 810-818
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To evaluate the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) and the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) with regard to validity using a combination of anthropometric and serum-protein measurements as standard criteria to assess protein-energy malnutrition (PEM).Design: Cross-sectional study with consecutive selection of residents aged 65 y.Setting: A municipality in the south of Sweden.Subjects: During a year, starting in October 1996, 148 females and 113 males, aged 65-104 y of age, newly admitted to special types of housing for the elderly, were included in the study.Results: According to SGA, 53% were assessed as malnourished or moderately malnourished on admission. The corresponding figure from MNA was 79% malnourished or at risk of malnutrition. Both tools indicated that anthropometric values and serum proteins were significantly lower in residents classified as being malnourished (P<0.05). Sensitivity in detecting PEM was in SGA 0.93 and in MNA 0.96 and specificity was 0.61 and 0.26, respectively. Using regression analysis, weight index and serum albumin were the best objective nutritional parameters in predicting the SGA- and MNA classifications. Item 'muscle wasting' in SGA and 'self-experienced health status' in MNA showed most predictive power concerning the odds of being assessed as malnourished.Conclusions: SGA was shown to be the more useful tool in detecting residents with established malnutrition and MNA in detecting residents who need preventive nutritional measures.
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| 10. |
- Christensson, Lennart, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Individually adjusted meals for older people with protein-energy malnutrition : a single-case study
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 10:4, s. 491-502
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- • The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a 3-month intervention programme consisting of meals based on individual nutritional requirements in residents assessed as protein-energy malnourished on admission to a municipal care Institution.• Using a single-case design, 11 malnourished residents were given individual care aimed at fulfilling their personal requirements for energy intake during a period of 12 weeks. The residents were selected from a sample of 261 newly admitted older adults of whom 87 were assessed to be malnourished on admission. Nutritional status, including anthropometric and biochemical variables and functional capacities were assessed before, during, and after the intervention. Energy intake was recorded every day. Body weight, and serum concentration of albumin and transthyretin were measured every other week.• During a 3-month period, the mean value of energy intake reached the calculated energy requirement in 10 residents. Eight residents increased in weight, triceps skin-fold thickness, and transthyretin concentration. Nine residents increased in arm muscle circumference, and 10 showed increased serum albumin concentration and functional capacity.• We conclude that nursing care based on individual nutritional requirements, resources, and desires improves nutritional status and functional capacity in a group of malnourished residents.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Ek, Anna-Christina, 1942-
(författare)
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Immobilitet og sengeleie
- 2006. - 2
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Ingår i: Tverrfaglig geriatri. - Bergen, Norge : Fagbokforlaget. - 8245003484 - 9788245003482 ; , s. 229-242
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Flensner, Gullvi, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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Lived experience of MS-related fatigue : a phenomenological interview study
- 2003
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Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - London : Pergamon. - 0020-7489 .- 1873-491X. ; 40:7, s. 707-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fatigue is a major problem among individuals diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS), but its meaning in daily living is unclear. The aim was to describe MS-related fatigue as lived by a group of individuals diagnosed with MS. Interviews with nine individuals were analysed from a phenomenological perspective. MAIN FINDINGS: MS-related fatigue is living with a time-consuming and all absorbing phenomenon, involving the body and the whole human being. Fatigue is commonly non-constructively perceived and expressed in terms of energy loss, emotional afflictions, dependency and restrictions of life in general, however, it is also constructively perceived and involves a desire to accept life and strive for a better situation. CONCLUSION: MS-related fatigue is a comprehensive phenomenon and its relationship with self-care requires further investigation.
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| 20. |
- Flensner, Gullvi, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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Reliability and validity of the Swedish version of the Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS)
- 2005
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 12:4, s. 170-180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fatigue is a complex phenomenon that, for those not affected, is hard to understand. To achieve better assessments, caregivers need reliable and valid tools. The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability and validity of the Swedish version of the Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS) among working-aged individuals diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS), as well as in a comparative group randomly selected from the general population in the same geographical area. Both individuals with MS (n=161) and individuals recruited from the general population (n=194) participated in the study. A questionnaire was used for the data collection. The data were analysed using non-parametric statistical methods. Reliability of FIS was addressed by item-to-item and item-to-total correlations. Concurrent validity was tested for by analysing correlations between the FIS and general questions, and construct validity by investigation of differences in the FIS scores between known groups. The FIS was found to be homogenous, with item-to-total correlation coefficients of 0.42 ≤ rs≤0.86 (p<0.001), reflecting the instrument's reliability. The correlations between the FIS and the general questions confirm its concurrent validity, 0.27 ≤ rs≤0.84 (p<0.001). The differences in FIS scores between known groups demonstrate its construct validity. Furthermore, the FIS showed the ability to discriminate between groups of individuals with differences in perceived impact of fatigue.
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| 21. |
- Foldemo, Annica, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Needs in outpatients with schizophrenia, assessed by the patients themselves and their parents and staff
- 2004
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Ingår i: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0933-7954 .- 1433-9285. ; 39:5, s. 381-385
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:There has been a change in psychiatric care from a hospital-oriented care system to an outpatient-centred system, which has underlined the importance of support alternatives.Methods:The sample was drawn from outpatients with schizophrenia at an outpatient clinic in 2001. We used structured interviews when interviewing outpatients, parents and staff. The interview with the patient included the patient’s needs, global function, clinical global impression and insight. Both parents and staff were interviewed about the patient’s needs.Results:The mean value of GAF was 56 ± 10, CGI 4 ± 1 and 89% of the patients had full insight into their illness. The patients rated the total score of the severity of needs at a mean of 7 ± 4, while the parents’ and staff’s rating was 9 ± 5. The needs ranking between patients and parents and patients and staff showed a correlation of rho = 0.65 (p < 0.01) and parents and staff rho =0.95 (p < 0.01). The parents rated more problems involving physical health and money than the patients.Conclusion:When planning mental health in the future, it is important to assess the views of the patients, the parents and the staff from a multiple perspective.
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| 22. |
- Foldemo, Annica, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of life and burden in parents of outpatients with schizophrenia
- 2005
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Ingår i: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0933-7954 .- 1433-9285. ; 40:2, s. 133-138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundSince the late 1950s, several studies have reported the burden faced by families living with a mentally ill relative. These studies have pointed out the importance of a progressive mental health service, focusing not only on the treatment of the patients, but also on the needs of the relatives. The aims of the present study were to compare the quality of life of parents of outpatients with schizophrenia with a randomly selected reference group and the relation between quality of life and burden on the parents.SubjectsThe sample comprised all parents (n=38) of outpatients with schizophrenia at an outpatient clinic in 2001, where the patients had contact at least once a week with both parents and staff. The parents were compared with a reference group (n=698).MethodsThe self-rating scale Quality of Life Index (QLI) was used to assess quality of life in both groups. In the case of the parents, semistructured interviews were supplemented by the data collection to assess the degree of burden with the Burden Assessment Scale (BAS). The outpatients were also interviewed to assess their global function with the Global Assessment of Functioning scale (GAF) and the Clinical Global Impression scale (CGI).ResultsThe parents were significantly less satisfied with their overall quality of life (p<0.05). There was a correlation between lower overall quality of life and higher perceived burden r=0.58 (p<0.01). There was also a correlation between lower values on the family subscale and social subscale within the QLI and higher subjective burden r=0.54 (p<0.01) and r=0.52 (p<0.01), respectively.ConclusionThese results indicate that caregiving has an influence on the family situation and on the quality of life of parents. These findings suggest that the professions working with the parents must have an approach focusing not only on the care given to the ill daughter or son, but also on the parents’ situation.
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| 23. |
- Funkesson, Kajsa, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Nurses' reasoning process during care planning taking pressure ulcer prevention as an example. A think-aloud study
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - : Elsevier BV. - 0020-7489 .- 1873-491X. ; 44:7, s. 1109-1119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Nurses' clinical reasoning is of great importance for the delivery of safe and efficient care. Pressure ulcer prevention allows a variety of aspects within nursing to be viewed. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe both the process and the content of nurses' reasoning during care planning at different nursing homes, using pressure ulcer prevention as an example. Design: A qualitative research design was chosen. Settings: Seven different nursing homes within one community were included. Participants: Eleven registered nurses were interviewed. Method: The methods used were think-aloud technique, protocol analysis and qualitative content analysis. Client simulation illustrating transition was used. The case used for care planning was in three parts covering the transition from hospital until 3 weeks in the nursing home. Result: Most nurses in this study conducted direct and indirect reasoning in a wide range of areas in connection with pressure ulcer prevention. The reasoning focused different parts of the nursing process depending on part of the case. Complex assertations as well as strategies aiming to reduce cognitive strain were rare. Nurses involved in direct nursing care held a broader reasoning than consultant nurses. Both explanations and actions based on older ideas and traditions occurred. Conclusions: Reasoning concerning pressure ulcer prevention while care planning was dominated by routine thinking. Knowing the person over a period of time made a more complex reasoning possible. The nurses' experience, knowledge together with how close to the elderly the nurses work seem to be important factors that affect the content of reasoning. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 24. |
- Galan Perroca, Marcia, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing patient's care requirements : A comparison of instruments
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 21:3, s. 390-396
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to compare two patient classification instruments developed in different countries, Perroca's (Brazil) and the Beakta (Sweden) systems and to investigate if both instruments equally assess patients' care requirements. The survey sample comprised 85 patients from a university hospital in southeast Sweden. Statistical analysis used Spearman's correlation and Kappa. The Spearman's correlation coefficient for total scores and classifications were 0.83 and 0.80, respectively (P-value < 0.01). The level of agreement between the instruments related to the different care categories pointed to an overall kw of 0.60 (95% CI: 0.50-0.71). The findings indicate a high degree of association between the total scores and patient classification assessment using the Beakta and Perroca systems and also a moderate level of agreement between the two instruments in the different care categories. There are few surveys that compare classification instruments between countries making it difficult to know to what extent cultural differences influence measurement approaches. © 2007 Nordic College of Caring Science.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Galan Perroca, Marcia, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Utilization of patient classification systems in Swedish hospitals and the degree of satisfaction among nursing staff
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 15:5, s. 472-480
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Although patient classification tools have been used in Sweden since the 1980s, few studies have examined how they are utilized and monitored. Aim This paper investigates the patient classification systems implemented in hospitals in the country as well as the level of satisfaction of nurses with the implemented instrument. Method A postal survey method was used in which a total of 128 questionnaires were sent to nurse managers. Twenty-three hospitals were identified with patient classification systems currently in operation. Results and conclusion The Zebra and Beakta systems are the most commonly used instruments. Nurse managers appear to be satisfied with the patient classification systems in use on their wards as a whole except for their inability to measure the quality of care provided, the time spent to use the instruments and the fact that the administration do not estimate nursing staff requirements using the system.
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| 28. |
- Hollman, Gunilla, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Disease knowledge and adherence to treatment in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - 0889-4655 .- 1550-5049. ; 21:2, s. 103-108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is one of the most common genetic metabolic disorders and is associated with a high risk of premature coronary heart disease. Primary prevention directed at lifestyle changes, combined with preventive medical treatment, is the most important way to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease in individuals with FH. Knowledge about the condition and adherence to drug treatment may facilitate reaching treatment goals. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe disease knowledge and adherence to treatment in patients with FH. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Seventy-four patients, more than 18 years of age, with FH were asked to participate. A questionnaire on disease knowledge about FH and adherence to drug treatment was sent to the patients. Response rate was 92% (n = 68). Drug treatment, laboratory results, blood pressure, and smoking were also documented. RESULTS: Most patients knew about cholesterol, prevention, and the reason for drug treatment but were less informed about the risk of genetic transmission and family history. No significant correlation was found between knowledge and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level. A significant, negative correlation between adherence and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level was found (r = -.354, P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with FH had scant understanding about the risk of genetic transmission and family history. High adherence to drug prescription has significant correlation to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level. © 2006 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
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| 29. |
- Hollman, Gunilla, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Familial hypercholesterolaemia and quality of life in family members
- 2003
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Ingår i: Preventive Medicine. - 0091-7435 .- 1096-0260. ; 36:5, s. 569-574
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundAwareness of genetic disease in the family may influence quality of life. The purpose of this study was to describe quality of life among nonaffected members of families with familial hypercholesterolaemia. All were aware of the risk for coronary heart disease. Their quality of life was compared with a reference group and with the patients with familial hypercholesterolesterolaemia themselves.MethodsNames of family members (n = 129) were given by the patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia. A randomly selected reference group (n = 1485) and patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia (n = 185) were included for comparison. They all completed the questionnaire Quality of Life Index, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Mastery Scale measuring coping. Family members and patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia also completed a questionnaire on health and lipids.ResultsFamily members were more satisfied with family life, mean 22.1 ± 3.5 (SD), and psychological/spiritual life, 22.9 ± 4.0, than the reference group, 21.4 ± 4.3 and 21.1 ± 4.8, respectively; this was particularly expressed among partners, P < 0.05. Of family members, 91% were anxious about the patient with familial hypercholesterolaemia developing coronary heart disease.ConclusionsFamily members have as good a quality of life as members of the reference group, but they were anxious about the patient with familial hypercholesterolaemia developing coronary heart disease.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Hollman, Gunilla, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of life in patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 251:4, s. 331-337
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives. The primary aim of this study was to analyse quality of life in adult patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH), a genetic disorder with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Secondary aims were to find explanatory factors for quality of life and anxiety.Design. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used.Setting. Outpatients from lipid clinics at two university hospitals in Sweden were included. Patients with heterozygous FH and a randomly selected control group participated by filling out questionnaires.Subjects. Two hundred and eighty patients with heterozygous FH above 18 years of age were asked, and 212 of whom 185 were free of overt CHD, participated. Of a control group of 2980 persons 1485 were included for comparison.Methods. We used Likert-type questionnaires: the Quality of Life Index (QLI) consisting of four subscales, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD), the Mastery Scale measuring coping and a questionnaire on health and lipids constructed for FH patients.Results. Patients with FH were significantly more satisfied with overall quality of life 21.8 ± 0.3 (SEM) vs. controls 21.1 ± 0.1 and this was also the case in three of four subscales, all differences P < 0.05. Anxiety about getting CHD was expressed amongst 86% of the patients with FH.Conclusions. Quality of life amongst patients with FH was at least as good as in controls but they were worried about getting CHD.
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| 34. |
- Hollman, Gunilla, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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The meaning of quality of life among patients with familial hypercholesterolemia
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - 0889-4655 .- 1550-5049. ; 19:4, s. 243-250
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Living with a genetic predisposition to disease may influence quality of life. The presence of premature disease can lead to an increased focus on family history and genetic predisposition.Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe quality of life in patients with the genetic disease, familial hypercholesterolemia, who are at an increased risk of premature coronary heart disease.Methods: Interviews from 12 adult patients with FH were analyzed using constant comparative analysis. The findings of this qualitative study revealed that for patients, quality of life was equated with harmony in life, the core category. Attaining harmony in life presumes satisfaction and togetherness. Cognizance of the threat of coronary heart disease and impending mortality is balanced by the support of togetherness and satisfaction that builds harmony in life.Conclusion: When caring for patients with familial hypercholesterolemia, it is important to meet each patient on his or her own level, and to support balance and their choices for maintaining or regaining harmony in life.
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| 35. |
- Johansson, Yvonne, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Self-perceived health among older women living in their own residence
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Older People Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1748-3735 .- 1748-3743. ; 2:2, s. 111-118
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim. The aim was to characterize women who perceived themselves as healthy and to compare them with women who perceived themselves as less healthy with regard to demographical, social, medical and functional factors. Another aim was to describe changes within the healthy group after one year. Background. Self-perceived health is influenced by several factors, of which diseases and illness are only a part. Method and participants. Two hundred and seventy-eight women, 75 and 80 years old, of which 50% (n ¼ 139) perceived themselves as healthy and less healthy, respectively. Data were collected by using the Nottingham Health Profile, Geriatric Depression Scale, Mini Nutritional Assessment, Mini Mental State Examination and Philadelphia Geriatric Center Multilevel Assessment Instrument, in two examinations at intervals of one year. Results. The women in the healthy group were characterized as having no or low depression symptoms (P ¼ 0.016), better physical mobility (P ¼ 0.029) and better physical health (P < 0.001). Furthermore no or less pain, fewer doctor visits, more energy and fewer negative emotional reactions were predictors for self-perceived health in the healthy group at the one-year follow-up. Conclusion. The most important predictors associated with perceiving oneself as healthy were no or few depression symptoms, physical mobility and good physical health. Relevance to clinical practice. Attention has to be paid to women’s mood, physical health, mobility, pain and energy to help them stay healthy.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Lidman, Disa, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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Trycksår - Decubitalsår
- 2005
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Ingår i: Bokkapitel i Svårläkta sår - Vårdprogram för Sydöstra sjukvårdsdistriktet. - Linköping : LiÖ. ; , s. 50-61
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 39. |
- Lindgren, Margareta, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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A risk assessment scale for the prediction of pressure sore development : reliability and validity
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 38:2, s. 190-199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. The ability to assess the risk of a patient developing pressure sores is a major issue in pressure sore prevention. Risk assessment scales should be valid, reliable and easy to use in clinical practice.Aim. To develop further a risk assessment scale, for predicting pressure sore development and, in addition, to present the validity and reliability of this scale.Methods. The risk assessment pressure sore (RAPS) scale, includes 12 variables, five from the re-modified Norton scale, three from the Braden scale and three from other research results. Five hundred and thirty patients without pressure sores on admission were included in the study and assessed over a maximum period of 12 weeks. Internal consistency was examined by item analysis and equivalence by interrater reliability. To estimate equivalence, 10 pairs of nurses assessed a total of 116 patients. The underlying dimensions of the scale were examined by factor analysis. The predictive validity was examined by determination of sensitivity, specificity and predictive value.Results. Two variables were excluded as a result of low item–item and item–total correlations. The average percentage of agreement and the intraclass correlation between raters were 70% and 0·83, respectively. The factor analysis gave three factors, with a total variance explained of 65·1%. Sensitivity, specificity and predictive value were high among patients at medical and infection wards.Conclusions. The RAPS scale is a reliable scale for predicting pressure sore development. The validity is especially good for patients undergoing treatment in medical wards and wards for infectious diseases. This indicates that the RAPS scale may be useful in clinical practice for these groups of patients. For patients undergoing surgical treatment, further analysis will be performed.
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| 40. |
- Lindgren, Margareta, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Altered skin blood perfusion in areas with non blanchable erythema : an explorative study
- 2006
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Ingår i: International Wound Journal. - 1742-4801 .- 1742-481X. ; 3:3, s. 215-223
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Non blanchable erythema, i.e. stage I pressure ulcer, is common in patients in acute and geriatric care and in nursing homes. Research has shown that this type of lesions is prone to develop into more severe pressure ulcers. The peripheral skin blood perfusion is of major importance for the development of pressure ulcers. The aim of this study was to explore the peripheral skin blood perfusion over time, in areas with non blanchable erythema and in corresponding undamaged areas on the opposite side of the body. A total of 19 measurements were performed, over time, using a laser Doppler perfusion imager. The blood flow distribution profiles over areas with non blanchable erythema and undamaged skin were found to be different. As the area of the non blanchable erythema decreased, the blood perfusion distribution profiles gradually became more heterogeneous; an area of high blood perfusion in the centre of the lesions was seen and the perfusion successively decreased closer to the edge. These results indicate that there are differences in blood perfusion between skin areas of non blanchable erythema and undamaged skin. The results also indicate that the visible redness in areas with non blanchable erythema is related to altered blood perfusion. The skin blood perfusion also seems to increase in relation to the size of the non blanchable erythema.
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| 41. |
- Lindgren, Margareta, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Immobility – a major risk factor for development of pressure ulcers among adult hospitalized patients : a prospective study
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 18:1, s. 57-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective : To identify risk factors associated with pressure ulcer development among adult hospitalized medical and surgical patients.Design : A prospective comparative study including 530 adult patients from medical and surgical wards. Registered Nurses made the data collection on admission and once a week for up to 12 weeks. The risk assessment scale used was the Risk Assessment Pressure Sore (RAPS) scale, including the following variables; general physical condition, activity, mobility, moisture, food intake, fluid intake, sensory perception, friction and shear, body temperature and serum albumin.Results : Sixty-two (11.7%) patients developed 85 pressure ulcers. The most common pressure ulcer was that of nonblanchable erythema. Patients who developed pressure ulcers were significantly older, hospitalized for a longer time, had lower scores on the total RAPS scale, had lower weight and lower diastolic blood pressure than nonpressure ulcer patients did. In the multiple logistic regression analyses using variables included in the RAPS scale immobility emerged as a strong risk factor. When adding remaining significant variables in the analyses, mobility, time of hospitalization, age, surgical treatment and weight were found to be risk factors for pressure ulcer development.Conclusion : It is confirmed that immobility is a risk factor of major importance for pressure ulcer development among adult hospitalized patients. The results also indicate that the RAPS scale may be useful for prediction of pressure ulcer development in clinical practice.
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| 42. |
- Lindgren, Margareta, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Pressure sore prevalence within a public health services area
- 2000
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Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : Wiley. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 6:6, s. 333-337
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pressure sores are a great problem for patients, staff and society. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence, treatment and prevention of pressure sores in a public health service area in Sweden. Criteria used for pressure sore assessment were persistent discoloration, epithelial damage and damage to the full thickness of the skin, without or with a cavity. The data were collected during 2 weeks in April 1995 from 1173 inpatients. The pressure-sore prevalence rate was 3.75%; 44 patients had a total of 68 sores. Men were as prone to developing pressure sores as women. The most frequently reported preventive measures were antidecubitus mattresses and turning schedules. Relief from pressure and occlusive dressings were the most common treatment measures. There was no statistical difference in pressure-sore prevalence when compared with a similar study from 1980. Patients were, however, older in 1995.
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| 43. |
- Lindgren, Margareta, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Pressure ulcer risk factors in patients undergoing surgery
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 50:6, s. 605-612
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim. This paper reports a study to identify risk factors associated with pressure ulcer development among a mixed group of adult patients undergoing surgery. Background. Few studies have been carried out with patients undergoing surgery to assess the risk of pressure ulcer development, and so there is a little knowledge of the risk factors for this group. However, studies among non-surgical patients have shown that nutritional predictors such as low serum albumin level and low body mass index (BMI) are of great importance. An additional predictive factor may be low blood pressure. It is important to study these predictors further among patients undergoing surgery, using techniques such as multiple regression techniques, designed to identify the most important predictors for pressure ulcer development. Methods. A prospective comparative study was carried out in 1996-1998 with 286 adult patients undergoing surgical treatment. The data were collected from patient records by Registered Nurses preoperatively, for seven days postoperatively and thereafter once a week for up to 12 weeks. Perioperative data were also collected. The Risk Assessment Pressure Sore Scale was used, and data were collected on general physical condition, activity, mobility, moisture, food intake, fluid intake, sensory perception, friction and shear, body temperature and serum albumin. Results. Forty-one (14.3%) patients developed pressure ulcers during the observation period. The most common type was non-blanchable erythema. Those who developed pressure ulcers were significantly older, weighed less, and had a lower BMI and serum albumin. More women than men developed pressure ulcers. Risk factors identified in multiple stepwise regression analyses were female gender, American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) status or New York Heart Association (NYHA) status and food-intake. Conclusion. Special attention, with regard to risk of pressure ulcer development, should be paid to patients undergoing surgery who have low ASA or NYHA scores, low food intake and/or are women. © 2005 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Stratton, R, et al.
(författare)
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Enteral nutritional support in prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers : A systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2005
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Ingår i: Ageing Research Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 1568-1637 .- 1872-9649. ; 4:3, s. 422-450
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There have been few systematic reviews and no meta-analyses of the clinical benefits of nutritional support in patients with, or at risk of developing, pressure ulcers. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken to address the impact of enteral nutritional support on pressure ulcer incidence and healing and a range of other clinically relevant outcome measures in this group. Methods: Fifteen studies (including eight randomised controlled trials (RCTs)) of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) or enteral tube feeding (ETF), identified using electronic databases (including Pub Med and Cochrane) and bibliography searches, were included in the systematic review. Outcomes including pressure ulcer incidence, pressure ulcer healing, quality of life, complications, mortality, anthropometry and dietary intake were recorded, with the aim of comparing nutritional support versus routine care (e.g. usual diet and pressure ulcer care) and nutritional formulas of different composition. Of these 15 studies, 5 RCTs comparing ONS (4 RCTs) and ETF (1 RCT) with routine care could be included in a meta-analysis of pressure ulcer incidence. Results: Meta-analysis showed that ONS (250-500 kcal, 2-26 weeks) were associated with a significantly lower incidence of pressure ulcer development in at-risk patients compared to routine care (odds ratio 0.75, 95% CI 0.62-0.89, 4 RCTs, n = 1224, elderly, post-surgical, chronically hospitalised patients). Similar results were obtained when a combined meta-analysis of ONS (4 RCT) and ETF (1 RCT) trials was performed (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.62-0.88, 5 RCTs, n = 1325). Individual studies showed a trend towards improved healing of existing pressure ulcers with disease-specific (including high protein) versus standard formulas, although robust RCTs are required to confirm this. Although some studies indicate that total nutritional intake is improved, data on other outcome measures (quality of life) are lacking. Conclusions: This systematic review shows enteral nutritional support, particularly high protein ONS, can significantly reduce the risk of developing pressure ulcers (by 25%). Although studies suggest ONS and ETF may improve healing of PU, further research to confirm this trend is required. © 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 47. |
- Söderhamn, O, et al.
(författare)
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Ability for self-care among home dwelling elderly people in a health district in Sweden
- 2000
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Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - 0020-7489 .- 1873-491X. ; 37:4, s. 361-368
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe the ability for self-care among home dwelling elderly in the community in a health district in western Sweden. Two self-report instruments plus a number of self-care related questions were distributed by mail to an age stratified random sample and finally completed by a total of 125 subjects. Bivariate and multivariate statistical methods were used in the analyses. The results showed that self-care ability and self-care agency decreased for respondents 75 + years of age. Self-care ability was predicted by three productive means for self-care and four risk factors.
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| 48. |
- Wissing, Ulla, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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A follow-up study of ulcer healing, nutrition, and life-situation in elderly patients with leg ulcer
- 2001
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Ingår i: The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging. - 1279-7707 .- 1760-4788. ; 5:1, s. 37-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study was undertaken in order to follow up ulcer healing, ulcer recurrence, nutritional status and life-situation in elderly patients with leg ulcers. Of 70 patients assessed previously in 1996, 43 (61%) were still alive in 2000 and, of these, 38 (88%) participated in the follow-up. Rate of healing, recurrence and amputation were obtained from medical records and interviews with the patients. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) was used to assess their nutritional status and the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Multilevel Assessment Instrument was used for assessment of their life-situation. Nineteen patients (50%), mean age 82+/-4.6 years, had healed ulcers. Two (5%) patients, mean age 86+/-2.8, had required amputation and had no ulceration after surgery. Seventeen patients (45%), mean age 80.3+/-6 years, had open ulcers, six had their original ulcers still unhealed, and 11 had open recurrent ulcers. Decreased mean MNA scores, as well as decreased mean scores in ADL and mobility, were seen over time in patients with open ulcers but not in those who were healed. Patients with healed ulcers had significantly higher mean scores in social interaction than those with open ulcers and significantly increased mean scores in environmental quality over time. The results indicate that nutrition and the life-situation might be related to leg ulcer healing. The nutritional situation and the whole life-situation should be observed and taken into consideration when care is planned. Additional research is needed to increase the understanding of the relationship between nutrition, life-situation and ulcer healing.
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| 49. |
- Wissing, Ulla, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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Can individualised nutritional support improve healing in therapy-resistant leg ulcers?
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of wound care. - : Mark Allen Group. - 0969-0700 .- 2052-2916. ; 11:1, s. 15-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: This study investigated whether an individually designed programme of nutritional support can improve healing in otherwise therapy-resistant venous leg ulcers. METHOD: Six primary health-care patients, aged between 79 and 93 years, with venous ulcers that had been open for one year or more (range: 1.5-8 years) were recruited into the study. The patients were asked to follow an individualised diet plan which included the use of liquid dietary supplements. Ulcer area, anthropometric and biochemical variables, and energy and nutrient intake were assessed before intervention and then regularly for nine months.RESULTS: At nine months ulcer healing had occurred in two patients, of whom one had had ulcers on both legs. In a third patient the ulceration on one leg had healed and that on the other leg had almost healed. In a fourth patient, the ulcer area reduced by approximately 90%.CONCLUSION: The use of nutritional support might have assisted the wound healing in these patients. Although the relationship between nutritional supplementation and wound healing is not well defined, an appropriate nutritional plan is recommended if undernourishment is suspected and leg ulcers are not healing.
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| 50. |
- Wissing, Ulla, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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Life situation and function in elderly people with and without leg ulcers
- 2002
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 16:1, s. 59-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The majority of elderly patients with leg ulcers live at home and receive treatment for their ulcers within the primary health care system. Little is known about the patients' ability or behaviour in the life situation and how well they manage their daily life at home. The Philadelphia Geriatric Center Multilevel Assessment Instrument (PGC MAI) was used to assess and compare the life situation in 70 patients (mean age 79 +/- 6.5 years) with leg ulcers and in 74 elderly persons (mean age 80 +/- 5.7 years) without leg ulcers. The patients with leg ulcers had significantly lower mean values in the domains of physical health, activity of daily living (ADL), cognition, time use and social behaviour, personal adjustment and environmental quality than those without ulcers. Sixty-three percent of the patients reported ulcer-related pain, and all of them were dependent on health care personnel for dressing changes. This may indicate that the life situation among elderly persons with leg ulcers is not so good as compared with that of elderly persons without ulcers and that patients with leg ulcers are more vulnerable than elderly people of the same age.
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