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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Budeanu, Adriana, et al.
(författare)
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Revisiting the lock-in hypothesis on sustainable lifestyles: empirical evidence from consumption of leisure in three Swedish destinations
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sustainable lifestyles and consumption refer to multiple spheres of human activities such as mobility, housing, food and leisure. Increasingly consumers are called upon to assume greater responsibility for changing their lifestyles, primarily through making environmentally sound purchasing choices and changing behavior. To motivate consumers, governments have often focused on improving the provision of “behaviour-changing” information to consumers. However, recent studies demonstrate that the effectiveness of these instruments in terms of actually changing consumer behavior and reducing environmental impacts have not been very promising. This is even more evident in the leisure and tourism sectors where key players in the tourism industry have started to argue that the consumers are not opting for greener alternatives. The “lock-in” hypothesis suggests that it is not necessarily consumers who may not be so willing to change behaviour, but rather contextual circumstances that lock-in preferred choices. Building on an extensive survey of leisure travelers, conducted in 2008-2009 in three Swedish destinations, this paper brings empirical evidence on the extent of the lock-in effect within the context of sustainable leisure lifestyles. The surveys cover tourist choices; their precedents and the awareness of more environmentally sound alternative options in mobility, lodging and leisure activities at the destinations. We correlate this with structural factors in the experience-offer at the destinations.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Emtairah, Tareq, et al.
(författare)
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Benchmarking energy efficiency transitions in MENA countries
- 2017
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Ingår i: Analysis of Energy Systems : Management, Planning and Policy - Management, Planning and Policy. - Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2017. | Series: Energy systems from design to management : CRC Press. - 9781498777391 - 9781498777469 ; , s. 219-232
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pursuing energy efficiency as a national policy objective is a cross-cutting challenge for governments. The outcomes expressed in proxies such as energy intensity of the economy and/or energy productivity are linked to so many variables and interventions operating at different levels; from macroeconomic conditions, technology development and path dependency, energy supply and pricing regimes to influencing the behavior of millions of energy consumers (see for e.g., Howarth and Andersson 1993; Rosenberg 1994, p. 161; Biggart and Lutzenhister 2007; Gillingham et al. 2009). Therefore, a wide range of policies and measures have been used by governments to facilitate the transition toward improved energy efficiency.
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| 9. |
- Emtairah, Tareq, et al.
(författare)
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Context and corporate social responsibility: the case of Saudi Arabia
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Sustainable Society. - 1756-2546. ; 1:4, s. 325-346
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article intends to shed some light on the contextual realities that shape the perceptions and practices of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in Saudi Arabia. Using both primary and secondary data collection and analysis, we chart some of the key socio-cultural and business drivers that shape the picture of Saudi Arabian CSR. In addition to providing an account of an important, but significantly under-researched context, our findings point to a distinctive picture of Saudi Arabia CSR. Contrary to expectations drawn from external reviews, CSR in Saudi Arabia can be characterised as responsive within the exiting normative and institutional pressures in the local context. However, weaknesses in the stakeholders’ environment limit the potential to broaden the CSR agenda. Furthermore, lack of institutionalised and systemic approaches limit the potential for strategic CSR.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Emtairah, Tareq, et al.
(författare)
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Fossil Fuel Free Municipalities in Sweden : Analysing Modes of Governing
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Based on national legislations, Swedish municipal authorities have the responsibility as well as the means to shape their own transport and energy systems and lead the transformation towards fossil fuel free cities. In this report we explore how sixteen Swedish municipalities work toward fossil fuel free visions and goals with a particular emphasis on the urban transport and energy systems. We derive our findings from a broad review of municipal policy, strategy and program documents as well as from structured interviews with civil servants working within theseissues. The report presents a summary of the visions and goals adopted by municipalities in Sweden as well as the translation of these visions and goals into key targets and strategies. It also provides a summary of general patterns derived from document analysis and interviews of how municipal authorities work with and use various governing modes to facilitate the transformation towards less dependence on fossil fuels, using transport and energy as a focus area.
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| 12. |
- Emtairah, Tareq, et al.
(författare)
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Gaining legitimacy in contemporary world
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Sustainable Society. - 1756-2546. ; 1:2, s. 134-147
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates the links between environmental and social activities of organisations and organisational legitimacy. The recent overemphasis on the business case for voluntary environmental and socialactivities of organisations is undermining the attention to other drivers such as legitimacy concerns. Previous literature has discussed how the principle of legitimacy may underpin corporate environmental and social performance providing motives for managers to pursue corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies. In this article, we tried to advance questions that relate more to how CSR activities could potentially influence legitimation efforts of organisations. We focused on two main issues. The first is how CSR activities play into the different legitimation efforts of organisations at cognitive and socio-political levels. The second issue identifies potential variations in organisational choices of CSR activities as legitimation efforts and the conditions that influence these differences as constructs for further empirical research.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Emtairah, Tareq
(författare)
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Lost in Transitions: Sustainability Strategies and Social Contexts
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Corporations are increasingly asked to provide innovative solutions to address environmental and social concerns, such as persistent poverty, pollution and climate change. The paradox in this call is that within the current economic logic, most companies will continue to find working at these interfaces problematic. Some sort of tension is inevitable because of the conflicting and competing demands on corporations. Using the construct of sustainability strategies, this thesis goes behind the tension. From cases in emerging economies to cases of radical sustainability innovations, the thesis explores the variety of motives, the role of culture, national institutions and industry structures in modulating organisational strategies at the interfaces with the natural environment and the wider public good. It, further, questions the degree to which business strategy can play a role in system innovation for sustainability. The practical implications of this thesis concern how the role of corporations can be made more effective given the competitive market conditions, the heterogeneity of contexts in which corporations operate and the changing nature of demands and expectations on corporations across industries, geographies and time.
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| 15. |
- Emtairah, Tareq, et al.
(författare)
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Saudi Arabia
- 2010
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Ingår i: The Word Guide to CSR: A country-by-country analysis of corporate sustainability and responsibility. - 9781906093389 ; , s. 336-341
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Comparable country profile that describes the evolution and practice of corporate Sustainability and Responsibility (CSR) in Saudi Arabia.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Emtairah, Tareq, et al.
(författare)
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Visioning Labs with displaced academics as a design strategy for sustainable post-conflict reconstruction
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Relating Systems Thinking and Design (RSD5) 2016 Symposium : Toronto, Canada, October 13-15, 2016 - Toronto, Canada, October 13-15, 2016.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- AbstractPost Conflict Futures is an ongoing project, where displaced Syrian academics meet in Visioning Labs and a global scenario group to jointly reflect on possible future developments and to look for actionable leverage points to work proactively for sustainable transitions. The collective visioning aims to identify aspects that may be critical in strategies for sustainable post conflict reconstruction, notably in the socio-technical implications of different infrastructure options.A crisis such as that in Syria creates shocks to infrastructure and people. These shocks generate emergencies and responses. But the collapse of existing structures can also open opportunities for a paradigm shift. In several cases, infrastructure shocks have opened opportunities that enable higher order learning with the potential to catalyse a transition towards sustainable and resilient structures (Broto et al., 2014) . This has implications to the design of processes and practices to rebuild communities. The project will serve as a platform for catalyzing strategic knowledge using the impetus from infrastructure shocks which result from the ongoing conflicts in the region. In the Post Conflict Futures Visioning Labs, holistic and integrating understanding of complex and uncertain issues is supported by approaching the issues ’diagonally’ across institutional and technological scales, by using geographical localisation as conceptual scaffolding anchored in the material, and by focusing on the structuring and distributive implications of infrastructure options over time. Background Conflicts rip apart the social fabric, and undermine relations of trust and solidarity that are needed to mobilize populations and support collaboration across communities. Problems in the coordination of reconstruction efforts involving multiple types of actors at different levels can lead to blind spots, bottlenecks and a loss of long-term vision. In the wake of open hostiliites, frozen conflicts may emerge, involving locked situations with absence of responsible government, or factions deliberately attempting to aggravate the situation and damage other parties. When the conflict ends, massive reconstruction efforts and investments will be needed. Large-scale capital intensive projects involve strong actors who tend to set the agenda and shape overall structures. While certain technical choices have the potential to support reconciliation and empowerment of the most vulnerable, other infrastructure elements can function as mediums of isolation/domination. Infrastructure choices have consequences for livelihoods, relationships between communities, or access to and distribution of resources. They also create relationships of long term dependency and interdependency within and beyond national borders. Importantly, characteristics in initial structures will have implications for subsequent developments. While post-conflict settings thus give rise to serious challenges, the overt failure of existing arrangements also opens opportunities for change and learning. Transitions (Geels & Schot, 2010) depend on simultaneous significant change. They involve changing ’culturally accepted beliefs and associated regulations’ (Broto et al. 2014) Such shifts might come about when there is a ’general attitude towards paradigm questioning’ (ibid.) Broto et al. further argue that: ”reimagining infrastructure may require anticipatory learning for innovation, of the type that reflects multiple values in society and acknowledges the uncertainties inherent to understanding a complex world”.Scenario and visioning work creates flexible frames of relevance and prioritization anchored in human cultural significance, which is vital for both engagement and communicability. The communicability of such narratives is a key factor for shaping collaborative multi-stakeholder alliances across disciplines, sectors or localities. Transitions depend on mobilizing concerted collective action. There therefore is a need for shared visions that are convincing, understandable and anchored in cultural and material realities, both for self-organizing and in order to mobilize and synchronize efforts. Scenarios and visioning further allow to reflect strategically in settings of extreme uncertainty characterised by rapid and unpredictable changes. They offer advantages by not being limited to a particular course of events, and by not presupposing agreement or consensus. Offering a framework for collective conversations and continued reflection, scenarios thus have eminently dynamic and heuristic qualities. They are particularly valuable in the face of extreme uncertainties (Schwartz, 1991). Rather than focusing on ’problems’ or ’solutions’, emphasis lies on exploring different possibilities and their implications. This helps envisage action in the face of uncertain futures, but also supports openness in imagining and discussing various options.Narratives can function as bridging artefacts beyond the group where they were initially shaped, to the extent that they give sufficient contextual detail for abstract patterns of thought to be related to lived experiences, while not depending on disciplinary jargon or existing institutional framing. Further significant characteristics are that they support action by including designation of responsible social agents, clarifying developments over time, and providing suggestions concerning possible causal links and consequences. Scenarios can thereby offer scaffolding to become a starting point for further discussions, and provide a conceptual structured space for reflection, suggesting how different details fit in, are interconnected, and may evolve over time.In contexts of conflicts and sharply diverging interests, taking a purely technological approach to the challenges is not enough (Aggestam, 2015). The aim here is therefore not to evacuate the political, but to revisit the issues from another angle. Back-casting uses discontinuity creatively, making it possible to step beyond the conceptual constraints of a status quo, but to subsequently re-anchor the strategy in concrete specifics of the present to make it actionable.Finally, holistic reflection is supported by the compression that results from fitting highly complex issues into an ongoing conversation in a small group of people, with diverse backgrounds. The format makes it possible to draw on tacit and cultural knowledge, as well as the differing professional experiences of participants.Aggestam, K. (2015). Desecuritisation of water and the technocratic turn in peacebuilding. International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law & Economics 15(3), 327-340.Broto et al. (2014). What can we learn about transitions for sustainability from infrastructure shocks? Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 84, 186-196.Geels, F. & J. Schot (2010). The dynamics of socio-technical transitions: a socio-technical perspective. In Transitions to Sustainable Development: New Directions in the Study of Long Term Transformative Change. London: Routledge.Schwartz, P. (1991). The Art of the Long View. New York: Doubleday.
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| 20. |
- Emtairah, Tareq
(författare)
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Wafeer Initiative: enabling a market for water efficiency in Saudi Arabia
- 2010
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Ingår i: Arab Environment: Water. Sustainable Management of a Scarce Resource. - 9789953437316 ; , s. 107-124
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Significant saving potential is believed to exist in all economic activities of the private sector of MENA countries. However this potential is hardly explored in systematic ways. Particularly in the context of a country like Saudi Arabia, where the cost of water production is among the highest in the world, the incentives to examine this potential should be high. In 2007, a group of private sector actors and with support from the Saudi Ministry of Water and Electricity (MoWE) launched Wafeer Initiative mainly for this purpose of exploring the potential of water efficiency in the Saudi Arabian industrial sector. This case describes briefly the experience of this initiative and lessons learned.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Mirata, Murat, et al.
(författare)
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Industrial symbiosis networks and the contribution to environmental innovation - The case of the Landskrona industrial symbiosis programme
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-6526. ; 13:10-11, s. 993-1002
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper considers the potential contribution of Industrial Symbiosis (IS) networks in fostering environmental innovation at the local or regional level. Drawing on literature from innovation studies and innovation in spatial proximity, we outline three factors that are important for the innovation process and identify where the effects from IS networks can be explored. We use observations from the first IS programme in Sweden to provide examples of previously hypothesised effects. The implications of this inquiry are discussed in terms of design and development of IS programmes and for further research into the innovation effect of IS networks.
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| 23. |
- Mirata, Murat, et al.
(författare)
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Water Efficiency Handbook
- 2010
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- This handbook was developed to assist water users identify and prioritize cost-effective water efficiency opportunities. It targets water use in residential and commercial buildings, industrial plants, and agricultural farms. The handbook offers practical and proven methods to cut water consumption, and water costs, without sacrificing production, reliability, orcomfort. By making this handbook available, water consumers at homes and water managers at institutional buildings, industrial sites and farms willbe better informed about water efficiency retrofit opportunities, and will,therefore, be better prepared to develop a plan to take advantage of watersavings.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Mont, Oksana, et al.
(författare)
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Systemic changes and sustainable consumption and production : Cases from product-service systems
- 2008. - 1
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Ingår i: System Innovation for Sustainability 1 : Perspectives on Radical Changes to Sustainable Consumption and Production - Perspectives on Radical Changes to Sustainable Consumption and Production. - 9781906093037 - 9781351280204 - 9781351280198 ; , s. 391-404
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Central to the sustainable production and consumption (SCP) agenda is the need for radical changes not only in the ways we produce but also in the ways we consume. The SCP agenda emerged within the understanding that it is not possible to reach the necessary reductions in environmental impact and resource consumption purely by technical solutions directed at improving the efficiency of production processes and ‘greening’ products. Research demonstrates that aggregate environmental impact continues to rise because of an increasing population and increasing levels of affluence. It was hoped that technological improvements could compensate for increases in these factors. However, to keep within the limits of environmental impact of the year 1990, some commentators argue that a Factor 10, 20 or higher improvement in material and energy efficiency is needed by 2025 (Jensen 1993; Schmidt-Bleek 1995).
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| 26. |
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Rethinking Transport in the Øresund Region: Policies, Strategies and Behaviours
- 2012
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Øresund EcoMobility contributes to knowledge creation for sustainable transport and green logistics, city transport, and energy systems with a specific focus on the conditions and needs of the Øresund region. In this book, long distance goods transport and strategies for green corridors through the Øresund and Europe are studied, multi-criteria models for analysis in transport and infrastructural planning are tested, City Logistics and the challenges within urban areas are scrutinised, challenges for fossil free transport systems are analysed, and mobility management in municipalities and use patterns in leisure travel are considered. In addition, the role of knowledge transfer between companies is examined. New energy systems are fundamental in creating a sustainable future, but are not enough – new forms of governance, planning, and stakeholder involvement to create sustainable supply chains are also needed. In the Øresund Region, the largest hub in Scandinavia for transport of goods and people, efficient and at the same time environmentally safe transport is a key factor for sustainable regional development. The Øresund Region is comparable to many other growth regions in the world, although, it has been fortunate enough not to suffer from the worst drawbacks of recent increases in transport development. However, this does not mean that we can become complacent. Increased congestion, noise, and emissions that largely can be attributed to transport of goods and people, have become evident. Today, with climate change at the forefront of the agenda for policy makers and public authorities, companies, organisation, and citizens it is important for all stakeholders, present and future, to become engaged in the discussion surrounding the implications of growth in the transportation network of the Øresund Region. Rethinking Transport in the Øresund Region: Policies, Strategies and Behaviours, is an important contribution in such a process of knowledge sharing and capacity building for the region. Øresund EcoMobility aims at innovating for economic, social, and environmental sustainability by addressing issues of green logistics, city transport, travel behaviour, and renewable energy systems. Through using new approaches to transport policies and legislation, by exploring new strategies in decision making and demand management, and by allowing for new forms of association to induce better allocation and use of resources and infrastructure, this book provides some of the answers and paths forward to help achieve a more sustainable future.
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| 27. |
- Rosenlund, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Building Green in Jordan? Performance Evaluation of the aqaba Residential Energy Efficiency Pilot Project (AREE)
- 2010
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Ingår i: The 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Architecture and Urban Development.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The AREE house was built in 2007/2008 to provide a showcase of a high performance building in Aqaba city in the southern part of Jordan. The total energy performance of the building was achieved through three types of measures grouped into passive design elements, material choices and renewable energy installations. The energy performance and associated costs and benefits for each type were modelled to highlight opportunities for low and high income segments of the residential building market in Jordan. This paper provides a post construction evaluation of the actual energy performance of the building and the real costs and benefits. The sustainability concept of the building is reviewed, as well as the construction process and the life cycle costing of the energy enhancing measures. The findings show that passive design elements and material choices do improve the energy performance. This is derived from the actual indoor comfort monitoring in comparison with base case simulations. The payback time on the incremental investments needed is less than 3.5 years. At the same time, the monitoring also showed that not all passive design measures for energy performance were effective. This paper reflects on the experience and lessons learned from AREE for potential wider integration of sustainability elements into building projects in Jordan.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Åberg, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Power Market Structure and Renewable Energy Deployment Experiences From the MENA Region
- 2015
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Ingår i: Regulation and Investments in Energy Markets : Solutions for the Mediterranean - Solutions for the Mediterranean. - 9780128044360 ; , s. 199-215
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In almost all countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, power sectors are characterized by a high degree of vertical integration and state control. However, several countries have undertaken reforms in order to open up the power market for private sector involvement particularly in relation to renewable energy (RE) sourced electricity generation. The majority of the MENA countries authorize RE private power generation for utility supplies (i.e., selling electricity to a single buyer). In contrast, very few countries authorize RE power generation for third-party sales, autoproduction, or export. What characterizes the MENA region in general when it comes to the possibility for private actors to produce electricity is a lack of clear signals from governments. Few projects have been established in practice and the RE share of installed capacity remains low. Current power market structure and support schemes require governments in the MENA region to be very active in stimulating private sector participation. In order to reach RE targets under current power market structures and schemes, it is crucial that governments increase the amount of tenders for PPAs and make sure to streamline these processes to become more certain and less lengthy.
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