SwePub
Sök i SwePub databas

  Extended search

Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Engberg Göran) "

Search: WFRF:(Engberg Göran)

  • Result 1-50 of 68
Sort/group result
   
EnumerationReferenceCoverFind
1.
  • Rothen, Hans Ulrich, et al. (author)
  • Influence of gas composition on recurrence of atelectasis after a reexpansion maneuver during general anaesthesia
  • 1995
  • In: Anesthesiology. - 0003-3022 .- 1528-1175. ; 82:4, s. 832-842
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • BACKGROUND:Atelectasis, an important cause of impaired gas exchange during general anesthesia, may be eliminated by a vital capacity maneuver. However, it is not clear whether such a maneuver will have a sustained effect. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of gas composition on reappearance of atelectasis and impairment of gas exchange after a vital capacity maneuver.METHODS:A consecutive sample of 12 adults with healthy lungs who were scheduled for elective surgery were studied. Thirty minutes after induction of anesthesia with fentanyl and propofol, the lungs were hyperinflated manually up to an airway pressure of 40 cmH2O. FIO2 was either kept at 0.4 (group 1, n = 6) or changed to 1.0 (group 2, n = 6) during the recruitment maneuver. Atelectasis was assessed by computed tomography. The amount of dense areas was measured at end-expiration in a transverse plane at the base of the lungs. The ventilation-perfusion distributions (VA/Q) were estimated with the multiple inert gas elimination technique. The static compliance of the total respiratory system (Crs) was measured with the flow interruption technique.RESULTS:In group 1 (FIO2 = 0.4), the recruitment maneuver virtually eliminated atelectasis for at least 40 min, reduced shunt (VA/Q < 0.005), and increased at the same time the relative perfusion to poorly ventilated lung units (0.005 < VA/Q < 0.1; mean values are given). The arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) increased from 137 mmHg (18.3 kPa) to 163 mmHg (21.7 kPa; before and 40 min after recruitment, respectively; P = 0.028). In contrast to these findings, atelectasis recurred within 5 min after recruitment in group 2 (FIO2 = 1.0). Comparing the values before and 40 min after recruitment, all parameters of VA/Q were unchanged. In both groups, Crs increased from 57.1/55.0 ml.cmH2O-1 (group 1/group 2) before to 70.1/67.4 ml.cmH2O-1 after the recruitment maneuver. Crs showed a slow decrease thereafter (40 min after recruitment: 61.4/60.0 ml.cmH2O-1), with no difference between the two groups.CONCLUSIONS:The composition of inspiratory gas plays an important role in the recurrence of collapse of previously reexpanded atelectatic lung tissue during general anesthesia in patients with healthy lungs. The reason for the instability of these lung units remains to be established. The change in the amount of atelectasis and shunt appears to be independent of the change in the compliance of the respiratory system.
  •  
2.
  • Al-Saadi, Munir, 1965- (author)
  • Thermomechanical Processing of Nickel-Base Alloy 825
  • 2021
  • Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Alloy 825 material was studied using a Gleeble-3800 thermosimulatorby performing single-hot compression experiments.Optical microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction wereutilized to characterize the microstructure. Dynamicrecrystallization is not considerable in the as-cast alloy anddislocation recovery is deemed to be dominant. Based on thisfinding, the effect of adding trace amounts of alloying additionson the mechanical properties of cast alloy 825 was studied, withemphasis on whether or not dynamic recrystallization occurred.The results show that dynamic recrystallization was moreprevalent under all test conditions in samples containing a traceamount of magnesium, but not for the conventional alloy.However, alloying with trace magnesium did not lead to animprovement of the mechanical properties. Instead, processingmaps for hot forging of conventional Alloy 825 were required toidentify optimal working parameters and to achieve dynamicrecrystallization. The hot deformation behavior of cast Alloy 825was characterized by using dynamic materials modelling of hotcompression data. The results show that the maximum powerdissipation efficiency is over 35%. The highest efficiency isachieved in the temperature range of 1100 ℃ - 1250 ℃ and instrain rates in the range of 0.01 ≤ strain rate / s ≤ 0.1. The optimumprocessing parameters for good strain hardening are obtained inthe temperature range between 950 ℃ and 1100 ℃ with strainrates of 0.3 ≤ strain rate/ s ≤ 10.0. In addition, the influence of thedeformation level on the recrystallization and microstructuralchanges in Alloy 825 during hot forging operations attemperatures between 950 °C and 1200 °C was studied. Themaximum yield strength and ultimate tensile strength wereobtained after forging to achieve a true strain of 0.9 were 413 MPa and 622 MPa , respectively, with a ductility of 40%.However, Alloy 825 is often supplied as annealed bars.Therefore, the effect of the forging strain magnitude andsubsequent annealing on the microstructure, strengtheningmechanisms and room temperature mechanical properties wereinvestigated to assess the suitability of current industrialpractice. The results showed that the majority of strengtheningwas attributed to grain refinement, the dislocation densities thatarise due to the large forging strain, and due to solid solutionstrengthening. The results of calculations are in excellentagreement with experimental data, with less than 1% difference.These results can be used by future researchers and industry topredict the strength of Alloy 825 and similar alloys, especially inmaterial after a completed hot forging operation.
  •  
3.
  •  
4.
  • Berggård, Cecilia, 1975- (author)
  • Transcription Factor AP-2 in Relation to Personality and Antidepressant Drugs
  • 2004
  • Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • The CNS monoaminergic systems are considered as the head engine regulating neuropsychiatric functions and personality. Transcription factor AP-2 is known to be essential for the development of the brainstem including the monoaminergic nuclei, and has the ability to regulate many genes in the monoaminergic systems. The ability of transcription factors to regulate specific gene expression, has lately made them hot candidates as drug targets. In this thesis, results indicating a role of AP-2 in the molecular effects of the antidepressant drugs citalopram and phenelzine, are presented. A polymorphism in the second intron of the gene encoding AP-2ß has previously been associated with anxiety-related personality traits as estimated by the Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP). In this thesis, results confirming this association, gained by using a larger material and several different personality scales, are presented. Furthermore, data is presented showing an association between the activity of platelet monoamine oxidase, a trait-dependent marker for personality, and the genotype of the AP-2ß intron 2 polymorphism. The functional importance of the AP-2ß intron 2 polymorphism has not yet been elucidated. Included in this thesis are results showing that the AP-2ß intron 2 polymorphism is not in linkage disequilibrium with the only other described polymorphism in the AP-2ß gene, i.e. in the AP-2ß promoter (-67 G/A). Introns have in several studies been shown to include binding sites for regulatory proteins, and thus, to be important in transcriptional regulation. Results are presented demonstrating that one human brain nuclear protein binds only to the long variant of the AP-2ß intron 2 polymorphism. If this protein is involved in the regulation of the AP-2ß gene, it would affect the expression levels of the AP-2ß protein. In general, this thesis further establishes the role of transcription factor AP-2 as a regulatory factor of importance for personality and monoaminergic functions.
  •  
5.
  •  
6.
  •  
7.
  •  
8.
  • Calmunger, Mattias (author)
  • High-Temperature Behaviour of Austenitic Alloys : Influence of Temperature and Strain Rate on Mechanical Properties and Microstructural Development
  • 2013
  • Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • The global increase in energy consumption and the global warming from greenhouse gas emission creates the need for more environmental friendly energy production processes. Biomass power plants with higher efficiency could generate more energy but also reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, e.g. CO2. Biomass is the largest global contributor to renewable energy and offers no net contribution of CO2 to the atmosphere. One way to increase the efficiency of the power plants is to increase temperature and pressure in the boiler parts of the power plant.The materials used for the future biomass power plants, with higher temperature and pressure, require improved properties, such as higher yield strength, creep strength and high-temperature corrosion resistance. Austenitic stainless steels and nickel-base alloys have shown good mechanical and chemical properties at the operation temperatures of today’s biomass power plants. However, the performance of austenitic stainless steels at the future elevated temperatures is not fully understood.The aim of this licentiate thesis is to increase our knowledge about the mechanical performance of austenitic stainless steels at the demanding conditions of the new generation power plants. This is done by using slow strain rate tensile deformation at elevated temperature and long term hightemperature ageing together with impact toughness testing. Microscopy is used to investigate deformation, damage and fracture behaviours during slow deformation and the long term influence of temperature on toughness in the microstructure of these austenitic alloys. Results show that the main deformation mechanisms are planar dislocation deformations, such as planar slip and slip bands. Intergranular fracture may occur due to precipitation in grain boundaries both in tensile deformed and impact toughness tested alloys. The shape and amount of σ-phase precipitates have been found to strongly influence the fracture behaviour of some of the austenitic stainless steels. In addition, ductility is affected differently by temperature depending on alloy tested and dynamic strain ageing may not always lead to a lower ductility.
  •  
9.
  • ENGBERG, ARON, et al. (author)
  • 'A Fool for Christ' : Sense-Making and Negotiation of Identity in the Life Story of a Christian Soldier
  • 2014
  • In: Comprehending Christian Zionism : Perspectives in Comparison - Perspectives in Comparison. - Minneapolis : Fortress Press. - 9781451472264 - 9781451489644 ; , s. 33-59
  • Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • This chapter presents a narrative analysis of the life story of a Swedish Pentecostal who decided to join the Israeli Defense Forces out of his conviction that God wanted him to protect the chosen people. His story is treated as an example of lived Christian Zionism; as one of many manifestations that contemporary Christian affection for Israel can take. The analysis focuses on the central narrative pattern of calling-test of faith-confirmation, 'Jacob's' sense-making of his life choices, and the negotiation of his identity in relation to larger religious and cultural narratives.
  •  
10.
  • Engberg, Elisabeth, 1961- (author)
  • I fattiga omständigheter : Fattigvårdens former och understödstagare i Skellefteå socken under 1800-talet
  • 2005
  • Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • The aim of this thesis is to shed light upon the Swedish nineteenth century poor relief system, how it operated in a local rural context, how it changed over time, and not least, who was supported and why. It raises questions about how the poor laws were interpreted on the parish level, how the welfare systems interacted with local society and about who was considered to be poor and entitled to support. The geographical setting of the thesis is Skellefteå, a rural parish in northern Sweden, and it concentrates upon the period 1830–1875.Swedish poor relief was governed by the fundamental principle that each parish had a duty to support their own poor and each parish was allowed a large amount of freedom to adjust their welfare arrangements according to local conditions. In Skellefteå, the main incentive for modification of the poor relief system was not new regulations from the national level, but social and economic transformations on the local level. This implies that local requirements were put before national legislation and suggests the existence of several regional, and perhaps also local, poor relief systems in nineteenth-century Sweden.On the local level, the results indicate the existence of a parochial social citizenship based upon a common understanding of social rights and duties in the community, and grounded in a strong sense of affiliation with the local society. Generally there was a larger distance between the poor and their providers in the wealthier and more socially stratified villages, hence a more egalitarian context seem to have facilitated identification and empathy with the poor. The local provision for the poor created and maintained bonds within a community, as well as it helped to build and reinforce boundaries towards those who did not belong. A sometimes suspicious and negative attitude towards outsiders was to some extent caused by a fear of increased poor relief expenses, but it also bears witness to a rural culture with a strong sense of belonging to one’s own village or hamlet.The majority of men and women supported by poor relief in Skellefteå belonged to the lower strata of society long before they became welfare recipients. They were landless rural people with weak kinship networks, that in most cases were unable to mobilize any significant support in times of need. Childhood, early middle age, and old age were identified as phases in the life cycle that seem to have entailed an increased risk of poverty and dependence. A substantial proportion of the poor were breadwinners, middle aged men with large households to support, while the widowed and unmarried paupers usually were women. For many of these households the life cycles’ vulnerable periods were further reinforced by other factors: a breadwinner’s illness or disability, the death of a spouse, a major subsistence crisis, or a larger marginalization caused by a deviation from society’s moral standards. In most cases there seems to have been a delicate interplay between several social risks that determined if and when a person or a household was to end up being supported by poor relief.
  •  
11.
  • Engberg, Göran, et al. (author)
  • A Physically based Microstructure Model for Predicting the Microstructure Evolution of a C-Mn Steel during and after Deformation
  • 2008
  • In: Steel Research International. - Düsseldorf : Verlag Stahleisen GMBH. - 1611-3683 .- 1869-344X. ; 79:1, s. 47-58
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • A physically based model for predicting microstructural evolution has been developed. The model is based on a physical description of dislocation density evolution, where the generation and recovery of dislocations determine the flow stress and also the driving force for recrystallization. In the model, abnormally growing subgrains are assumed to be the nuclei of recrystallized grains and recrystallization starts when the subgrains reach a critical size and configuration. To verify that the model is able to describe dynamic, static and metadynamic recrystallization of C-Mn steels, hot compression tests combined with relaxation were performed at various temperatures, strains and strain rates. The model showed reasonable agreement with the experimental data for the compression tests performed at temperatures ranging from 850?C to 1200?C and strain rates ranging from 0.1 to 10 s-1. Also, the calculations of the stress relaxation tests show good agreement with experimental data. A validation of the model was done by calculating a multi-step test where good agreement with both flow-stress values and grain sizes was obtained. The main purpose of the model is to be able to predict the microstructural evolution during hot rolling and this investigation presents very promising results.
  •  
12.
  • Engberg, Göran, et al. (author)
  • Analysing metal working processes
  • 2005
  • In: Fundamentals of metallurgy. - Cambridge : Woodhead Publishing ltd. - 9781855739277 ; , s. 453-470
  • Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Metal working processes encompass a wide range of strain, strain rates and temperatures. Strains range from less than 0.01 (for example in skin-pass rolling of interstitial free steel) up to around 1 (cold rolling of strip, extrusion, etc.). Typical strain rates and temperatures are given in Table 11.1 (which is partly an extract from Frost and Ashby (1982). For plastic forming processes the most important characteristics of the material are: the ability to distribute strains; the deformation resistance; and the resulting properties of the formed part. The ability to distribute strains is mainly governed by the work hardening and strain-rate sensitivity. It is also affected by the strain path. The purpose of this paper is to outline the, in our view, most essential material properties for metal working processes and the microstructural reasons for them. We recognise that the presence and development of crystallographic texture is quite an important part but our purpose is not to give an extensive description of this, only to point out some consequences. For further reading we recommend a book by Kocks, Tomé and Wenk (1998). Another aspect that is only briefly covered is the influence of stress states and changes in strain paths during processing or between consecutive process steps.
  •  
13.
  • Engberg, Göran, et al. (author)
  • Analysis of the plastic deformation behavior for two austenitic NiCr-steels with different stacking fault energies
  • 2018
  • In: International Journal of Computational Physics Series. - : NSSEL Publishing. - 2631-8350. ; 1:1, s. 137-141
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Two austenitic stainless steels, with low and medium stacking fault energies (SFE), 20 mJ/m2 and 30 mJ/m2 respectively, have been studied by conventional tensile tests and in situ tensile tests in a FEG-SEM equipped for EBSD. High angle boundaries (HAB) and low angle boundaries (LAB) with misorientations >= 10o and >= 2o respectively have been determined, and size distributions for the LABs have been derived by linear intercepts. It was found that the size distributions could be described by bimodal lognormal functions. For the steel with highest SFE plastic deformation took place by dislocation slip only while the steel with low SFE deformed by slip and twinning. Using a model for slip based on the evolution of the dislocation density with the generation of dislocations inversely proportional to the mean free distance of slip and recovery of dislocations proportional to the dislocation density the stress strain-curves were analyzed and the results compared with the measured quantities. The mean free distance of slip as evaluated from the stress-strain curve for the steel with the highest SFE correlates very well with the mean size of the LABs intercept. The rate of recovery also gave an expected stress dependence. The stress needed to start deformation twinning was based on the assumption that Shockley partials become completely separated in the slip plane. The thus calculated values for the twinning stress showed an excellent agreement with the observed start of twinning as given by EBSD evaluation of twin boundaries (TB). For the alloy with low SFE both surface grains (in situ test) and bulk grains (from interrupted conventional tests) were studied. The stress needed for slip and twinning of surface grains was, as expected, in the order of 0.5-0.6 times the applied stress.
  •  
14.
  • Engberg, Göran, 1946- (author)
  • Constitutive models, physically based models for plasticity
  • 2014
  • In: Encyclopedia of Thermal Stresses. - Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London : Springer. - 9789400727397 ; , s. 649-662
  • Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Physically based models for the plastic behavior of crystalline, metallic materials are discussed. However, deformation by twinning and phase transformations as well as the evolution of texture are omitted. 
  •  
15.
  • Engberg, Göran, et al. (author)
  • Modeling microstructure development during hot working of an austenitic stainless steel
  • 2013
  • In: Materials Science Forum. - 0255-5476 .- 1662-9752. ; 753, s. 423-426
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • A number of physically based models are combined in order to predict microstructure development during hot deformation. The models treat average values for the generation and recovery of vacancies and dislocations, recrystallization and grain growth and the dissolution and precipitation of second phase particles. The models are applied to a number of laboratory experiments made on 304 austenitic stainless steel and the model parameters are adjusted from those used for low alloyed steel mainly in order to obtain the right kinetics for the influence of solute drag on climb of dislocations and on grain growth. The thermodynamic data are obtained using Thermo-Calc© to create solubility products for the possible secondary phases. One case of wire rolling has been analyzed mainly concerning the evolution of recrystallization and grain size. The time, temperature and strain history has been derived using process information. The models are shown to give a fair description of the microstructure development during hot working of the studied austenitic stainless steel. © (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.
  •  
16.
  • Engberg, Isak, et al. (author)
  • Fatigue in the general population-associations to age, sex, socioeconomic status, physical activity, sitting time and self-rated health : the northern Sweden MONICA study 2014
  • 2017
  • In: BMC Public Health. - : BIOMED CENTRAL LTD. - 1471-2458. ; 17
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background: Fatigue is widespread in the population and a common complaint in primary care. Little is known about prevalence of fatigue in the population and its predictors. We aimed to describe the pattern of fatigue in the general population and to explore the associations with age, sex, socioeconomic status, self-reported physical activity, sitting time and self-rated health.Methods: One thousand, five hundred and fifty-seven out of 2500 invited subjects in the Northern Sweden MONICA Study 2014, aged 25-74 years, filled out the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20), consisting of four subscales: General fatigue (GF), Physical fatigue (PF), Reduced activity (RA) and Mental fatigue (MF). Questions regarding age, sex, socioeconomic status, physical activity, sitting time and self-rated health were also included.Results: Higher age correlated significantly with lower fatigue scores for the GF and MF subscales. Women had higher fatigue scores than men on all subscales (p < 0.05). Among men, higher socioeconomic status was related to lower fatigue for the GF, PF and RA subscales (age adjusted p < 0.05). Among women, higher socioeconomic status was related to lower fatigue for the PF and MF subscales (age adjusted p < 0.05). Higher physical activity was connected to lower levels of fatigue for all subscales (age and sex adjusted p < 0.001) except for MF. Longer time spent sitting was also related to more fatigue on all subscales (age and sex adjusted p < 0.005) except for MF. Better self-rated health was strongly associated with lower fatigue for all subscales (age and sex adjusted p < 0.001).Conclusion: Older, highly educated, physically active men, with little sedentary behavior are generally the least fatigued. Self-rated health is strongly related to fatigue. Interventions increasing physical exercise and reducing sedentary behavior may be important to help patients with fatigue and should be investigated in prospective studies.
  •  
17.
  • Eren, Feride, et al. (author)
  • Immunological protein profiling of first-episode psychosis patients identifies CSF and blood biomarkers correlating with disease severity
  • 2023
  • In: Brain, behavior, and immunity. - : Elsevier. - 0889-1591 .- 1090-2139. ; 111, s. 376-385
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background and HypothesisImmune activation is suggested to play an important role in psychosis. In this study, a large number of immune-related proteins were analyzed to obtain a more comprehensive picture of immune aberrations in schizophrenia.Study DesignNinety-two immune markers were analyzed by the Olink Protein Extension Assay (Inflammatory Panel) in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 77 first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients (of which 43 later received the diagnosis of schizophrenia) and 56 healthy controls, all recruited from the Karolinska Schizophrenia Project (KaSP), Stockholm, Sweden.Study ResultsDifferential analysis showed that 12 of 92 inflammatory proteins were significantly higher in the plasma of FEP patients (n = 77) than in controls, and several proteins were positively correlated with disease severity. Patients from the same cohort diagnosed with schizophrenia (n = 43), showed significantly higher levels of 15 plasma proteins compared to controls whereas those not receiving this diagnosis showed no significant differences. The presently used OLINK inflammatory panel allowed the detection of only 47 CSF proteins of which only CD5 differed between patients and controls.ConclusionsThe levels of several peripheral immune markers, particularly those interfering with WNT/β-catenin signaling, were significantly higher in patients with FEP than in healthy controls and associated with illness severity.
  •  
18.
  • Erhardt, Sophie, et al. (author)
  • Kynurenic acid levels ae elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with schizophrenia
  • 2001
  • In: Neuroscience Letters. - 0304-3940 .- 1872-7972. ; 313:1-2, s. 96-98
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Kynurenic acid is an endogenous glutamate antagonist with a preferential action at the glycine-site of the N-methyl D-aspartate-receptor. Mounting evidence indicate that the compound is significantly involved in basal neurophysiological processes in the brain. In the present investigation, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) level of kynurenic acid was analyzed in 28 male schizophrenic patients and 17 male healthy controls by means of high pressure liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection. Schizophrenic patients showed elevated CSF levels of kynurenic acid (1.67 ▒ 0.27 nM) compared to the control group (0.97 ▒ 0.07 nM). Furthermore, CSF levels of kynurenic acid in schizophrenic patients were also found to correlate with age. The present finding is indicative of a contribution of kynurenic acid in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. ⌐ 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
  •  
19.
  • Eskilsson, Anna, 1986- (author)
  • Inflammatory Signaling Across the Blood-Brain Barrier and the Generation of Fever
  • 2020
  • Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Fever is a cardinal sign of inflammation and is evolutionary conserved. Fever is known to be beneficial during acute inflammation, but over time and if very high it can be detrimental. The signaling pathways by which fever is initiated by the brain and the peripheral mechanisms through which the temperature increase is generated were studied from several point of views. Fever is known to be dependent on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) binding to its receptors in the median preoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus, which signals to the brainstem and through sympathetic nerves to heat conserving and heat producing effector organs. This thesis focuses on identifying the cells that produce the PGE2 critical for the fever response; showing where in the brain the critical PGE2 production takes place; demonstrating how peripheral inflammation activates these cells to produce PGE2; and finally, identifying the effector mechanisms behind the temperature elevation in fever. By using a newly developed specific antibody we showed that the enzyme responsible for the terminal step in the production of PGE2, microsomal prostaglandin E-synthase 1 (mPGES-1), is expressed in endothelial cells of brain blood vessels in mice where it is co-expressed with the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), which is known to be induced in these cells and to be rate limiting for the PGE2 production. The mPGES-1 enzyme was also expressed in several other cell types and structures which however did not express Cox-2, such as capillary-associated pericytes, astroglial cells, leptomeninges, and the choroid plexus. The role of the mPGES-1 in these other cells/structures remains unknown. Next, by using mice with selective deletion of Cox-2 in brain endothelial cells, we showed that local PGE2 production in deep brain areas, such as the hypothalamus, is critical for the febrile response to peripheral inflammation. In contrast, PGE2 production in other brain areas and the overall PGE2 level in the brain were not critical for the febrile response. Partly restoring the PGE2 synthesizing capacity in the anterior hypothalamus of mice lacking such capacity with a lentiviral vector resulted in a temperature elevation in response to an intraperitoneal injection of bacterial wall lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The data show that the febrile response is dependent on the local release of PGE2 onto its target neurons, possibly by a paracrine mechanism. Deletion of the receptor for the pyrogenic cytokine IL-6 on brain endothelial cells, but not on neurons or peripheral nerves, strongly attenuated the febrile response to LPS and reduced the induction of the Cox-2 expression in the hypothalamus. Furthermore, mice deficient of the IL- 6Rα gene in the brain endothelial cells showed a reduced SOCS3 mRNA induction, whereas IκB mRNA-levels were unaffected, suggesting that the IL-6 signaling occurs via STAT3 activation and not signaling through the transcription factor NF-κB. This idea was confirmed by the observation of attenuated fever in mice deficient of STAT3 in brain endothelial cells. These data show that IL-6, when endogenously released during systemic inflammation, is pyrogenic by binding to IL-6R on brain endothelial cells to induce prostaglandin synthesis in these cells. Finally, we demonstrate that mice with genetic deletion of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1), hence lacking functional brown adipose tissue, had a normal fever response to LPS, and that LPS caused no activation of brown adipose tissue in wild type mice. However, blocking peripheral cutaneous vasoconstriction resulted in a blunted fever response to LPS, suggesting that heat conservation, possibly together with shivering or non-shivering thermogenesis in the musculature, is responsible for the generation of immune-induced fever, whereas brown adipose tissue thermogenesis is not involved.  
  •  
20.
  • Farooq, Muhammad, 1976- (author)
  • Strengthening and degradation mechanisms in austenitic stainless steels at elevated temperature
  • 2013
  • Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • With rapid economic developments and rising living standards, the demand for electricity all over the world is greatly increased. Due to high fuel costs, the steam boilers with higher steam temperature and pressure are needed to decrease the cost of power generation throughout the world extensively. In recent years, human awareness of the gradual strengthening of environmental protection increases, therefore to reduce the CO2 emissions the power generation efficiency needs to be improved. The development of high temperature materials with improved creep rupture strength and oxidation resistance is critically needed. Materials for these demanding conditions are austenitic stainless steels such as 310, 310NbN and Sanicro 25.Fundamental models have been developed for the precipitation of coarse particles during long time ageing of austenitic stainless steels and the influence of the particles on the mechanical properties. The models have been verified by ageing experiments. The austenitic stainless steel 310 was aged for up to 5000 h at 800 ºC. The precipitation models could satisfactorily describe the influence of ageing time on the radii and the volume fractions of particles. Models for the influence of the coarse precipitates on the tensile properties and the toughness were developed and reproduce the measured mechanical properties without the use of any fitting parameters. These developed models were utilised to investigate the influence of bands on ductility and toughness at room temperature. Up to 10 % σ-phase was observed to precipitate, which has a pronounced influence of the mechanical properties. Thermodynamic analysis demonstrated that the amount of precipitates due to ageing can significantly be reduced if the nitrogen or the carbon content is increased.Microstructure investigations of austenitic stainless steel 310NbN and Sanicro 25 were carried out by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The austenitic stainless steel 310NbN was aged for up to 10000 h at 650 and 750 ºC. The austenitic stainless steel Sanicro 25 was also aged for up to 10000 h at 650 and 700 ºC. Phase fractions and mean radii evolution of precipitates were calculated and compared to the experimental results. Size distributions of the precipitates in these steels were determined. Models for the different contributions to the creep strength have been applied: i) a recovery creep model for the dislocation hardening; ii) a climb controlled model for the precipitation hardening; iii) solid solution hardening from Cottrell clouds of solutes around the dislocations, and iv) A modified Dobes model for the effective stress. The total contributions can describe the experimental creep strength satisfactorily without the use of adjustable parameters.
  •  
21.
  • Gyhlesten Back, Jessica, et al. (author)
  • Investigation of parent austenite grains from martensite structure using EBSD in a wear resistant steel
  • 2017
  • In: Materials. - : MDPI. - 1996-1944. ; 10:5
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Crystallographic reconstruction of parent austenite grain boundaries from the martensitic microstructure in a wear resistant steel was carried out using electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). The present study mainly aims to investigate the parent austenite grains from the martensitic structure in an as-rolled (reference) steel sample and samples obtained by quenching at different cooling rates with corresponding dilatometry. Subsequently, this study is to correlate the nearest cooling rate by the dilatometer which yields a similar orientation relationship and substructure as the reference sample. The Kurdjumov-Sachs orientation relationship was used to reconstruct the parent austenite grain boundaries from the martensite boundaries in both reference and dilatometric samples using EBSD crystallographic data. The parent austenite grain boundaries were successfully evaluated from the EBSD data and the corresponding grain sizes were measured. The parent austenite grain boundaries of the reference sample match the sample quenched at 100 °C/s (CR100). Also the martensite substructures and crystallographic textures are similar in these two samples. The results from hardness measurements show that the reference sample exhibits higher hardness than the CR100 sample due to the presence of carbides in the reference sample.
  •  
22.
  • Gyhlesten Back, Jessica (author)
  • Modelling and Characterisation of the Martensite Formation in Low Alloyed Carbon Steels
  • 2017
  • Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • The current work contains experimental and theoretical work about the formation of martensite from the austenitic state of the steel Hardox 450. Simulation of rolling and subsequent quenching of martensitic steel plates requires a model that can account for previous deformation, current stresses and the temperature history, therefore dilatometry experiments were performed, with and without deformation. Two austenitization schedules were used and in the standard dilatometry the cooling rates varied between 5-100 °C/s, in order to find the minimum cooling rate that gives a fully martensitic microstructure. Cooling rates larger than 40°C/s gave a fully martensitic microstructure. The cooling rate of 100 °C/s was used in the deformation dilatometry tests where the uniaxial deformation varied from 5-50 %. The theoretical work involved modelling of the martensite formation and the thermal/transformation strains they cause in the steel. Characterizations were done using light optical microscopy, hardness tests and electron backscatter diffraction technique. The parent austenite grains of the martensitic structure were reconstructed using the orientation relationship between the parent austenite and the martensite. Kurdjumov-Sachs orientation relationships have previously been proven to work well for low-carbon steels and was therefore selected.The standard implementation of the Koistinen-Marburger equation for martensite formation and a more convenient approach were compared. The latter approach does not require the storage of initial austenite fraction at start of martensite formation. The comparison shows that the latter model works equally well for the martensite formation. The results showed that the use of martensite start and finish temperatures calibrated versus experiments for Hardox 450 works better when computing thermal expansion than use of general relations based on the chemistry of the steel.The results from deformation dilatometry showed that deformation by compressive uniaxial stresses impedes the martensite transformation. The simplified incremental model works well for deformation with 5 % and 10 %. However, the waviness in the experimental curve for deformation 50 % does not fit the model due vi to large barrelling effect and the large relative expansion for the material that the sample holders are made of.Crystallographic reconstruction of parent austenite grains were performed on a hot-rolled as-received reference sample and dilatometry samples cooled with 60 °C/s and 100 °C/s. The misorientation results showed that the samples match with the Kurdjumov-Sachs orientation relationship in both hot rolled product and dilatometry samples. When misorientation between adjacent pixels are between 15° and 48°, then the boundary between them was considered as a parent austenite grain. The austenitic grain boundaries of the sample cooled at 100 °C/s is in general identical with the hot rolled sample when considering high angle boundaries (15°-48°). The results from the hardness tests showed that the rolled product exhibits higher hardness as compared to samples cooled by 100 °C/s and 60 °C/s. This can be attributed to the formation of transition-iron-carbides in the hot rolled product due to longer exposure of coiling temperature.
  •  
23.
  • Haroon, Humza, et al. (author)
  • Cerebrospinal fluid proteomic signatures are associated with symptom severity of first-episode psychosis
  • 2024
  • In: Journal of Psychiatric Research. - : Elsevier. - 0022-3956 .- 1879-1379. ; 171, s. 306-315
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Apart from their diagnostic, monitoring, or prognostic utility in clinical settings, molecular biomarkers may be instrumental in understanding the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. Using untargeted metabolomics, we recently identified eight cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolites unique to first-episode psychosis (FEP) subjects compared to healthy controls (HC). In this study, we sought to investigate the CSF proteomic signatures associated with FEP. We employed 16-plex tandem mass tag (TMT) mass spectrometry (MS) to examine the relative protein abundance in CSF samples of 15 individuals diagnosed with FEP and 15 age-and-sex-matched healthy controls (HC). Multiple linear regression model (MLRM) identified 16 differentially abundant CSF proteins between FEP and HC at p < 0.01. Among them, the two most significant CSF proteins were collagen alpha-2 (IV) chain (COL4A2: standard mean difference [SMD] = -1.12, p = 1.64 × 10-4) and neuron-derived neurotrophic factor (NDNF: SMD = -1.03, p = 4.52 × 10-4) both of which were down-regulated in FEP subjects compared to HC. We also identified several potential CSF proteins associated with the pathophysiology and the symptom profile and severity in FEP subjects, including COL4A2, NDNF, hornerin (HRNR), contactin-6 (CNTN6), voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-3 (CACNA2D3), tropomyosin alpha-3 chain (TPM3 and TPM4). Moreover, several protein signatures were associated with cognitive performance. Although the results need replication, our exploratory study suggests that CSF protein signatures can be used to increase the understanding of the pathophysiology of psychosis.
  •  
24.
  • Hashimoto, Kenji, et al. (author)
  • Elevated glutamine/glutamate ratio in cerebrospinal fluid of first episode and drug naive schizophrenic patients
  • 2005
  • In: BMC Psychiatry. - 1471-244X. ; 5
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background: Recent magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies report that glutamine is altered in the brains of schizophrenic patients. There were also conflicting findings on glutamate in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of schizophrenic patients, and absent for glutamine. This study aims to clarify the question of glutamine and glutamate in CSF of first episode and drug naive schizophrenic patients. Method: Levels of glutamine and glutamate in CSF of 25 first episode and drug-naive male schizophrenic patients and 17 age-matched male healthy controls were measured by a high performance liquid chromatography. Results: The ratio (126.1 (median), 117.7 ± 27.4 (mean ± S.D.)) of glutamine to glutamate in the CSF of patients was significantly (z = -3.29, p = 0.001) higher than that (81.01 (median), 89.1 ± 22.5 (mean ± S.D.)) of normal controls although each level of glutamine and glutamate in patients was not different from that of normal controls. Conclusion: Our data suggests that a disfunction in glutamate-glutamine cycle in the brain may play a role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. © 2005 Hashimoto et al, licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
  •  
25.
  •  
26.
  • Karlsson, Maths, 1978, et al. (author)
  • Quasielastic neutron scattering of hydrated BaZr0.90A0.10O2.95 (A = Y and Sc)
  • 2009
  • In: Solid State Ionics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2738. ; 180:1, s. 22-28
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Proton motions in hydrated proton conducting perovskites BaZr 0.90 A 0.10 O 2.95 (A = Y and Sc) have been investigated using quasielastic neutron scattering. The results reveal a localized motion on the ps time scale and with an activation energy of ~ 10-30 meV, in both materials. The temperature dependence of the total mean square displacement of the protons shows an onset of this motion at a temperature of about 300 K. The low activation energy, much lower than the activation energy for the macroscopic proton conductivity, suggests that this motion is not the rate-limiting process for the long-range proton diffusion, i.e. it is not linked to the two materials significantly different proton conductivities. In fact, a comparison of the QENS results with density functional theory calculations indicates that for both materials the observed motion may be ascribed to intra-octahedral proton transfers occurring close to a dopant atom. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
  •  
27.
  • Karlsson, Maths, 1978, et al. (author)
  • Using Neutron Spin-Echo To Investigate Proton Dynamics in Proton-Conducting Perovskites
  • 2010
  • In: Chemistry of Materials. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5002 .- 0897-4756. ; 22:3, s. 740-742
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The applicability and potential of neutron spin-echo (NSE) to study proton dynamics in proton-conducting ceramics was studied. The experiment was performed on hydrated BaZr 0,90 Y 0.10 O 2.95 (10Y:BZO), a cubic perovskite with a relatively high proton conductivity. The NSE experiment was performed at the IN15 spectrometer at Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL) in Grenoble, France. The relaxation rate for two Q-values for the temperature 563 K was determined. The first-principles calculations were carried out within the framework of density functional theory (DFT). The calculated diffusion harriers far from Y-dopants are found to he 0.20 and 0.18 eV for the proton transfer and hydroxyl rotation motion, respectively. The binding energy to a Y-dopant is 0.16 eV, and the influence of the Y-dopant on the energetics for the proton is quite extended in space, including both the first and the second coordination shells.
  •  
28.
  • Karlsson, Maths, 1978, et al. (author)
  • Vibrational Properties of Protons in Hydrated BaInxZr1-xO3-x/2
  • 2005
  • In: Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 72, s. 1-7
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • We investigate the local proton dynamics in the proton conducting hydrated perovskite system BaInxZr1-xO3-x/2 (x=0.25-0.75) using infrared spectroscopy and first-principles calculations. We show that oxygen vacancies and dopant atoms in the vicinity of the proton tilt the proton toward a neighboring oxygen creating strongly hydrogen-bonded configurations. This is manifested as a strong redshift of the O-H stretch band in the infrared absorption spectrum. We also find considerable fluctuations of the nearest and next-nearest oxygen-proton distances with time, resulting in additional spectral broadening. By comparing the frequencies of computed O-H stretch modes we can relate specific local configurations to different parts of the broad O-H stretch band. Even though hydrogen-bonded configurations favor proton transfer they hinder the long-range migration by decreasing the reorientational rate. Thus, in order to optimize the proton mobility it is important to avoid extreme configurations caused by either oxygen vacancies or dopant atoms in the perovskite structure.
  •  
29.
  • Kegel, Magdalena E., et al. (author)
  • Imbalanced Kynurenine Pathway in Schizophrenia
  • 2014
  • In: International Journal of Tryptophan Research. - : Libertas Academica. - 1178-6469. ; 7, s. 15-22
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Several studies suggest a role for kynurenic acid (KYNA) in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. It has been proposed that increased brain KYNA levels in schizophrenia result from a pathological shift in the kynurenine pathway toward enhanced KYNA formation, away from the other branch of the pathway leading to quinolinic acid (QUIN). Here we investigate the levels of QUIN in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls, and relate those to CSF levels of KYNA and other kynurenine metabolites from the same individuals. CSF QUIN levels from stable outpatients treated with olanzapine (n = 22) and those of controls (n = 26) were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. No difference in CSF QUIN levels between patients and controls was observed (20.6 ± 1.5 nM vs. 18.2 ± 1.1 nM, P = 0.36). CSF QUIN was positively correlated to CSF kynurenine and CSF KYNA in patients but not in controls. The CSF QUIN/KYNA ratio was lower in patients than in controls (P = 0.027). In summary, the present study offers support for an over-activated and imbalanced kynurenine pathway, favoring the production of KYNA over QUIN in patients with schizophrenia.
  •  
30.
  • Kegel, Magdalena E., et al. (author)
  • Kynurenic acid and psychotic symptoms and personality traits in twins with psychiatric morbidity
  • 2017
  • In: Psychiatry Research. - : Elsevier. - 0165-1781 .- 1872-7123. ; 247, s. 105-112
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Increased cytokines and kynurenic acid (KYNA) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been reported in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The aim of the present study was to investigate cytokines and kynurenines in the CSF of twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and to study these CSF markers in relation to psychotic symptoms and personality traits. CSF levels of tryptophan (TRP), KYNA, quinolinic acid (QUIN), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were analyzed in 23 twins with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, and in their not affected co-twins. Ratings of psychotic symptoms and personality traits were made using the Scales for Assessment of Negative and Positive symptoms, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV - Axis II Disorders, and the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire - Brief. A total score for psychotic symptoms and personality traits was constructed for analysis. CSF KYNA was associated with the score for psychotic symptom and personality traits. TNF-α and IL-8 were associated, and the intra-pair differences scores of TNF-α and IL-8 were highly correlated. Intraclass correlations indicated genetic influences on CSF KYNA, TRP, IL-8 and TNF-α. The association between KYNA and psychotic symptoms further supports a role of KYNA in psychotic disorders.
  •  
31.
  • Kurbasic, Azra, et al. (author)
  • Gene-Lifestyle Interactions in Complex Diseases : Design and Description of the GLACIER and VIKING Studies
  • 2014
  • In: Current nutrition reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2161-3311. ; 3:4, s. 400-411
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Most complex diseases have well-established genetic and non-genetic risk factors. In some instances, these risk factors are likely to interact, whereby their joint effects convey a level of risk that is either significantly more or less than the sum of these risks. Characterizing these gene-environment interactions may help elucidate the biology of complex diseases, as well as to guide strategies for their targeted prevention. In most cases, the detection of gene-environment interactions will require sample sizes in excess of those needed to detect the marginal effects of the genetic and environmental risk factors. Although many consortia have been formed, comprising multiple diverse cohorts to detect gene-environment interactions, few robust examples of such interactions have been discovered. This may be because combining data across studies, usually through meta-analysis of summary data from the contributing cohorts, is often a statistically inefficient approach for the detection of gene-environment interactions. Ideally, single, very large and well-genotyped prospective cohorts, with validated measures of environmental risk factor and disease outcomes should be used to study interactions. The presence of strong founder effects within those cohorts might further strengthen the capacity to detect novel genetic effects and gene-environment interactions. Access to accurate genealogical data would also aid in studying the diploid nature of the human genome, such as genomic imprinting (parent-of-origin effects). Here we describe two studies from northern Sweden (the GLACIER and VIKING studies) that fulfill these characteristics.
  •  
32.
  • Linderholm, Klas R, et al. (author)
  • Increased Levels of Kynurenine and Kynurenic Acid in the CSF of Patients With Schizophrenia
  • 2012
  • In: Schizophrenia Bulletin. - : Oxford University Press. - 0586-7614 .- 1745-1701. ; 38:3, s. 426-432
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background: The kynurenic acid (KYNA) hypothesis for schizophrenia is partly based on studies showing increased brain levels of KYNA in patients. KYNA is an endogenous metabolite of tryptophan (TRP) produced in astrocytes and antagonizes N-methyl-D-aspartate and alpha7* nicotinic receptors. Methods: The formation of KYNA is determined by the availability of substrate, and hence, we analyzed KYNA and its precursors, kynurenine (KYN) and TRP, in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with schizophrenia. CSF from male patients with schizophrenia on olanzapine treatment (n = 16) was compared with healthy male volunteers (n = 29). Results: KYN and KYNA concentrations were higher in patients with schizophrenia (60.7 +/- 4.37nM and 2.03 +/- 0.23nM, respectively) compared with healthy volunteers (28.6 +/- 1.44nM and 1.36 +/- 0.08nM, respectively), whereas TRP did not differ between the groups. In all subjects, KYN positively correlated to KYNA. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate increased levels of CSF KYN and KYNA in patients with schizophrenia and further support the hypothesis that KYNA is involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
  •  
33.
  • Lissel, Linda, et al. (author)
  • Modeling precipitation and its effect on recrystallization during hot strip rolling of niobium steels
  • 2008
  • In: 3rd Int. Conf. on Thermomechanical Processing of Steels. - Padua, Italy.
  • Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Using a physically based model, the microstructural evolution of Nb microalloyed steels during rolling in SSAB Tunnplåt’s hot strip mill was modeled. The model describes the evolution of dislocation density, the creation and diffusion of vacancies, dynamic and static recovery through climb and glide, subgrain formation and growth, dynamic and static recrystallization and grain growth. Also, the model describes the dissolution and precipitation of particles. The impeding effect on grain growth and recrystallization due to solute drag and particles is accounted for. During hot strip rolling of Nb steels, Nb in solid solution retards recrystallization due to solute drag and at lower temperatures strain-induced precipitation of Nb(C,N) may occur which effectively retard recrystallization. The flow stress behavior during hot rolling was calculated where the mean flow stress values were calculated using both the model and measured mill data. The model showed that solute drag has an essential effect on recrystallization during hot rolling of Nb steels.
  •  
34.
  •  
35.
  • Lissel, Linda, et al. (author)
  • Prediction of the microstructural evolution during hot strip rolling of Nb microalloyed steels
  • 2007
  • In: Materials Science Forum. - 0255-5476 .- 1662-9752. ; 558-559:2, s. 1127-1132
  • Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • A physically based model is used to describe the microstructural evolution of Nb microalloyed steels during hot rolling. The model is based on a physical description of dislocation density evolution, where the generation and recovery of dislocations determines the flow stress and also the driving force for recrystallization. In the model, abnormally growing subgrains are assumed to be the nuclei of recrystallized grains and recrystallization starts when the subgrains reach a critical size and configuration. The model is used to predict the flow stress during rolling in SSAB Tunnplat's hot strip mill. The predicted flow stress in each stand was compared to the stresses calculated by a friction-hill roll-force model. Good fit is obtained between the predicted values by the microstructure model and the measured mill data, with an agreement generally within the interval +/-15%.
  •  
36.
  • Magnusson, Hans, 1979- (author)
  • Creep modelling of particle strengthened steels
  • 2007
  • Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Materials to be used in thermal power plants have to resist creep deformation for time periods up to 30 years. The role of alloying elements for creep strength of 9-12% Cr steels is analysed. The creep strength in these steels relies on minor additions of alloying elements. Precipitates give rise to the main strengthening and remaining elements produce solid solution hardening. Nucleation, growth and coarsening of particles are predicted by thermodynamic modelling. Phase fractions and size distributions of M23C6 carbides, MX carbonitrides and Laves phase are presented. The size distributions are needed in order to determine the particle hardening during creep. At elevated temperatures the climb mobility is so high that the dislocations can climb across particles instead of passing by making Orowan loops. By solving Fick's second law the concentration profile around a moving dislocation can be determined. The results show an accumulation of solutes around the dislocation that slows down dislocation movement. When Laves phase grows a decrease in creep strength is observed due to a larger loss in solid solution hardening than strength increase by particle hardening. Solid solution hardening also gives an explanation of the low dislocation climb mobility in 9-12% Cr steels. Three different dislocation types are distinguished, free dislocations, immobile dislocation and immobile boundary dislocations. This distinction between types of dislocations is essential in understanding the decreasing creep with strain during primary creep. The empirical relation with subgrain size inversely proportional to stress has been possible to predict. The total creep strength can be predicted by adding the contribution from individual mechanisms.
  •  
37.
  • Molnar, David, et al. (author)
  • Deformation properties of austenitic stainless steels with different stacking fault energies
  • 2018
  • In: Materials Science Forum. - Switzerland : Trans Tech Publications Ltd. - 0255-5476 .- 1662-9752. ; 941, s. 190-197, s. 190-197
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • In FCC metals a single parameter – stacking fault energy (SFE) – can help to predict the expectable way of deformation such as martensitic deformation, deformation twinning or pure dislocation glide. At low SFE one can expect the perfect dislocations to dissociate into partial dislocations, but at high SFE this separation is more restricted. The role of the magnitude of the stacking fault energy on the deformation microstructures and tensile behaviour of different austenitic steels have been investigated using uniaxial tensile testing and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The SFE was determined by using quantum mechanical first-principles approach. By using plasticity models we make an attempt to explain and interpret the different strain hardening behaviour of stainless steels with different stacking fault energies.
  •  
38.
  • Molnár, Dávid Sándor, et al. (author)
  • Effect of temperature on the stacking fault energy and deformation behaviour in 316L austenitic stainless steel
  • 2019
  • In: Materials Science & Engineering. - : Elsevier. - 0921-5093 .- 1873-4936. ; 759, s. 490-497
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The stacking fault energy (SFE) is often used as a key parameter to predict and describe the mechanical behaviour of face centered cubic material. The SFE determines the width of the partial dislocation ribbon, and shows strong correlation with the leading plastic deformation modes. Based on the SFE, one can estimate the critical twinning stress of the system as well. The SFE mainly depends on the composition of the system, but temperature can also play an important role. In this work, using first principles calculations, electron backscatter diffraction and tensile tests, we show a correlation between the temperature dependent critical twinning stress and the developing microstructure in a typical austenitic stainless steel (316L) during plastic deformation. We also show that the deformation twins contribute to the strain hardening rate and gradually disappear with increasing temperature. We conclude that, for a given grain size there is a critical temperature above which the critical twinning stress cannot be reached by normal tensile deformation, and the disappearance of the deformation twinning leads to lower strain hardening rate and decreased ductility.
  •  
39.
  • Molnár, Dávid Sándor, et al. (author)
  • Experimental study of the γ-surface of austenitic stainless steels
  • 2019
  • In: Acta Materialia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1359-6454 .- 1873-2453. ; 173, s. 34-43
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • We introduce a theory-guided experimental approach to study the γ-surface of austenitic stainless steels. The γ-surface includes a series of intrinsic energy barriers (IEBs), which are connected to the unstable stacking fault (USF), the intrinsic stacking fault (ISF), the unstable twinning fault (UTF) and the extrinsic stacking fault (ESF) energies. The approach uses the relationship between the Schmid factors and the effective energy barriers for twinning and slip. The deformation modes are identified as a function of grain orientation using in situ electron backscatter diffraction measurements. The observed critical grain orientation separating the twinning and slip regimes yields the USF energy, which combined with the universal scaling law provides access to all IEBs. The measured IEBs and the critical twinning stress are verified by direct first-principles calculations. The present advance opens new opportunities for modelling the plastic deformation mechanisms in multi-component alloys.
  •  
40.
  • Molnár, Dávid Sándor, 1990- (author)
  • Stacking fault energy and deformation behaviour of austenitic stainless steels: a joint theoretical-experimental study
  • 2019
  • Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Austenitiska rostfria stål är främst kända för sin exceptionella korrosionsbeständighet. De har en ytcentrerad kubisk (FCC) struktur som stabiliseras genom att nickel, mangan eller kväve tillsätts till Fe-Cr legeringen. Fe-Cr-Ni-systemet kan utökas ytterligare genom tillsats av andra element såsom Mo, Cu, Ti, C, etc. för att förbättra egenskaperna. Eftersom austenitiska rostfria stål ofta används som konstruktionsmaterial är det viktigt att kunna förutsäga deras mekaniska egenskaper baserat på deras sammansättning, mikrostruktur, magnetiska tillstånd, etc. I denna avhandling är det plastiska deformationsbeteendet hos austenitiska rostfria stål undersökt med teoretiskt och experimentellt. I FCC material spelar staplingsfelsenergin (SFE) en viktig roll vid förutsägelsen och beskrivning av deformationsmekanism. Baserat på storleken av SFE kan olika deformationsmekanismer observeras, såsom martensitbildning, tvillingbildning, eller dislokationsglidning. Alla dessa funktioner påverkar beteendet, därför är det önskvärt att förutsäga och kontrollera deras förekomst. Legering och temperatur har stark inverkan på SFE och därmed legeringarnas mekaniska egenskaper. Flera modeller, baserade på SFE och mer nyligen på den så kallade generaliserade staplingsfelenergin (GSFE eller γ-surface), är tillgängliga för att förutsäga legeringens affinitet till tvillingbildning och den kritiska spänning som representerar den minsta upplösta skjuvspänningen som krävs för att initiera tvillingbildning. Man kan använda ab initio beräkningar baserade på täthetsfunktionalteori (DFT) för att beräkna GSFE för austenitiska stål och härleda parametrar som twinnability och kritisk tvillingsspänning.Korrelation mellan staplingsfelenergi och deformationsbeteendet för fyra olika austenitiska rostavstavning stål diskuteras i detta arbete. SFE för de valda legeringarna erhålls genom ab initio beräkningar och baserat på olika modeller, deras tendens till tvillingbildning och den kritiska tvillingsspänningen kan förutsägas. Deras mekaniska beteende och affinitet till tvilling och martensitisk transformation kartläggs över ett brett temperaturområde (−70°C to +500°C) för de fyra legeringarna. De teoretiska förutsägelserna jämförs med resultat från dragprov och bakåtspridd elektrondiffraktion (EBSD). Flera konventionella och in situ dragprov utfördes för att verifiera de teoretiska resultaten. Vi utförde EBSD-mätningar på dragprov som avbrutits vid olika töjningar och efter brott samt med in situ dragprov för att följa utvecklingen av mikrostrukturen noggrant. Vi tar hänsyn till de inre energibarriärernas roll i våra förutsägelser och presenterar ett nytt sätt att experimentellt få GSFE av austenitiska rostfria stål. Tidigare kunde endast SFE mätas tillförlitligt genom väl utformade experiment. I den aktuella avhandlingen går vi vidare och föreslår en teknik som kan ge noggranna värden för den instabila staplingsfelenergin för alla austenitiska legeringar som uppvisar tvillingbildning på låga spänningsnivåer. Betydelsen av temperatur och mellanliggande legering på mekaniskt beteende undersökt också i detta arbete.
  •  
41.
  • Molnár, Dávid Sándor, et al. (author)
  • Study of the alternative mechanism behind the constant strain hardening rate in high‑nitrogen steels
  • 2020
  • In: Materials Characterization. - : Elsevier BV. - 1044-5803 .- 1873-4189. ; 170
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • In this study, three austenitic stainless steels with different compositions are compared in terms of their deformation behaviour. Two of the investigated steels have considerable high nitrogen content which affects their deformation behaviour. The deformation properties and microstructure of the materials were studied by tensile testing and electron backscatter diffraction. We observe that the strain hardening rate curve of the alloy with low nitrogen content shows a continuously decreasing slope, whereas those of the high‑nitrogen steels exhibit a clear plateau. Since no twinning or ε-phase formation is observed at the corresponding strain levels, we suggest that the addition of a large amount of nitrogen suppresses cross-slip and promotes dislocation planarisation. The microstructural evolution of the materials during deformation supports the above scenario. Based on the results of the ab initio calculations, the deformation behaviour of high‑nitrogen alloys cannot be explained in terms of the stacking fault energy.
  •  
42.
  • Mätlik, Kärt, et al. (author)
  • Elevated endogenous GDNF induces altered dopamine signalling in mice and correlates with clinical severity in schizophrenia.
  • 2022
  • In: Molecular Psychiatry. - : Springer Nature. - 1359-4184 .- 1476-5578.
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Presynaptic increase in striatal dopamine is the primary dopaminergic abnormality in schizophrenia, but the underlying mechanisms are not understood. Here, we hypothesized that increased expression of endogenous GDNF could induce dopaminergic abnormalities that resemble those seen in schizophrenia. To test the impact of GDNF elevation, without inducing adverse effects caused by ectopic overexpression, we developed a novel in vivo approach to conditionally increase endogenous GDNF expression. We found that a 2-3-fold increase in endogenous GDNF in the brain was sufficient to induce molecular, cellular, and functional changes in dopamine signalling in the striatum and prefrontal cortex, including increased striatal presynaptic dopamine levels and reduction of dopamine in prefrontal cortex. Mechanistically, we identified adenosine A2a receptor (A2AR), a G-protein coupled receptor that modulates dopaminergic signalling, as a possible mediator of GDNF-driven dopaminergic abnormalities. We further showed that pharmacological inhibition of A2AR with istradefylline partially normalised striatal GDNF and striatal and cortical dopamine levels in mice. Lastly, we found that GDNF levels are increased in the cerebrospinal fluid of first episode psychosis patients, and in post-mortem striatum of schizophrenia patients. Our results reveal a possible contributor for increased striatal dopamine signalling in a subgroup of schizophrenia patients and suggest that GDNF-A2AR crosstalk may regulate dopamine function in a therapeutically targetable manner.
  •  
43.
  • Nilsson, Linda K, et al. (author)
  • Cerebrospinal fluid kynurenic acid in male and female controls - Correlation with monoamine metabolites and influences of confounding factors
  • 2007
  • In: Journal of Psychiatric Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3956 .- 1879-1379. ; 41:1-2, s. 144-151
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The concentrations of the tryptophan metabolite kynurenic acid (KYNA) and the monoamine metabolites homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylglycol (HMPG) were determined in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 43 healthy volunteers (30 males and 13 females). Healthy female controls displayed higher CSF concentration of KYNA (1.91 nM ± 0.20) compared to healthy male controls (1.06 nM ± 0.07) and lower CSF levels of HMPG (39.2 nM ± 2.0 and 43.4 ± 1.2, respectively). CSF levels of HVA and 5-HIAA did not differ between females (181.3 nM ± 21.9 and 93.7 nM ± 11.4, respectively) and males (138.9 nM ± 12.6 and 74.8 nM ± 5.9, respectively). Positive intercorrelations were found between CSF KYNA, HVA and 5-HIAA while CSF content of HMPG did not correlate with KYNA or the other monoamine metabolites in CSF. A negative correlation was found between back length and CSF concentrations of KYNA, HVA and 5-HIAA and also between CSF KYNA levels and body height. The results of the present study suggest that concentrations of KYNA and the monoamine metabolites in CSF from healthy controls are dependent on gender and back length, which must be taken in consideration when analysing mixed groups of men and women. The higher KYNA concentration found in female controls compared to male might be attributed to a shorter back in women compared to men. Furthermore, these findings suggest that increased KYNA formation is associated with an increased dopamine and serotonin turnover. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
  •  
44.
  • Niskanen, Ilpo, et al. (author)
  • Determination of relative solids concentration in homogeneous dual component pulp-filler suspension by multi-spectrophotometer
  • 2020
  • In: Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0283-2631 .- 2000-0669. ; 35:1, s. 71-77
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The concentration of fibers and fillers in the pulp suspension is an important parameter in the monitoring process. This paper proposes a versatile optical measurement system to estimate the concentration of a solids mixture in water. The geometry used in a multi-spectrophotometer (MSM) enables the controlled observation of transmission, and forward scattering light from the suspension in the UV-visible spectral range. We have developed the new fibers mixing system which gives a homogenous distribution of the fines and fillers making it possible to increase the reproducibility and accuracy of the measurement. The data analysis is based on the Beer-Lambert law and CIELAB color space equations. The results show that the proposed method is accurate for measuring the fines and filler concentrations in multicomponent suspensions. 
  •  
45.
  • Olsson, Sara K, et al. (author)
  • Cerebrospinal fluid kynurenic acid is associated with manic and psychotic features in patients with bipolar I disorder.
  • 2012
  • In: Bipolar disorders. - : Wiley. - 1399-5618 .- 1398-5647. ; 14:7, s. 719-26
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Olsson SK, Sellgren C, Engberg G, Landén M, Erhardt S. Cerebrospinal fluid kynurenic acid is associated with manic and psychotic features in patients with bipolar I disorder. Bipolar Disord 2012: 14: 719-726. © 2012 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Objectives: Kynurenic acid (KYNA), an end metabolite of tryptophan degradation, antagonizes glutamatergic and cholinergic receptors in the brain. Recently, we reported elevated levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) KYNA in male patients with bipolar disorder. Here, we investigate the relationship between symptomatology and the concentration of CSF KYNA in patients with bipolar I disorder. Methods: CSF KYNA levels from euthymic male {n=21; mean age: 41years [standard deviation (SD)=14]} and female [n=34; mean age: 37years (SD=14)] patients diagnosed with bipolar I disorder were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: Euthymic bipolar I disorder patients with a lifetime occurrence of psychotic features had higher CSF levels of KYNA {2.0nm [standard error of the mean (SEM)=0.2]; n=43} compared to patients without any history of psychotic features [1.3nm (SEM=0.2); n=12] (p=0.01). Logistic regression, with age as covariate, similarly showed an association between a history of psychotic features and CSF KYNA levels [n=55; odds ratio (OR)=4.9, p=0.03]. Further, having had a recent manic episode (within the previous year) was also associated with CSF KYNA adjusted for age (n=34; OR=4.4, p=0.03), and the association remained significant when adjusting for a lifetime history of psychotic features (OR=4.1, p=0.05). Conclusions: Although the causality needs to be determined, the ability of KYNA to influence dopamine transmission and behavior, along with previous reports showing increased brain levels of the compound in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, may indicate a possible pathophysiological role of KYNA in the development of manic or psychotic symptoms.
  •  
46.
  • Olsson, Sara K., et al. (author)
  • Elevated levels of kynurenic acid in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with bipolar disorder
  • 2010
  • In: Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience. - : CMA Joule Inc.. - 1180-4882 .- 1488-2434. ; 35:3, s. 195-199
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background: Patients with schizophrenia show elevated brain levels of the neuroactive tryptophan metabolite kynurenic acid (KYNA) This astrocyte] derived mediator acts as a neuroprotectant and modulates sensory gating and cognitive functiona We measured the levels of KYNA in the cerebrospinal fluid T vSyU of patients with bipolar disorder and healthy volunteers to investigate the putative involvement of KYNA in bipolar disorder. Methods: We obtained CSF by lumbar puncture from 23 healthy men and 31 euthymic men with bipolar disorder. We analyzed the samples using high] performance liquid chromatography. Results: Patients with bipolar disorder had increased levels of KYNA in their CSF compared with healthy volunteers (1.71 nM, standard error of the mean [SEM] cad, va dad, nM, SEM cacln p = 0.002. The levels of KYNA were positively correlated with age among bipolar patients but not healthy volunteersa Limitations: The influence of ongoing drug treatment among patients cannot be ruled outa We conducted our study during the euthymic phase of the diseasea Conclusion: Brain KYNA levels are increased in euthymic men with bipolar disorder. In addition, KYNA levels increased with age in these patientsa These findings indicate shared mechanisms between bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Elevated levels of brain KYNA may provide further insight to the pathophysiology and progression of bipolar disorder.
  •  
47.
  • Orhan, Funda, et al. (author)
  • CSF dopamine is elevated in first-episode psychosis and associates to symptom severity and cognitive performance.
  • 2023
  • In: Schizophrenia Research. - 0920-9964 .- 1573-2509. ; 257, s. 34-40
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: The hypothesis of dopamine dysfunction in psychosis has evolved since the mid-twentieth century. However, clinical support from biochemical analysis of the transmitter in patients is still missing. The present study assessed dopamine and related metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of first-episode psychosis (FEP) subjects.METHODS: Forty first-episode psychosis subjects and twenty healthy age-matched volunteers were recruited via the Karolinska Schizophrenia Project, a multidisciplinary research consortium that investigates the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Psychopathology, disease severity, and cognitive performance were rated as well as cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of dopamine and related metabolites were measured using a sensitive high-pressure liquid chromatography assay.RESULTS: CSF dopamine was reliably detected in 50 % of healthy controls and in 65 % of first-episode psychosis subjects and significantly higher in first-episode psychosis subjects compared to age-matched healthy controls. No difference in CSF dopamine levels was observed between drug-naive subjects and subjects with short exposure to antipsychotics. The dopamine concentrations were positively associated with illness severity and deficits in executive functioning.CONCLUSIONS: Dopamine dysfunction has long been considered a cornerstone of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, although biochemical support for elevated brain dopamine levels has been lacking. The results of the present study, showing that FEP subjects have increased CSF dopamine levels that correlate to disease symptoms, should fill the knowledge gap in this regard.
  •  
48.
  • Pils, Marlene, et al. (author)
  • Disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) protein aggregates in cerebrospinal fluid are elevated in first-episode psychosis patients.
  • 2023
  • In: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. - 1323-1316 .- 1440-1819.
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • AIM: The Disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) protein is a key regulator at the intersection of major signaling pathways relevant for adaptive behavior. It is prone to posttranslational changes such as misassembly and aggregation but the significance of such transformations for human mental illness has remained unclear. We aimed to demonstrate the occurrence of DISC1 protein aggregates in patients with first episode psychosis (FEP).METHOD: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of patients with FEP (n = 50) and matched healthy controls (HC; n = 47) were measured by the highly sensitive surface-based fluorescence intensity distribution analysis (sFIDA) technology that enables single aggregate detection.RESULTS: Here we demonstrate that DISC1 protein aggregates are increased in CSF samples of FEP vs. HC. The concentration was in the low femtomolar range. No correlations were found to specific symptom levels, but the difference was particularly significant in the subset of patients receiving the diagnoses "schizophrenia, unspecified" (DSM IV 295.9) or schizoaffective disorder (DSM IV 295.70) at 18-month follow-up. DISC1 protein aggregate levels did not significantly change within the 18 months observation interval, and were in average higher for individuals carrying the major DISC1 rs821577 allele before correction.CONCLUSION: The occurrence of protein aggregates in vivo in patients with psychotic disorders has not been previously reported. It underscores the significance of posttranslational modifications of proteins both as pathogenetic mechanisms and as potential diagnostic markers in these disorders. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
  •  
49.
  • Poveda, Alaitz, et al. (author)
  • The heritable basis of gene–environment interactions in cardiometabolic traits
  • 2017
  • In: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 60:3, s. 442-452
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Aims/hypothesis: Little is known about the heritable basis of gene–environment interactions in humans. We therefore screened multiple cardiometabolic traits to assess the probability that they are influenced by genotype–environment interactions. Methods: Fourteen established environmental risk exposures and 11 cardiometabolic traits were analysed in the VIKING study, a cohort of 16,430 Swedish adults from 1682 extended pedigrees with available detailed genealogical, phenotypic and demographic information, using a maximum likelihood variance decomposition method in Sequential Oligogenic Linkage Analysis Routines software. Results: All cardiometabolic traits had statistically significant heritability estimates, with narrow-sense heritabilities (h2) ranging from 24% to 47%. Genotype–environment interactions were detected for age and sex (for the majority of traits), physical activity (for triacylglycerols, 2 h glucose and diastolic BP), smoking (for weight), alcohol intake (for weight, BMI and 2 h glucose) and diet pattern (for weight, BMI, glycaemic traits and systolic BP). Genotype–age interactions for weight and systolic BP, genotype–sex interactions for BMI and triacylglycerols and genotype–alcohol intake interactions for weight remained significant after multiple test correction. Conclusions/interpretation: Age, sex and alcohol intake are likely to be major modifiers of genetic effects for a range of cardiometabolic traits. This information may prove valuable for studies that seek to identify specific loci that modify the effects of lifestyle in cardiometabolic disease.
  •  
50.
  • Safara, Nima, et al. (author)
  • Study of the mean size and fraction of the second-phase particles in a 13% chromium steel at high temperature
  • 2020
  • In: Philosophical Magazine. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1478-6435 .- 1478-6443. ; 100:2, s. 217-233
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The mean size and fraction of the second-phase particles in a 13% chromium steel are investigated, while no plastic deformation was applied. The results of the measurement are compared with the modelling results from a physicallybased model. The heating sequence is performed on samples using a Gleeble thermo-mechanical simulator over the temperature range of 850–1200°C. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), the size distribution and composition of the carbides were evaluated, respectively. For obtaining particle size distribution (PSD), an image-processing software was employed to analyse the SEM images. Additionally, the relation between the 2D shape factor and size of the particles is also studied at different temperatures and most of the particles turned out to have a shape factor close to two. In order to measure the carbide weight fraction, electrochemical phase isolation was employed. The Ms and fraction of the martensite phase after quenching of samples are calculated and the results were comparable with the measured hardness values at corresponding temperatures. The measured hardness of the samples is found to comply very well with the measured mean size of the precipitates. The calculated mean size of the particles from the model shows very good agreement with both hardness value and experimentally measured mean size, while the calculated volume fraction from simulation follows a slightly different trend.
  •  
Skapa referenser, mejla, bekava och länka
  • Result 1-50 of 68
Type of publication
journal article (47)
doctoral thesis (7)
conference paper (4)
licentiate thesis (4)
book chapter (3)
reports (1)
show more...
other publication (1)
research review (1)
show less...
Type of content
peer-reviewed (48)
other academic/artistic (20)
Author/Editor
Engberg, Göran (50)
Erhardt, Sophie (18)
Cervenka, Simon (9)
Sellgren, Carl M (6)
Schwieler, Lilly (6)
Landén, Mikael, 1966 (5)
show more...
Piehl, Fredrik (5)
Wahnström, Göran, 19 ... (5)
Engberg, Dennis, 196 ... (5)
Engberg, Göran, Prof ... (5)
Fatouros-Bergman, He ... (5)
Samuelsson, Martin (5)
Sellgren, Carl (4)
Bhat, Maria (4)
Börjesson, Lars, 195 ... (4)
Vitos, Levente (4)
Orhan, Funda (4)
Nordin, Conny, 1944- (4)
Hedström, Peter (4)
Grehk, Mikael (4)
Björketun, Mårten, 1 ... (4)
Eriksson, Sten, 1958 (3)
Matic, Aleksandar, 1 ... (3)
Ahmed, Istaq, 1972 (3)
Karlsson, Maths, 197 ... (3)
Li, Wei (3)
Lindström, Leif (3)
Dahl, Marja-Liisa (3)
Schuppe-Koistinen, I ... (3)
Schalling, Martin (3)
Sundell, Per G., 197 ... (3)
Borgenstam, Annika (3)
Petrovic, Predrag (2)
Agartz, Ingrid (2)
Lundberg, Kristina (2)
Johansson, Ingegerd (2)
Chen, Yan (2)
Franks, Paul W. (2)
Hallmans, Göran (2)
Blennow, Kaj (2)
Renström, Frida (2)
Kurbasic, Azra (2)
Poveda, Alaitz (2)
Ågren, John (2)
Jönsson, Erik G. (2)
Linderholm, Klas R. (2)
Brändström, Anders (2)
Goiny, Michel (2)
Cunningham, Janet (2)
Bäcke, Linda (2)
show less...
University
Högskolan Dalarna (25)
Royal Institute of Technology (23)
Uppsala University (19)
Karolinska Institutet (19)
Linköping University (11)
University of Gothenburg (7)
show more...
Lund University (6)
Umeå University (5)
Chalmers University of Technology (5)
Karlstad University (3)
Luleå University of Technology (2)
Stockholm University (1)
Jönköping University (1)
Mid Sweden University (1)
show less...
Language
English (64)
Swedish (4)
Research subject (UKÄ/SCB)
Engineering and Technology (30)
Medical and Health Sciences (21)
Natural sciences (4)
Humanities (2)

Year

Kungliga biblioteket hanterar dina personuppgifter i enlighet med EU:s dataskyddsförordning (2018), GDPR. Läs mer om hur det funkar här.
Så här hanterar KB dina uppgifter vid användning av denna tjänst.

 
pil uppåt Close

Copy and save the link in order to return to this view