| 1. |
- Barton, David N., et al.
(författare)
-
Value Expression in Decision-Making
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Methodological Assessment Report on the Diverse Values and Valuation of Nature of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. - Bonn : The Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES). - 9783947851294 ; , s. 247-346
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter links diverse values of nature as communicated through different value articulation (“valuing” and valuation) processes to decision-making and its outcomes. It reviews the underlying causes of treating impacts on nature as external to, and ignored in, decisions by current political, economic and socio-cultural actors and institutions (i.e., conventions, norms and rules), and describes how on-the-ground drivers of nature’s decline can be transformed towards recovery, focusing on land and sea use. The modalities and practice of explicit valuation of nature (preceding chapter) in support of decisions, and the decision-making processes themselves, may need to further evolve to achieve global sustainability goals, the CBD 2050 vision of living in harmony with nature and the recent Kunming Declaration of the CBD.
|
|
| 2. |
- Hydén, Christer, et al.
(författare)
-
Möjligheten och lämpligheten av att anlägga vindskydd utefter vindutsatta cykelvägar
- 2012
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Cykelstråket mellan Malmö och Lund har varit försökssträcka när det gäller möjligheten och lämpligheten av att anlägga vindskydd utefter vindutsatta cykelvägar. Intervjuer visade att vinden var det dominerande problemet tillsammans med osäkerhet vid korsande av bilvägen. Ett problem för cyklisterna är att medvind inte kompenserar helt energiförlusten för motvinden i andra riktningen. Hastighetsmätningar indikerade att cyklisterna tycks föredra ett större motstånd i motvinden för att därigenom kunna hålla en konstant hastighet totalt sett i medvind, motvind. Olika principiella lösningar med vindskydd har redovisats. Eftersituationen är illustrerad med hjälp av ett bildcollage. I kommande projekt är avsikten att anlägga några försökssträckor och då i detalj studera hur cyklandet påverkas och vilka åsikter cyklisterna har av de nya skydden. ”Förräkningar” har redan påbörjats.
|
|
| 3. |
- Islar, Mine, et al.
(författare)
-
Diverse values of nature for sustainability
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 620, s. 813-823
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twenty-five years since foundational publications on valuing ecosystem services for human well-being1,2, addressing the global biodiversity crisis3 still implies confronting barriers to incorporating nature’s diverse values into decision-making. These barriers include powerful interests supported by current norms and legal rules such as property rights, which determine whose values and which values of nature are acted on. A better understanding of how and why nature is (under)valued is more urgent than ever4. Notwithstanding agreements to incorporate nature’s values into actions, including the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF)5 and the UN Sustainable Development Goals6, predominant environmental and development policies still prioritize a subset of values, particularly those linked to markets, and ignore other ways people relate to and benefit from nature7. Arguably, a ‘values crisis’ underpins the intertwined crises of biodiversity loss and climate change8, pandemic emergence9 and socio-environmental injustices10. On the basis of more than 50,000 scientific publications, policy documents and Indigenous and local knowledge sources, the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) assessed knowledge on nature’s diverse values and valuation methods to gain insights into their role in policymaking and fuller integration into decisions7,11. Applying this evidence, combinations of values-centred approaches are proposed to improve valuation and address barriers to uptake, ultimately leveraging transformative changes towards more just (that is, fair treatment of people and nature, including inter- and intragenerational equity) and sustainable futures.
|
|
| 4. |
- Liebscher, Ines, et al.
(författare)
-
New functions and signaling mechanisms for the class of adhesion G protein-coupled receptors
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0077-8923 .- 1749-6632. ; 1333, s. 43-64
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The class of adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs), with 33 human homologs, is the second largest family of GPCRs. In addition to a seven-transmembrane α-helix-a structural feature of all GPCRs-the class of aGPCRs is characterized by the presence of a large N-terminal extracellular region. In addition, all aGPCRs but one (GPR123) contain a GPCR autoproteolysis-inducing (GAIN) domain that mediates autoproteolytic cleavage at the GPCR autoproteolysis site motif to generate N- and a C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF, respectively) during protein maturation. Subsequently, the NTF and CTF are associated noncovalently as a heterodimer at the plasma membrane. While the biological function of the GAIN domain-mediated autocleavage is not fully understood, mounting evidence suggests that the NTF and CTF possess distinct biological activities in addition to their function as a receptor unit. We discuss recent advances in understanding the biological functions, signaling mechanisms, and disease associations of the aGPCRs.
|
|
| 5. |
- Mueller, Stefanie H., et al.
(författare)
-
Aggregation tests identify new gene associations with breast cancer in populations with diverse ancestry
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Genome Medicine. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1756-994X. ; 15
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Low-frequency variants play an important role in breast cancer (BC) susceptibility. Gene-based methods can increase power by combining multiple variants in the same gene and help identify target genes.Methods: We evaluated the potential of gene-based aggregation in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium cohorts including 83,471 cases and 59,199 controls. Low-frequency variants were aggregated for individual genes' coding and regulatory regions. Association results in European ancestry samples were compared to single-marker association results in the same cohort. Gene-based associations were also combined in meta-analysis across individuals with European, Asian, African, and Latin American and Hispanic ancestry.Results: In European ancestry samples, 14 genes were significantly associated (q < 0.05) with BC. Of those, two genes, FMNL3 (P = 6.11 x 10(-6)) and AC058822.1 (P = 1.47 x 10(-4)), represent new associations. High FMNL3 expression has previously been linked to poor prognosis in several other cancers. Meta-analysis of samples with diverse ancestry discovered further associations including established candidate genes ESR1 and CBLB. Furthermore, literature review and database query found further support for a biologically plausible link with cancer for genes CBLB, FMNL3, FGFR2, LSP1, MAP3K1, and SRGAP2C.Conclusions: Using extended gene-based aggregation tests including coding and regulatory variation, we report identification of plausible target genes for previously identified single-marker associations with BC as well as the discovery of novel genes implicated in BC development. Including multi ancestral cohorts in this study enabled the identification of otherwise missed disease associations as ESR1 (P = 1.31 x 10(-5)), demonstrating the importance of diversifying study cohorts.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Svensson, Åse, et al.
(författare)
-
Råd och riktlinjer för cykelinfrastruktur – en litteraturstudie med avseende på korsningspunkter mellan cyklande och motorfordonstrafik
- 2011
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport är resultatet av en litteraturstudie kring råd och riktlinjer för utformning av cykel-infrastruktur med avseende på korsningspunkter med motorfordonstrafik. Referenser har hämtats från handböcker i främst Sverige, Danmark, Nederländerna, Storbritannien och Tyskland samt från relevant forskning där sådan funnits tillgänglig. Studien visar att fokus i dessa råd och riktlinjer ligger på att åstadkomma trafiksäkra utformningar för cykeltrafiken. Om detta verkligen är vad som också erhålls kan denna studie tyvärr inte svara på då referering i de flesta handböcker är bristfällig. I dessa handböcker saknas ofta, med några undantag, cykelflödets betydelse för ut-formningen, råd och riktlinjer för att öka cyklandes framkomlighet samt betydelsen av olika grupper av cyklande för utformningen.
|
|
| 8. |
- Zabel, Astrid, et al.
(författare)
-
Performance payments for groups : the case of carnivore conservation in Northern Sweden
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Environmental and Resource Economics. - : Springer. - 0924-6460 .- 1573-1502. ; 59:4, s. 613-631
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a first empirical assessment of carnivore conservation under a performance payment scheme. In Sweden, reindeer herder villages are paid based on the number of lynx (lynx lynx) and wolverine (gulo gulo) offspring certified on their pastures. The villages decide on the internal payment distribution. It is generally assumed that benefit distribution rules are exogenous. We investigate them as an endogenous decision. The data reveals that villages’ group size has a direct negative effect on conservation outcomes and an indirect positive effect which impacts conservation outcomes through the benefit distribution rule. This result revises the collective action hypothesis on purely negative effects of group size.
|
|
| 9. |
-
- 2019
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
