| 1. |
- Akerstrom, Finn, et al.
(författare)
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Association between catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation and mortality or stroke
- 2024
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Ingår i: Heart. - : BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP. - 1355-6037 .- 1468-201X. ; 110, s. 163-169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation effectively reduces symptomatic burden. However, its long-term effect on mortality and stroke is unclear. We investigated if patients with atrial fibrillation who undergo catheter ablation have lower risk for all-cause mortality or stroke than patients who are managed medically. Methods We retrospectively included 5628 consecutive patients who underwent first-time catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation between 2008 and 2018 at three major Swedish electrophysiology units. Control individuals with an atrial fibrillation diagnosis but without previous stroke were selected from the Swedish National Patient Register, resulting in a control group of 48 676 patients. Propensity score matching was performed to produce two cohorts of equal size (n=3955) with similar baseline characteristics. The primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause mortality or stroke. Results Patients who underwent catheter ablation were healthier (mean CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score 1.4 +/- 1.4 vs 1.6 +/- 1.5, p<0.001), had a higher median income (288 vs 212 1000 Swedish krona [KSEK]/year, p<0.001) and had more frequently received university education (45.1% vs 28.9%, p<0.001). Mean follow-up was 4.5 +/- 2.8 years. After propensity score matching, catheter ablation was associated with lower risk for the combined primary endpoint (HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.69). The result was mainly driven by a decrease in all-cause mortality (HR 0.51, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.63), with stroke reduction showing a trend in favour of catheter ablation (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.53 to 1.07). Conclusions Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation was associated with a reduction in the primary endpoint of all-cause mortality or stroke. This result was driven by a marked reduction in all-cause mortality.
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| 2. |
- Brabec, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Histogram analysis of tensor-valued diffusion MRI in meningiomas : Relation to consistency, histological grade and type
- 2022
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Ingår i: NeuroImage: Clinical. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-1582. ; 33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Preoperative radiological assessment of meningioma characteristics is of value for pre- and post-operative patient management, counselling, and surgical approach.PURPOSE: To investigate whether tensor-valued diffusion MRI can add to the preoperative prediction of meningioma consistency, grade and type.MATERIALS AND METHODS: 30 patients with intracranial meningiomas (22 WHO grade I, 8 WHO grade II) underwent MRI prior to surgery. Diffusion MRI was performed with linear and spherical b-tensors with b-values up to 2000 s/mm2. The data were used to estimate mean diffusivity (MD), fractional anisotropy (FA), mean kurtosis (MK) and its components-the anisotropic and isotropic kurtoses (MKA and MKI). Meningioma consistency was estimated for 16 patients during resection based on ultrasonic aspiration intensity, ease of resection with instrumentation or suction. Grade and type were determined by histopathological analysis. The relation between consistency, grade and type and dMRI parameters was analyzed inside the tumor ("whole-tumor") and within brain tissue in the immediate periphery outside the tumor ("rim") by histogram analysis.RESULTS: Lower 10th percentiles of MK and MKA in the whole-tumor were associated with firm consistency compared with pooled soft and variable consistency (n = 7 vs 9; U test, p = 0.02 for MKA 10 and p = 0.04 for MK10) and lower 10th percentile of MD with variable against soft and firm (n = 5 vs 11; U test, p = 0.02). Higher standard deviation of MKI in the rim was associated with lower grade (n = 22 vs 8; U test, p = 0.04) and in the MKI maps we observed elevated rim-like structure that could be associated with grade. Higher median MKA and lower median MKI distinguished psammomatous type from other pooled meningioma types (n = 5 vs 25; U test; p = 0.03 for MKA 50 and p = 0.03 and p = 0.04 for MKI 50).CONCLUSION: Parameters from tensor-valued dMRI can facilitate prediction of consistency, grade and type.
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| 3. |
- Bryne, Lars-Elof, et al.
(författare)
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Ageing of modified wood : Part 2: Determination of surface composition of acetylated, furfurylated, and thermally modified wood by XPS and ToF-SIMS
- 2010
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Ingår i: Holzforschung. - 0018-3830 .- 1437-434X. ; 64:3, s. 305-313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main objective of this work was to study the chemical composition of surfaces and ageing effects on acetylated pine (Pinus sylvestris), heat treated spruce (Picea abies), and furfurylated radiata pine (Pinus radiata) in comparison to unmodified wood. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) were the instruments of choice. Observation with a low-vacuum scanning electron microscope (LV-SEM) complemented the study. The spectroscopic information was also linked to a parallel wettability study on matched wood samples by the Wilhelmy method. The results show that XPS and ToF-SIMS are two powerful tools that in combination give complementary information, both quantitative and qualitative, and are well suited for observation of the ageing process of different wood surfaces. The hydrophobization process as a result of migration of extractives during ageing was well quantified by the XPS measurements and the results correlated well with wetting results. Several specific hydrophobic substances could be identified by ToF-SIMS measurements.
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| 4. |
- Bryne, Lars Elof, et al.
(författare)
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UV-laser irradiated wood : Some aspects on micromorphology, wettability, surface composition and liquid permeability
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 4th meeting of the Nordic-Baltic network in wood material science and engineering (WSE). ; , s. 75-82
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many wood products used as building or construction materials involve a combination of the wood material with polymers, such as adhesives, coatings, preservatives and binders in composites. Combinations of wood and polymers in outdoor exposure, however, in general have poor long-term durability. A major cause of the unsatisfactory durability can be related to the high hygroscopicity of wood and the great difference in hygro-thermal properties between the components, resulting in wood-polymer de-bonding. In addition, mechanical processing (e.g. sawing, sanding and planning) of wood in general forms a weak boundary layer of loose and crushed wood cells in the surface which also may interfere with the wood-polymer bonding. The main objective of this work was to study ultra violet (EV), or excimer, laser irradiation on wood as a means to remove, by ablation, the outer deformed layer from a wood substrate. Effects of the UV-laser treatment on wetting and liquid permeability characteristics were studied by Wilhelmy plate experiments, and effects on the wood surface chemistry were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). The micromorphology of wood was studied by low vacuum-scanning electron microscopy (LV-SEM). The pre-treatment of wood substrates by UV-laser ablation resulted in a notable changes in surface micromorphology, liquid permeability, wettability and surface chemistry characteristics.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Börjesson, Stefan, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of plasmid-mediated AmpC-producing E. coli from Swedish broilers and association with human clinical isolates
- 2013
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Ingår i: Clinical Microbiology and Infection. - : European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID). - 1198-743X .- 1469-0691. ; 19:7, s. E309-E311
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A selection of plasmid-mediated AmpC-producing Escherichia coli isolates carrying blaCMY-2 from Swedish broilers were characterized to establish their relatedness to and a possible overlap with human clinical E. coli isolates. The results showed diversity among the E. coli isolated from broilers, indicating that the spread in the population was not due to one strain. However, only one type of plasmid belonging to replicon type incK was identified. Furthermore, there were no indications of spread of blaCMY-2 E. coli isolates from broilers to human clinical settings, although Swedish broilers may be a source of blaCMY-2 and/or the plasmid carrying blaCMY-2 .
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Egervärn, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Escherichia coli with extended-spectrum beta-lactamases or transferable AmpC beta-lactamases and Salmonella on meat imported into Sweden
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Food Microbiology. - : Elsevier. - 0168-1605 .- 1879-3460. ; 171, s. 8-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The presence of Enterobacteriaceae producing extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) or transferable AmpC beta-lactamases (pAmpC) is increasingly being reported in humans and animals world-wide. Their occurrence in food-producing animals suggests that meat is a possible link between the two populations. This study investigated the occurrence and characteristics of Salmonella and ESBL- or pAmpC-producing E. coli in 430 samples of beef, pork and broiler meat imported into Sweden, in order to provide data required for assessing the potential public health risk of these bacteria in food. Depending on region of origin, ESBL/pAmpC-producing E. coli were found in 0-8% of beef samples, 2-13% of pork samples and 15-95% of broiler meat samples. The highest prevalence was in South American broiler meat (95%), followed by broiler meat from Europe (excluding Denmark) (61%) and from Denmark (15%). Isolates from meat outside Scandinavia were generally defined as multiresistant. A majority of the ESBL/pAmpC genes were transferable by conjugation. Bla(CTX-M-2) and bla(CTX-M-8) were the dominant genes in E. coli from South American broiler meat, whereas bla(CMY-2) and bla(CTX-M-1) dominated in European meat. The majority of bla(CMY-2) and bla(CTX-M-1) were situated on plasmids of replicon type incK and incI1, respectively. The same combinations of ESBL/pAmpC genes and plasmids have been described previously in clinical human isolates. Salmonella was found in five samples tested, from European pork and broiler meat. No Salmonella isolate was resistant to third-generation cephalosporins. In conclusion, meat imported into Sweden, broiler meat in particular, is a potential source of human exposure to ESBL- and pAmpC-producing E. coli.
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| 9. |
- Egervärn, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Unexpected common occurrence of transferable extended spectrum cephalosporinase-producing Escherichia coli in Swedish surface waters used for drinking water supply
- 2017
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 587-588, s. 466-472
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The presence of Enterobacteriaceae producing extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) or transferable AmpC beta-lactamases (pAmpC) is increasingly being reported in humans, food-producing animals and food world-wide. However, the occurrence and impact of these so-called extended spectrum cephalosporinase (ESC)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in aquatic environments are poorly documented. This study investigated the occurrence, concentrations and characteristics of ESC-producing E. coli (ESC-Ec) in samples of surface water collected at five Swedish water treatment plants that normally have relatively high prevalence and concentration of E. coli in surface water. ESC-Ec was found in 27 of 98 surface water samples analysed. All but two positive samples were collected at two of the water treatment plants studied. The ESC-Ec concentration, 1-3cfu/100mL, represented approximately 4% of the total amount of E. coli in the respective surface water sample. In total, 74% of the isolates were multi-resistant, but no isolate was resistant to carbapenems. Six types of ESBL/pAmpC genes were found in the 27 E. coli isolates obtained from the positive samples, of which four (blaCTX-M-15, blaCMY-2, blaCTX-M-1 and blaCTX-M-14) were found during the whole sampling period, in samples taken at more than one water treatment plant. In addition, the genes were situated on various types of plasmids and most E. coli isolates were not closely related with regard to MLST types. The combinations of ESBL/pAmpC genes, plasmids and E. coli isolates were generally similar to those found previously in healthy and sick individuals in Sweden. In conclusion, the occurrence of ESC-Ec in Swedish surface water shows that resistant bacteria of clinical concern are present in aquatic environments even in a low-prevalence country such as Sweden.
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| 10. |
- Englund, Finn
(författare)
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Alternativ för djupverkande vattenavvisning hos trä
- 2003
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vattenavvisning har utvärderats av några behandlingar som hittills varit oprövade på trä. Dels har några triglycerider med animaliskt ursprung använts, del några av de reaktiva kemikalier som tillsätts för hydrofobering vid papperstillverkning. Genom ett nytt samarbete med högskolan har det varit möjligt att pröva impregnering med superkritisk koldioxid som bärare. Metoden är mycket intressant och lovande och är på god väg mot fullskalig kommersialisering. Goda effekter, d v s låg vattenupptagning vid 72 timmars nedsänkning i vatten, har uppnåtts framför allt med ASA, som dock uppvisar obefintligt motstånd mot spridning av droppar på ytan. I det avseendet är en av de provade AKD-produkterna överlägsen, jämsides med linjoljebehandling. Det är uppenbart att det krävs ytterligare optimering av behandlingarn för att utnyttja deras potential och en förlängd utvärdering för att få information om långtidseffekterna.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Englund, Finn
(författare)
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Emissioner av flyktiga ämnen från trä och träprodukter - en översikt av internationell forskning
- 1994
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Avgivningen av flyktiga organiska ämnen (VOC - Volatile Organic Compounds) från byggnadsmaterial, t ex formaldehyd från skivor, lösningsmedel från ytbehandling eller terpener från trä, har studerats med tanke på luftkvalitet och miljön inomhus. Här redovisas en genomgång av de senaste internationella forskningsresultaten med betoning på trä och träprodukter. Metoder att mäta och svårigheterna med mätningarna redovisas. Här diskuteras det oklara sambandet mellan hälsorisker och mängden avgivna ämnen och därmed om gränsvärden är meningsfulla. Arbetet ingår i området "Trä och Miljö".
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| 25. |
- Englund, Finn
(författare)
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Emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from wood
- 1999
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I rapporten presenteras resultat från emissionsprovningar av sammanlagt 41 prover av furu, gran, bok, ek och björk, där provning har skett efter olika lång tids konditionering. Stora individuella skillnader mellan parallella prov visas för alla träslag. För furu och kärnved har splintved studerats separat. Kärna visar inte ett entydigt mönster av högre emission än splint. För gran har inflytandet av kvistförekomst och högtemperaturtorkning studerats, och en kraftig förhöjning av emissionerna kunde bara konstateras i ett fall av tre parvisa prover med/utan kvistar.
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| 26. |
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| 31. |
- Englund, Finn
(författare)
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Pinosylvin - möjligheter för utvinning och nyttiggörande
- 2003
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Tillgången på furu i skogsindustrins biprodukter i form av flis, spån och grot har inventerats. Beräkningar har gjorts över deras innehåll av pinosylvin och andra stilbener samt den potentiella tillgängligheten av dessa föreningar. Möjligheterna att utvinna stilbener ur furukärnved och återföra dessa till furusplintved för ökad beständighet bedöms vara goda och påverkar inte värdet i det extraherade materialet för vidare använding som t ex bränsle. Realismen i ett praktiskt genomförande i större skala styrs dock till stor del av en ekonomisk kalkyl, som inte varit möjlig att genomföra här. Sannolikt är det optimalt att utvinna en bredare fraktion av extraktivämnen som kan ge flera samtidiga effekter, både utökat motstånd mot vattenabsorption och ökat motstånd mot rötsvampars angrepp. De regler som gäller för registrerade träskyddsmedel bedöms inte vara något allvarligt hinder.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 36. |
- Englund, Finn
(författare)
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Värdering av hälsoeffekter av flyktiga ämnen från trä och träprodukter - gränsdragning och inventering. Dokumentation från ett seminarium på Trätek den 9 maj 1995
- 1995
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det är angeläget att skapa en bättre grundval av fakta för att kunna dokumentera och deklarera byggprodukters miljöpåverkan. En viktig motivering för miljödokumentationen är att ge redskap för förbättringar av de boendes hälsotillstånd. Inomhusluftens kvalitet kan påverkas av bland annat byggprodukters emissioner av flyktiga ämnen, men för att värdera sådana faktorers inflytande kräva objektiva mätmetoder och värderingsmodeller, grundade på medicinsk vetenskap. Här refereras ett seminarium som hölls på Trätek med avsikten att belysa dessa frågor med särskild tonvikt på träprodukter och ge en startpunkt för vidare arbete.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Fjaestad, Monika, et al.
(författare)
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Bevarande inomhusmiljö? : neutrala material i museimiljö
- 2010
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten redovisar omgivningens och luftföroreningars inverkan på material och föremål i museimiljö. Analyser och praktiska råd kring föremålens förvaring med olika omgivande material, färger, bygg- och förpackningsmaterial tas upp
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Jarnehammar, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Trästaden ett uthålligt koncept. -Erfarenheter från 10 års drift av Välludden
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Trästaden ett uthålligt koncept - utvärdering av 10 års drift visar hur ett flervåningshus byggt med trästomme fungerar på lite längre sikt. Projektet genomfördes under 2005-2006 och har inneburit att uppföljningar har gjorts på plats i husen på Välludden i Växjö. Inomhusmiljön, verklig energianvändning under 10 år samt att de exteriöra trädetaljerna har undersökts och dokumenterats. Projektet har genomförts som ett samfinanseriat forskningsprojekt inom ramen för Stiftelsen IVL med Södras Skogsägarnas Stiftelse för Forsknings, utveckling och Utbildning som medfinansiär. SP Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut har deltagit i undersökningarna som rör innemiljön samt utvärdering av de exteriöra trädetaljerna. Södra har deltagit med förvaltande personal på plats i Välluddenhusen.
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| 43. |
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| 45. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 46. |
- Nore, Kristine, et al.
(författare)
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Moisture buffering, energy potential, and volatile organic compound emissions of wood exposed to indoor environments
- 2017
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Ingår i: Science and Technology for the Built Environment. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2374-4731 .- 2374-474X. ; 23:3, s. 512-521
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of wood in built environments has been increasing during the last decades, and more focus has been set on the influence of wood surfaces on indoor environments on the objective and subjective measures of human well-being. In addition, the moisture buffer capacity of hygroscopic materials, such as wood, has been under investigation in order to quantify the impact of wooden surfaces on energy savings in buildings. The current study presents the results of wood surfaces and indoor air temperatures as well as indoor air relative humidity measured in two solid timber test houses. The findings reveal a substantial effect on wood surface temperature under fluctuating indoor relative humidity due to the latent heat of sorption of water vapors. The results were compared with hygrothermal numerical simulations, showing good agreement and the validated numerical model was used in order to quantify the energy performance in a bathroom when the latent heat of sorption is exploited. The combination of wood with a well-controlled HVAC system in rooms with moisture production shows significant potential for indirect energy savings by adjusting the indoor temperature and exploiting the increase of surface temperature in the hygroscopic structure. Furthermore, the emissions of volatile organic compounds from pine wood were studied in laboratory facilities, with focus on the variations of emissions due to diurnal fluctuations in air humidity. Human participants were exposed in a large test chamber to a concealed source of volatile organic compound emissions in the form of fresh pine wood, while the actual exposure reached air levels of monoterpenes up to 18 mg/m3 during the intervention situation. Perceptions of air quality and mucosal irritation effects were reported in a standard questionnaire during this double-blind test with no irritation effects reported.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
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| 50. |
- Olsson, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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The use of esterified lignin for synthesis of durable composites
- 2011
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Ingår i: 7th meeting of the Nordic-Baltic Network in Wood Material Science & Engineering (WSE). - : Norsk institutt for skog og landskap.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Lignin is a natural polymer and one of the most abundant materials on earth. Despite this fact, lignin is often viewed as a by-product in chemical pulp processing and the use of lignin as a sustainable material is low. However, research and public awareness of sustainability have opened up new possibilities for using lignin as a material. In this study, Kraft softwood lignin was reacted with acetic and propionic anhydride to synthesize esterified lignin. Reactions were performed at 80 °C. The product was analyzed using IR, DSC and processability parameters, such as melt viscosity. The product was then blended with LDPE and extruded into composite films. The films were analyzed using FTIR and TGA, and the mechanical properties were determined by tensile tests. Preliminary results are positive and further studies are planned to confirm the results and establish the range of properties attainable.
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