| 1. |
- Kärrholm, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Systematic co-operation between employer, occupational health service and social insurance office : A 6-year follow-up of vocational rehabilitation for people on sick-leave, including economic benefits
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 40:8, s. 628-636
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate the effects of systematic co-operation among municipal employees on the number of sick-leave days per month and the type of benefit granted by the Social Insurance Office. A further aim was to evaluate the economic consequences for society.Design: A 6-year follow-up study with a matched-pairs design.Methods: Days on sick-leave were calculated for each subject one year before the intervention started and yearly for the following 6-year period. Statistical mixed-model analysis was used. The economic benefit of the intervention was estimated as the increased production stemming from fewer days on sick-leave.Subjects: Sixty-four employees on long-term sick-leave were individually matched with controls from another Social Insurance Office in a county with a socioeconomic structure similar to that of the study group.Results: The study group had 5.7 fewer days on sick-leave per month and person over the 6-year period (p=0.003). The estimated average economic benefit of the intervention was (sic)36,600 per person over the 6-year period. In conclusion, those who received systematic co-operation in vocational rehabilitation had fewer days on sick-leave than their ""treatment-as-usual"" peers. This effect persisted over 6 years, generating substantial net economic gains for society.
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| 2. |
- Ahlgren, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Selection of clients for vocational rehabilitation at six local social insurance offices. : a combined register and questionnaire study on rehabilitation measures and attitudes among social insurance officers.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081 .- 0001-5555. ; 40:3, s. 178-184
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate possible differences between local social insurance offices with regard to their selection of clients for vocational rehabilitation. A further aim was to determine whether social insurance officers from different local insurance offices have uniform attitudes regarding professional practice in their application of the insurance system. METHODS: A register-based investigation of 815 vocational rehabilitees served by 6 local social insurance offices in a Swedish county. The study was supplemented with a questionnaire to 30 officers about attitudes to social insurance. RESULTS: The office with the lowest rate of sick-listing periods exceeding one year, and a high frequency of employment training, showed the highest degree of work resumption and the lowest pension rate after vocational rehabilitation. There were wide differences in attitude among the local social insurance officers regarding professional practice in their application of the system. CONCLUSION: Intra-county differences occur in handling people on sick-leave who undergo vocational rehabilitation. The local social insurance offices with the highest and lowest outcome rates of work resumption and disability pension, respectively, select clients for vocational rehabilitation from different categories of cases. Social insurance officers from different local offices differ in their attitudes towards the social insurance system and its clients.
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| 3. |
- Ahlgren, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Work resumption after vocational rehabilitation : a follow-up two years after completed rehabilitation
- 2007
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 28:4, s. 343-354
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A short-term evaluation of vocational rehabilitation (VR) may give conclusions not automatically applicable over a longer term. The present study follows up alterations in work resumption or in social insurance benefits from the time of completed VR and during the following two years. AIM: The primary objective was to evaluate work resumption among previous sick-leavers granted vocational rehabilitation. The aim of the follow-up was to assess the stability of the outcome of VR over time and to analyse factors of importance for clients that remained at work. METHOD: A register investigation was based on 815 cases where the clients had taken part in vocational rehabilitation and were served by one of six local social insurance offices of a Swedish county. RESULTS: Of the clients studied, 52.4% had attained full working capacity The proportion had decreased to 37.4% two years later. One factor that differed between those who resumed work and those who returned to sick leave was the duration of the previous sick-leave period. Those who returned to work had had shorter sick leave, had jobs to return to and had received job training as a vocational rehabilitation measure. CONCLUSIONS: The clients with the best chances of being in work two years after completed vocational rehabilitation were those with short sickness absence, who had been selected for job training as a vocational rehabilitation, were aged 16-29 years and were employed in industry.
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| 4. |
- Björnhagen, Viveca, et al.
(författare)
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Burn survivors' pulmonary and muscular impairment, exercise tolerance and return-to-work following medical-vocational rehabilitation : A long-term follow-up
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 50:5, s. 465-471
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To follow up the long-term outcome in return-to-work (RTW) rate in burn-injury patients, and to determine the degree of impairment in pulmonary and muscular function and exercise tolerance. Design: A prospective, longitudinal follow-up study without a control group. Patients: Twenty-five burn-injury patients referred for medical-vocational rehabilitation. Methods: Return-to-work rate was followed after completed medical-vocational rehabilitation. Pulmonary function was evaluated with spirometry, diffusing capacity and radio spirometry. Exercise capacity was determined using a bicycle ergometer. Muscle functions evaluated in the arms and legs were: isokinetic torque, isometric strength, endurance and muscular strength utilization. Results: Return-to-work rate was 87%. During bicycle exercise tests the patients, on average, reached their expected workloads. The dominating lung function abnormality observed on lung scintigraphy was delayed wash-out time of inhaled radioactive xenon gas, suggesting airway obstruction. All tests of shoulder-flexor and knee-extensor muscle function showed large minimum-maximum differences. Mean isometric endurance of shoulder flexors was lower than mean of references, and isokinetic knee extensor torques were slightly lower. Conclusion: High return-to-work rates can be achieved after burn injury requiring hospital-ward care. Despite measurable impairments in muscle strength/endurance and pulmonary function in a substantial proportion of these patients, overall normal bicycle exercise capacity was observed except for a few cases.
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| 5. |
- Chamberlain, M A, et al.
(författare)
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Vocational rehabilitation : An educational review
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of rehabilitation. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0022-4154 .- 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 41:11, s. 856-869
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this review is to describe aspects of vocational rehabilitation relevant for a physician aiming to become a specialist in physical and rehabilitation medicine (PRM). The review discusses the epidemiology of incapacity for work, the major patient groups in vocational rehabilitation (musculoskeletal and psychiatric diagnoses comprise approximately 50-70% of the patients), the influence of different kinds of environmental and individual risk factors on work resumption (such as the legal framework, application of the law, resources for rehabilitation and its effectiveness, the degree of co-operation between vocational rehabilitation agencies, economic factors/labour market situation, medical and personal factors). The review describes different models of vocational rehabilitation, the effectiveness of various vocational rehabilitation programmes on work resumption or sick leave (where strong evidence is reported for multimodal rehabilitation programmes for patients with long-lasting musculoskeletal pain). Finally, there are sections about the PRM physician's history-taking in vocational rehabilitation (using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)), and report writing with a Structure where ICF body functions and activity limitations are reported separately.
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| 6. |
- Couto, Rafael C., et al.
(författare)
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Anomalously strong two-electron one-photon X-ray decay transitions in CO caused by avoided crossing
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The unique opportunity to study and control electron-nuclear quantum dynamics in coupled potentials offered by the resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) technique is utilized to unravel an anomalously strong two-electron one-photon transition from core-excited to Rydberg final states in the CO molecule. High-resolution RIXS measurements of CO in the energy region of 12-14 eV are presented and analyzed by means of quantum simulations using the wave packet propagation formalism and ab initio calculations of potential energy curves and transition dipole moments. The very good overall agreement between the experimental results and the theoretical predictions allows an in-depth interpretation of the salient spectral features in terms of Coulomb mixing of "dark" with "bright" final states leading to an effective two-electron one-photon transition. The present work illustrates that the improved spectral resolution of RIXS spectra achievable today may call for more advanced theories than what has been used in the past.
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| 7. |
- Couto, Rafael C., et al.
(författare)
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Coupled electron-nuclear dynamics in resonant 1 sigma -> 2 pi x-ray Raman scattering of CO molecules
- 2016
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Ingår i: Physical Review A. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9926. ; 93:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a detailed experimental-theoretical analysis of O K-edge resonant 1 sigma-2 pi inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) from carbon monoxide with unprecedented energy resolution. We employ high-level ab initio calculations to compute the potential energy curves of the states involved in the RIXS process and simulate the measured RIXS spectra using the wave-packet-propagation formalism, including Coulomb coupling in the final-state manifold. The theoretical analysis allows us to explain all the key features of the experimental spectra, including some that were not seen before. First, we clearly show the interference effect between different RIXS channels corresponding to the transition via orthogonal (1)Pi(x) and (1)Pi(y) core-excited states of CO. Second, the RIXS region of 13 eV energy loss presents a triple structure, revealed only by the high-resolution measurement. In previous studies, this region was attributed solely to a valence state. Here we show a strong Coulomb mixing of the Rydberg and valence final states, which opens the forbidden RIXS channels to the "dark" final Rydberg states and drastically changes the RIXS profile. Third, using a combination of high-resolution experiment and high-level theory, we improve the vertical bar 4 sigma(-1)2 pi(1)> final-state potential-energy curve by fitting its bottom part with the experiment. Also, the coupling constants between Rydberg and valence states were refined via comparison with the experiment. Our results illustrate the large potential of the RIXS technique for advanced studies of highly excited states of neutral molecules.
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| 8. |
- Couto, Rafael C., et al.
(författare)
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Coupled electron-nuclear dynamics in resonant 1σ→2π x-ray Raman scattering of CO molecules
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Physical Review A (Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics). - 1050-2947. ; 93:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a detailed experimental-theoretical analysis of O K-edge resonant 1σ-2π inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) from carbon monoxide with unprecedented energy resolution. We employ high-level ab initio calculations to compute the potential energy curves of the states involved in the RIXS process and simulate the measured RIXS spectra using the wave-packet-propagation formalism, including Coulomb coupling in the final-state manifold. The theoretical analysis allows us to explain all the key features of the experimental spectra, including some that were not seen before. First, we clearly show the interference effect between different RIXS channels corresponding to the transition via orthogonal Πx1 and Πy1 core-excited states of CO. Second, the RIXS region of 13 eV energy loss presents a triple structure, revealed only by the high-resolution measurement. In previous studies, this region was attributed solely to a valence state. Here we show a strong Coulomb mixing of the Rydberg and valence final states, which opens the forbidden RIXS channels to the "dark" final Rydberg states and drastically changes the RIXS profile. Third, using a combination of high-resolution experiment and high-level theory, we improve the |4σ-12π1) final-state potential-energy curve by fitting its bottom part with the experiment. Also, the coupling constants between Rydberg and valence states were refined via comparison with the experiment. Our results illustrate the large potential of the RIXS technique for advanced studies of highly excited states of neutral molecules.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Ekholm, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Vocational rehabilitation : Editorial
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 41:3, s. 113-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Jakobsson, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Do systematic multiprofessional rehabilitation group meetings improve efficiency in vocational rehabilitation?
- 2005
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 24:3, s. 279-290
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to investigate differences in the effects on employment between clients whose rehabilitation was coordinated in systematic multiprofessional rehabilitation group meetings and clients whose rehabilitation was coordinated in the "conventional" way. METHOD: The study was based on a sample of 51 individuals who received systematic group meeting coordination. All individuals in the study group were unemployed before the rehabilitation intervention. Two different comparison groups were chosen: one at a local level and another at a national level. The groups were matched on an individual level based on records obtained from The National Labour Market Board (AMS) and The National Social Insurance Board (RFV). The data were analysed by an analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures for binary responses. RESULTS: 68.6% in the study group and 49% in both the local comparison group and national group had some form of employment 24 months after rehabilitation. The ANOVA analyses (in terms of odds ratio) found that when all measurement points (6, 12 and 24 months after the rehabilitation) were included in the calculations that there was twice as high a chance of becoming employed after having received rehabilitation services through the multiprofessional group than for both comparison groups. The majority of employment in all the groups was associated with some form of subsidy or sheltered employment.
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| 15. |
- Jakobsson, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Improved employment rates after multiprofessional cross-sector cooperation in vocational rehabilitation: A 6-year follow-up with comparison groups
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. - 0342-5282 .- 1473-5660. ; 33:1, s. 72-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to better understand the long-term effects of an improved model for cooperation on employment between rehabilitation professionals in vocational rehabilitation (VR). To compare these effects with those associated with the traditional model of cooperation. The study featured a group of patients who participated in a developmental project. All of the patients had some degree of restricted work capacity, which was evidenced somatically as well as mentally/socially. They had all experienced long periods of unemployment during the 2-year period before the intervention. A 'natural experiment study design' that relied on database records was used. Using matching criteria, we identified 'social twins' from a government register to create comparison groups at the local, county and national levels (n=4×51 patients). Repeated-measures analysis of variance and logistic regression were used to analyse the data. The majority (59%) of the study group was employed 3 years after the intervention compared with 39 and 41% in the two matched control groups, respectively. The corresponding figures after 6 years were 51 versus 39 and 37%. An individual with a somatically restricted work capacity was about twice as likely to secure gainful employment following VR as compared with an individual with a mentally/socially restricted work capacity. In conclusion, the study focused on an improved method of cooperation between rehabilitation actors in the context of VR programmes. A model that included systematic multiprofessional cross-sector group meetings was explored, and we concluded that a substantial percentage of the enrolled patients successfully secured employment over a 6-year period. This percentage exceeded that of matched pairs in a county and national group; we presume that these groups represented 'the usual form of cooperation'.
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| 16. |
- Jakobsson, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-professional vocational rehabilitation group meetings with female clients - a qualitative study.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 30:4, s. 413-421
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many women require vocational rehabilitation before they can return to work. The objective with the present study was to describe female clients' situation during the rehabilitation process, as it became apparent during the rehabilitation meetings with the various actors involved. The clients' diagnoses varied, but the majority was affected with musculoskeletal disorders. The meetings were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim, after which they were analysed by qualitative content analysis. The following themes emerged: Adaptation to the rehabilitation group; client's health status; the workplace's significance for rehabilitation; and the client's decision-point. Conflict between health and work was immensely important for rehabilitation. Differences in attitude were apparent during the rehabilitation meetings, as some clients were passive and exercised less influence on the planning, than the other more active clients did.
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| 17. |
- Jansen, Gunilla Brodda, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in symptoms, functioning, and quality of life between women on long-term sick-leave with musculoskeletal pain with and without concomitant depression.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare. - 1178-2390. ; 4, s. 281-292
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim was to describe the differences in symptoms, functioning and quality of life between women on long-term sick-leave due to protracted musculoskeletal pain with and without concomitant depression.DESIGN: Descriptive and comparisons with/without comorbid depression.METHODS: 332 female patients were examined by three specialist physicians in psychiatry, orthopedic surgery, and rehabilitation medicine and assigned to four groups according to the ICD-10 diagnoses: low back/joint disorders (LBJ, n = 150), myalgia (M, n = 43), fibromyalgia (FM, n = 87), or depression without somatic pain diagnosis (DE, n = 52).RESULTS: Patients with somatic pain conditions LBJ, M, or FM showed more activity-related difficulties if concomitant depression was present during the activities 'focusing attention', 'making decisions', and 'undertaking a single task'; and in the domains 'energy level', 'memory functions', 'emotional functions', and 'optimism/pessimism'. Patients with FM and concomitant depression perceived higher pain intensity than patients in group DE. No statistically significant differences in physically related activities were noted between each of the somatic pain conditions with and without coexisting depression. FM patients with coexisting depression reported fewer painful sites on their pain drawings compared with FM-patients without depression. Patients with LBJ or FM and concomitant depression reported lower quality of life in the dimensions vitality, social functioning, emotional role, and mental health. Comorbid depression affected disability and restricted working capacity by reducing mental activity and functioning but not by affecting physical activity problems.CONCLUSION: Women on long-term sick-leave, who have concomitant depression with LBJ or FM, also have more difficulties in focusing attention, making decisions, and carrying out tasks, and with memory functions and optimism/pessimism, as well as reduced quality of life in the dimensions of vitality, social functioning, emotional role, and mental health, than female patients without comorbid depression. As a consequence we suggest further efforts to integrate somatic and psychiatric interventions in the same rehabilitation program.
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| 18. |
- Kärrholm, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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The views of sick-listed employees' immediate superiors on co-operation in vocational rehabilitation.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 29:2, s. 101-111
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The purpose of this research was to investigate the views of sick-listed employees' immediate superiors on co-operation in vocational rehabilitation before and during a systematic, multi-professional, client-centred, solution-oriented co-operation project in vocational rehabilitation (SMVR intervention). METHOD: A same-subject study with a questionnaire was used, with 95 immediate superiors giving their views on co-operation both before and during the SMVR intervention. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The immediate superiors felt that the SMVR intervention was successful in promoting co-operation, and reported a significant decrease in referrals of employees from one organisation to another without the problem being resolved. Hence SMVR co-operation was experienced positively by the immediate superiors and in fact led to a joint responsibility in finding solutions. The immediate superiors saw greater possibilities than before for employees to resume regular or other jobs during the SMVR intervention. A more elaborate co-operation model such as the SMVR intervention increased the immediate superiors' experience of successful vocational rehabilitation. Organizations seeking to increase efficiency in vocational rehabilitation might well analyse their work methods and improve their forms of co-operation.
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| 19. |
- Linder, Juergen, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term sick-leavers with difficulty in resuming work : comparisons between psychiatric-somatic co-morbidity and monodiagnosis
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. - 0342-5282 .- 1473-5660. ; 32:1, s. 20-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The number of patients with difficulty in resuming work after long-term sick leave has increased in several European countries including Sweden. The general aim of this study was a comprehensive description - based on multidisciplinary diagnostics and assessments - of patients with the common feature of marked difficulty in resuming working life after a long absence. A particular aim was to elucidate the possible effect of comorbidity on pain descriptors, disability, quality of life, assessed working ability and rehabilitation needs. Six hundred and thirty-five long-term sick leavers were referred from National Insurance Offices and consecutively accepted for investigation. Several self-report questionnaires were used. All patients were examined by three board-certified specialist physicians in psychiatry, orthopaedic surgery and rehabilitation medicine, respectively. Fifty-five percent of the patients had psychiatric-somatic comorbidity. The three most frequent combinations of diagnoses in the comorbidity group were fibromyalgia/myalgia and depressive episode, fibromyalgia/myalgia and recurrent depression, spinal pain and depressive episode, whereas the three most frequent in those with psychiatric diagnosis only were depressive episode, recurrent depression, phobias/anxiety. Differences in pain descriptors and in difficulties with activities were found among the three groups. All had lower health-related quality of life than references. Only one-sixth had no assessed working capacity and only 3% were assessed as able to resume work without rehabilitation; 80% were multidisciplinarily assessed as needing rehabilitation. Patients with psychiatric diagnoses, with or without concomitant somatic diagnoses, need medical rehabilitation or medical/vocational rehabilitation in combination to a greater extent than patients with somatic diagnoses only. This implies that medical rehabilitation programmes ought to adapt increasingly to the needs of patients with psychiatric-somatic comorbidity.
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| 20. |
- Linder, Jurgen, et al.
(författare)
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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SLEEP DISTURBANCE, PAIN, DEPRESSION AND FUNCTIONING IN LONG-TERM SICK-LISTED PATIENTS EXPERIENCING DIFFICULTY IN RESUMING WORK
- 2014
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION MEDICINE. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1651-2081 .- 1650-1977. ; 46:8, s. 798-805
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To describe the frequency of reported sleeping, depression and pain problems, the severity of these problems and the degree of self-estimated difficulties in mental functions and activities in relation to the sleep disturbance and pain category group in patients on long-term sick-leave. Design: Cross-sectional study. Patients: A total of 1206 patients experiencing difficulty in resuming work. Methods: Patient examinations by specialists in psychiatry, orthopaedic surgery and rehabilitation medicine. Validated questionnaires, including status regarding depression, sleep, pain and functioning were used. Results: The prevalence of sleep disturbance was 83%; 74% of the patients with moderate/severe sleep disturbance also had moderate/severe pain problems and 26% had no/mild pain problems. Fifty-seven percent of the patients with no/mild sleep disturbance and 83% of the patients with moderate/severe sleep disturbance also had depression. The degree of difficulty in performing the 6 selected International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health activities and mental functions was higher for the category with moderate/severe sleep problems, compared with those with no/mild sleep problems. Conclusion: To optimize rehabilitation for patients on long-term sick-leave experiencing difficulties in returning to work, the results indicate a need also to focus attention on sleep problems and not only on pain and depression. This may entail the planning of measures to improve decision-making and concentration and alleviate lassitude, fatigability, sadness and pessimistic thoughts.
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| 21. |
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Rehabiliteringsvetenskap - Rehabilitering till arbetslivet i ett flerdisciplinärt perspektiv, upplaga 3
- 2015
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Boken går igenom olika verksamhetsområden som handhar rehabilitering med inriktning på ansvar och skyldigheter. Även sjukskrivningens komplexitet, principerna bakom rehabilitering, individperspektivet med den försäkrades rättigheter och ansvar i en rehabiliteringssituation, rätten till ersättning med fokus på rekvisiten sjukdom och arbetsoförmåga gås igenom. Funktionstillstånd och funktionshinder analyseras i ett sjukfrånvaroperspektiv. Hindrande och underlättande faktorer vid rehabilitering till arbete behandlas liksom samverkan mellan rehabiliteringsaktörer, olika rehabiliteringsmodeller, ekonomi och rehabilitering inom EU.
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| 22. |
- Sandqvist, Jan, 1968-
(författare)
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Development and Evaluation of Validity and Utility of the Instrument Assessment of Work Performance (AWP)
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The last decades have shown a great need for vocational rehabilitation due to high levels of absenteeism due to sickness and disability pension. An essential part of the vocational rehabilitation process is assessment of persons with reduced work functioning. Adequate and reliable methods for assessment of clients with work disabilities are crucial for both the individuals who are assessed and for society as a whole. Sound and precise work assessments are needed to guide clients to suitable interventions using a minimum of rehabilitation resources. However, work function assessments are complex and there is confusion over work assessment concepts. Therefore, further development and evaluation of adequate concepts and theoretical models within the area of work assessment is needed. Furthermore, vocational rehabilitation lacks adequate and reliable assessment instruments, especially instruments used to observe clients.This dissertation thesis focuses specifically on the following:- Development of a conceptual framework for assessment of work functioning [Study I]- Development and evaluation of validity and utility of the observation instrument Assessment of Work Performance (AWP) [Study II-IV]Study I proposes a conceptual framework for different dimensions of work functioning and highlights important factors for work assessment. The study also creates a framework to define the purpose, delimination, and possible assessment outcomes of the assessment instrument AWP.Study II develops an observation instrument for assessment of work performance, the Assessment of Work Performance (AWP) and conducts an initial evaluation of face validity and utility for the instrument. The initial evaluation in study II was made within a group of 21 assessors in Sweden, and the result indicated face validity and utility for the AWP, a result that supported further development and evaluation of the instrument.Study III investigates the content validity and utility of the AWP. A questionnaire was answered by 67 respondents who used the AWP in various vocational rehabilitation settings in Sweden. The result indicated content validity and utility for the AWP.Study IV investigates the construct validity of the instrument AWP. This study is based on 364 assessments with the AWP (version 1.1). The clients had various work-related problems and went through an insurance medicine investigation at a Social Insurance Office in Sweden between 2004 and 2005. The major findings in this study indicated that the AWP has construct validity, sensitivity, and the ability to discriminate between clients. It is also gender neutral.The future evaluation of AWP will comprise testing of predictive validity, inter-rater reliability and internal consistency reliability as well as an evaluation of how and with what results the instrument can be combined with other work-related assessment instruments.
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| 23. |
- Ahlgren, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Disability pension despite vocational rehabilitation : A study from six social insurance offices of a county
- 2005
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Ingår i: International Journal of Rehabilitation Reserch. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0342-5282 .- 1473-5660. ; 28:1, s. 33-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many long-term sick-listed individuals move from vocational rehabilitation to pension, rather than reaching the goal of return to work. There is thus reason to consider whether rehabilitation resources are being used optimally. Individuals receiving disability pensions are consuming financial and personnel resources at the insurance offices and also consume a large amount of health care. The general objective of the study was to evaluate the proportion of individuals granted vocational rehabilitation but then obtaining temporary or permanent disability pensions. All persons receiving any kind of rehabilitation and attending one of six local national insurance offices in a county in Sweden in 1998 and 1999 were studied. A 2-year follow-up was carried out to assess changes in status among those who had received temporary disability pensions. Of all individuals receiving rehabilitation, 46.2% ended up with a disability pension allowance. In addition, a large portion of the temporary disability pensions was transformed to permanent disability pensions within 2 years. For clients with a temporary disability pension, the rate of resuming work was close to nil. Among rehabilitation measures, investigation showed the lowest figures of work resumption while job training showed the best outcome in this respect. The study concluded that a large portion of the financial and personnel resources allocated by the national insurance offices to rehabilitation resulted in disability pensions.
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| 24. |
- Ahlgren, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Work resumption or not after rehabilitation? : A descriptive study from six social insurance offices.
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0342-5282 .- 1473-5660. ; 27:3, s. 171-180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to describe measures and outcomes of vocational rehabilitation at six local national insurance offices in the same county in Sweden. Data were collected from mainframe registers and other records at each office. There were great differences in sickness allowance, incapacity rate, selected rehabilitation measures and resuming work. The percentage of sick-listed people who received any rehabilitation measure differed from 1.2 to 8.7%. The gender distribution for the study population was 36% men and 64% women and the predominant diagnosis was musculoskeletal pain conditions, which was followed by psychiatric disorders. Outcomes varied from office B, which reported 58% fully fit after completed planned rehabilitation, to office C, which reported only 24% fully fit. The clear differences in outcome between the offices indicate that various rehabilitation measures differ in effectiveness. The rehabilitation measure 'investigation of working ability' was not linked to any great proportion of people resuming work, but showed a greater correspondence to full disability pension. There were also large differences in social and demographic factors in the different municipalities. The effect of these on the rehabilitation process requires further investigation.
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| 25. |
- Alricsson, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Mobility, muscular strength and endurance in the cervical spine in Swedish air force pilots
- 2001
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Ingår i: Aviation, Space and Environmental Medicine. - 0095-6562 .- 1943-4448. ; 72:4, s. 336-342
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Muscle strength, endurance and range of movement of the cervical spine in a group of Swedish Air Force jet pilots (AF) and in a reference group of conscripts doing their military service (RG) were compared. METHODS: We tested 30 (AF) 24-42 yr and 33 (RG) 19-22 yr. A questionnaire was used to document complaints. Maximum voluntary isometric muscle strength of the flexor and extensor muscles of the cervical spine and sub-maximum isometric endurance in the flexor and extensor muscles were measured. RESULTS: Eleven AF (37%) and four RG (12%) had experienced discomfort in the neck within the previous year. The pilots' flexor and extensor muscle strength (47 Nm and 65 Nm) was superior to that of the conscripts (36 Nm and 59 Nm) (p = 0.0001, p = < 0.05, respectively). However, the RG group had greater isometric endurance in the flexor muscles than AF (p = < 0.05) and greater neck rotation (p = <0.005). There was no difference between the two groups in the other variables. CONCLUSION: Differences between the groups with regard to muscle strength and endurance might depend on variations in work-related physical muscle strain, and/or differences in fiber composition in the muscles, which might be reflected by pilot selection procedures.
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| 26. |
- Banerjee, Ambar, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Simulating fluorine K -edge resonant inelastic x-ray scattering of sulfur hexafluoride and the effect of dissociative dynamics
- 2023
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Ingår i: Physical Review A: covering atomic, molecular, and optical physics and quantum information. - : American Physical Society (APS). - 2469-9926 .- 2469-9934. ; 108:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on a computational study of resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS), at different fluorine K-edge resonances of the SF6 molecule, and corresponding nonresonant x-ray emission. Previously measured polarization dependence in RIXS is reproduced and traced back to the local σ and π symmetry of the molecular orbitals and corresponding states involved in the RIXS process. Also electron-hole coupling energies are calculated and related to experimentally observed spectator shifts. The role of dissociative S-F bond dynamics is explored to model detuning of RIXS spectra at the |F1s-16a1g1) resonance, which shows challenges to accurately reproduce the required steepness for core-excited potential energy surface. We show that the RIXS spectra can only be properly described by considering breaking of the global inversion symmetry of the electronic wave function and core-hole localization, induced by vibronic coupling. Due to the core-hole localization we have symmetry forbidden transitions, which lead to additional resonances and changing width of the RIXS profile.
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| 27. |
- Björnsson, I., et al.
(författare)
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Implementation framework for bim-based risk management
- 2018
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Ingår i: eWork and eBusiness in Architecture, Engineering and Construction : Proceedings of the 12th European Conference on Product and Process Modelling, ECPPM 2018 - Proceedings of the 12th European Conference on Product and Process Modelling, ECPPM 2018. - : CRC Press. - 9781138584136 - 9780429506215 ; , s. 297-303
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is currently an imbalance with regards to the way that risks are treated in construction projects. Risks associated with structural failures as well as construction safety risks are often in focus while building performance risks (e.g. related to moisture or energy performance) receive less attention. These types of risks often disproportionately affect the end users/owners and can in many cases be avoided given adequate access to relevant knowledge by the process actors. The modern construction process, which relies heavily on digitization and automation, provides an opportunity for improving the awareness and management of building performance risks. The current paper presents a conceptual framework for the implementation of BIM-based risk management in the modern construction process. A knowledge delivery system is envisioned which will make risk relevant information available to the process actors thereby improving risk awareness and enabling risk informed decision making. In contrast with earlier implementation attempts, risk information will be made available to construction objects structured according to existing, commercially available, building classification system(s). An implemented system should provide automated support to identification of potential risks associated with different construction solutions and enable the process actors to make informed decisions concerning the treatment of these risks in construction projects.
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| 28. |
- Brynhildsen, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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The importance of maternal BMI on infants birth weight in four BMI groups for the period 1978-2001
- 2009
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Ingår i: ACTA OBSTETRICIA ET GYNECOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA. - : Wiley. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 88:4, s. 391-396
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To study whether increased maternal weight and other factors of importance is associated with higher birth weights of the children over a period of almost 25 years. Design. Retrospective cohort study. Setting. Delivery wards in southeast Sweden. Sample. A total of 4,330 delivered women and their children from the years 1978, 1986, 1992, 1997, and 2001. Methods. Analysis of covariance was used to evaluate the importance of the mothers body mass index (BMI) on the childrens birth weights during the study years and smoking, parity, employment, gestational age, and the age of the mothers were adjusted for. Main outcome measures. Weight of the offspring in relation to maternal BMI and possible confounders such as smoking, parity, employment, gestational age, and the age of the mother. Results. Between 1978 and 1992, there was an increase in birth weight in each of the four BMI categories (i.e. BMI20, 20-24.9, 25-29.9 and 30, respectively) even after adjustments were made for relevant background characteristics (p0.001). However, between 1992 and 2001, the birth weight for children whose mothers had a BMI of less than 20 or between 20 and 24.9 decreased (p0.001). For almost every study year, the mothers BMI was of significant influence on the childrens birth weights. However, the proportion of variance explained by the models (i.e. the adjusted R2) was not substantially altered when the mothers BMI was excluded from the models. Conclusion. Maternal BMI is of significance to explain trends in infants birth weight over time, but not of sole importance.
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| 29. |
- Brynhildsen, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Trends in body mass index during early pregnancy in Swedish women 1978-2001
- 2006
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Ingår i: Public Health. - : Elsevier BV. - 0033-3506 .- 1476-5616. ; 120:5, s. 393-399
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: to study the body mass index (BMI) in women seeking maternity health care during early pregnancy in Sweden, and to show trends for a period of more than 20 years. Study design: register study. Methods: data from the maternity health programme on consecutively delivered women in two Swedish hospitals were collected for the years 1978, 1986, 1992, 1997 and 2001. All women were weighed at their first midwife visit between 8 and 10 weeks of gestation and height was also measured. Results: data on 4883 women were collected. Data on weight were available for 4490 (92%) women and data on BMI were available for 4378 (90%) women. The age-adjusted average weight increased from 59.5 kg in 1978 to 68.2 kg in 2001, and the BMI increased from 21.7 in 1978 to 24.7 in 2001. In 2001, 38.6% of the women had a BMI >25 compared with 11.2 in 1978. In 2001, 11.6% of the women were obese compared with 2.2% in 1978. Conclusions: during the last two decades, an alarming increase in weight has occurred in Swedish women of childbearing age. © 2005.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Connolly, Stuart J., et al.
(författare)
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Andexanet for Factor Xa Inhibitor-Associated Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage
- 2024
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Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - 0028-4793. ; 390:19, s. 1745-1755
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage who are receiving factor Xa inhibitors have a risk of hematoma expansion. The effect of andexanet alfa, an agent that reverses the effects of factor Xa inhibitors, on hematoma volume expansion has not been well studied. Methods We randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, patients who had taken factor Xa inhibitors within 15 hours before having an acute intracerebral hemorrhage to receive andexanet or usual care. The primary end point was hemostatic efficacy, defined by expansion of the hematoma volume by 35% or less at 12 hours after baseline, an increase in the score on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale of less than 7 points (scores range from 0 to 42, with higher scores indicating worse neurologic deficit) at 12 hours, and no receipt of rescue therapy between 3 hours and 12 hours. Safety end points were thrombotic events and death. Results A total of 263 patients were assigned to receive andexanet, and 267 to receive usual care. Efficacy was assessed in an interim analysis that included 452 patients, and safety was analyzed in all 530 enrolled patients. Atrial fibrillation was the most common indication for factor Xa inhibitors. Of the patients receiving usual care, 85.5% received prothrombin complex concentrate. Hemostatic efficacy was achieved in 150 of 224 patients (67.0%) receiving andexanet and in 121 of 228 (53.1%) receiving usual care (adjusted difference, 13.4 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.6 to 22.2; P=0.003). The median reduction from baseline to the 1-to-2-hour nadir in anti-factor Xa activity was 94.5% with andexanet and 26.9% with usual care (P<0.001). Thrombotic events occurred in 27 of 263 patients (10.3%) receiving andexanet and in 15 of 267 (5.6%) receiving usual care (difference, 4.6 percentage points; 95% CI, 0.1 to 9.2; P=0.048); ischemic stroke occurred in 17 patients (6.5%) and 4 patients (1.5%), respectively. There were no appreciable differences between the groups in the score on the modified Rankin scale or in death within 30 days. Conclusions Among patients with intracerebral hemorrhage who were receiving factor Xa inhibitors, andexanet resulted in better control of hematoma expansion than usual care but was associated with thrombotic events, including ischemic stroke. (Funded by Alexion AstraZeneca Rare Disease and others; ANNEXA-I ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03661528.).
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Ekholm, C., et al.
(författare)
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Mild haemophilia in Sweden
- 2010
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Ingår i: Haemophilia. - 1351-8216. ; 16, s. 90-90
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 36. |
- Ekholm, Elin, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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”A lot to fall back on” : Experiences of Dyspareunia among queer women
- 2022
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Ingår i: Psychology & Sexuality. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1941-9899 .- 1941-9902. ; 13:5, s. 1242-1255
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores the subjective experiences of dyspareunia among queer women in Sweden. Ten semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with five participants who were all interviewed on two separate occasions. Interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006). Dyspareunia was described as affecting the participants’ sexual activities, intimate relationships, and identity constructs. Reported struggles involved feelings of sadness, guilt, frustration, and fear of pain. Dyspareunia was described as threatening the participants’ queer identities through its effect on their ability to be sexual in idealized ways. However, queer experiences and communities were also found to be associated with advantages in pain management, such as well-developed sexual communication skills, anatomic similarity to their partner, access to non-heteronormative sexual scripts and a focus on nurturing desire. Queer related advantages in pain management are proposed to buffer to some extent against pain interference with sexual function and desire. Findings indicate that it is important to consider the unique relational and social context of queer women to understand their experiences of dyspareunia. More research is needed on the role of differences of normativities, context and communication in dyspareunia.
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| 37. |
- Ekholm, Victor, et al.
(författare)
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Anomalous surface behavior of hydrated guanidinium ions due to ion pairing
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 148:14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surface affinity of aqueous guanidinium chloride (GdmCl) is compared to that of aqueous tetrapropylammonium chloride (TPACl) upon addition of sodium chloride (NaCl) or disodium sulfate (Na2SO4). The experimental results have been acquired using the surface sensitive technique X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy on a liquid jet. Molecular dynamics simulations have been used to produce radial distribution functions and surface density plots. The surface affinities of both TPA(+) and Gdm(+) increase upon adding NaCl to the solution. With the addition of Na2SO4, the surface affinity of TPA(+) increases, while that of Gdm(+) decreases. From the results of MD simulations it is seen that Gdm(+) and SO42- ions form pairs. This finding can be used to explain the decreased surface affinity of Gdm(+) when co-dissolved with SO42- ions. Since SO42- ions avoid the surface due to the double charge and strong water interaction, the Gdm(+)-SO42- ion pair resides deeper in the solutions' bulk than the Gdm(+) ions. Since TPA(+) does not form ion pairs with SO42-, the TPA(+) ions are instead enriched at the surface.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Ekholm, V., et al.
(författare)
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Core-hole localization and ultra-fast dissociation in SF6
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics B. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-4075 .- 1361-6455. ; 53:18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering spectra excited at the fluorine K resonances of SF(6)have been recorded. While a small but significant propensity for electronically parity-allowed transitions is found, the observation of parity-forbidden electronic transitions is attributed to vibronic coupling that breaks the global inversion symmetry of the electronic wavefunction and localizes the core hole. The dependence of the scattering cross section on the polarization of the incident radiation and the scattering angle is interpreted in terms of local pi/sigma symmetry around the S-F bond. This symmetry selectivity prevails during the dissociation that occurs during the scattering process.
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| 40. |
- Ekholm, Victor, 1989-
(författare)
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Ion pairing and Langmuir-like adsorption at aqueous surfaces studied by core-level spectroscopy
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Surface-bulk equilibria for solutes in aqueous solutions are studied using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) with high surface and chemical sensitivity. In the first part, the results show a reduction of the biochemically relevant guanidinium ions’ surface propensity with the addition of disodium sulphate due to ion pairing with the strongly hydrated sulphate ion, which could have implications for protein folding. Thereafter, the work considers amphiphilic organic compounds related to atmospheric science where the surface propensities, orientations at the surface and solute-solute and solute-solvent interactions are investigated. In the second part, two linear organic ions are investigated both as single solutes and in mixture. Both organic ions are surface enriched on their own and even more in the mixed solute solution. Due to hydrophobic expulsion of the alkyl chains, ion pairing between the organic ions and van der Waals interaction, the organic ions seem to assemble in clusters with their alkyl chains pointing out of the surface. The third part also covers linear organic compounds but one at a time probing the surface concentration as a function of bulk concentration. A Langmuir-like adsorption behavior was observed and Gibb’s free energy of surface adsorption (ΔGAds) values were extracted. An empiric model for deriving values for ΔGAds is proposed based upon the seemingly linear change in ΔGAds per carbon when comparing alcohols of different chain lengths. The fourth part investigates the acid/base fraction at the surface as function of bulk pH. The most important factor for this fraction seems to be how the surface propensity varies with the charge state of the acid or base instead of a possible difference in pH or pKa value at the surface. In the fifth part the oxygen K-edge of aqueous carbonate and bicarbonate is probed with the bulk-sensitive Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) technique.
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| 41. |
- Ekholm, Victor, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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Strong enrichment of atmospherically relevant organic ions at the aqueous interface : the role of ion pairing and cooperative effects
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP. - : ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY. - 1463-9076 .- 1463-9084. ; 20:42, s. 27185-27191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surface affinity, orientation and ion pairing are investigated in mixed and single solute systems of aqueous sodium hexanoate and hexylammonium chloride. The surface sensitive X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy technique has been used to acquire the experimental results, while the computational data have been calculated using molecular dynamics simulations. By comparing the single solute solutions with the mixed one, we observe a non-linear surface enrichment and reorientation of the organic ions with their alkyl chains pointing out of the aqueous surface. We ascribe this effect to ion paring between the charged functional groups on the respective organic ion and hydrophobic expulsion of the alkyl chains from the surface in combination with van der Waals interactions between the alkyl chains. These cooperative effects lead to a substantial surface enrichment of organic ions, with consequences for aerosol surface properties.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Escorpizo, Reuben, et al.
(författare)
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A Conceptual Definition of Vocational Rehabilitation Based on the ICF : Building a Shared Global Model
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of occupational rehabilitation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1053-0487 .- 1573-3688. ; 21:2, s. 126-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a conceptual framework and classification system by the World Health Organization (WHO) to understand functioning. The objective of this discussion paper is to offer a conceptual definition for vocational rehabilitation (VR) based on the ICF. Method We presented the ICF as a model for application in VR and the rationale for the integration of the ICF. We also briefly reviewed other work disability models. Results Five essential elements of foci were found towards a conceptual definition of VR: an engagement or re-engagement to work, along a work continuum, involved health conditions or events leading to work disability, patient-centered and evidence-based, and is multi-professional or multidisciplinary. Conclusions VR refers to a multi-professional approach that is provided to individuals of working age with health-related impairments, limitations, or restrictions with work functioning and whose primary aim is to optimize work participation. We propose that the ICF and VR interface be explored further using empirical and qualitative works and encouraging stakeholders' participation.
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| 44. |
- Gustafsson, Monika, et al.
(författare)
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From shame to respect : musculoskeletal pain patients' experience of a rehabilitation programme, a qualitative study
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - Oslo : Taylor & Francis. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 36:3, s. 97-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This study aimed to describe and analyse how participants with fibromyalgia or chronic, widespread, musculoskeletal pain, 1 year after completion, experienced a rehabilitation programme; and what knowledge and strategies they had gained.Design, methods and subjects: Semi-structured interviews with 16 female patients were analysed using the grounded theory method of constant comparison.Results: One core category, from shame to respect, and 4 categories, developing body awareness/knowledge, setting limits, changing self-image and negative counterbalancing factors, and hopelessness and frustration over one's employment situation emerged from the data. The core category represents a process where the informants changed emotionally. Three categories were identified as important for starting and maintaining the process, one category affected the process negatively.Conclusion: The rehabilitation programme started the process of change, from shame to respect. The informants learned new strategies for handling their pain and other symptoms; they improved their self-image and communication in their social environment.
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| 45. |
- Hammarskjöld, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of short-time vibration exposure on work movements with carpenters' hand tools
- 1991
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Ingår i: International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. - 0169-8141 .- 1872-8219. ; 8:2, s. 125-134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of ac ute vibration exposure on manual performance. Ten experienced healthy carpenters performed three standardized common tasks (nailing, sawing, screwing). EMG activity was recorded from six arm-shoulder muscles/muscle group using surface electrodes, and the performances were video-filmed. The subjects also reted their exertions. After ten minutes of standardized vibration exposure (50 Hz, 20 m/s2) the tasks were repeated. The number of work movements and the time taken for each task were recorded. In addition the quality of the work performed after the first and second trials was compared. Changes in muscle activity were mainly increased activity in trapezius. The most active muscles, with EMG mean values exceeding 10% EMGmax, were trapezius (mean values 9-21% EMGmax, infraspinatus (mean 6-18% EMGmax) and flexor digitorum (mean 15-21% EMGmax). Only rating perceived exertion while nailing was higher after vibration. Vibration exposure seemed to be very individually perceived. Short-time exposure did not seem to influence the performance of well-known tasks.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Hedenström, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Conformations and Receptor Activity of Desmopressin Analogues, Which Contain -Turn Mimetics or a [CH2O] Isostere
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-2623 .- 1520-4804. ; 45:12, s. 2501-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three analogues of the antidiuretic drug desmopressin ([1-desamino,8-D-arginine]vasopressin) have been prepared. In two of these, -turn mimetics based on a morpholin-3-one framework have been inserted instead of residues Phe3-Asn5, whereas the third analogue has a methylene ether isostere in place of the amide bond between residues 3 and 4. The three analogues were used to probe if the structure determined for desmopressin in aqueous solution, which contains an inverse -turn centered around Gln4, is important in interactions with the vasopressin V2 receptor. Conformational studies revealed that the analogues that contain either an inverse -turn mimetic or a methylene ether isostere mimicked the conformation of desmopressin fairly well and very well, respectively. Despite this, the analogues displayed only very low agonistic activities at the vasopressin V2 receptor. Consequently, an inverse -turn involving residues Phe3-Asn5 does not appear to be important when desmopressin is bound to the V2 receptor. In addition, it was concluded that the amide bond between Phe3 and Gln4 in desmopressin is crucial for interactions with the antidiuretic V2 receptor.
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| 48. |
- Jakobsson, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Improved co-operation in vocational rehabilitation with systematic rehabilitation group meetings.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 24:14, s. 734-740
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The present aim was to investigate the communicative pattern in two rehabilitation groups. The rehabilitation group consisted of the client, a supervisor, an employer representative, an occupational health physician, a rehabilitation counsellor from the national social insurance office and a support person. METHOD: Participatory observation of 22 rehabilitation meetings. The communication was tape-recorded and transcribed word for word. The transcripts were coded and analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The client made the most utterances in the groups, but most often in the form of answers to questions from the other actors. Following the client, the physician made the next most frequent utterances, most often as questions. The subjects most discussed concerned the client's situation regarding work, health and material support. None of the "professionals" dominated the meetings, although one picture that emerged was that the physician and employer representative played more prominent roles as takers of initiative and as coordinators while the client was more passive than the other actors. The discussions were calm and much latitude was allowed for the participants to put forward their own requirements, thoughts and feelings. The rehabilitation group may be viewed as a meeting place for "experts" and clients. The further management of the rehabilitation was by the actor the client most immediately needed. In this, rehabilitation in the rehabilitation group differs from the "case management" common in the rehabilitation field.
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| 49. |
- Jakobsson, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Rehabilitering i Samverkan En process- och registerstudie av Betagruppens arbete i Kungsbacka kommun
- 2004
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med föreliggande rapport är att undersöka den fortsatta utvecklingen av arbetsmetoden; systematiserade flerpartssamtal och att studera effekterna av rehabiliteringsarbetet i Betagruppen. Den föregående utvärderingen av Betaprojektet hade en före- och efterdesign och det var inte så lätt att ställa resultaten av utvärderingen i relation till mera �konventionell� handläggning av rehabiliteringsärenden. För att få en uppfattning om effekterna av Betas arbetssätt jämförs i denna studie Betas arbetssätt med effekter av att arbeta mera �konventionellt�. I studien matchas Betagruppen med individer från andra kommuner i närområdet som har en liknande struktur som Kungsbacka kommun. Dessutom görs också en jämförelse med en riksgrupp. För att få fram effekter av de båda arbetssätten används registerstudier och för att få fram kunskaper om Betagruppens utveckling av samverkan mellan rehabiliteringsaktörerna och eventuella förändringar används gruppintervjuer och enkät.
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| 50. |
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