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- Andersson, Lise-Lotte, et al.
(author)
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Identification of Excited States in 61Ga: Mirror Nuclei in the Upper fp Shell
- 2005
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In: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 71:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the fusion-evaporation reaction Ca-40+Mg-24 at 104 MeV beam energy, excited states have been observed for the first time in the isotope Ga-31(61)30. The experimental setup comprised the Ge array CLARION, a recoil mass spectrometer and, in its focal plane, an ionization chamber. Five transitions in Ga-61 are identified, out of which a cascade of three transitions has been established by means of recoil-gammagamma coincidences. The strong transitions at 271 keV in Ga-61 and 124 keV in Zn-61 are viewed as the "mirror" 5/2(-)-->3/2(-) ground-state transitions. The rather large energy difference of 150 keV is suggested to arise from Coulomb monopole contributions. Shell-model calculations support this interpretation.
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- Ferreira, D, et al.
(author)
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Distinct subtypes of Alzheimer's disease based on patterns of brain atrophy: longitudinal trajectories and clinical applications
- 2017
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In: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 7, s. 46263-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Atrophy patterns on MRI can reliably predict three neuropathological subtypes of Alzheimer’s disease (AD): typical, limbic-predominant, or hippocampal-sparing. A method to enable their investigation in the clinical routine is still lacking. We aimed to (1) validate the combined use of visual rating scales for identification of AD subtypes; (2) characterise these subtypes at baseline and over two years; and (3) investigate how atrophy patterns and non-memory cognitive domains contribute to memory impairment. AD patients were classified as either typical AD (n = 100), limbic-predominant (n = 33), or hippocampal-sparing (n = 35) by using the Scheltens’ scale for medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA), the Koedam’s scale for posterior atrophy (PA), and the Pasquier’s global cortical atrophy scale for frontal atrophy (GCA-F). A fourth group with no atrophy was also identified (n = 30). 230 healthy controls were also included. There was great overlap among subtypes in demographic, clinical, and cognitive variables. Memory performance was more dependent on non-memory cognitive functions in hippocampal-sparing and the no atrophy group. Hippocampal-sparing and the no atrophy group showed less aggressive disease progression. Visual rating scales can be used to identify distinct AD subtypes. Recognizing AD heterogeneity is important and visual rating scales may facilitate investigation of AD heterogeneity in clinical routine.
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- Gladnishki, KA, et al.
(author)
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Angular Momentum Population in the Projectile Fragmentation of 238U at 750 MeV/nucleon
- 2004
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In: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 69:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A systematic study of the population probabilities of nanosecond and microsecond isomers produced following the projectile fragmentation of U-238 at 750 MeV/nucleon has been undertaken at the SIS/FRS facility at GSI. Approximately 15 isomeric states in neutron-deficient nuclei around A similar to 190 were identified and the corresponding. isomeric ratios determined. The results are compared with a model based on the statistical abrasion-ablation description of relativistic fragmentation and simple assumptions concerning gamma cascades in the final nucleus (sharp cutoff). This model represents an upper limit for the population of isomeric states in relativistic projectile fragmentation. When the decay properties of the states above the isomer are taken into account, as opposed to the sharp cutoff approximation, a good agreement between the experimental and calculated angular momentum population is obtained.
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| 8. |
- Gladnishki, KA, et al.
(author)
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Isomer spectroscopy in the neutron-deficient lead region following projectile fragmentation
- 2003
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In: Acta Physica Polonica. Series B: Elementary Particle Physics, Nuclear Physics, Statistical Physics, Theory of Relativity, Field Theory. - 0587-4254. ; 34:4, s. 2395-2398
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Projectile fragmentation of a 750 MeV/nucleon U-238 beam was used to populate neutron-deficient nuclei around A similar to190. Isomeric states in Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi, and Po isotopes were identified and their lifetimes determined, with the ultimate aim of measuring their isomeric ratios to provide information on the spin population in such reactions.
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- Jiang, HT, et al.
(author)
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Plasma Levels of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and S100B in Relation to Antidepressant Response to Ketamine
- 2021
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In: Frontiers in neuroscience. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1662-4548 .- 1662-453X. ; 15, s. 698633-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Evidence demonstrates that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) have a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD) and they are proposed as predictors of antidepressant response. Ketamine produces rapid antidepressant effects in MDD and pre-clinical studies suggest the necessity of increased BDNF levels for the antidepressant action of ketamine. However, studies observing the change of blood BDNF levels after ketamine intervention are inconsistent and studies about the role of plasma S100B in ketamine administration in MDD patients are lacking.MethodWe evaluated mature BDNF (mBDNF), S100B levels in plasma and their associations with depression severity in 30 Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI)-resistant MDD patients enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of ketamine compared (n= 20) to a placebo (n= 10) control (saline). Severity of depression was assessed using the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS).ResultsPlasma mBDNF and S100B were not significantly changed after 1–2 days of single ketamine compared to placebo. Plasma mBDNF and S100B levels did not significantly differ in responders compared to non-responders of ketamine treatment. The change of plasma mBDNF levels was positively correlated with the improvement of MADRS score after 1–2 weeks of open-label ketamine treatment (rho = 0.495,p= 0.031), though this change did not survive correction for multiple comparisons.ConclusionThese findings do not support the hypothesis that ketamine treatment increases BDNF plasma levels in MDD patients. No effect of ketamine treatment on S100B plasma levels was seen.
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- Podolyak, Z, et al.
(author)
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High Angular Momentum States Populated in Fragmentation Reactions
- 2006
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In: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 632:2-3, s. 203-206
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The population of metastable states produced in relativistic-energy fragmentation of a U-238 beam has been measured. For states with angular momentum greater than or similar to 20h, a much higher population than expected has been observed. By introducing a collective component to the generation of angular momentum the experimental data can be understood. This is the first time that a collective degree of freedom has be shown to play a major role in such high-energy collisions. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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- Tiger, M, et al.
(author)
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A randomized placebo-controlled PET study of ketamine´s effect on serotonin1B receptor binding in patients with SSRI-resistant depression
- 2020
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In: Translational psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2158-3188. ; 10:1, s. 159-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The glutamate N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist ketamine has a rapid antidepressant effect. Despite large research efforts, ketamine’s mechanism of action in major depressive disorder (MDD) has still not been determined. In rodents, the antidepressant properties of ketamine were found to be dependent on both the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) and the serotonin (5-HT)1B receptor. Low 5-HT1B receptor binding in limbic brain regions is a replicated finding in MDD. In non-human primates, AMPA-dependent increase in 5-HT1B receptor binding in the ventral striatum (VST) has been demonstrated after ketamine infusion. Thirty selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor-resistant MDD patients were recruited via advertisement and randomized to double-blind monotherapy with 0.5 mg/kg ketamine or placebo infusion. The patients were examined with the 5-HT1B receptor selective radioligand [11C]AZ10419369 and positron emission tomography (PET) before and 24–72 h after treatment. 5-HT1B receptor binding did not significantly alter in patients treated with ketamine compared with placebo. An increase in 5-HT1B receptor binding with 16.7 % (p = 0.036) was found in the hippocampus after one ketamine treatment. 5-HT1B receptor binding in VST at baseline correlated with MDD symptom ratings (r = −0.426, p = 0.019) and with reduction of depressive symptoms with ketamine (r = −0.644, p = 0.002). In conclusion, reduction of depressive symptoms in MDD patients after ketamine treatment is correlated inversely with baseline 5-HT1B receptor binding in VST. Further studies examining the role of 5-HT1B receptors in the antidepressant mechanism of action of ketamine should be conducted, homing in on the 5-HT1B receptor as an MDD treatment response marker.
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