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- Etholm, L, et al.
(författare)
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Electroencephalographic characterization of seizure activity in the Synapsin I/II double knockout mouse
- 2011
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Ingår i: Brain Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-8993 .- 1872-6240. ; 1383, s. 270-288
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a detailed comparison of the behavioral and electrophysiological development of seizure activity in mice genetically depleted of synapsin land synapsin II (SynDKO mice), based on combined video and surface EEG recordings. SynDKO mice develop handling-induced epileptic seizures at the age of 2 months. The seizures show a very regular behavioral pattern, where activity is initially dominated by truncal muscle contractions followed by various myoclonic elements. Whereas seizure behavior goes through clearly defined transitions, cortical activity as reflected by EEG recordings shows a more gradual development with respect to the emergence of different EEG components and the frequency of these components. No EEG pattern was seen to define a particular seizure behavior. However, myoclonic activity was characterized by more regular patterns of combined sharp waves and spikes. Where countable, the number of myoclonic jerks was significantly correlated to the number of such EEG complexes. Furthermore, some EEG recordings revealed epileptic regular discharges without clear behavioral seizure correlates. Our findings suggest that seizure behavior in SynDKO mice is not solely determined by cortical activity but rather reflects interplay between cortical activity and activity in other brain regions. (C) 2011 Elsevier BM. All rights reserved.
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- Ghorbani, P., et al.
(författare)
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Validation of the Norwegian survival prediction model in trauma (NORMIT) in Swedish trauma populations
- 2020
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Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : Wiley. - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 107:4, s. 381-390
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Trauma survival prediction models can be used for quality assessment in trauma populations. The Norwegian survival prediction model in trauma (NORMIT) has been updated recently and validated internally (NORMIT 2). The aim of this observational study was to compare the accuracy of NORMIT 1 and 2 in two Swedish trauma populations.Methods: Adult patients registered in the national trauma registry during 2014-2016 were eligible for inclusion. The study populations comprised the total national trauma (NT) population, and a subpopulation of patients admitted to a single level I trauma centre (TC). The primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Model validation included receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and GiViTI calibration belts. The calibration was also assessed in subgroups of severely injured patients (New Injury Severity Score (NISS) over 15).Results: A total of 26 504 patients were included. Some 18 center dot 7 per cent of patients in the NT population and 2 center dot 6 per cent in the TC subpopulation were excluded owing to missing data, leaving 21 554 and 3972 respectively for analysis. NORMIT 1 and 2 showed excellent ability to distinguish between survivors and non-survivors in both populations, but poor agreement between predicted and observed outcome in the NT population with overestimation of survival, including in the subgroup with NISS over 15. In the TC subpopulation, NORMIT 1 underestimated survival irrespective of injury severity, but NORMIT 2 showed good calibration both in the total subpopulation and the subgroup with NISS over 15.Conclusion: NORMIT 2 is well suited to predict survival in a Swedish trauma centre population, irrespective of injury severity. Both NORMIT 1 and 2 performed poorly in a more heterogeneous national population of injured patients.
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- Kind, R., et al.
(författare)
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Scandinavia : A former Tibet?
- 2013
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Ingår i: Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 1525-2027. ; 14:10, s. 4479-4487
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Himalaya and the Tibetan Plateau are uplifted by the ongoing northward underthrusting of the Indian continental lithosphere below Tibet resulting in lithospheric stacking. The layered structure of the Tibetan upper mantle is imaged by seismic methods, most detailed with the receiver function method. Tibet is considered as a place where the development of a future craton is currently under way. Here we study the upper mantle from Germany to northern Sweden with seismic S receiver functions and compare the structure below Scandinavia with that below Tibet. Below Proterozoic Scandinavia, we found two low-velocity zones on top of each other, separated by a high-velocity zone. The top of the upper low-velocity zone at about 100 km depth extends from Germany to Archaean northern Sweden. It agrees with the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) below Germany and Denmark. Below Sweden it is known as the 8 degrees discontinuity, or as a mid-lithospheric discontinuity (MLD), similar to observations in North America. Seismic tomography places the LAB near 200 km in Scandinavia, which is close to the top of our deeper low-velocity zone. We also observed the bottom of the asthenosphere (the Lehmann discontinuity) deepening from 180 km in Germany to 260 km below Sweden. Remnants of old subduction in the upper about 100 km below Scandinavia and Finland are known from controlled source seismic experiments and local earthquake studies. Recent tomographic studies indicate delamination of the lithosphere below southern Scandinavia and northern Germany. We are suggesting that the large-scale layered structure in the Scandinavian upper mantle may be caused by processes similar to the ongoing lithospheric stacking in Tibet.
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