| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Andersson, Fredrik N G, et al.
(författare)
-
Swedish Freight Demand: Short, Medium, and Long Term Elasticities
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of Transport Economics and Policy. - 0022-5258. ; 46, s. 79-97
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores empirical linkages between cycles and trends in freight transportation activity and real economic activity in Sweden. It decomposes freight demand into short-term, medium-term and long-term components and analyzes differences and similarities of the three time horizons. The finding is that freight demand is coupled with GDP over the long-term and that there are no signs of decoupling. Freight demand, furthermore, is highly volatile over the short to medium term and these fluctuations are largely an effect of temporary changes in imports and exports.
|
|
| 3. |
- Baud, Maxime O, et al.
(författare)
-
European trends in epilepsy surgery.
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Neurology. - 1526-632X. ; 91:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Resective surgery is effective in treating drug-resistant focal epilepsy, but it remains unclear whether improved diagnostics influence postsurgical outcomes. Here, we compared practice and outcomes over 2 periods 15 years apart.Sixteen European centers retrospectively identified 2 cohorts of children and adults who underwent epilepsy surgery in the period of 1997 to 1998 (n = 562) or 2012 to 2013 (n = 736). Data collected included patient (sex, age) and disease (duration, localization and diagnosis) characteristics, type of surgery, histopathology, Engel postsurgical outcome, and complications, as well as imaging and electrophysiologic tests performed for each case. Postsurgical outcome predictors were included in a multivariate logistic regression to assess the strength of date of surgery as an independent predictor.Over time, the number of operated cases per center increased from a median of 31 to 50 per 2-year period (p = 0.02). Mean disease duration at surgery decreased by 5.2 years (p < 0.001). Overall seizure freedom (Engel class 1) increased from 66.7% to 70.9% (adjusted p = 0.04), despite an increase in complex surgeries (extratemporal and/or MRI negative). Surgeries performed during the later period were 1.34 times (adjusted odds ratio; 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.77) more likely to yield a favorable outcome (Engel class I) than earlier surgeries, and improvement was more marked in extratemporal and MRI-negative temporal epilepsy. The rate of persistent neurologic complications remained stable (4.6%-5.3%, p = 0.7).Improvements in European epilepsy surgery over time are modest but significant, including higher surgical volume, shorter disease duration, and improved postsurgical seizure outcomes. Early referral for evaluation is required to continue on this encouraging trend.
|
|
| 4. |
- Binner, Jane M., et al.
(författare)
-
A comparison of linear forecasting models and neural networks: an application to Euro inflation and Euro Divisia
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Applied Economics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1466-4283 .- 0003-6846. ; 37:6, s. 665-680
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Linear models reach their limitations in applications with nonlinearities in the data. In this paper new empirical evidence is provided on the relative Euro inflation forecasting performance of linear and non-linear models. The well established and widely used univariate ARIMA and multivariate VAR models are used as linear forecasting models whereas neural networks (NN) are used as non-linear forecasting models. It is endeavoured to keep the level of subjectivity in the NN building process to a minimum in an attempt to exploit the full potentials of the NN. It is also investigated whether the historically poor performance of the theoretically superior measure of the monetary services flow, Divisia, relative to the traditional Simple Sum measure could be attributed to a certain extent to the evaluation of these indices within a linear framework. Results obtained suggest that non-linear models provide better within-sample and out-of-sample forecasts and linear models are simply a subset of them. The Divisia index also outperforms the Simple Sum index when evaluated in a non-linear framework.
|
|
| 5. |
- Binner, Jane M., et al.
(författare)
-
Admissible monetary aggregates for the euro area
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of International Money and Finance. - : Elsevier BV. - 0261-5606. ; 28:1, s. 99-114
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We use the Fleissig and Whitney [Fleissig, A.R., Whitney, G.A., 2003. A new PC-based test for Varian's weak separability conditions. Journal of Business and Economics Statistics 21 (1), 133-144] weak separability test to determine admissible levels of monetary aggregation for the Euro area. We find that the Euro area monetary assets in M2 and M3 are weakly separable and construct admissible Divisia monetary aggregates for these assets. We show that real growth of the admissible Divisia aggregates enters the Euro area IS curve positively and significantly for the period from 1980 to 2005. Out of sample, we show that Divisia M2 and M3 appear to contain useful information for forecasting Euro area inflation. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 6. |
- Binner, Jane M., et al.
(författare)
-
Inflation Forecasting, Relative Price Variability and Skewness
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Applied Economics Letters. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1466-4291 .- 1350-4851. ; 17, s. 593-596
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We aim to forecast U.K. inflation out-of-sample. Our study uses disaggregated quarterly UK consumption data from 1964:1 to 2004:3. A major finding of our analysis is that inflation forecasts of long time horizons of 1.5-2 years are significantly improved if a measure of symmetry of the price distribution is incorporated into the forecast equation. In contrast, the inclusion of price variability leads to deterioration in inflation forecasting performance.
|
|
| 7. |
- Binner, Jane M., et al.
(författare)
-
Introduction
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Money, Measurement and Computation. ; , s. 1-5
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Binner, Jane M., et al.
(författare)
-
Predictable non-linearities in US inflation
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Economics Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-1765. ; 93:3, s. 323-328
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper compares the out-of-sample inflation forecasting performance of two non-linear models; a neural network and a Markov switching autoregressive (MS-AR) model. We find that predictable non-linearities in inflation are best accounted for by the MS-AR model.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
- Conze, Ronald, et al.
(författare)
-
Utilizing the International Geo Sample Number Concept in Continental Scientific Drilling During ICDP Expedition COSC-1
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Data Science Journal. - : Ubiquity Press. - 1683-1470. ; 1:1, s. 1-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The International Geo Sample Number (IGSN) is a globally unique persistent identifier (PID) for physical samples that provides discovery functionality of digital sample descriptions via the internet. In this article we describe the implementation of a registration service for IGSNs of the Helmholtz Centre Potsdam – GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences. This includes the adaption of the metadata schema developed within the context of the System for Earth Sample Registration (SESAR1) to better describe the complex sample hierarchy of drilling cores, core sections and samples of scientific drilling projects. Our case study is the COSC-1 expedition2 (Collisional Orogeny in the Scandinavian Caledonides) supported by the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program3 (ICDP). COSC-1 prompted for the first time in ICDP’s history to assign and register IGSNs during an on-going drilling campaign preserving the original parent-child relationship of the sample objects. IGSN-associated data and metadata are distributed and shared with the world wide community through novel web portals, one of which is currently evolving as part of ICDP’s collaborative efforts within the GFZ Potsdam and researchers from ICDP’s COSC clientele. Thus, COSC-1 can be considered as a ‘Prime-Example’ for ICDP projects to further improve the quality of scientific research output through a transparent process of producing and managing large quantities of data as they are normally acquired during a typical scientific drilling operation. The IGSN is an important new player in the general publication landscape that can be cited in scholarly literature and also cross-referenced in DOI-bearing scholarly and data publications.
|
|
| 13. |
- Elger, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
-
A note on the optimal level of monetary aggregation in the United Kingdom
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Macroeconomic Dynamics. - 1365-1005. ; 12:1, s. 117-131
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Weak separability is a key admissibility property in the Divisia approach to monetary aggregation. We test groups of U.K. household sector monetary assets for weak separability using new data underlying the Bank of England's benchmark revision of its household sector Divisia index. Nonparametric tests are used to identify four monetary asset groupings, which are weakly separable over all or almost all of the post-ERM period (1992:4-2005:1). We construct Divisia monetary aggregates for these four groupings and investigate their information content in two applications. The main findings are that Divisia money has direct effects on aggregate demand and that the growth rates of the nominal Divisia monetary aggregates Granger cause nominal output growth, but not inflation.
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
- Elger, Thomas
(författare)
-
Empirical Studies on the Demand for Monetary Services in the UK
- 2002
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Many economic models contain the single variable 'money'. Money does not exist in the form of a single physical unit and it is common to construct monetary aggregates using the method of simple summations. Monetary aggregation theory lends little or no support to the method of simply summing various monetary asset components up to arbitrary levels of aggregation. In monetary aggregation theory, monetary assets are treated as durable goods rendering a flow of services. Microeconomic aggregation theory provides rigorous conditions under which an aggregate over a group of monetary assets can be constructed and index number theory provides parameter- and estimation-free approximations of unknown aggregator functions. In the monetary aggregation literature, it is common to construct monetary services indices (MSI's) using a discrete time approximation of the Divisia index. In the first study included in this thesis, a 'capital certain' MSI is compared to a 'risky' MSI within a cointegration money demand framework. The capital certain MSI contains the same assets that are included in the official Bank of England MSI plus national savings investment accounts. The risky MSI contains the same assets that are included in the capital certain MSI plus three assets with substantial interest rate risk: bonds, shares and unit trusts. The inclusion of 'risky' assets into MSI's is motivated by both financial innovations that have increased the liquidity of such assets and recent developments in monetary aggregation theory that allow for interest rate risk in combination with risk aversion. The cointegration analysis reveals no apparent gain from the inclusion of risky assets in terms of consistency of the results with economic theory nor stability. Some problems are detected in the construction of the risky MSI. In the second study included in this thesis, tests for weak separability are performed. Weak separability is the fundamental existence condition for an aggregate over any group of goods. All capital certain assets are found to be weakly separable from non-durables, services and leisure over the larger part of the 90's. Two extensions aimed at relaxing the deterministic nature of the weak separability tests turn out difficult to interpret. In the final study included in this thesis, the demand for monetary assets is studied within a consumer demand framework. Since the data may be non-stationary, a linearised system is used. This system is estimated in first differences. The sample is based on the results from the weak separability study. The estimated system conforms to homogeneity- and symmetry restrictions. Elasticity estimates are consistent with economic priors.
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
- Hagströmer, Björn, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Mean-Variance vs. Full-Scale Optimization : Broad Evidence for the UK
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Manchester School. - : Wiley. - 1463-6786 .- 1467-9957. ; 76, s. 134-156
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Portfolio choice by full-scale optimization applies the empirical return distribution to a parameterized utility function, and the maximum is found through numerical optimization. Using a portfolio choice setting of three UK equity indices we identify several utility functions featuring loss aversion and prospect theory, under which full-scale optimization is a substantially better approach than the mean–variance approach. As the equity indices have return distributions with small deviations from normality, the findings indicate much broader usefulness of full-scale optimization than has earlier been shown. The results hold in- and out-of-sample, and the performance improvements are given in terms of utility as well as certainty equivalents.
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
- Jones, Barry, et al.
(författare)
-
Sweep Programs and Optimal Monetary Aggregation
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Journal of Banking & Finance. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-6372 .- 0378-4266. ; 29:2, s. 483-508
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines the admissibility of monetary aggregate groupings for the US over 1993-2001, based upon weak separability. We investigate the impact of retail and commercial demand deposit sweep programs on the separability of monetary asset groupings. Weak separability is tested Using the Swofford-Whitney and Fleissig-Whitney tests. We use Varian's measurement error adjustment procedure to eliminate violations of the Generalized Axiom of Revealed Preference (GARP). When funds from both retail and commercial demand deposit sweep programs are placed within checkable deposits, all groupings, narrow and broad, pass GARP and weak separability. For groupings based on conventional money measures, tests tend to favor broad aggregates.
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
