| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Cossarizza, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (second edition)
- 2019
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0014-2980 .- 1521-4141. ; 49:10, s. 1457-1973
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- These guidelines are a consensus work of a considerable number of members of the immunology and flow cytometry community. They provide the theory and key practical aspects of flow cytometry enabling immunologists to avoid the common errors that often undermine immunological data. Notably, there are comprehensive sections of all major immune cell types with helpful Tables detailing phenotypes in murine and human cells. The latest flow cytometry techniques and applications are also described, featuring examples of the data that can be generated and, importantly, how the data can be analysed. Furthermore, there are sections detailing tips, tricks and pitfalls to avoid, all written and peer-reviewed by leading experts in the field, making this an essential research companion.
|
|
| 3. |
- Meyer, H.F., et al.
(författare)
-
Overview of physics studies on ASDEX Upgrade
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 59:11
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) programme, jointly run with the EUROfusion MST1 task force, continues to significantly enhance the physics base of ITER and DEMO. Here, the full tungsten wall is a key asset for extrapolating to future devices. The high overall heating power, flexible heating mix and comprehensive diagnostic set allows studies ranging from mimicking the scrape-off-layer and divertor conditions of ITER and DEMO at high density to fully non-inductive operation (q 95 = 5.5, ) at low density. Higher installed electron cyclotron resonance heating power 6 MW, new diagnostics and improved analysis techniques have further enhanced the capabilities of AUG. Stable high-density H-modes with MW m-1 with fully detached strike-points have been demonstrated. The ballooning instability close to the separatrix has been identified as a potential cause leading to the H-mode density limit and is also found to play an important role for the access to small edge-localized modes (ELMs). Density limit disruptions have been successfully avoided using a path-oriented approach to disruption handling and progress has been made in understanding the dissipation and avoidance of runaway electron beams. ELM suppression with resonant magnetic perturbations is now routinely achieved reaching transiently . This gives new insight into the field penetration physics, in particular with respect to plasma flows. Modelling agrees well with plasma response measurements and a helically localised ballooning structure observed prior to the ELM is evidence for the changed edge stability due to the magnetic perturbations. The impact of 3D perturbations on heat load patterns and fast-ion losses have been further elaborated. Progress has also been made in understanding the ELM cycle itself. Here, new fast measurements of and E r allow for inter ELM transport analysis confirming that E r is dominated by the diamagnetic term even for fast timescales. New analysis techniques allow detailed comparison of the ELM crash and are in good agreement with nonlinear MHD modelling. The observation of accelerated ions during the ELM crash can be seen as evidence for the reconnection during the ELM. As type-I ELMs (even mitigated) are likely not a viable operational regime in DEMO studies of 'natural' no ELM regimes have been extended. Stable I-modes up to have been characterised using -feedback. Core physics has been advanced by more detailed characterisation of the turbulence with new measurements such as the eddy tilt angle - measured for the first time - or the cross-phase angle of and fluctuations. These new data put strong constraints on gyro-kinetic turbulence modelling. In addition, carefully executed studies in different main species (H, D and He) and with different heating mixes highlight the importance of the collisional energy exchange for interpreting energy confinement. A new regime with a hollow profile now gives access to regimes mimicking aspects of burning plasma conditions and lead to nonlinear interactions of energetic particle modes despite the sub-Alfvénic beam energy. This will help to validate the fast-ion codes for predicting ITER and DEMO.
|
|
| 4. |
- Stroth, U., et al.
(författare)
-
Progress from ASDEX Upgrade experiments in preparing the physics basis of ITER operation and DEMO scenario development
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 62:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An overview of recent results obtained at the tokamak ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) is given. A work flow for predictive profile modelling of AUG discharges was established which is able to reproduce experimental H-mode plasma profiles based on engineering parameters only. In the plasma center, theoretical predictions on plasma current redistribution by a dynamo effect were confirmed experimentally. For core transport, the stabilizing effect of fast ion distributions on turbulent transport is shown to be important to explain the core isotope effect and improves the description of hollow low-Z impurity profiles. The L-H power threshold of hydrogen plasmas is not affected by small helium admixtures and it increases continuously from the deuterium to the hydrogen level when the hydrogen concentration is raised from 0 to 100%. One focus of recent campaigns was the search for a fusion relevant integrated plasma scenario without large edge localised modes (ELMs). Results from six different ELM-free confinement regimes are compared with respect to reactor relevance: ELM suppression by magnetic perturbation coils could be attributed to toroidally asymmetric turbulent fluctuations in the vicinity of the separatrix. Stable improved confinement mode plasma phases with a detached inner divertor were obtained using a feedback control of the plasma β. The enhanced D α H-mode regime was extended to higher heating power by feedback controlled radiative cooling with argon. The quasi-coherent exhaust regime was developed into an integrated scenario at high heating power and energy confinement, with a detached divertor and without large ELMs. Small ELMs close to the separatrix lead to peeling-ballooning stability and quasi continuous power exhaust. Helium beam density fluctuation measurements confirm that transport close to the separatrix is important to achieve the different ELM-free regimes. Based on separatrix plasma parameters and interchange-drift-Alfvén turbulence, an analytic model was derived that reproduces the experimentally found important operational boundaries of the density limit and between L- and H-mode confinement. Feedback control for the X-point radiator (XPR) position was established as an important element for divertor detachment control. Stable and detached ELM-free phases with H-mode confinement quality were obtained when the XPR was moved 10 cm above the X-point. Investigations of the plasma in the future flexible snow-flake divertor of AUG by means of first SOLPS-ITER simulations with drifts activated predict beneficial detachment properties and the activation of an additional strike point by the drifts.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Rajewsky, N., et al.
(författare)
-
LifeTime and improving European healthcare through cell-based interceptive medicine
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 587:7834, s. 377-386
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- LifeTime aims to track, understand and target human cells during the onset and progression of complex diseases and their response to therapy at single-cell resolution. This mission will be implemented through the development and integration of single-cell multi-omics and imaging, artificial intelligence and patient-derived experimental disease models during progression from health to disease. Analysis of such large molecular and clinical datasets will discover molecular mechanisms, create predictive computational models of disease progression, and reveal new drug targets and therapies. Timely detection and interception of disease embedded in an ethical and patient-centered vision will be achieved through interactions across academia, hospitals, patient-associations, health data management systems and industry. Applying this strategy to key medical challenges in cancer, neurological, infectious, chronic inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases at the single-cell level will usher in cell-based interceptive medicine in Europe over the next decade.
|
|
| 8. |
- Pantazis, N, et al.
(författare)
-
Determining the likely place of HIV acquisition for migrants in Europe combining subject-specific information and biomarkers data
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Statistical methods in medical research. - : SAGE Publications. - 1477-0334 .- 0962-2802. ; 28:7, s. 1979-1997
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In most HIV-positive individuals, infection time is only known to lie between the time an individual started being at risk for HIV and diagnosis time. However, a more accurate estimate of infection time is very important in certain cases. For example, one of the objectives of the Advancing Migrant Access to Health Services in Europe (aMASE) study was to determine if HIV-positive migrants, diagnosed in Europe, were infected pre- or post-migration. We propose a method to derive subject-specific estimates of unknown infection times using information from HIV biomarkers’ measurements, demographic, clinical, and behavioral data. We assume that CD4 cell count (CD4) and HIV-RNA viral load trends after HIV infection follow a bivariate linear mixed model. Using post-diagnosis CD4 and viral load measurements and applying the Bayes’ rule, we derived the posterior distribution of the HIV infection time, whereas the prior distribution was informed by AIDS status at diagnosis and behavioral data. Parameters of the CD4–viral load and time-to-AIDS models were estimated using data from a large study of individuals with known HIV infection times (CASCADE). Simulations showed substantial predictive ability (e.g. 84% of the infections were correctly classified as pre- or post-migration). Application to the aMASE study ( n = 2009) showed that 47% of African migrants and 67% to 72% of migrants from other regions were most likely infected post-migration. Applying a Bayesian method based on bivariate modeling of CD4 and viral load, and subject-specific information, we found that the majority of HIV-positive migrants in aMASE were most likely infected after their migration to Europe.
|
|
| 9. |
- Choularton, T. W., et al.
(författare)
-
The Great Dun Fell Cloud Experiment 1993 : An overview
- 1997
-
Ingår i: Atmospheric Environment. - 1352-2310. ; 31:16, s. 2393-2405
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 1993 Ground-based Cloud Experiment on Great Dun Fell used a wide range of measurements of trace gases, aerosol particles and cloud droplets at five sites to study their sources and sinks especially those in cloud. These measurements have been interpreted using a variety of models. The conclusions add to our knowledge of air pollution, acidification of the atmosphere and the ground, eutrophication and climate change. The experiment is designed to use the hill cap cloud as a flow-through reactor, and was conducted in varying levels of pollution typical of much of the rural temperate continental northern hemisphere in spring-time.
|
|
| 10. |
- De Larrea, CF, et al.
(författare)
-
Primary plasma cell leukemia: consensus definition by the International Myeloma Working Group according to peripheral blood plasma cell percentage
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Blood cancer journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2044-5385. ; 11:12, s. 192-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Primary plasma cell leukemia (PCL) has a consistently ominous prognosis, even after progress in the last decades. PCL deserves a prompt identification to start the most effective treatment for this ultra-high-risk disease. The aim of this position paper is to revisit the diagnosis of PCL according to the presence of circulating plasma cells in patients otherwise meeting diagnostic criteria of multiple myeloma. We could identify two retrospective series where the question about what number of circulating plasma cells in peripheral blood should be used for defining PCL. The presence of ≥5% circulating plasma cells in patients with MM had a similar adverse prognostic impact as the previously defined PCL. Therefore, PCL should be defined by the presence of 5% or more circulating plasma cells in peripheral blood smears in patients otherwise diagnosed with symptomatic multiple myeloma.
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
- Gieray, R., et al.
(författare)
-
Phase partitioning of aerosol constituents in cloud based on single-particle and bulk analysis
- 1997
-
Ingår i: Atmospheric Environment. - 1352-2310. ; 31:16, s. 2491-2502
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Single-particle analysis, performed by laser microprobe mass spectrometry and bulk analytical techniques were used to study aerosol-cloud interactions within the third field campaign of the EUROTRAC subproject 'ground-based cloud experiments' at the Great Dun Fell, Cumbria, U.K. in spring 1993. The shape of the ridge made it possible for ground-based instrumentation to sample similar parcels of air before, during and after their transit through the cloud. A single jet five-stage minicascade impactor was used for sampling particles of the interstitial aerosol. A second impactor worked in tandem with a counter-flow virtual impactor and collected residues of cloud droplets. Considering marine conditions largest droplets nucleated on sea-salt particles, whereas smaller droplets were formed on sulphate and methane sulphonate containing particles. This clearly indicates chemical inhomogeneities in the droplet phase. Particles, which were disfavoured by droplet formation, often contained the highest amounts of water-insoluble carbonaceous matter. For the submicron size range we found that the carbonaceous matter was always internally mixed with sulphate. The fraction of carbonaceous matter increased with decreasing size. A detectable fraction of particles remained in the cloud interstitial air, although they were in size as well as in composition suitable to form cloud droplets. The findings confirm that nucleation is the most important process affecting phase partitioning in cloud, but that spatial and temporal variations of water vapour supersaturation have also an influence on the observed phase partitioning. Proton induced X-ray emission analysis and light absorption measurements of filter samples showed that the average scavenged fraction was 0.77 for sulphur and 0.57 for soot in clouds formed by continental influenced air and 0.62 and 0.44, respectively, for marine influenced clouds.
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
- Al-Khatib, A, et al.
(författare)
-
Transition to non-collective states at high spin in Xe-124
- 2008
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001. ; 36:1, s. 21-29
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Excited states in Xe-124 were populated in the reaction Se-82(Ca-48, 6n) Xe-124 and gamma-ray coincidence relationships were measured with the Gammasphere spectrometer. Two new bands are observed and several of the previously known bands are extended in the high-as well as in the low-spin region. Two irregular high-spin structures are also added. The irregularities are a fingerprint of a transition from collective to non-collective behaviour. Configuration assignments to the new structures are proposed on the basis of systematics and by comparing experimental properties with calculations within the framework of the cranking model.
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
- Li, D. Y., et al.
(författare)
-
H19 Induces Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Development and Progression
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Circulation. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 138:15, s. 1551-1568
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Long noncoding RNAs have emerged as critical molecular regulators in various biological processes and diseases. Here we sought to identify and functionally characterize long noncoding RNAs as potential mediators in abdominal aortic aneurysm development. Methods: We profiled RNA transcript expression in 2 murine abdominal aortic aneurysm models, Angiotensin II (ANGII) infusion in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice (n=8) and porcine pancreatic elastase instillation in C57BL/6 wild-type mice (n=12). The long noncoding RNA H19 was identified as 1 of the most highly upregulated transcripts in both mouse aneurysm models compared with sham-operated controls. This was confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization. Results: Experimental knock-down of H19, utilizing site-specific antisense oligonucleotides (LNA-GapmeRs) in vivo, significantly limited aneurysm growth in both models. Upregulated H19 correlated with smooth muscle cell (SMC) content and SMC apoptosis in progressing aneurysms. Importantly, a similar pattern could be observed in human abdominal aortic aneurysm tissue samples, and in a novel preclinical LDLR-/- (low-density lipoprotein receptor) Yucatan mini-pig aneurysm model. In vitro knock-down of H19 markedly decreased apoptotic rates of cultured human aortic SMCs, whereas overexpression of H19 had the opposite effect. Notably, H19-dependent apoptosis mechanisms in SMCs appeared to be independent of miR-675, which is embedded in the first exon of the H19 gene. A customized transcription factor array identified hypoxia-inducible factor 1 as the main downstream effector. Increased SMC apoptosis was associated with cytoplasmic interaction between H19 and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 and sequential p53 stabilization. Additionally, H19 induced transcription of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 via recruiting the transcription factor specificity protein 1 to the promoter region. Conclusions: The long noncoding RNA H19 is a novel regulator of SMC survival in abdominal aortic aneurysm development and progression. Inhibition of H19 expression might serve as a novel molecular therapeutic target for aortic aneurysm disease.
|
|
| 20. |
- Nag, Somnath, et al.
(författare)
-
Collective and noncollective excitations in Te-122
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 88:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-spin states in Te-122 were populated in the reaction Se-82(Ca-48, alpha 4n) Te-122 at a beam energy of 200 MeV and gamma-ray coincidences weremeasured with the Gammasphere spectrometer. The previously known level scheme was extended to considerably higher spin. Maximally aligned states and several high-energy transitions feeding into some of these levels were observed. In addition, seven collective high-spin bands were discovered for the first time in this nucleus. The experimental results are compared with cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky model calculations and possible configuration assignments to the new high-spin structures are discussed.
|
|
| 21. |
- Singh, Purnima, et al.
(författare)
-
Highly deformed high-spin band in I-125
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 84:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-spin states in I-125 have been investigated using the reaction Se-82(Ca-48, p4n) at a beam energy of 200 MeV and gamma-ray coincidence events were detected using the Gammasphere spectrometer. A deformed rotational band, extending up to I-pi = 95/2(-), was observed for the first time in a heavier odd-A iodine nucleus. The characteristics of the band are very similar to those of the highly deformed bands observed recently in neighboring nuclei and it is essentially identical to one of the previously known bands in Xe-126. The experimental results are compared to cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations and possible configurations for the band are discussed.
|
|
| 22. |
- Singh, Purnima, et al.
(författare)
-
Noncollective aligned and antialigned states in I-125
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 82:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-spin states in I-125 were populated using the reaction Se-82(Ca-48, p4n) at a beam energy of 200 MeV and gamma-ray coincidence events were acquired with the Gammasphere spectrometer. The level scheme of I-125 was extended considerably. In particular, maximally aligned states involving all eleven particles outside the Sn-114 core were observed. Comparison with cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations suggests that three of these states are the final I-max states in terminating bands with all spin vectors aligned along a common axis. In two of these, one spin vector is antialigned and points in the opposite direction. In one of the states two spin vectors are antialigned. This is the first observation of a state with such a structure.
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
| 26. |
|
|
| 27. |
|
|
| 28. |
|
|
| 29. |
|
|
| 30. |
|
|
| 31. |
- Scherer, RP, et al.
(författare)
-
Pleistocene collapse of the West Antarctic ice sheet
- 1998
-
Ingår i: SCIENCE. - : AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE. - 0036-8075. ; 281:5373, s. 82-85
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Some glacial sediment samples recovered from beneath the West Antarctic ice sheet at ice stream B contain Quaternary diatoms and up to 10(8) atoms of beryllium-10 per gram. Other samples contain no Quaternary diatoms and only background levels of berylliu
|
|
| 32. |
- Schmitt-Egenolf, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparative association analysis reveals that corneodesmosin is more closely associated with psoriasis than HLA-Cw*0602-B*5701 in German families
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Tissue Antigens. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0001-2815 .- 1399-0039. ; 57:5, s. 440-446
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- HLA antigens are associated with psoriasis vulgaris across populations with different ethnic background. We have previously shown that in Caucasians this association is primarily based on the class I alleles of the extended HLA haplotype 57.1 (EH57.1/I), HLA-Cw6-HLA-B57. However, it remained unclear whether HLA-Cw6 itself or a closely linked locus predisposes to the disease. An interesting candidate for this presumed locus is corneodesmosin, which is exclusively synthesized in keratinocytes. The corneodesmosin gene locus (CDSN) is only 160 kb telomeric to HLA-C and tightly associated with psoriasis. In order to find out whether EH57.1/I or a corneodesmosin variant are the susceptibility determinants on 6p, HLA class I alleles and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of corneodesmosin were investigated at the sequence level and analyzed by comparative association tests. Transmission disequilibrium tests (TDT) were performed in 52 nuclear families, of which 36 were fully informative for a joint comparison of HLA and CDSN with regard to association to psoriasis. The extended TDT according to Wilson was employed to test for locus interaction. Using the HLA haplotype EH57.1/I and the CDSN haplotype formed by three intragenic variant sites at nt=619 (T), 1236 (T), and 1243 (C), we obtained the best resolution of parental transmission to index cases in the trio families. On direct comparison of the contributions of the HLA and the CDSN haplotypes, there was a markedly stronger association of the corneodesmosin TTC haplotype, which is not apparent in single locus analysis. We show furthermore that there is no higher order interaction between psoriasis, HLA, and CDSN. This lack of three-locus interaction is suggestive of two independent genetic contributions to psoriasis within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC).
|
|
| 33. |
|
|
| 34. |
|
|
| 35. |
|
|
| 36. |
- Weston, David J., et al.
(författare)
-
The Sphagnome Project : enabling ecological and evolutionary insights through a genus-level sequencing project
- 2018
-
Ingår i: New Phytologist. - : Wiley. - 0028-646X .- 1469-8137. ; 217:1, s. 16-25
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Considerable progress has been made in ecological and evolutionary genetics with studies demonstrating how genes underlying plant and microbial traits can influence adaptation and even 'extend' to influence community structure and ecosystem level processes. Progress in this area is limited to model systems with deep genetic and genomic resources that often have negligible ecological impact or interest. Thus, important linkages between genetic adaptations and their consequences at organismal and ecological scales are often lacking. Here we introduce the Sphagnome Project, which incorporates genomics into a long-running history of Sphagnum research that has documented unparalleled contributions to peatland ecology, carbon sequestration, biogeochemistry, microbiome research, niche construction, and ecosystem engineering. The Sphagnome Project encompasses a genus-level sequencing effort that represents a new type of model system driven not only by genetic tractability, but by ecologically relevant questions and hypotheses.
|
|
