| 1. |
- Hansen, Lea B.S., et al.
(författare)
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A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723 .- 2041-1723. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2018, The Author(s). Adherence to a low-gluten diet has become increasingly common in parts of the general population. However, the effects of reducing gluten-rich food items including wheat, barley and rye cereals in healthy adults are unclear. Here, we undertook a randomised, controlled, cross-over trial involving 60 middle-aged Danish adults without known disorders with two 8-week interventions comparing a low-gluten diet (2 g gluten per day) and a high-gluten diet (18 g gluten per day), separated by a washout period of at least six weeks with habitual diet (12 g gluten per day). We find that, in comparison with a high-gluten diet, a low-gluten diet induces moderate changes in the intestinal microbiome, reduces fasting and postprandial hydrogen exhalation, and leads to improvements in self-reported bloating. These observations suggest that most of the effects of a low-gluten diet in non-coeliac adults may be driven by qualitative changes in dietary fibres.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Ahlford, Katrin, et al.
(författare)
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Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones Catalyzed by Amino Acid Derived Rhodium Complexes : On the Origin of Enantioselectivity and Enantioswitchability
- 2009
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Ingår i: Chemistry - A European Journal. - : Wiley. - 0947-6539 .- 1521-3765. ; 15:42, s. 11197-11209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Amino acid based thioamides, hydroxamic acids, and hydrazides have been evaluated as ligands in the rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of ketones in 2-propanol. Catalysts containing thioamide ligands derived from L-valine were found to selectively generate the product with an R configuration (95 % ee), whereas the corresponding L-valine-based hydroxamic acids or hydrazides facilitated the formation of the (S)-alcohols (97 and 91 % ee, respectively). The catalytic reduction was examined by performing a structure–activity correlation investigation with differently functionalized or substituted ligands and the results obtained indicate that the major difference between the thioamide and hydroxamic acid based catalysts is the coordination mode of the ligands. Kinetic experiments were performed and the rate constants for the reduction reactions were determined by using rhodium–arene catalysts derived from amino acid thioamide and hydroxamic acid ligands. The data obtained show that the thioamide-based catalyst systems demonstrate a pseudo-first-order dependence on the substrate, whereas pseudo-zero-order dependence was observed for the hydroxamic acid containing catalysts. Furthermore, the kinetic experiments revealed that the rate-limiting steps of the two catalytic systems differ. From the data obtained in the structure–activity correlation investigation and along with the kinetic investigation it was concluded that the enantioswitchable nature of the catalysts studied originates from different ligand coordination, which affects the rate-limiting step of the catalytic reduction reaction.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Ahlford, Marianne, et al.
(författare)
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Uppsala Underdogs - A Robot Soccer Project
- 2006
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- In this paper, we describe the four-legged soccer team Uppsala Underdogs developed by a group of 4th year computer science students at Uppsala University during the fall of 2004. The project is based on the experience from two similar previous projects. This year the emphasis of the project has been on distribution of data and on support for evaluation and reconfiguration of strategies. To support data distribution, a middleware has been developed, which implements a replication algorithm and provides a clean interface for the other software modules (or behaviors). To enable easy reconfiguration of strategies, an automata-based graphical description language has been developed, which can be compiled into code that uses the database and the lower level modules, such as tactics and positioning, to make decisions and control the robot. In addition, a graphical simulator has been developed in which the strategies can be evaluated.
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| 7. |
- Bergwik, Jesper, et al.
(författare)
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Binding of the human antioxidation protein α1-microglobulin (A1M) to heparin and heparan sulfate. Mapping of binding site, molecular and functional characterization, and co-localization in vivo and in vitro
- 2021
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Ingår i: Redox Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-2317. ; 41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heparin and heparan sulfate (HS) are linear sulfated disaccharide polymers. Heparin is found mainly in mast cells, while heparan sulfate is found in connective tissue, extracellular matrix and on cell membranes in most tissues. α1-microglobulin (A1M) is a ubiquitous protein with thiol-dependent antioxidant properties, protecting cells and matrix against oxidative damage due to its reductase activities and radical- and heme-binding properties. In this work, it was shown that A1M binds to heparin and HS and can be purified from human plasma by heparin affinity chromatography and size exclusion chromatography. The binding strength is inversely dependent of salt concentration and proportional to the degree of sulfation of heparin and HS. Potential heparin binding sites, located on the outside of the barrel-shaped A1M molecule, were determined using hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS). Immunostaining of endothelial cells revealed pericellular co-localization of A1M and HS and the staining of A1M was almost completely abolished after treatment with heparinase. A1M and HS were also found to be co-localized in vivo in the lungs, aorta, kidneys and skin of mice. The redox-active thiol group of A1M was unaffected by the binding to HS, and the cell protection and heme-binding abilities of A1M were slightly affected. The discovery of the binding of A1M to heparin and HS provides new insights into the biological role of A1M and represents the basis for a novel method for purification of A1M from plasma.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Ekström, Jesper, et al.
(författare)
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A Simple and Efficient Catalytic Method for the Reduction of Ketones
- 2007
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Ingår i: Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis. - : Wiley. - 1615-4150 .- 1615-4169. ; 349:10, s. 1609-1613
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A range of ketones was efficiently reduced in the presence of catalytic amounts of lithium isopropoxide in 2-propanol under microwave heating, with alcohol products being formed in yields up to 99 %.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Ekström, Jesper, et al.
(författare)
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Bio-inspired, side-on attachment of a ruthenium photosensitizer to an iron hydrogenase active site model
- 2006
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Ingår i: Dalton Transactions. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1477-9226 .- 1477-9234. ; :38, s. 4599-4606
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The first ruthenium - diiron complex [(mu- pdt) Fe-2(CO)(5){PPh2(C(6)H(4)CCbpy)} Ru(bpy)(2)](2+) 1 (pdt = propyldithiolate, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) is described in which the photoactive ruthenium trisbipyridyl unit is linked to a model of the iron hydrogenase active site by a ligand directly attached to one of the iron centers. Electrochemical and photophysical studies show that the light-induced MLCT excited state of the title complex is localized towards the potential diiron acceptor unit. However, the relatively mild potential required for the reduction of the acetylenic bipyridine together with the easily oxidized diiron portion leads to a reductive quenching of the excited state, instead. This process results in a transiently oxidized diiron unit which may explain the surprisingly high light sensitivity of complex 1.
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| 12. |
- Ekström, Jesper, 1979-
(författare)
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Transition Metal Hydrides : Biomimetic Studies and Catalytic Applications
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this thesis, studies of the nature of different transition metal-hydride complexes are described. The first part deals with the enantioswitchable behaviour of rhodium complexes derived from amino acids, applied in asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of ketones. We found that the use of amino acid thio amide ligands resulted in the formation of the R-configured product, whereas the use of the corresponding hydroxamic acid- or hydrazide ligands selectively gave the S-alcohol.Structure/activity investigations revealed that the stereochemical outcome of the catalytic reaction depends on the ligand mode of coordination.In the second part, an Fe hydrogenase active site model complex with a labile amine ligand has been synthesized and studied. The aim of this study was to find a complex that efficiently catalyzes the reduction of protons to molecular hydrogen under mild conditions. We found that the amine ligand functions as a mimic of the loosely bound ligand which is part of the active site in the hydrogenase.Further, an Fe hydrogenase active site model complex has been coupled to a photosensitizer with the aim of achieving light induced hydrogen production. The redox properties of the produced complex are such that no electron transfer from the photosensitizer part to the Fe moiety occurs.In the last part of this thesis, the development of a protocol for the transfer hydrogenation of ketones to secondary alcohols without the involvement of transition metal catalysts is described. A variety of ketones were efficiently reduced in 2-propanol using catalytic amounts of alkali alkoxide under microwave irradiation.
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| 13. |
- Ekström, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating the impact of data quality on the accuracy of the predicted energy performance for a fixed building design using probabilistic energy performance simulations and uncertainty analysis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Energy and Buildings. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-7788. ; 249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Probabilistic building performance simulations enables a method for evaluating how the data quality used to create input models affects the accuracy of the predicted energy performance. The method described in this paper explores an uncertainty analysis of a fixed building design and system by including the discrepancy between the declared property of a product, material, or behaviour quantified under specific conditions, and the actual performance in real-world use. The method was tested using a case study, a multi-family building, using two datasets based on different data quality to quantify the discrepancies. The models' outcome was validated against field measurements from 28 buildings built using the fixed building design. The main findings were that data quality significantly shifted the probability density curves and consequently impacted the predictions and accuracy of the predictive models, showing the importance of high-quality input models and a validation process based on a probability distribution. The study also indicated that higher quality data does not equal narrower distributions in the input models. In this case, the case study showed that, despite well-known building properties, narrowing the performance gap can only occur through larger variation in the input data models, resulting in a larger predicted energy performance interval.
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| 14. |
- Ekström, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Possibilities with Probabilistic Methods for Dynamic Building Energy Simulations using Stochastic Input Data : – Initial Analysis
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Thermal Performance of the Exterior Envelopes of Whole Buildings XIV. - 9781947192447 ; , s. 840-840
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As observed in earlier studies, there is evidently a performance gap between the predicted annual energy use from building performance simulations based on traditional deterministic methods compared to the monitored annual energy use of a building. The hypothesis is that using a probabilistic method makes it possible to consider the uncertainties in the input data and quantify the overall uncertainty of a building design using a probability distribution for the predicted energy performance of a building. Thus, reducing the performance gap between the predicted and monitored energy use. This paper aims to detail the advantages and disadvantages of both the deterministic and the probabilistic methods when determining the energy performance of a building and evaluate the differences based on a qualitative analysis. The differences between the methods are evaluated further based on the results from a previous case study where the probabilistic method has been implemented in two dynamic building performance simulation software. The conclusion from this study is that both methods have their specific advantages and disadvantages, however the main differentiating point is the scope of application. The deterministic method is a simpler alternative, needing a less amount of data and is performed in less time, thus making it advantageous in early phases when the basic design of a building is decided, and available information still is limited. However, this method must make use of an arbitrary margin of safety when used for code compliance. The perceived accuracy of the results, since the software reports the result to several decimals, are often misleading since the numerical value says nothing about the probability of fulfilling the requirements. The probabilistic method is more robust and requires more information, such as a larger quantity of data for each factor, and more advanced knowledge of both energy performance and statistics from the operator. Because of this, it also requires more computational power and is more time consuming. Thus, the method is more advantageous for analysis and determining the risks associated with not fulfilling the building regulations, since the method determines the probability of failure, instead of using an arbitrary margin of safety.
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| 15. |
- Ekström, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Proposed Method for Probabilistic Risk Analysis using Building Performance Simulations and Stochastic Parameters
- 2020
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Ingår i: 12th Nordic Symposium on Building Physics (NSB 2020). - : EDP Sciences. ; 172
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As parts of the world continue the work of mitigating the impact of climate change, many countries strive for continued reductions in energy demand from buildings by implementing more stringent building regulations. Consequently, the importance of accurate and efficient building performance simulations to predict the energy use of a building design increases. As observed in earlier studies, there are performance gaps between the predicted annual energy demand from building energy performance simulations based on deterministic methods compared to the monitored annual energy use of a building. This paper presents a preliminary method developed using probabilistic methods for risk analysis and building performance simulations to predict the energy performance of buildings using stochastic parameters. The method is used to calculate the probability for the energy performance of a building design to fulfil the energy requirements. The consequences are quantified using an example of energy performance contracting to evaluate the inherent risk of a building’s design. The method was demonstrated in a case study and validated by comparing the results in energy performance and probability of failure against measured data from 26 single-family houses.
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| 16. |
- Enquist, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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FemtoMAX - An X-ray beamline for structural dynamics at the short-pulse facility of MAX IV
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation. - 0909-0495. ; 25:2, s. 570-579
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The FemtoMAX beamline facilitates studies of the structural dynamics of materials. Such studies are of fundamental importance for key scientific problems related to programming materials using light, enabling new storage media and new manufacturing techniques, obtaining sustainable energy by mimicking photosynthesis, and gleaning insights into chemical and biological functional dynamics. The FemtoMAX beamline utilizes the MAX IV linear accelerator as an electron source. The photon bursts have a pulse length of 100fs, which is on the timescale of molecular vibrations, and have wavelengths matching interatomic distances (Å). The uniqueness of the beamline has called for special beamline components. This paper presents the beamline design including ultrasensitive X-ray beam-position monitors based on thin Ce:YAG screens, efficient harmonic separators and novel timing tools.The FemtoMAX beamline facilitates studies of the structural dynamics of materials on the femtosecond timescale. The first commissioning results are presented.
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| 17. |
- Gao, Weiming, et al.
(författare)
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Binuclear iron-sulfur complexes with bidentate phosphine ligands as active site models of Fe-hydrogenase and their catalytic proton reduction
- 2007
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Ingår i: Inorganic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0020-1669 .- 1520-510X. ; 46:6, s. 1981-1991
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The displacement of CO in a few simple Fe(I)-Fe(I) hydrogenase model complexes by bisphosphine ligands Ph2P-(CH2)(n)-PPh2 [with n = 1 (dppm) or n = 2 (dppe)] is described. The reaction of [{mu-(SCH2)(2)CH2}Fe-2(CO)(6)] (1) and [{mu-(SCH2)(2)N(CH2CH2CH3)}Fe-2(CO)(6)] (2) with dppe gave double butterfly complexes [{mu-(SCH2)(2)CH2}Fe-2(CO)(5)(Ph2PCH2)](2) (3) and [{mu-(SCH2)(2)N(CH2CH2CH3)}Fe-2(CO)(5)(Ph2PCH2)](2) (4), where two Fe2S2 units are linked by the bisphosphine. In addition, an unexpected byproduct, [{mu-(SCH2)(2)N(CH2CH2CH3)}Fe-2(CO)(5){Ph2PCH2CH2(Ph2PS)}] (5), was isolated when 2 was used as a substrate, where only one phosphorus atom of dppe is coordinated, while the other has been converted to PS, presumably by nucleophilic attack on bridging sulfur. By contrast, the reaction of 1 and 2 with dppm under mild conditions gave only complexes [{mu-(SCH2)(2)CH2}Fe-2(CO)(5)(Ph2PCH2PPh2)] (6) and [{mu-(SCH2)(2)N(CH2CH2CH3)}Fe-2(CO)(5)(Ph2PCH2PPh2)] (8), where one ligand coordinated in a monodentate fashion to one Fe2S2 unit. Furthermore, under forcing conditions, the complexes [{mu-(SCH2)(2)CH2}Fe-2(CO)(4){mu-(Ph2P)(2)CH2}] (7) and [{mu-(SCH2)(2)N(CH2CH2CH3)}Fe-2(CO)(4){mu-(Ph2P)(2)CH2}] (9) were formed, where the phosphine acts as a bidentate ligand, binding to both the iron atoms in the same molecular unit. Electrochemical studies show that the complexes 3, 4, and 9 catalyze the reduction of protons to molecular hydrogen, with 4 electrolyzed already at -1.40 V versus Ag/AgNO3 (-1.0 V vs NHE).
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Gunnarsson, Rebeqa, et al.
(författare)
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Screening for copy-number alterations and loss of heterozygosity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia-A comparative study of four differently designed, high resolution microarray platforms
- 2008
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Ingår i: Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer. - : Wiley. - 1045-2257 .- 1098-2264. ; 93, s. 0536-0536
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Screening for gene copy-number alterations (CNAs) has improved by applying genome-wide microarrays, where SNP arrays also allow analysis of loss of heterozygozity (LOH). We here analyzed 10 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) samples using four different high-resolution platforms: BAC arrays (32K), oligonucleotide arrays (185K, Agilent), and two SNP arrays (250K, Affymetrix and 317K, Illumina). Cross-platform comparison revealed 29 concordantly detected CNAs, including known recurrent alterations, which confirmed that all platforms are powerful tools when screening for large aberrations. However, detection of 32 additional regions present in 2-3 platforms illustrated a discrepancy in detection of small CNAs, which often involved reported copy-number variations. LOH analysis using dChip revealed concordance of mainly large regions, but showed numerous, small nonoverlapping regions and LOH escaping detection. Evaluation of baseline variation and copy-number ratio response showed the best performance for the Agilent platform and confirmed the robustness of BAC arrays. Accordingly, these platforms demonstrated a higher degree of platform-specific CNAs. The SNP arrays displayed higher technical variation, although this was compensated by high density of elements. Affymetrix detected a higher degree of CNAs compared to Illumina, while the latter showed a lower noise level and higher detection rate in the LOH analysis. Large-scale studies of genomic aberrations are now feasible, but new tools for LOH analysis are requested.
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| 20. |
- Kaderi, Mohd Arifin, et al.
(författare)
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LPL is the strongest prognostic factor in a comparative analysis of RNA-based markers in early chronic lymphocytic leukemia
- 2011
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Ingår i: Haematologica. - : Ferrata Storti Foundation (Haematologica). - 0390-6078 .- 1592-8721. ; 96:8, s. 1153-1160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND:The expression levels of LPL, ZAP70, TCL1A, CLLU1 and MCL1 have recently been proposed as prognostic factors in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. However, few studies have systematically compared these different RNA-based markers.DESIGN AND METHODS:Using real-time quantitative PCR, we measured the mRNA expression levels of these genes in unsorted samples from 252 newly diagnosed chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients and correlated our data with established prognostic markers (for example Binet stage, CD38, IGHV gene mutational status and genomic aberrations) and clinical outcome.RESULTS:High expression levels of all RNA-based markers, except MCL1, predicted shorter overall survival and time to treatment, with LPL being the most significant. In multivariate analysis including the RNA-based markers, LPL expression was the only independent prognostic marker for overall survival and time to treatment. When studying LPL expression and the established markers, LPL expression retained its independent prognostic strength for overall survival. All of the RNA-based markers, albeit with varying ability, added prognostic information to established markers, with LPL expression giving the most significant results. Notably, high LPL expression predicted a worse outcome in good-prognosis subgroups, such as patients with mutated IGHV genes, Binet stage A, CD38 negativity or favorable cytogenetics. In particular, the combination of LPL expression and CD38 could further stratify Binet stage A patients.CONCLUSIONS:LPL expression is the strongest RNA-based prognostic marker in chronic lymphocytic leukemia that could potentially be applied to predict outcome in the clinical setting, particularly in the large group of patients with favorable prognosis.
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| 21. |
- Marincevic, Millaray, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Distinct gene expression profiles in subsets of chronic lymphocytic leukemia expressing stereotyped IGHV4-34 B cell receptors
- 2010
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Ingår i: Haematologica. - : Ferrata Storti Foundation (Haematologica). - 0390-6078 .- 1592-8721. ; 95:12, s. 2072-2079
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Numerous subsets of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia display similar immunoglobulin gene usage with almost identical complementarity determining region 3 sequences. Among IGHV4-34 cases, two such subsets with "stereotyped" B-cell receptors were recently identified, i.e. subset #4 (IGHV4-34/IGKV2-30) and subset #16 (IGHV4-34/IGKV3-20). Subset #4 patients appear to share biological and clinical features, e.g. young age at diagnosis and indolent disease, whereas little is known about subset #16 at a clinical level. DESIGN AND METHODS: We investigated the global gene expression pattern in sorted chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells from 25 subset/non-subset IGHV4-34 patients using Affymetrix gene expression arrays. RESULTS: Although generally few differences were found when comparing subset to non-subset 4/16 IGHV4-34 cases, distinct gene expression profiles were revealed for subset #4 versus subset #16. The differentially expressed genes, predominantly with lower expression in subset #4 patients, are involved in important cell regulatory pathways including cell-cycle control, proliferation and immune response, which may partly explain the low-proliferative disease observed in subset #4 patients. Conclusions Our novel data demonstrate distinct gene expression profiles among patients with stereotyped IGHV4-34 B-cell receptors, providing further evidence for biological differences in the pathogenesis of these subsets and underscoring the functional relevance of subset assignment based on B-cell receptor sequence features.
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| 22. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 23. |
- Munch Roager, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Whole grain-rich diet reduces body weight and systemic low-grade inflammation without inducing major changes of the gut microbiome: A randomised cross-over trial
- 2019
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Ingår i: Gut. - : BMJ. - 1468-3288 .- 0017-5749. ; 68:1, s. 83-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective T o investigate whether a whole grain diet alters the gut microbiome and insulin sensitivity, as well as biomarkers of metabolic health and gut functionality. Design 60 Danish adults at risk of developing metabolic syndrome were included in a randomised cross-over trial with two 8-week dietary intervention periods comprising whole grain diet and refined grain diet, separated by a washout period of =6 weeks. The response to the interventions on the gut microbiome composition and insulin sensitivity as well on measures of glucose and lipid metabolism, gut functionality, inflammatory markers, anthropometry and urine metabolomics were assessed. Results 50 participants completed both periods with a whole grain intake of 179±50 g/day and 13±10 g/day in the whole grain and refined grain period, respectively. Compliance was confirmed by a difference in plasma alkylresorcinols (p<0.0001). Compared with refined grain, whole grain did not significantly alter glucose homeostasis and did not induce major changes in the faecal microbiome. Also, breath hydrogen levels, plasma short-chain fatty acids, intestinal integrity and intestinal transit time were not affected. The whole grain diet did, however, compared with the refined grain diet, decrease body weight (p<0.0001), serum inflammatory markers, interleukin (IL)-6 (p=0.009) and C-reactive protein (p=0.003). The reduction in body weight was consistent with a reduction in energy intake, and IL-6 reduction was associated with the amount of whole grain consumed, in particular with intake of rye. Conclusion C ompared with refined grain diet, whole grain diet did not alter insulin sensitivity and gut microbiome but reduced body weight and systemic lowgrade inflammation.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Schwartz, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamic ligation at the first amine-coordinated iron hydrogenase active site mimic
- 2006
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Ingår i: Chemical Communications. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1359-7345 .- 1364-548X. ; :40, s. 4206-4208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The first model of the iron hydrogenase active site has been prepared in which an amine ligand is loosely coordinated to an Fe-I centre, and can be replaced by a solvent molecule; irrespective of the ligand set, the one electron reduction of both complexes is chemically reversible and is shown to proceed through the same species which features a bridging CO ligand.
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| 26. |
- Sevov, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal study of RNA-based prognostic markers in chronic lymphocytic leukemia reveals LPL as the most stable
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Several genes display differential expression in prognostic subsets in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), including LPL, TCL1, ZAP70 and MCL1. CLL patients commonly have an indolent course with low stage disease and long survival, and in this study we aimed to investigate the stability of RNA-based prognostic markers in such an indolent cohort over time. mRNA expression of LPL, TCL1, ZAP70 and MCL1 was measured in sequential unsorted samples obtained from 96 CLL patients at both diagnosis and a median follow-up of seven years. LPL was the only RNA-based marker that did not demonstrate any significant changes in expression in diagnostic vs. follow-up samples. Furthermore, an 82% concordance between both time-points was observed when grouping cases based on high or low expression. LPL expression was not affected by treatment and in addition, LPL expression in follow-up samples could predict overall survival. In contrast, TCL1 expression was found to increase at follow-up, especially in cases displaying low expression at diagnosis. As TCL1 promotes cell survival this increase could possibly be of importance for progression of the disease. Both ZAP70 and MCL1 mRNA expression were found to vary significantly during the disease course. In summary, using unsorted CLL samples, we have demonstrated that LPL is superior to other RNA-based markers based on stability over time. These findings fully endorse the use of LPL analysis at any time point of the disease.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Svallfors, Signe, et al.
(författare)
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Support for sexual and reproductive health and rights in Sub-Saharan Africa : a new index based on World Values Survey data
- 2024
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Ingår i: Reproductive Health. - 1742-4755. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Addressing attitudes is central to achieving sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) and Agenda 2030. We aimed to develop a comprehensive index to measure attitudinal support for SRHR, expanding opportunities for global trend analyses and tailored interventions. Methods: We designed a new module capturing attitudes towards different dimensions of SRHR, collected via the nationally representative World Values Survey in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Zimbabwe during 2020–2021 (n = 3,711). We used exploratory factor analysis of 58 items to identify sub-scales and an overall index. Adjusted regression models were used to evaluate the index according to sociodemographic characteristics, stratified by country and sex. Results: A 23-item, five-factor solution was identified and used to construct sub-indices reflecting support for: (1) sexual and reproductive rights, (2) neighborhood sexual safety, (3) gender-equitable relationships, (4) equitable masculinity norms, and (5) SRHR interventions. These five sub-indices performed well across countries and socioeconomic subgroups and were combined into a comprehensive “SRHR Support Index”, standardized on a 1–100 scale (mean = 39.19, SD = 15.27, Cronbach’s alpha = 0.80) with higher values indicating more support for SRHR. Mean values were highest in Kenya (45.48, SD = 16.78) followed by Ethiopia (40.2, SD = 13.63), and lowest in Zimbabwe (32.65, SD = 13.77), with no differences by sex. Higher education and being single were associated with more support, except in Ethiopia. Younger age and urban residence correlated with more support among males only. Conclusion: The SRHR Support Index has the potential to broaden SRHR attitude research from a comprehensive perspective – addressing the need for a common measure to track progress over time.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Todorovic, Tijana, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Locust bean gum as an adhesive for wood particleboards
- 2024
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Ingår i: Industrial crops and products (Print). - : Elsevier BV. - 0926-6690 .- 1872-633X. ; 208, s. 117841-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Locust bean gum, derived from the carob tree, was evaluated as a biobased adhesive in particleboard manufacturing, investigating the effect of adhesive amount, mat moisture content, and process parameters such as temperature and time. Single-layer particleboards prepared with locust bean gum showed that effective hydration of the polymer chains is necessary to achieve satisfactory interactions with wood and thus yield a sufficient particleboard strength. A mat moisture content below 30 % resulted in weak particleboards, which easily broke immediately after pressing. With increasing mat moisture content, while keeping the adhesive amount constant, the internal bond strength was increased. Moreover, with constant mat moisture contents (40 %), the internal bond strength increased when the adhesive amount was increased, even though not proportionally. With an increase from 9 % to 18 % adhesive, the internal bond strength was increased by more than 100 %. However, with a further increase in adhesive content from 18 % to 36 %, the increase in internal bond strength was statistically insignificant. Even with high mat moisture contents (35–45 %), larger lab-scale particleboards had internal bond strength that fulfilled standard requirements for P2 boards, commonly used for furniture in dry conditions (SS EN 312), when the pressing time was long enough (75 s/mm) to allow for water and vapors to be removed before releasing the pressure. Using biopolymers as adhesives, without extensive chemical modification and hazardous crosslinkers, could lead to a more benign and sustainable particleboard production. Since the chemistry and setting/curing processes of biopolymer-based adhesives differ from those of the fossil-based adhesives used today, increased understanding of how production parameters affect the properties of the particleboards prepared with biopolymers may pave the way for their better utilization in this field.
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| 31. |
- Zainuddin, Norafiza, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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TP53 Mutations are infrequent in newly diagnosed chronic lymphocytic leukemia
- 2011
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Ingår i: Leukemia Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0145-2126 .- 1873-5835. ; 35:2, s. 272-274
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- TP53 mutations in the absence of 17p-deletion correlate with rapid disease progression and poor survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Herein, we determined the TP53 mutation frequency in 268 newly diagnosed CLL patients from a population-based material. Overall, we detected TP53 mutations in 3.7% of patients (n= 10), where 7/10 cases showed a concomitant 17p-deletion, confirming the high prevalence of TP53 mutation in 17p-deleted patients. Only 3 (1.1%) of the newly diagnosed patients in our cohort thereby carried TP53 mutations without 17p-deletion, a frequency that is much lower than previous reports on referral cohorts (3-6%). Our findings imply that TP53 mutations are rare at CLL onset and instead may arise during disease progression.
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